CN101915464A - Phase change thermal storage solar water heater - Google Patents
Phase change thermal storage solar water heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101915464A CN101915464A CN2010102663720A CN201010266372A CN101915464A CN 101915464 A CN101915464 A CN 101915464A CN 2010102663720 A CN2010102663720 A CN 2010102663720A CN 201010266372 A CN201010266372 A CN 201010266372A CN 101915464 A CN101915464 A CN 101915464A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat
- pipe
- phase
- thermal storage
- water heater
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/10—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar water heater taking a phase-change material as a thermal storage medium, and solves the problem that the conventional phase change thermal storage solar water heater cannot well convert solar energy into heat energy and transfer the heat energy to the phase-change material due to poor heat-conducting property and flow property of the phase-change material. The solar water heater comprises a thermal storage box and a solar thermal collector, wherein the phase-change material and a finned tube heat exchanger are arranged in the thermal storage box; the whole thermal storage box is almost filled with the finned tube heat exchanger; and the thermal collector and the condenser pipe of the thermal storage box are connected through a steam pipe and a liquid pipe. The phase-change material is taken as the thermal storage medium, the thermal storage capacity of the solar water heater is several or more times that of the common solar water heater, and more heat can be stored for cloudy or rainy days; in addition, the volume of the thermal storage box can be greatly reduced, and the solar water heater can be perfectly combined with buildings by adopting a split structure; and the thermal storage box cannot bear pressure, is convenient to manufacture and has low cost, and hot water is discharged in a pressure-bearing mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar water heater, specifically, be a kind of be the solar water heater of heat storage medium with the phase-change material.
Technical background
Prior solar water heater be with water as heat storage medium, it is that the rising (sensible heat) that utilizes water temperature comes accumulation of heat, thereby heat storage capacity is very low; And along with the rising of water temperature, its dispersed heat is also more.
Therefore, utilize the heat storage medium of phase-change material, can improve the heat storage capacity of water heater greatly as solar water heater.Though also having considered, some patents utilize the heat storage medium of phase-change material as solar water heater, but they have ignored a bit, the heat conductivility and the mobile performance that are exactly these phase-change materials are all very poor, and the heat energy that can not well solar energy be changed is passed to the problem of phase-change material.For example, only the heat that solar thermal collector is obtained passes to the bottom of heat storage tank, although by fin, also is difficult to heat is passed to the top of heat storage tank.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention will solve is: the heat conductivility of existing phase change thermal storage solar water heater phase-change material and mobile performance are all very poor, and the heat energy that can not well solar energy be changed is passed to the problem of phase-change material.
Phase change thermal storage solar water heater of the present invention comprises heat storage tank and solar thermal collector; Between the inner bag of heat storage tank and the shell heat-insulation layer is arranged, also be provided with water inlet and delivery port on the heat storage tank.Phase-change material is housed in heat storage tank; Finned tube exchanger is arranged in the heat storage tank, is provided with condenser pipe and heat exchanging water pipe in the finned tube exchanger, and condenser pipe and heat exchanging water pipe are spaced in finned tube exchanger; Also being provided with the interface that links to each other with condenser pipe on the heat storage tank---steam pipe interface and liquid interface tube, heat exchanging water pipe's two ends link to each other with delivery port with water inlet respectively, are provided with a phase-change material in addition and fill mouth.Described finned tube exchanger almost is full of whole heat storage tank, and phase-change material is full of between the fin of whole finned tube exchanger except that a little expansion space is left at the heat storage tank top.Link by a steam pipe and a liquid pipe between the heat pipe evaporation ends of heat collector and the condenser pipe of heat storage tank, steam pipe and liquid pipe are outside equipped with muff; An interface of heat collector links by an angle valve and liquid pipe.Angle valve except that possess with the joining function of liquid pipe, also possess the function of closing automatically after the filled working medium.The working medium that fills can be water, alcohol, acetone or other medium.
Adopt finned tube exchanger, finned tube exchanger almost is full of whole heat storage tank, and condenser pipe and heat exchanging water pipe are spaced the measure of grade in finned tube exchanger, exactly in order to allow phase-change material fully contact with finned tube exchanger, and abundant heat exchange.The heat conductivility and the mobile performance that solve existing phase change thermal storage solar water heater phase-change material are all very poor, and the heat energy that can not well solar energy be changed is passed to the problem of phase-change material.
Its course of work: the heat storage medium in the heat storage tank is that phase-change material is at normal temperatures for solid-state, when fine day, solar thermal collector absorbs solar energy and solar energy is converted to heat energy, and passes to the working medium that fills in the heat pipe evaporation ends of heat collector, makes working medium vaporize.After the vaporization of the working medium of evaporation ends, enter condenser pipe in the heat storage tank by steam pipe, condensed liquid refrigerant flows back to evaporation ends by the liquid pipe.Working medium is emitted a large amount of heats in the condensation in-tube condensation, pass to phase-change material between fin by finned tube exchanger, makes the temperature of phase-change material raise gradually.When phase-change material temperature rose to phase transition temperature, beginning was by solid-state phase transition process to liquid state.During the beginning phase transformation, the partial phase change material becomes liquid state, and along with the conversion of solar energy, the heat that phase-change material absorbs increases gradually, is got more and more by the solid-state phase-change material that becomes liquid state, until all becoming liquid state.After this, Ye Tai phase-change material can continue accumulation of heat in the mode that temperature raises.When water, cold water flows into the heat exchanging water pipe from water inlet, absorbs the heat of phase change material stores in the heat exchanging water pipe gradually, and the temperature rising becomes hot water and flows out from delivery port.Liquid phase-change material is with the water in the heat transferred heat exchanger tube, and temperature can descend gradually.When its temperature was reduced to by liquid state to solid-state phase transition temperature, a spot of phase-change material can be become solid-state by liquid state.Along with the continuous increase of water consumption, the solid-state part in the phase-change material increases gradually, and is solid-state until all becoming.After this, solid-state phase-change material still can continue to emit heat in the mode that temperature descends, the cold water in the heating heat exchanger tube.
As improvement of the present invention, the phase transition temperature of described phase-change material is 45 ℃-85 ℃.
For any phase change thermal storage solar water heater recited above, described solar thermal collector can be flat plate collector or glass vacuum pipe heat collector.
For any phase change thermal storage solar water heater recited above, it also can comprise the electric heater that is arranged in the heat storage tank, and electric heater inserts in the finned tube exchanger, heats so that can enable electric heater when overcast and rainy.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: 1, because to adopt phase-change material be heat storage medium, its heat storage capacity is times or higher of regular solar water heater of same volume size (it is identical to refer to the heat storage tank volume).When fine day, can store more heat in order to overcast and rainy use.2, can dwindle the volume of heat storage tank greatly.3, adopt the branch body structure, can ideally combine with building.4, heat storage tank pressure-bearing not is convenient to make, and cost is low.5, hot water is still with the water outlet of pressure-bearing mode, bath comfort.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 2.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1: the phase-transition heat-storage flat plate solar water heater
Phase-transition heat-storage flat plate solar water heater shown in Fig. 1 comprises heat storage tank 1 and solar thermal collector 16; Between the inner bag 4 of heat storage tank 1 and the shell 6 heat-insulation layer 5 is arranged, also be provided with water inlet 10 and delivery port 7 on the heat storage tank.Phase-change material 3 is housed in heat storage tank; Finned tube exchanger 12 is arranged in the heat storage tank 1, is provided with condenser pipe 11 and heat exchanging water pipe 8 in the finned tube exchanger 12, and condenser pipe 11 and heat exchanging water pipe 8 are spaced in finned tube exchanger 12; The interface that links to each other with condenser pipe also is set on the heat storage tank 1---steam pipe interface and liquid interface tube 9, heat exchanging water pipe 8 two ends link to each other with delivery port 7 with water inlet 10 respectively, are provided with a phase-change material in addition and fill mouth 2.Described finned tube exchanger 12 almost is full of whole heat storage tank 1, and phase-change material 3 is full of between the fin of whole finned tube exchanger 12 except that a little expansion space is left at the heat storage tank top.Link by a steam pipe 16 and a liquid pipe 15 between the evaporation ends 17 in the flat plate collector 20 and the condenser pipe 11 of heat storage tank, angle valve 19 is used to the working medium that vacuumizes and fill.When fine day, thermal-arrest fin 18 in the solar thermal collector 20 absorbs solar energy and solar energy is converted to heat energy, pass to the working medium that fills in the heat collector evaporation ends 17, make working medium vaporize, enter condenser pipe 11 in the heat storage tank by steam pipe 16, condensed liquid refrigerant flows back to evaporation ends 17 by liquid pipe 15.Working medium is emitted a large amount of heats in the condensation in condenser pipe 11, pass to phase-change material 3 between fin by finned tube exchanger 12, makes the temperature of phase-change material 3 raise gradually, beginning by solid-state to liquid state, until all becoming liquid state.After this, Ye Tai phase-change material can continue accumulation of heat in the mode that temperature raises.When water, cold water flows into the heat exchanging water pipe from water inlet, absorbs the heat of phase change material stores in the heat exchanging water pipe gradually, and the temperature rising becomes hot water and flows out from delivery port.Liquid phase-change material is with the water in the heat transferred heat exchanger tube, and temperature can descend gradually, and is solid-state until all becoming.Also be provided with electric heater 13 in heat storage tank 1, electric heater 13 inserts in the finned tube exchanger 12, heats so that can enable electric heater when overcast and rainy.
Embodiment 2: the phase-transition heat-storage solar vacuum-tube water heater
Its course of work is with embodiment 1, difference is that vacuum tube solar heating element 22 is made of all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube 21 and header 23, finned metal tube (evaporation ends 17) is arranged in the header 23, and the two ends of evaporation ends 17 link with steam pipe 16 and liquid pipe 15 respectively.When fine day, vacuum heat collection pipe 21 in the solar thermal collector 22 absorbs solar energy and solar energy is converted to heat energy, water in the heating, vacuum thermal-collecting tube 21, and with the working medium that fills in the evaporation ends in the heat transferred header 23 17, make working medium vaporize, enter condenser pipe 11 in the heat storage tank by steam pipe 16, condensed liquid refrigerant flows back to evaporation ends 17 by liquid pipe 15.
Claims (7)
1. phase change thermal storage solar water heater comprises heat storage tank and solar thermal collector; Between the inner bag of heat storage tank and the shell heat-insulation layer is arranged, also be provided with water inlet and delivery port on the heat storage tank; It is characterized in that: phase-change material is housed in heat storage tank; Finned tube exchanger is arranged in the heat storage tank, is provided with condenser pipe and heat exchanging water pipe in the finned tube exchanger, and condenser pipe and heat exchanging water pipe are spaced in finned tube exchanger; Also being provided with the interface that links to each other with condenser pipe on the heat storage tank---steam pipe interface and liquid interface tube, heat exchanging water pipe's two ends link to each other with delivery port with water inlet respectively, are provided with a phase-change material in addition and fill mouth.
2. phase change thermal storage solar water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described finned tube exchanger is full of whole heat storage tank, and phase-change material leaves a little expansion space at the heat storage tank top, and is full of between the fin of whole finned tube exchanger.
3. phase change thermal storage solar water heater according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described solar thermal collector is a flat plate collector, link by a steam pipe and a liquid pipe between the heat pipe evaporation ends of flat plate collector and the condenser pipe of heat storage tank, steam pipe and liquid pipe are outside equipped with muff; End interface links by an angle valve and liquid pipe under the flat plate collector.
4. phase change thermal storage solar water heater according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described solar thermal collector is a vacuum tube collector; Be provided with finned heat pipe evaporation ends in the header of vacuum tube collector; Link by a steam pipe and a liquid pipe between the heat pipe evaporation ends of heat collector and the condenser pipe of heat storage tank, steam pipe and liquid pipe are outside equipped with muff; An interface of heat collector links by an angle valve and liquid pipe.
5. phase change thermal storage solar water heater according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the phase transition temperature of described phase-change material is 45 ℃-85 ℃.
6. phase change thermal storage solar water heater according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: it also comprises the electric heater that is arranged in the heat storage tank, and electric heater inserts in the finned tube exchanger.
7. phase change thermal storage solar water heater according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the working medium that fills in the heat collector can be water, alcohol, acetone or other medium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102663720A CN101915464A (en) | 2010-08-30 | 2010-08-30 | Phase change thermal storage solar water heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102663720A CN101915464A (en) | 2010-08-30 | 2010-08-30 | Phase change thermal storage solar water heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101915464A true CN101915464A (en) | 2010-12-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102663720A Pending CN101915464A (en) | 2010-08-30 | 2010-08-30 | Phase change thermal storage solar water heater |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102102911A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-06-22 | 俞明宏 | Flat-plate solar quick water heater |
| CN102235760A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-11-09 | 东南大学 | Separated flat heat pipe solar water heater |
| CN103335415A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-02 | 江苏启能新能源材料有限公司 | Phase change heat storage solar water heater with enhanced heat absorption capability |
| CN103542757A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-29 | 镇江新梦溪能源科技有限公司 | Heat reservoir with auxiliary heating function |
| CN103542756A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-29 | 镇江新梦溪能源科技有限公司 | Laminated heat-storage device |
| CN107062693A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏大学 | A kind of solar energy heat pump system based on phase-transition heat-storage and adopting heat pipes for heat transfer |
| CN108759133A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-06 | 宁波市自宏太阳能有限公司 | A kind of solar energy heat collector |
| CN109341105A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-15 | 日出东方太阳能股份有限公司 | Integral solar water heater and water-heater system |
| EP4273466A1 (en) * | 2022-05-03 | 2023-11-08 | National and Kapodistrian University of Athens | Integration of particulated encapsulated phase change materials in a conventional flat-plate solar collector for the production of domestic hot water |
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| CN101059285A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2007-10-24 | 广东工业大学 | Solar energy heat utilization system combining thermal diode and phase change energy-storage material |
| CN201074915Y (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2008-06-18 | 马立仁 | Solar water heater |
| CN101226006A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-07-23 | 东南大学 | Hot pipe type focusing energy storage type middle high temperature solar heat collector |
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2010
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS5311343A (en) * | 1976-07-17 | 1978-02-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Heat accumulator tank |
| US4240405A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1980-12-23 | French Roger F | Solar water heater |
| US4280483A (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1981-07-28 | Schaffer I Lawrence | Solar heater |
| CN2469377Y (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-01-02 | 淄博华扬太阳能热水器有限公司 | Pressure-bearing whole glass vacuum tube solar energy heat collector |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102102911A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-06-22 | 俞明宏 | Flat-plate solar quick water heater |
| CN102235760A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-11-09 | 东南大学 | Separated flat heat pipe solar water heater |
| CN103335415B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-08-31 | 江苏启能新能源材料有限公司 | A kind of phase-change thermal storage solar water heater strengthening heat absorption |
| CN103335415A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-02 | 江苏启能新能源材料有限公司 | Phase change heat storage solar water heater with enhanced heat absorption capability |
| CN103542757A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-29 | 镇江新梦溪能源科技有限公司 | Heat reservoir with auxiliary heating function |
| CN103542756B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-01 | 镇江新梦溪能源科技有限公司 | Laminated heat-storage device |
| CN103542756A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-29 | 镇江新梦溪能源科技有限公司 | Laminated heat-storage device |
| CN107062693A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏大学 | A kind of solar energy heat pump system based on phase-transition heat-storage and adopting heat pipes for heat transfer |
| CN108759133A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-06 | 宁波市自宏太阳能有限公司 | A kind of solar energy heat collector |
| CN108759133B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-04-24 | 宁波市自宏太阳能有限公司 | Solar heat collecting device |
| CN109341105A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-15 | 日出东方太阳能股份有限公司 | Integral solar water heater and water-heater system |
| EP4273466A1 (en) * | 2022-05-03 | 2023-11-08 | National and Kapodistrian University of Athens | Integration of particulated encapsulated phase change materials in a conventional flat-plate solar collector for the production of domestic hot water |
| WO2023213746A1 (en) * | 2022-05-03 | 2023-11-09 | National And Kapodistrian University Of Athens | Integration of particulated encapsulated phase change materials in a conventional flat-plate solar collector for the production of domestic hot water |
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Application publication date: 20101215 |