CN101910644B - 集成有风扇毂的真空泵系统 - Google Patents

集成有风扇毂的真空泵系统 Download PDF

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CN101910644B
CN101910644B CN200880123569.XA CN200880123569A CN101910644B CN 101910644 B CN101910644 B CN 101910644B CN 200880123569 A CN200880123569 A CN 200880123569A CN 101910644 B CN101910644 B CN 101910644B
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circumference
pulley
pump
pump chamber
rotor
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CN101910644A (zh
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巴温·帕里克
克里斯托弗·R·贝尔
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Cummins Ltd
Cummins Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/325—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
    • F04D29/329—Details of the hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C17/00—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing
    • F01C17/06—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing using cranks, universal joints or similar elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/005—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of dissimilar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/02—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
    • F04C29/005—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
    • F04C29/0071—Couplings between rotors and input or output shafts acting by interengaging or mating parts, i.e. positive coupling of rotor and shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
    • F04C29/0085—Prime movers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/16—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/05—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3441—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F04C18/3442—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the inlet and outlet opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2220/00—Application
    • F04C2220/10—Vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C25/00—Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids
    • F04C25/02—Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids for producing high vacuum

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种集成的风扇和泵驱动系统。

Description

集成有风扇毂的真空泵系统
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2008年1月29日由与这里相同的发明人提交的名为“FAN HUB INTEGRATED VACUUM PUMP SYSTEM”(“集成有风扇毂的真空泵系统”)的美国专利申请No.12/021,633和2007年12月31日提交的名为“FAN HUB INTEGRATED VACUUM PUMPSYSTEM”(“集成有风扇毂的真空泵系统”)的美国临时专利申请序列号No.61/009,784的优先权，其内容通过引用结合于此。
技术领域
本发明通常涉及真空泵，尤其涉及发动机上的集成真空泵。
背景技术
内燃机由于各种原因而产生不希望有的排放。众所周知，发动机废气中的废物(例如，一氧化碳、碳氢化合物和氧化氮)对人的健康不利，并对环境具有威胁。柴油机尤其产生大量烟灰，该烟灰包含颗粒物、炭黑、二氧化硫、氧化氮和其它有害污染物。多个政府机构都在控制这种物质的排放。
发动机操作必须具有多个必需的子系统。这种子系统导致发动机上的负载，并由此降低效率。对于相等的有用输出，效率的降低导致废气增加。发动机的负载的减小允许增加效率、减少燃料使用并减少排放。子系统的去除或合并也可具有这样的能力，即使得发动机在具有相同的功率输出时体积更小。
附图说明
图1是集成有风扇毂滑轮和机体的真空泵的前透视图；
图2是图1的集成系统的后视图；
图3是图1的集成系统的分解图；以及
图4是图1的集成系统的横截面图；
图5是装配的图1的集成系统和发动机的轴向图解视图，其示出了包装封套(packaging envelope)；以及
图6是示出了图1的集成系统和发动机的前盖断路器的对准的部分分解图。
通过结合附图参照公开内容的实施方式的以下描述，本发明的上述和其它特征以及获得该特征的方式将变得更显而易见，并且，公开内容本身将更好理解。
具体实施方式
以下公开的实施方式并非是详尽的或旨在将公开内容限制在以下详细描述中所公开的精确形式。相反，选择并描述实施方式，使得本领域的技术人员可利用其进行教导。
在具有动力制动器的车辆上，制动踏板将经过加速器的杆推入主汽缸，驱动主汽缸活塞。在隔板的两侧上的真空加速器内产生部分真空。当按压制动踏板时，纵裂纹(rod cracks)打开阀门，允许空气进入隔板的一侧上的加速器，同时密封真空。这增加隔板的该侧上的压力，使得其帮助推动杆，然后这推动主汽缸中的活塞。提供真空源100，以产生围绕隔板的真空。虽然这里讨论的真空泵100用来供应制动系统，但是此概念可用于其它泵应用。
图1示出了集成的真空泵和风扇滑轮，在这里叫做“集成系统”10。集成系统10被构造为安装在发动机12的前部上。
集成系统10包括风扇毂14、滑轮16、轴承18、机体20、转子22、叶片24、支承板26，以及设置在这些零件之间的各种密封件。
发动机12的前部包括前盖孔28、安装点30和供油管道32。前盖孔28用作燃料泵进入孔、谷部进入孔(valley access bore)、真空泵排出孔和密封表面。前盖孔28基本上是圆形的，并且大小被构造为在其中容纳机体20的一部分。安装点30与机体20上的相似点对准，并容纳紧固件(例如，螺栓，未示出)以将机体20接合发动机前盖。供油管道32被定位为对系统10供油。
风扇毂14包括多个不同直径的部分。此多个部分包括离合器连接部分34、滑轮固定部分36、滑轮容纳部分38和轴承部分40。离合器连接部分34与风扇离合器(未示出)连接。滑轮固定部分36和滑轮容纳部分38在其公共边界处形成肩部42。滑轮固定部分36的尺寸构造为比滑轮16的毂孔44大。滑轮容纳部分38的直径与毂孔44基本相等，并且尺寸被构造为容纳于毂孔中。轴承部分40的尺寸被构造为具有与轴承18的内孔46基本相等的外径。轴承部分40还具有限定于轴承部分中的孔47，其尺寸被构造为在该孔47中容纳转子22的驱动部分48。
滑轮16，如所示出的，是六肋滑轮。然而，可使用任何其它适于被皮带驱动的滑轮。滑轮16包括毂孔44，该毂孔44的尺寸被构造为将风扇毂14的滑轮固定部分36容纳于其中。
轴承18是环形轴承，其具有与机体20的泵驱动孔50的直径基本相等的外径。轴承18的内孔46具有与风扇毂14的轴承部分40的外径基本相等的直径。应该理解，虽然将轴承18描述为提供连接表面，但是，也考虑其它零件(湿式或干式)，例如，衬套、轴颈轴承(journal bearings)、辊子和球轴承、对开式滑动轴承设备(splitbearing arrangements)，及其组合。
机体20对发动机12部分地提供前盖。机体20进一步包括前侧52，当附接至发动机12时，其面向前向方向。机体20还包括后侧54，当附接至发动机12时，该后侧面向后向方向，并且该后侧与发动机12部分地邻接。前侧52包括限定于其中的泵驱动孔50，泵驱动孔50的尺寸被构造为将轴承18容纳于其中。泵驱动孔50具有这样的深度，即可将轴承18和轴承密封件58完全容纳于其中。机体20的后侧54包括前盖密封表面60，其基本上是圆形的并且尺寸被构造为经由密封条62与发动机12的前盖密封。应该理解，虽然将密封表面60示出并描述为是圆形的，但是也可考虑其它形状的周界。机体20的后侧54还包括限定于其中的泵室64。泵室64容纳转子22和叶片24。泵室64包括从泵室64延伸至泵驱动孔50的转子孔66。转子孔66在泵室64内并相对于泵室64偏心。
机体20还包括三个板接合孔68、多个发动机连接孔70、发动机举升螺栓孔(lifting stud hole)71、进气口72、惰轮支撑件73和润滑管道(未示出)。板接合孔68围绕泵室64的外围位于其外部。发动机连接孔70的尺寸被构造为容纳贯穿其的紧固件，并被定位为与发动机12中的相似的孔对准。进气口72允许将空气进入泵室64。润滑管道允许对泵室64和在其中的移动零件供应润滑剂。
转子22基本上是圆柱形的，并包括驱动部分48和叶片部分74。驱动部分48具有尺寸被构造为贯穿转子孔66延伸且在风扇毂14的孔47中压配合的直径。叶片部分74具有比驱动部分48大的直径，并包括内孔76和两个纵向开口78。纵向开口78被定位为彼此相对180度，使得其组合以在其中提供叶片路径。虽然示出了单个叶片转子，但是也可考虑用于多个叶片泵的转子。
叶片24是由塑料构造的扁平件。叶片24具有基本上平的侧边缘80和圆形的纵向边缘82。叶片24的长度比泵室64的直径小。叶片24的厚度比纵向开口78的宽度稍小。纵向边缘82的形状被构造为达到期望的效率和性能。
支承板26包括从系统10排出油气混合物的泵输出(未示出)。泵输出与簧片阀86接合，以基本上防止回流进入真空100。这防止输出混合物重新进入泵室64。簧片阀86进一步帮助在泵室64中保持真空。
在组件中，轴承18位于泵驱动孔50内，使得轴承18的内孔46与机体20的转子孔66同心地对准。滑轮16容纳风扇毂14并固定至风扇毂14，并且靠着肩部42。滑轮16与风扇毂14的连接防止在其之间相对旋转。然后，将滑轮16和风扇毂14的组合插入机体20，使得风扇毂14的轴承部分40在轴承18的内孔46内。然后，将转子22从机体20的后侧54插入泵室64，使得将转子22的驱动部分48固定在风扇毂14的轴承部分40的孔47内。风扇毂14、滑轮16和转子22均同轴，即它们共享公共的旋转轴线。转子22与风扇毂14的连接防止它们之间的相对旋转。因此，滑轮16的旋转被转化为转子22的旋转。叶片24位于泵室64内的转子22的纵向开口78内，使得叶片24的侧边缘接触泵室64的底壁84。然后，支承板26经由紧固件和板接合孔68与机体20接合。一旦这样装配，集成系统10经由紧固件和安装点30与发动机12接合。应该理解，在许多接合零件之间存在密封。在这里不描述这种密封，因为本领域的技术人员熟悉这种密封在哪里是必须的。
一旦集成系统10与发动机12接合，发动机12的前壁的供油管道32与机体20中的润滑管道(未示出)对准且流体连通。可替代地，润滑管道和发动机12的供油管道32可在发动机12的壁的外部。虽然未明确地示出，但是机体20的润滑管道与泵室64通常在由图5中的“A”表示的区域中连接。应该理解，润滑管道可以位于除了由“A”表示的区域以外的区域中。类似地，机体20的进气口72与泵室64通常在由图5中的“A”表示的区域中连接。
如图5所示，前盖孔28基本上是圆形的(虽然其可以是非圆形的)并限定周界102。滑轮16和泵室64同样分别限定周界104，106。图5是示出了前盖孔28、泵室64和滑轮16经由它们的周界102、104、106的竖直和水平重叠的轴向图解视图。图5沿着垂直于滑轮16在其中旋转的平面的平面并沿着滑轮16的旋转轴线看。前盖孔28和滑轮16的周界重叠。泵室64的周界完全位于前盖孔28和滑轮16的周界的重叠部分内。此外，泵室的周界基本上在重叠部分内内接(inscribed)。换句话说，泵室的周界基本上是可能最大的圆周，当考虑泵室的必需的壁厚时，该周界适应重叠部分。此外，每个周界102、104、106限定各自的中心点108、110、112。每个中心点基本上是共线的，如沿着线114所示出的。
在操作中，旋转曲轴，并将该旋转经由皮带(未示出)传输至滑轮16。因此，滑轮16是与驱动滑轮或惰轮相对的从动滑轮。皮带转动滑轮16，其同样地转动风扇毂14和转子22。从而，转子22和叶片24作为单个叶片泵100操作。因此，单个滑轮16将运动从皮带转移至风扇毂14和叶片泵100。应进一步理解，虽然将转子22示出为与从动风扇滑轮集成，但是转子22可与任何前端辅助驱动滑轮或类似的链驱动部件(例如，水泵、油泵、燃料泵、交流发电机、动力转向泵和空气压缩机)集成。
此外，风扇的旋转与叶片泵100的转子22的旋转是一对一的关系。叶片泵的其它实施方式由比风扇滑轮小或大的不同滑轮驱动。因此，这种叶片泵相对于风扇以增加或减小的速度旋转。给定公共的发动机RPM，叶片泵100的转子22相对于由较小滑轮供以动力的泵以减小的速度旋转。减小的旋转速度允许泵输出部分地由簧片阀86调节。簧片阀86是无动力的阀。簧片阀86减少进入泵100的空气/油的回流。进入泵100的油/空气混合物的回流导致低效率并由此导致更大的负载。更低速度的旋转导致更小的内摩擦，并由此导致更小的附加负载。因此，当与有动力的阀(该阀对于以更大的RPM操作的泵来说，有时是必须的)相比时，簧片阀86需要更少的能量，并提供更小的附加负载。
虽然未描绘出，但是也可在进气口72安装旁路路径。旁路路径允许启动涡轮增压器中的压缩机旁通阀。在这种实施方式中，进气口72与压缩机旁通阀和制动加速器接合。
因此，机体20和通常集成的系统10提供许多功能，其：1)提供可用来帮助动力制动或其它的真空；2)通过离合器啮合驱动风扇；3)对皮带提供支撑前端辅助驱动的表面；4)密封发动机12的前部；5)支撑惰轮；6)位于发动机螺栓(stud)上；以及7)提供压缩机旁通阀和制动加速器的同步动力供应。
虽然已将本公开描述为具有示意性设计，但是，可在本公开的精神和范围内进一步修改本公开内容。因此，该申请旨在覆盖使用其一般原理的公开内容的任何变型、使用或适应。此外，此申请旨在覆盖在本公开所属的领域中已知的或通常习惯的这种与本公开的背离。

Claims (6)

1.一种风扇毂和泵的集成系统，包括：
机体，在其中具有泵室，所述泵室具有第一周界；
滑轮，具有第二周界和旋转轴线；以及
发动机壳体，在其中具有被构造为容纳所述泵室的前盖孔，所述前盖孔具有第三周界；当沿着所述旋转轴线观察时，所述第二周界和所述第三周界重叠，以限定所述第二周界和第三周界公共具有的重叠部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的集成系统，其中，所述第一周界位于所述重叠部分内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的集成系统，其中，所述第一周界基本上在所述重叠部分中内接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的集成系统，其中，所述第一周界基本上是圆形的。
5.根据权利要求4所述的集成系统，其中，所述第二周界和所述第三周界基本上是圆形的，所述第一周界、第二周界和第三周界分别限定第一周界中心点、第二周界中心点和第三周界中心点，所述第一周界中心点、第二周界中心点和第三周界中心点基本上是共线的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的集成系统，进一步包括设置在所述泵室中的转子，所述转子具有与所述滑轮共有的旋转轴线。
CN200880123569.XA 2007-12-31 2008-12-22 集成有风扇毂的真空泵系统 Expired - Fee Related CN101910644B (zh)

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