CN101915741A - Portable hemoglobin solution measurement system and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Portable hemoglobin solution measurement system and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101915741A CN101915741A CN 201010246273 CN201010246273A CN101915741A CN 101915741 A CN101915741 A CN 101915741A CN 201010246273 CN201010246273 CN 201010246273 CN 201010246273 A CN201010246273 A CN 201010246273A CN 101915741 A CN101915741 A CN 101915741A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable hemoglobin solution measurement system and a measurement method thereof. The measurement system comprises an ARM control unit, a stable light source generation circuit, a cuvette, a photoelectric conversion circuit and an A/D converter. The measurement system and the measurement method have the advantages that: according to the absorption characteristic of the cyanomethemoglobin reaction solution to lights with different wavelengths, the ARM control unit controls the stable light source generation circuit to automatically divide time and switch to generate red and green lights and compare the light intensities of the red light and the green light after transmitting the solution to measure the concentration of cyanomethemoglobin reaction solution; the shortcoming that the traditional apparatus adopting a single-wavelength method needs to measure the blank solution to compare and correct is overcome, so the measurement efficiency is improved greatly and the operation is more simple; and errors caused by the external environment, operators and the like during two times of measurement are avoided, so the measurement precision is improved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement of concetration technology of hemoglobin solutions, especially relate to a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system and corresponding measuring method.
Background technology
Haemoglobin is an endoerythrocytic principal ingredient in the blood of human body, it has the characteristic that easily combines with oxygen and carbon dioxide, be the carrier of respiratory system, the oxygen that human body can be sucked each tissue from the pulmonary delivery to the whole body, exhalation was external after the carbon dioxide in will organizing again was transported to lung.Yet, as hemoglobin concentration (Hemoglobin, will produce the anaemia phenomenon when HGB) being lower than normal value, anaemia may cause human body skin, mucosal pallor, palpitating speed, sensation of oppression over the chest with shortness of breath, therefore, there is very big relation in haemoglobin with the health of human body, and people should understand the hemoglobin concentration of oneself timely and accurately, keep the health of oneself.
The hemoglobin solutions measuring instrument is mainly used in the hemoglobin concentration of measuring in the blood, it is widely used on clinical medicine, main application has many aspects such as blood station, ICU, operating room, gynemetrics (delivery room), surgical clinical, the saturating section of kidney, hematology, emergency ward, ambulance, neonate's monitoring and sportsman's health check-up, become the most important diagnostic means of a lot of diseases, the clinical accurately and timely firsthand information that provides is provided, Medical Instruments is absolutely necessary.
At present, have multiple hemoglobin solutions measuring instrument both at home and abroad, external Hemoglobin hemoglobinometry instrument as Sweden, it mainly adopts the reagent strip method to come hemoglobin testing concentration, and the blood sampling of this instrument is convenient, need not dilution, test is succinct, very be suitable for the training athlete scene tests, but it costs an arm and a leg, cause middle and small hospital to purchase in batches, agents useful for same bar price is also very high in addition, and is consumables, and this has increased patient's burden undoubtedly; Domestic 5020 type haemoglobin instrument as Shanghai Precision Scientific Apparatus Co., Ltd's analytical instrument head factory production, it has adopted single wavelength method, its light that utilizes certain wavelength is by being equipped with the cuvette of blank solution (cyaniding high ferro standard dilution), the light that utilizes identical wavelength again by be equipped with the haemoglobin reaction solution (this haemoglobin reaction solution be the cyaniding high ferro with dilution after the solution that generates of hemoglobin solutions reaction) cuvette after, to analyzing by two kinds of light intensity behind cuvette that blank solution is housed and the cuvette that the haemoglobin reaction solution is housed respectively, thereby draw the concentration of the solution of surveying, this apparatus measures time is shorter, but it joins diluter 250 times of hemodilutions outside needing, and then the blood after will diluting and cyaniding high ferro are carried out hemolytic reaction as detected solution, cause the volume of this instrument very huge, dilution and haemolysis need the long period simultaneously, make that the time of the single blood sample of actual measurement increases greatly (approximately needing 45 seconds/sample); On the other hand, compare correction owing to adopt single wavelength method need measure by the light intensity behind the cuvette that blank solution is housed, cause complicated operation, efficiency of measurement is low; In addition, twice measurement causes The ultimate results to be subject to the influence of extraneous factor (as level of skill of operator etc., extraneous dust etc.), directly influenced measuring accuracy.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provide a kind of simple to operate, efficiency of measurement is high, measuring accuracy is high, and portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system provides a kind of measuring method that can obtain than the hemoglobin solutions concentration of high measurement accuracy simultaneously.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system, comprise the ARM control module, the light stable source generating circuit, cuvette, photoelectric switching circuit and A/D converter, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured is housed in the described cuvette, the timesharing of described ARM control module is controlled described light stable source generating circuit and is produced ruddiness and the green glow with stable light intensity respectively, ruddiness incided on the interior cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured of described cuvette when described light stable source generating circuit produced ruddiness, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion ruddiness to be measured in the described cuvette, described photoelectric switching circuit receives by the red emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette, the light intensity of the red emergent light that described photoelectric switching circuit conversion receives is first analog voltage signal, described photoelectric switching circuit transmits first analog voltage signal gives described A/D converter, described A/D converter is changed the first frequency signal that first analog voltage signal is the digit pulse formula, the first frequency signal of described A/D converter transmission of digital pulsed is given described ARM control module, green glow incided on the interior cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured of described cuvette when described light stable source generating circuit produced green glow, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion green glow to be measured in the described cuvette, described photoelectric switching circuit receives by the green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette, the light intensity of the green emergent light that described photoelectric switching circuit conversion receives is second analog voltage signal, described photoelectric switching circuit transmits second analog voltage signal gives described A/D converter, described A/D converter is changed the second frequency signal that second analog voltage signal is the digit pulse formula, the second frequency signal of described A/D converter transmission of digital pulsed is given described ARM control module, and the first frequency signal of the digit pulse formula that described ARM control module basis receives and the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula obtain the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured.
Described ARM control module is the microprocessor of S3C44B0X for the model based on the ARM7 kernel, the built-in timer/counter of described microprocessor is configured to the timer sum counter, described timer intercoms with described ARM7 kernel respectively mutually with described counter, described ARM control module is connected with keyboard, storer and display screen, open described timer after the initialization of described ARM control module, described timer produces first when regularly interrupting, the described light stable source generating circuit of nuclear control produces the ruddiness with stable light intensity in the described ARM7, when second timing of described timer generation interrupted, described counter is counted the pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, described timer produces the 3rd timing when interrupting, described counter is transferred to described ARM7 kernel with its count value that pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, the described light stable source generating circuit of nuclear control produces the green glow with stable light intensity in the described ARM7 simultaneously, described timer produces the 4th timing when interrupting, described counter is counted the pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula, described timer produces the 5th timing when interrupting, described counter is transferred to described ARM7 kernel with its count value that pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, described ARM7 kernel calculates the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to two count values, described ARM7 kernel is stored the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured to described storer, and the concentration of transmitting cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured simultaneously shows to described display screen.
Described light stable source generating circuit is mainly by voltage regulation unit, control module and luminescence unit are formed, described voltage regulation unit comprises source of stable pressure, first electrochemical capacitor, second electric capacity, the 3rd electrochemical capacitor, the 4th electric capacity and first resistance, described control module comprises first triode, second triode, second resistance and the 3rd resistance, described luminescence unit comprises red light emitting diodes and green LED, described source of stable pressure has voltage input end, voltage output end and earth terminal, the voltage input end cut-in operation voltage of described source of stable pressure, the voltage input end of described source of stable pressure is connected with the positive terminal of described first electrochemical capacitor and first end of described second electric capacity respectively, the equal ground connection of second end of the negative pole end of described first electrochemical capacitor and described second electric capacity, the voltage output end of described source of stable pressure respectively with first end of described first resistance, first end of the positive terminal of described the 3rd electrochemical capacitor and described the 4th electric capacity is connected, the earth terminal of described source of stable pressure respectively with second end of described first resistance, second end of the negative pole end of described the 3rd electrochemical capacitor and described the 4th electric capacity is connected, described ARM control module is connected with first end of described second resistance by first connection terminal, second end of described second resistance is connected with the base stage of described first triode, the collector of described first triode is connected with the negative pole end of described red light emitting diodes, described ARM control module is connected with first end of described the 3rd resistance by second connection terminal, second end of described the 3rd resistance is connected with the base stage of described second triode, the collector of described second triode is connected with the negative pole end of described green LED, the equal ground connection of the emitter of the emitter of described first triode and described second triode, the positive terminal of described red light emitting diodes all is connected with the earth terminal of described source of stable pressure with the positive terminal of described green LED, the sidewall of the ruddiness that described red light emitting diodes sends by described cuvette incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette, and the sidewall of the green glow that described green LED sends by described cuvette incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette.
It is the low-power consumption forward voltage regulator of SPX1117 that described source of stable pressure adopts model, and the voltage of the voltage output end output of described low-power consumption forward voltage regulator is 5V; Described first triode and described second triode all adopt NPN type triode.
When described first connection terminal inserts high level and described second connection terminal access low level, described first triode is in state of saturation, described second triode is in cut-off state, described red light emitting diodes sends ruddiness, and the sidewall of the ruddiness that described red light emitting diodes sends by described cuvette incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette; When described first connection terminal inserts low level and described second connection terminal access high level, described first triode is in cut-off state, described second triode is in state of saturation, described green LED sends green glow, and the sidewall of the green glow that described green LED sends by described cuvette incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette.
Described photoelectric switching circuit is mainly by photodiode, the 4th resistance, the 5th electric capacity, the first sliding device that becomes, second sliding device and the operational amplifier composition of becoming, described photodiode receives by red emergent light and green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin solution to be measured in the described cuvette, the positive terminal ground connection of described photodiode, the positive terminal of described photodiode is connected with the normal phase input end of described operational amplifier, the negative pole end of described photodiode respectively with first end of described the 4th resistance, first end of described the 5th electric capacity and the inverting input of described operational amplifier are connected, second end of described the 4th resistance is connected with described first sliding first end that becomes device, described first sliding second end that becomes device is connected with the described first sliding slide plate that becomes device, its public connecting end is connected with second end of described the 5th electric capacity and the output terminal of described operational amplifier respectively, the output terminal of described operational amplifier is connected with the input end of described A/D converter, the first zeroing end of described operational amplifier is connected with described second sliding first end that becomes device, the second zeroing end of described operational amplifier is connected with described second sliding second end that becomes device, and the positive power source terminal that connects of described operational amplifier is connected with the described second sliding slide plate that becomes device.
The model of described operational amplifier is OP07/AD705.
Described A/D converter adopts voltage-frequency changing type A/D converter.
A kind of above-mentioned corresponding measuring method of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system may further comprise the steps:
1. initialization ARM control module, the built-in timer of ARM control module is unlocked, it produces first and regularly interrupts, first triode that the ARM7 kernel control stabilization light source of ARM control module produces circuit makes it be in state of saturation, and the red light emitting diodes that the first triode work control stabilization light source produces circuit sends the ruddiness with stable light intensity;
2. the ruddiness that sends of red light emitting diodes incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion ruddiness to be measured, and shine on the photodiode of photoelectric switching circuit by the red emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured, photodiode is converted to first analog voltage signal with the light intensity of red emergent light, the operational amplifier of photoelectric switching circuit carries out processing and amplifying to first analog voltage signal, and first analog voltage signal after will amplifying is transferred to A/D converter;
3. A/D converter is converted to first analog voltage signal first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, and the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is transferred to the counter of ARM control module, when second timing of timer generation simultaneously interrupted, counter was counted the pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula;
4. timer produces the 3rd timing when interrupting, counter is transferred to the ARM7 kernel with its count value that pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, second triode of the circuit of ARM7 kernel control stabilization light source generation simultaneously makes it be in state of saturation, and the green LED that the second triode work control stabilization light source produces circuit sends the green glow with stable light intensity;
5. the green glow that sends of green LED incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion green glow to be measured, and shine on the photodiode of photoelectric switching circuit by the green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured, photodiode is converted to second analog voltage signal with the light intensity of green emergent light, the operational amplifier of photoelectric switching circuit carries out processing and amplifying to second analog voltage signal, and second analog voltage signal after will amplifying is transferred to A/D converter;
6. A/D converter is converted to second analog voltage signal second frequency signal of digit pulse formula, and the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is transferred to the counter of ARM control module, simultaneously timer produces the 4th timing when interrupting, and counter is counted the pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula;
7. timer produces the 5th timing when interrupting, and counter is transferred to the ARM7 kernel with its count value that pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles;
8. the ARM7 kernel calculates the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to two count values, is designated as C,
Wherein, K
1The absorption coefficient of expression ruddiness, K
2The absorption coefficient of expression green glow, L represents the thickness of a sidewall of cuvette, f
1The count value that the expression counter counts to get the pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, f
2The count value that the expression counter counts to get the pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula, L
In1The light intensity of the ruddiness that the red light emitting diodes of expression light stable source generating circuit sends, L
In2The light intensity of the green glow that the green LED of expression light stable source generating circuit sends.
Make in the above-mentioned measuring method
Be a, order
Be b, order
Be x, 1. to the x and the C that 8. measure many groups cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution correspondence to be measured, utilize approximating method to simulate the occurrence of a and b then, finally obtain the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to step
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that this measuring system is according to the absorption characteristic of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to different wavelengths of light, produce the automatic timesharing of circuit by ARM controller control stabilization light source and switch generation ruddiness and green glow, the ruddiness behind the contrast processing transmission solution and the light intensity of green glow realize the measurement of the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution, solve the appliance requires that the single wavelength method of existing employing measures and measured the defective that blank solution compares correction, thereby improved efficiency of measurement greatly, make that also operation is more simple, also avoid simultaneously twice measurement (promptly to the light intensity of the light that sees through the cuvette that blank solution is housed and see through the light intensity of the light of the cuvette that reaction solution is housed) because the error that problems such as external environment condition and manual operation cause, thereby effectively improved measuring accuracy; This measuring system is compared to the high hemoglobinometry instrument of external price, it need not the reagent strip of disposable consumption, and its ARM control module with Highgrade integration is that core adds each element circuit, and is not only cheap, and good reproducibility, be suitable for hospital and purchase in batches; And compared to domestic part main equipment, this measuring system is owing to adopt Embedded ARM control module to handle, and do not need to join diluter and carry out hemodilution outward, makes the miniaturization of this measuring system, is convenient to pay a home visit and carries.This measuring system cooperates display screen to show synchronously by keyboard operation, makes this measuring system humanized, operates simpler.
This measuring method adopts the double wave regular way promptly to utilize two ruddiness with different wave length and green glow respectively by the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution is housed, the measurement of realization response solution concentration, solve the single wavelength method of existing employing and need measure the defective that blank solution compares correction, thereby improved efficiency of measurement greatly, make that also operation is more simple, also avoided simultaneously twice measurement because the error that problems such as external environment condition and manual operation cause, thereby effectively improved measuring accuracy, can satisfy clinical medical needs preferably.This measurement method selection ruddiness and green glow pass through reaction solution, this is because ruddiness and green glow have close absorbance at two wavelength place interfering components, and the absorbance at two wavelength place reaction solutions to be measured has enough big difference, photoelectric switching circuit has higher relative sensitivity to these two kinds of light, can effectively reduce like this and measure the error of bringing, thereby improve measuring accuracy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental block diagram of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of light stable source generating circuit;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of photoelectric switching circuit;
Fig. 4 is the absorbance log characteristic synoptic diagram of light in the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that concerns of wavelength and relative sensitivity.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one:
A kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system that the present invention proposes, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises ARM control module 1, light stable source generating circuit 2, cuvette 3, photoelectric switching circuit 4 and A/D converter 5, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution (not shown) to be measured is housed in the cuvette 3, ARM control module 1 timesharing control stabilization light source produces circuit 2 and produces ruddiness and the green glow with stable light intensity respectively, ruddiness incided on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3 when light stable source generating circuit 2 produced ruddiness, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion ruddiness to be measured in the cuvette 3, it is the remaining transmit red light that is not absorbed by cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured that photoelectric switching circuit 4 receives by the red emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3, the light intensity of the red emergent light that photoelectric switching circuit 4 conversions receive is first analog voltage signal, photoelectric switching circuit 4 transmission first analog voltage signal is given A/D converter 5, A/D converter 5 conversions first analog voltage signal is the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, the first frequency signal of A/D converter 5 transmission of digital pulseds is given ARM control module 1, green glow incided on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3 when light stable source generating circuit 2 produced green glows, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion green glow to be measured in the cuvette 3, it is the remaining transmit green that is not absorbed by cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured that photoelectric switching circuit 4 receives by the green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3, the light intensity of the green emergent light that photoelectric switching circuit 4 conversions receive is second analog voltage signal, photoelectric switching circuit 4 transmission second analog voltage signal is given A/D converter 5, A/D converter is changed the second frequency signal that 5 second analog voltage signals are the digit pulse formula, the second frequency signal of A/D converter 5 transmission of digital pulseds is given ARM control module 1, and the first frequency signal of the digit pulse formula that ARM control module 1 basis receives and the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula obtain the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured.
In this specific embodiment, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured is generated by cyaniding high iron solution and haemoglobin reaction, it joins diluter 250 times of hemodilutions outside need not as 5020 type haemoglobin instrument, because single wavelength method is the contrast correcting fluid with the blank solution, be difficult to guarantee measuring accuracy without dilution, and this measuring system is with the same solution of the transmittance of two kinds of wavelength, with the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to the different absorbance of two kinds of wavelength as beasurement base, dilution had higher measuring accuracy, if also can improve measuring accuracy certainly.
In this specific embodiment, ARM control module 1 is the microprocessor of S3C44B0X for the model based on ARM7 kernel 11, ARM control module 1 is that the built-in timer/counter of microprocessor can be configured to timer 12 sum counters 13, timer 12 sum counters 13 intercom mutually with ARM7 kernel 11 respectively, ARM control module 1 is connected with keyboard 14, storer 15 and display screen 16, opening timing device 12 after 1 initialization of ARM control module, timer 12 produces first when regularly interrupting, ARM7 kernel 11 reaches the I/O mouth (not shown) output low level that is connected with the second connection terminal GreOn of light stable source generating circuit 2 by the I/O mouth (not shown) output high level that is connected with first connection terminal RedOn light stable source generating circuit 2 ARM control module 1 and comes the control stabilization light source to produce the ruddiness that circuit 2 generations have stable light intensity, when second timing of timer 12 generations interrupted, the pulse number of the first frequency signal of 13 pairs of digit pulse formulas of counter is counted, when the 3rd timing of timer 12 generations interrupted, counter 13 is transferred to ARM7 kernel 11 with its count value that pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, ARM7 kernel 11 reaches the green glow that the I/O mouth (not shown) output high level that is connected with the second connection terminal GreOn of light stable source generating circuit 2 comes 2 generations of control stabilization light source generation circuit to have stable light intensity by the I/O mouth (not shown) output low level that is connected with first connection terminal RedOn light stable source generating circuit 2 ARM control module 1 simultaneously, when the 4th timing of timer 12 generations interrupted, the pulse number of the second frequency signal of 13 pairs of digit pulse formulas of counter is counted, when the 5th timing of timer 12 generations interrupted, counter 13 is transferred to ARM7 kernel 11 with its count value that pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, ARM7 kernel 11 calculates the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to two count values, the concentration of ARM7 kernel 11 storages cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured is to storer 15, and the concentration of transmitting cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured simultaneously shows to display screen 16.Display screen 16 shows master menu after 1 initialization of ARM control module, can carry out function selecting by keyboard 14, keyboard 14 each key function corresponding can be according to the actual conditions setting, as 1 key can be set the crowd of under-18s is measured, 2 keys can be set 18～60 years old crowd is measured, 3 keys can be set the crowd more than 60 years old is measured or the like.Timer 12 sum counters 13 obtain for S3C44B0X inside integrated " timer/counter " block configuration, control their open and close and interruption is set by ARM7 kernel 11, the foundation of timing and counting process is ARM7 kernel 11 inner crystal oscillators or external pulse (as the frequency signal after the conversion), up to interrupting generation, how the value that perhaps count down to some settings operates if being decided by ARM7 kernel 11 again.
In this specific embodiment, light stable source generating circuit 2 as shown in Figure 2, it is mainly by voltage regulation unit, control module and luminescence unit are formed, voltage regulation unit comprises source of stable pressure U1, the first electrochemical capacitor C1, second capacitor C 2, the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, the 4th capacitor C 4 and first resistance R 1, control module comprises the first triode Q1, the second triode Q2, second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3, luminescence unit comprises red light emitting diodes D1 and green LED D2, source of stable pressure U1 has voltage input end VIN, voltage output end VOUT and earth terminal GND, the voltage input end VIN cut-in operation voltage 15V of source of stable pressure U1, the voltage input end VIN of source of stable pressure U1 is connected with the positive terminal of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 and first end of second capacitor C 2 respectively, the equal ground connection of second end of the negative pole end of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 and second capacitor C 2, the voltage output end VOUT of source of stable pressure U1 respectively with first end of first resistance R 1, the positive terminal of the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3 is connected with first end of the 4th capacitor C 4, the earth terminal GND of source of stable pressure U1 respectively with second end of first resistance R 1, the negative pole end of the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3 is connected with second end of the 4th capacitor C 4, ARM control module 1 is connected with first end of second resistance R 2 by the first connection terminal RedOn, second end of second resistance R 2 is connected with the base stage of the first triode Q1, the collector of the first triode Q1 is connected with the negative pole end of red light emitting diodes D1, ARM control module 1 is connected with first end of the 3rd resistance R 3 by the second connection terminal GreOn, second end of the 3rd resistance R 3 is connected with the base stage of the second triode Q2, the collector of the second triode Q2 is connected with the negative pole end of green LED D2, the equal ground connection of the emitter of the emitter of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2, the positive terminal of the positive terminal of red light emitting diodes D1 and green LED D2 all is connected with the earth terminal GND of source of stable pressure U1, the sidewall of the ruddiness that red light emitting diodes D1 sends by cuvette 3 incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3, and the sidewall of the green glow that green LED D2 sends by cuvette 3 incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3.At this, it is the low-power consumption forward voltage regulator of SPX1117 that source of stable pressure U1 adopts model, the voltage of the voltage output end of low-power consumption forward voltage regulator output is 5V, and also can adopting other, ripe arbitrarily to have with model be the pressure stabilizing device of the low-power consumption forward voltage regulator identical function of SPX1117; The first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 all adopt NPN type triode, the first connection terminal RedOn inserts high level and the second connection terminal GreOn inserts low level, the first triode Q1 is in state of saturation, the second triode Q2 is in cut-off state, red light emitting diodes D1 sends ruddiness, and the sidewall of the ruddiness that red light emitting diodes D1 sends by cuvette 3 incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3; When the first connection terminal RedOn inserts low level and second connection terminal GreOn access high level, the first triode Q1 is in cut-off state, the second triode Q2 is in state of saturation, green LED D2 sends green glow, and the sidewall of the green glow that green LED D2 sends by cuvette 3 incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3.
In fact, voltage regulation unit also can directly adopt voltage stabilizing diode, utilize the burning voltage of voltage stabilizing diode to produce steady current, yet the voltage regulation performance of voltage stabilizing diode can change along with the influence of factors such as temperature, thereby the electric current that flows through red light emitting diodes or green LED also can change along with variation of temperature, influence the accuracy of measuring the most at last, therefore in the present embodiment, it is the low-power consumption forward voltage regulator of SPX1117 that source of stable pressure adopts model, this source of stable pressure can be according to the automatic regulation voltage of the variation of environment, make voltage stable, thereby make the current stabilization that flows through red light emitting diodes or green LED, reach the purpose that the light that red light emitting diodes and green LED are sent has stable light intensity.
In this specific embodiment, photoelectric switching circuit is mainly by photodiode D3, the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th capacitor C 5, the first sliding device VR1 that becomes, the second sliding device VR2 of change and operational amplifier U4 form, photodiode D3 receives by red emergent light and green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin solution to be measured in the cuvette 3, the positive terminal ground connection of photodiode D3, the positive terminal of photodiode D3 is connected with the normal phase input end of operational amplifier U4, the negative pole end of photodiode D3 respectively with first end of the 4th resistance R 4, first end of the 5th capacitor C 5 is connected with the inverting input of operational amplifier U4, second end of the 4th resistance R 4 is connected with first sliding first end that becomes device VR1, first sliding second end that becomes device VR1 is connected with the first sliding slide plate that becomes device VR1, its public connecting end is connected with second end of the 5th capacitor C 5 and the output terminal of operational amplifier U4 respectively, the output terminal of operational amplifier U4 is connected with the input end of A/D converter 5, the first zeroing end of operational amplifier U4 is connected with second sliding first end that becomes device VR2, the second zeroing end of operational amplifier U4 is connected with second sliding second end that becomes device VR2, and the positive power source terminal that connects of operational amplifier U4 is connected with the second sliding slide plate that becomes device VR2.As can be seen from Figure 3, when illumination was mapped to photodiode D3, photodiode D3 produced electric current I, and electric current I flows through the 4th resistance R 4 and the first sliding device VR1 that becomes, at the output terminal generation negative voltage U of operational amplifier U4
0, the light wavelength that order shines photodiode D3 is that λ and light intensity are I (λ), the short circuit current that makes photodiode D3 is i
Sc, then photodiode D3 is the susceptibility of the light of λ to this wavelength
I is arranged then
Sc=S (λ) * I (λ), the short-circuit current i of visible light electric diode D3
ScBe directly proportional with the light intensity I (λ) of the light that shines photodiode D3, again because the negative voltage U of the output terminal of operational amplifier U4 output
0=i
Sc* (R
4+ VR
1), wherein, R
4The resistance value of representing the 4th resistance R 4, VR
1The expression first sliding resistance value that becomes device VR1 is so the output terminal of light intensity I (λ) and operational amplifier U4 produces negative voltage U
0Be directly proportional, thus the negative voltage U of output terminal output that can be by measuring operational amplifier U4
0Measure the light intensity I (λ) of the light that photodiode D3 received.
At this, it is the operational amplifier of OP07/AD705 that operational amplifier U4 adopts model.
In this specific embodiment, A/D converter 5 can adopt direct A/D converter, also can adopt voltage-time conversion hysteria (V-T) A/D converter or voltage-frequency changing type (V-F) A/D converter in the indirect A/D converter, but because voltage-frequency changing type (V-F) A/D converter has working stability, good linearity, the precision height, circuit is simple, advantages such as antijamming capability is strong, therefore adopt voltage-frequency changing type (V-F) A/D converter at this, selecting model for use is the chip of AD654, its first analog voltage signal of mainly photoelectric switching circuit being exported converts the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula linearly to, second analog voltage signal of photoelectric switching circuit output is converted linearly to the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula.
Embodiment two:
A kind of above-mentioned corresponding measuring method of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system, it may further comprise the steps:
1. initialization ARM control module 1, ARM control module 1 is that the built-in timer of microprocessor 12 is unlocked, it produces first and regularly interrupts, ARM7 kernel 11 makes it be in state of saturation by the first triode Q1 that the I/O mouth output high level that is connected with first connection terminal RedOn light stable source generating circuit 2 ARM control module 1 comes the control stabilization light source to produce circuit 2, and the red light emitting diodes that first triode Q1 work control stabilization light source produces circuit 2 sends the ruddiness with stable light intensity.
2. the ruddiness that sends of red light emitting diodes D1 incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion ruddiness to be measured, and shine by the red emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured on the photodiode D3 of photoelectric switching circuit 4, photodiode D3 is converted to first analog voltage signal with the light intensity of red emergent light, the operational amplifier U4 of photoelectric switching circuit 4 carries out processing and amplifying to first analog voltage signal, and first analog voltage signal after will amplifying is transferred to A/D converter 5.
3. A/D converter 5 is converted to first analog voltage signal first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, and the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is transferred to the counter 13 of ARM control module 1, when second timing of timer 12 generations simultaneously interrupted, the pulse number of the first frequency signal of 13 pairs of digit pulse formulas of counter was counted.
When 4. the 3rd timing of timer 12 generations interrupted, counter 13 is transferred to ARM7 kernel 11 with its count value that pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, ARM7 kernel 11 makes it be in state of saturation by the second triode Q2 that the I/O mouth output high level that is connected with second connection terminal GreOn light stable source generating circuit 2 ARM control module 1 comes the control stabilization light source to produce circuit 2 simultaneously, and the green LED that second triode Q2 work control stabilization light source produces circuit 2 sends the green glow with stable light intensity.
5. the green glow that sends of green LED D2 incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette 3, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion green glow to be measured, and shine by the green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured on the photodiode D3 of photoelectric switching circuit 4, photodiode D3 is converted to second analog voltage signal with the light intensity of green emergent light, the operational amplifier U4 of photoelectric switching circuit 4 carries out processing and amplifying to second analog voltage signal, and second analog voltage signal after will amplifying is transferred to A/D converter 5.
6. A/D converter 5 is converted to second analog voltage signal second frequency signal of digit pulse formula, and the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is transferred to the counter 13 of ARM control module 1, when the 4th timing of timer 12 generations simultaneously interrupted, the pulse number of the second frequency signal of 13 pairs of digit pulse formulas of counter was counted.
When 7. the 5th timing of timer 12 generations interrupted, counter 13 was transferred to ARM kernel 11 with its count value that pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles.
8. ARM7 kernel 11 calculates the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to two count values, is designated as C,
Wherein, K
1The absorption coefficient of expression ruddiness, K
2The absorption coefficient of expression green glow, L represents the thickness of a sidewall of cuvette, f
1The count value that the expression counter counts to get the pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, f
2The count value that the expression counter counts to get the pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula, L
In1The light intensity of the ruddiness that the red light emitting diodes of expression light stable source generating circuit sends, L
In2The light intensity of the green glow that the green LED of expression light stable source generating circuit sends.
Order
Be a, order
Be b, order
Be x, 1. to the x and the C that 8. measure many groups cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution correspondence to be measured, utilize existing approximating method to simulate the occurrence of a and b then, finally obtain the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to step
The concentration of the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution that records with semi-automatic blood analyser F820 is come the occurrence of match a and b as standard below.At first, utilize injector for medical purpose that cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured is slowly squeezed in the cuvette, pushing syringe is six times continuously, for every pushing syringe once, once measure accordingly, note six times x value, measurement data is as shown in table 1.
The concentration of table 1 cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution and
Relation table
Mean value with x is transverse axis, and corresponding C is the longitudinal axis, set up rectangular coordinate system draw reaction solution concentration and
Relation curve, both are linear, the occurrence with Matlab match a and b obtains a=-1376, b=889.8, thus the concentration that can draw the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution is:
Because
Linear with the concentration C of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution, therefore can be by measuring
Stability determine the stability of measuring system of the present invention and measuring method.Table 2 has provided same sample has been carried out 14 measurements, record
Data.
Table 2 is measured for 14 times
The value record table
From table 2, can draw,
Mean value be 0.6380,
Variance be 0.455 * 10
-6Because variance is the size of expression measured value deviation average, and
Variance very little, the stability of visible measuring system of the present invention and measuring method is better.
This measurement method selection ruddiness and green glow are by cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured, and its reason is:
Suppose that two kinds of light wavelengths selecting are respectively λ
1And λ
2, then need guarantee wavelength X
1And λ
2Place's interfering component should have identical absorbance, could guarantee A like this
S1=A
S2, improve the precision of measuring; In two selected wavelength X
1And λ
2The absorbance of locating component to be measured should have enough big difference, otherwise
The expression wavelength is λ
1For light by cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured after output light light intensity, I
Out(λ
2) the expression wavelength is λ
2For light by cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured after output light light intensity) value very little, can bring very big error to measurement; Wavelength X
1And λ
2The photodiode of place's photoelectric switching circuit will have enough relative sensitivity, could improve the sensitivity of measuring system like this.According to table 3 as can be seen, the highest for the absorption of ruddiness, blue light and green glow, the wavelength of blue light is 470-480nm, and the wavelength of green glow is 530-540nm.
Table 3 material color and the complementary relationship that absorbs look
As can be seen from Figure 4, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured to blue light and green glow absorbance log all than higher, can satisfy the requirement of this test macro and measuring method, but as can be seen from Figure 5, the relative sensitivity of blue light is very low, and the relative sensitivity of green glow is approximately 2 times of blue light, so this method of testing selects ruddiness and green glow as measurement light source.
Claims (10)
1. portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system, it is characterized in that comprising the ARM control module, the light stable source generating circuit, cuvette, photoelectric switching circuit and A/D converter, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured is housed in the described cuvette, the timesharing of described ARM control module is controlled described light stable source generating circuit and is produced ruddiness and the green glow with stable light intensity respectively, ruddiness incided on the interior cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured of described cuvette when described light stable source generating circuit produced ruddiness, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion ruddiness to be measured in the described cuvette, described photoelectric switching circuit receives by the red emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette, the light intensity of the red emergent light that described photoelectric switching circuit conversion receives is first analog voltage signal, described photoelectric switching circuit transmits first analog voltage signal gives described A/D converter, described A/D converter is changed the first frequency signal that first analog voltage signal is the digit pulse formula, the first frequency signal of described A/D converter transmission of digital pulsed is given described ARM control module, green glow incided on the interior cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured of described cuvette when described light stable source generating circuit produced green glow, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion green glow to be measured in the described cuvette, described photoelectric switching circuit receives by the green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette, the light intensity of the green emergent light that described photoelectric switching circuit conversion receives is second analog voltage signal, described photoelectric switching circuit transmits second analog voltage signal gives described A/D converter, described A/D converter is changed the second frequency signal that second analog voltage signal is the digit pulse formula, the second frequency signal of described A/D converter transmission of digital pulsed is given described ARM control module, and the first frequency signal of the digit pulse formula that described ARM control module basis receives and the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula obtain the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured.
2. a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described ARM control module is the microprocessor of S3C44B0X for the model based on the ARM7 kernel, the built-in timer/counter of described microprocessor is configured to the timer sum counter, described timer intercoms with described ARM7 kernel respectively mutually with described counter, described ARM control module is connected with keyboard, storer and display screen, open described timer after the initialization of described ARM control module, described timer produces first when regularly interrupting, the described light stable source generating circuit of nuclear control produces the ruddiness with stable light intensity in the described ARM7, when second timing of described timer generation interrupted, described counter is counted the pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, described timer produces the 3rd timing when interrupting, described counter is transferred to described ARM7 kernel with its count value that pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, the described light stable source generating circuit of nuclear control produces the green glow with stable light intensity in the described ARM7 simultaneously, described timer produces the 4th timing when interrupting, described counter is counted the pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula, described timer produces the 5th timing when interrupting, described counter is transferred to described ARM7 kernel with its count value that pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, described ARM7 kernel calculates the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to two count values, described ARM7 kernel is stored the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured to described storer, and the concentration of transmitting cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured simultaneously shows to described display screen.
3. a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described light stable source generating circuit is mainly by voltage regulation unit, control module and luminescence unit are formed, described voltage regulation unit comprises source of stable pressure, first electrochemical capacitor, second electric capacity, the 3rd electrochemical capacitor, the 4th electric capacity and first resistance, described control module comprises first triode, second triode, second resistance and the 3rd resistance, described luminescence unit comprises red light emitting diodes and green LED, described source of stable pressure has voltage input end, voltage output end and earth terminal, the voltage input end cut-in operation voltage of described source of stable pressure, the voltage input end of described source of stable pressure is connected with the positive terminal of described first electrochemical capacitor and first end of described second electric capacity respectively, the equal ground connection of second end of the negative pole end of described first electrochemical capacitor and described second electric capacity, the voltage output end of described source of stable pressure respectively with first end of described first resistance, first end of the positive terminal of described the 3rd electrochemical capacitor and described the 4th electric capacity is connected, the earth terminal of described source of stable pressure respectively with second end of described first resistance, second end of the negative pole end of described the 3rd electrochemical capacitor and described the 4th electric capacity is connected, described ARM control module is connected with first end of described second resistance by first connection terminal, second end of described second resistance is connected with the base stage of described first triode, the collector of described first triode is connected with the negative pole end of described red light emitting diodes, described ARM control module is connected with first end of described the 3rd resistance by second connection terminal, second end of described the 3rd resistance is connected with the base stage of described second triode, the collector of described second triode is connected with the negative pole end of described green LED, the equal ground connection of the emitter of the emitter of described first triode and described second triode, the positive terminal of described red light emitting diodes all is connected with the earth terminal of described source of stable pressure with the positive terminal of described green LED, the sidewall of the ruddiness that described red light emitting diodes sends by described cuvette incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette, and the sidewall of the green glow that described green LED sends by described cuvette incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette.
4. a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that it is the low-power consumption forward voltage regulator of SPX1117 that described source of stable pressure adopts model, the voltage of the voltage output end output of described low-power consumption forward voltage regulator is 5V; Described first triode and described second triode all adopt NPN type triode.
5. a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system according to claim 4, when it is characterized in that described first connection terminal inserts high level and described second connection terminal access low level, described first triode is in state of saturation, described second triode is in cut-off state, described red light emitting diodes sends ruddiness, and the sidewall of the ruddiness that described red light emitting diodes sends by described cuvette incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette; When described first connection terminal inserts low level and described second connection terminal access high level, described first triode is in cut-off state, described second triode is in state of saturation, described green LED sends green glow, and the sidewall of the green glow that described green LED sends by described cuvette incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the described cuvette.
6. a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described photoelectric switching circuit is mainly by photodiode, the 4th resistance, the 5th electric capacity, the first sliding device that becomes, second sliding device and the operational amplifier composition of becoming, described photodiode receives by red emergent light and green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin solution to be measured in the described cuvette, the positive terminal ground connection of described photodiode, the positive terminal of described photodiode is connected with the normal phase input end of described operational amplifier, the negative pole end of described photodiode respectively with first end of described the 4th resistance, first end of described the 5th electric capacity and the inverting input of described operational amplifier are connected, second end of described the 4th resistance is connected with described first sliding first end that becomes device, described first sliding second end that becomes device is connected with the described first sliding slide plate that becomes device, its public connecting end is connected with second end of described the 5th electric capacity and the output terminal of described operational amplifier respectively, the output terminal of described operational amplifier is connected with the input end of described A/D converter, the first zeroing end of described operational amplifier is connected with described second sliding first end that becomes device, the second zeroing end of described operational amplifier is connected with described second sliding second end that becomes device, and the positive power source terminal that connects of described operational amplifier is connected with the described second sliding slide plate that becomes device.
7. a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system according to claim 6, the model that it is characterized in that described operational amplifier is OP07/AD705.
8. a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system according to claim 6 is characterized in that described A/D converter adopts voltage-frequency changing type A/D converter.
9. corresponding measuring method of the described portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system of claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1. initialization ARM control module, the built-in timer of ARM control module is unlocked, it produces first and regularly interrupts, first triode that the ARM7 kernel control stabilization light source of ARM control module produces circuit makes it be in state of saturation, and the red light emitting diodes that the first triode work control stabilization light source produces circuit sends the ruddiness with stable light intensity;
2. the ruddiness that sends of red light emitting diodes incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion ruddiness to be measured, and shine on the photodiode of photoelectric switching circuit by the red emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured, photodiode is converted to first analog voltage signal with the light intensity of red emergent light, the operational amplifier of photoelectric switching circuit carries out processing and amplifying to first analog voltage signal, and first analog voltage signal after will amplifying is transferred to A/D converter;
3. A/D converter is converted to first analog voltage signal first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, and the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is transferred to the counter of ARM control module, when second timing of timer generation simultaneously interrupted, counter was counted the pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula;
4. timer produces the 3rd timing when interrupting, counter is transferred to the ARM7 kernel with its count value that pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles, second triode of the circuit of ARM7 kernel control stabilization light source generation simultaneously makes it be in state of saturation, and the green LED that the second triode work control stabilization light source produces circuit sends the green glow with stable light intensity;
5. the green glow that sends of green LED incides on the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured in the cuvette, cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution absorption portion green glow to be measured, and shine on the photodiode of photoelectric switching circuit by the green emergent light behind the cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured, photodiode is converted to second analog voltage signal with the light intensity of green emergent light, the operational amplifier of photoelectric switching circuit carries out processing and amplifying to second analog voltage signal, and second analog voltage signal after will amplifying is transferred to A/D converter;
6. A/D converter is converted to second analog voltage signal second frequency signal of digit pulse formula, and the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is transferred to the counter of ARM control module, simultaneously timer produces the 4th timing when interrupting, and counter is counted the pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula;
7. timer produces the 5th timing when interrupting, and counter is transferred to the ARM7 kernel with its count value that pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula is counted and handles;
8. the ARM7 kernel calculates the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to two count values, is designated as C,
Wherein, K
1The absorption coefficient of expression ruddiness, K
2The absorption coefficient of expression green glow, L represents the thickness of a sidewall of cuvette, f
1The count value that the expression counter counts to get the pulse number of the first frequency signal of digit pulse formula, f
2The count value that the expression counter counts to get the pulse number of the second frequency signal of digit pulse formula, L
In1The light intensity of the ruddiness that the red light emitting diodes of expression light stable source generating circuit sends, L
In2The light intensity of the green glow that the green LED of expression light stable source generating circuit sends.
10. the corresponding measuring method of a kind of portable hemoglobin solutions measuring system according to claim 9 is characterized in that order
Be a, order
Be b, order
Be x, 1. to the x and the C that 8. measure many groups cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution correspondence to be measured, utilize approximating method to simulate the occurrence of a and b then, finally obtain the concentration of cyanmethemoglobin reaction solution to be measured according to step
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