CN101888212B - Circuit structure capable of increasing linearity and power added efficiency of power amplifier - Google Patents
Circuit structure capable of increasing linearity and power added efficiency of power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circuit structure capable of increasing the linearity and power added efficiency of a power amplifier. The power amplifier is provided with an input transistor and an output transistor which are in cascode to form the power amplifier with the Cascode structure; a second harmonic series resonant network used for inhibiting the output of second harmonic signals is connected between the collector of the output transistor and the ground; and a third harmonic parallel resonant network used for reflecting the third harmonic signals back to the collector is connected between the collector of the output transistor and an output matching network. The second harmonic series resonant network and the third harmonic parallel resonant network can both be used to increase the linearity and power added efficiency of the power amplifier with the common structure. The base of the output transistor is connected with a second harmonic parallel resonant network composed of a fundamental wave series resonant network and a capacitor. The resonant networks can be used to control harmonic signals, thus inhibiting the output of harmonic signals and increasing the linearity and power added efficiency of the power amplifier.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit structure that improves power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency.
Background technology
Power amplifier is the assembly of a key in the wireless communication system, the focus that its linearity and efficient are paid close attention to always.Along with 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system) (like WCDMA, development CDMA2000), linearity modulation technique is more and more by extensive employing.Can the linearity of power amplifier be transmitted amplified data signal without distortion for communication system and play crucial effects.The linearity of power amplifier is good more then to be not easy to produce distortion and distortion through amplifier amplifying signal waveform more, thereby input data signal is amplified ideally and exports.In addition, the efficient of power amplifier also is the emphasis of another research.The power consumption of power amplifier accounts for 1/3 of the radio communication emission system power consumption be made up of it, improves its efficient and has important function for the efficient that improves whole emission system.For base station, this type of radar high-power wireless communications transmit system, raise the efficiency the power that can reduce its loss, improve emission system to rate of energy; And mobile phone etc. is utilized battery or battery-driven emission system, raise the efficiency and can make these equipment task times longer.Consider the efficient and the linearity importance, at present, how to make power amplifier under the situation that satisfies the high linearity requirement, have the emphasis that higher efficient becomes research power amplifier.
Improve the main several method of power amplifier linearity at present and comprise feed-forward technique, feedback technique and envelope elimination and recovery technology etc.Though feedforward and feedback technique can effectively improve the linearity of power amplifier, it can greatly reduce the power added efficiency (PAE) of power amplifier.Though envelope elimination and recovery technology can not influence the efficient of power amplifier when improving power amplifier linearity, circuit structure that should technology adopted is very complicated, does not utilize the design to circuit, and the cost that circuit is made increases.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: a kind of circuit structure that improves power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency is provided; Make under the situation that does not increase the power amplifier quiescent dissipation; The harmonic wave that had both strengthened power amplifier suppresses, and has significantly improved the linearity and the power added efficiency of power amplifier again.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of circuit structure that improves power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency; Said power amplifier is provided with input transistors and output transistor; Their strings stack and constitute the Cascode structure; Be connected with the second harmonic series resonance network that suppresses second harmonic signal output between the collector electrode of said output transistor and the ground, be connected with triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network between the collector electrode of said output transistor and the output matching network harmonic signal reflected back collector electrode.Utilize resonant network that harmonic signal is controlled, thereby suppress harmonic signal output, improve the linearity and the power added efficiency of power amplifier.
Further, in the circuit structure of above-mentioned raising power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency, said second harmonic series resonance network comprises collector electrode and the 4th electric capacity between the ground and second inductance that is connected in series in said output transistor; Be collector electrode, the output head grounding of the input connection output transistor of second harmonic series resonance network, it is shorted to ground with the second harmonic signal of collector electrode output.
Further; In the circuit structure of above-mentioned raising power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency, said triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network comprises the 5th electric capacity and the 3rd inductance before the output port output matching network of the collector electrode that is connected in parallel in said output transistor and power amplifier; The input that is the triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network connects the collector electrode of output transistor, the output matching network that output connects power amplifier, and it is to the harmonic signal open circuit of collector electrode output, with harmonic signal reflected back collector electrode.
Between the output of above-mentioned triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network and power amplification circuit, be provided with output capacitance and output matching network.
Further, in the circuit structure of above-mentioned raising power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency, said power amplifier circuit is Cascode (cascode) structure that comprises cascode input transistors and cobasis output transistor.Certainly; In the power amplifier circuit of other type; Between the collector electrode of output transistor and output port, also can connect above-mentioned second harmonic series resonance network and triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network, reach the linearity that improved power amplifier and the purpose of power added efficiency.
Further; In the circuit structure of above-mentioned raising power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency; Be connected with the second harmonic series resonant network between the base stage of the output transistor of said Cascode structure and the ground, the base stage of the input termination output transistor of promptly said second harmonic series resonant network, output head grounding; It has improved the gain of fundamental frequency signal, has suppressed second harmonic signal.
Further, in the circuit structure of above-mentioned raising power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency, said second harmonic series resonant network comprises base stage and second electric capacity between the ground and the fundamental frequency series resonance network that is connected in output transistor in parallel.
Further, in the circuit structure of above-mentioned raising power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency, said fundamental frequency series resonance network comprises first inductance and the 3rd electric capacity that is connected in series.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. the present invention can be used for improving the linearity and the power added efficiency of other type power amplifier in second harmonic series resonance network and triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network that Cascode structure power amplifier output transistor collector electrode connects successively.
2. Cascode circuit of the present invention connects the second harmonic series resonant network in the base stage of output transistor, has improved the Cascode circuit to the gain of fundamental frequency signal and suppress the gain of Cascode circuit to second harmonic signal.
3. Cascode circuit of the present invention can be used for suppressing the nth harmonic signal in the second harmonic series resonant network that base stage connected of output transistor.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a specific embodiment of the invention second harmonic series resonant network effect sketch map;
Fig. 3 is the schematic network structure that the output transistor collector electrode of the specific embodiment of the invention connects;
Fig. 4 is the waveform sketch map behind the output transistor collector electrode output voltage stack triple-frequency harmonics of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is that the collector current waveform of the output transistor collector electrode output stack triple-frequency harmonics front and back of the specific embodiment of the invention compares sketch map.
Wherein: C1 first electric capacity; C2 second electric capacity; C3 the 3rd electric capacity; C4 the 4th electric capacity; C5 the 5th electric capacity; The C6 capacitance; L1 first inductance; L2 second inductance; L3 the 3rd inductance; The Q1 input transistors; The Q2 output transistor; R1 resistance.
Embodiment
Embodiment: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2; Present embodiment is a kind of Cascode power amplifier circuit; Said Cascode power amplifier comprises input transistors Q1 and output transistor Q2; The base stage of said input transistors Q1 connects the input port of power amplifier, between the base stage of input port and input transistors, also is connected with first capacitor C 1, the grounded emitter of input transistors Q1, collector electrode and output transistor Q2 emitter connect.The base stage of said output transistor Q2 connects the input of second harmonic series resonant network, the output head grounding of said second harmonic series resonant network; The collector electrode of said output transistor Q2 is connected with the output port of power amplifier through behind secondary, triple-frequency harmonics resonant network and the output matching network successively.
Said second harmonic series resonant network comprises second capacitor C 2 and fundamental frequency series resonance network between the base stage that is connected in output transistor Q2 in parallel and the ground; This network parallel resonance is at the secondary resonant frequency point.Said fundamental frequency series resonance network comprises first inductance L 1 and the 3rd capacitor C 3 that is connected in series, and this network series resonance is at the fundamental resonance Frequency point.
As shown in figures 1 and 3; Said secondary and triple-frequency harmonics resonant network comprise second harmonic series resonance network and the triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network that input is connected with the collector electrode of said output transistor Q2 respectively; The output head grounding of said second harmonic series resonance network, the output of said triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network is connected with the output port of power amplifier after connecting output matching network and capacitance C6.
Said second harmonic series resonance network comprises collector electrode and the 4th capacitor C 4 between the ground and second inductance L 2 that is connected in series in said output transistor Q2, and this network series resonance is at the secondary resonant frequency point.
Said triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network comprises the 5th capacitor C 5 and the 3rd inductance L 3 between the output matching network of the collector electrode that is connected in parallel in said output transistor Q2 and power amplifier, and this network parallel resonance is at three resonant frequency points.
The high frequency small-signal equivalent model of output transistor Q2 is as shown in Figure 2.Can find out that by this figure the transistor collector output current is by mutual conductance g
mWith r
Be ', r
Bb 'Last institute gets voltage u
BeDecision is at g
mUnder the situation about remaining unchanged, u
BeSize determined the size that voltage-controlled current source is current generated.Can find out r by Fig. 2
Be ', r
Bb 'Series connection is carried out dividing potential drop, r with the equiva lent impedance of second harmonic series resonant network to the AC signal that amplifies through input transistors Q1
Be 'With r
Bb 'It is u that last institute gets voltage
Be
For fundamental frequency signal, the fundamental frequency series resonance network resonance in the second harmonic series resonant network, its impedance is minimum value R1.At this moment, what the equivalence of second harmonic series resonant network was R1 with second capacitor C 2 is parallelly connected, because R1 is far smaller than the size of second capacitor C, 2 reactance, the impedance of this network is mainly determined by R1.Because second harmonic series resonant network institute equiva lent impedance diminishes u
BeBe improved, so increase the gain that has improved fundamental signal by the fundamental current of grounded-base transistor Q2 collector electrode output.
For second harmonic signal, second harmonic series resonant network parallel resonance, this network equivalent impedance is a maximum.At this moment, u
BeReduce.So the second harmonic current by the output of output transistor Q2 collector electrode reduces, second harmonic signal is inhibited.
As shown in Figure 3, the AC signal after output transistor Q2 amplifies in the present embodiment arrives output matching network through the triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network by the collector electrode output of output transistor Q2 after second harmonic series resonance network is to its filtering.Second harmonic series resonance network is shorted to ground with second harmonic signal, has suppressed second harmonic effectively, makes the amplitude of the second harmonic component in the output transistor Q2 collector voltage very little, can be similar to and ignore, and has improved the linearity of power amplifier.
In addition; Guaranteeing under the situation of fundamental frequency series resonance network resonance at fundamental signal; Adjust the value of first inductance L 1, second capacitor C 2 and the 3rd capacitor C 3, can make second harmonic series resonant network parallel resonance, thereby suppress the gain of nth harmonic signal in required nth harmonic frequency.Suppress the nth harmonic signal network the formula that will satisfy be:
In this formula, fo is a fundamental frequency, and fn is the nth harmonic frequency.
Equivalence is open circuit to the triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network as far as triple-frequency harmonics, with harmonic signal reflected back collector electrode.As shown in Figure 4, the 3rd inductance L 3 and the 5th capacitor C 5 in the adjustment triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network, can make third-harmonic component and fundametal compoment at collector electrode with superimposed, make output transistor Q2 collector electrode output voltage waveforms become the shape of similar square wave.As shown in Figure 5; The triple-frequency harmonics of stack is reworked in the amplification region transistor that gets into saturation region operation; Improved the amplitude of the collector current that originally caves in, thereby improved the power output and the power added efficiency of power amplifier owing to transistor is saturated.
In addition, the triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network has suppressed the output of harmonic signal, has improved the linearity of power amplifier.
In sum, the fundamental frequency series resonance network in the second harmonic series resonant network has improved the gain of power amplifier to fundamental frequency signal.Second harmonic parallel network and second harmonic series network have effectively suppressed the amplification and the output of second harmonic signal, have improved the linearity of Cascode power amplifier.Harmonic signal is by after the triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network reflection, with superimposed, makes the collector voltage waveform become the shape of similar square wave at the collector electrode of Cascode amplifier grounded-base transistor and fundamental signal.Because the change of collector voltage waveform, the amplitude of collector current is improved, thereby has improved the power output and the power added efficiency of power amplifier.In addition, the triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network suppresses harmonic signal and is transferred to load, has improved the linearity of power amplifier.
The present invention controls harmonic signal through the series-parallel network that utilizes electric capacity and inductance; Under the situation that does not increase the power amplifier quiescent dissipation; Both improve the power output and the power added efficiency of power amplifier, significantly improved the linearity of power amplifier again.
Claims (3)
1. circuit structure that improves power amplifier linearity and power added efficiency; Said power amplifier is provided with output transistor (Q2); It is characterized in that: be connected with the second harmonic series resonance network that suppresses second harmonic signal output between the collector electrode of said output transistor (Q2) and the ground, be connected with triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network between the collector electrode of said output transistor (Q2) and the output matching network harmonic signal reflected back collector electrode;
Said second harmonic series resonance network comprises collector electrode from said output transistor (Q2) to the 4th electric capacity (C4) of connecting the ground and second inductance (L2), and resonance is to second harmonic;
Said triple-frequency harmonics series resonant network comprises the 5th electric capacity (C5) and the 3rd inductance (L3) from the collector electrode of said output transistor (Q2) to parallel connection the output matching network of power amplifier, and resonance is to triple-frequency harmonics;
Said power amplifier circuit is the folded Cascode structure that constitutes of output transistor (Q2) string by input transistors of cascode (Q1) and cobasis;
The base stage of the output transistor of said Cascode structure (Q2) is connected with the second harmonic series resonant network that improves the fundamental frequency signal gain and suppress second harmonic signal output.
2. the circuit structure of raising power amplifier linearity according to claim 1 and power added efficiency; It is characterized in that: said second harmonic series resonant network comprises second electric capacity (C2) and the fundamental frequency series resonance network from the base stage of output transistor (Q2) to parallel connection the ground, and resonance is to second harmonic.
3. the circuit structure of raising power amplifier linearity according to claim 2 and power added efficiency is characterized in that: said fundamental frequency series resonance network comprises from said output transistor (Q2) to the 3rd electric capacity (C3) and first inductance (L1) of connecting successively the ground.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102291092B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | Inverse class-F power amplifier |
| CN105471395B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2018-07-27 | 天工方案公司 | The compression control adjusted by power amplifier load |
| US9698736B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2017-07-04 | Skyworks Solutions, Inc. | Compression control through power amplifier load adjustment |
| CN106253866A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-21 | 苏州能讯高能半导体有限公司 | A kind of power amplifier |
| CN108923755B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2022-01-28 | 合肥工业大学 | Small direct current feed inductance class E power amplifier with voltage reduction load circuit |
| CN110138350A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-16 | 杭州中科微电子有限公司 | A kind of power amplifier with harmonic suppression circuit |
| CN111416586A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-14 | 杭州易百德微电子有限公司 | Load structure and radio frequency amplifier formed by same |
| CN113054918B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳大学 | Power amplifier circuit and microwave transmission equipment |
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| EP0547871A1 (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-06-23 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Improvements in or relating to amplifiers |
| WO2002050996A2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Compact cascode radio frequency cmos power amplifier |
| WO2009060264A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Integrated circuit having harmonic termination circuitry |
| CN101674051A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-03-17 | 锐迪科微电子（上海）有限公司 | Method for improving efficiency of radio frequency power amplifier and radio frequency power amplifier circuit |
| CN201726362U (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-01-26 | 苏州英诺迅科技有限公司 | Circuit structure for improving linearity and PAE of power amplifier |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5085179B2 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2012-11-28 | 株式会社東芝 | Class F amplifier circuit |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0547871A1 (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-06-23 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Improvements in or relating to amplifiers |
| WO2002050996A2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Compact cascode radio frequency cmos power amplifier |
| WO2009060264A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Integrated circuit having harmonic termination circuitry |
| CN101674051A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-03-17 | 锐迪科微电子（上海）有限公司 | Method for improving efficiency of radio frequency power amplifier and radio frequency power amplifier circuit |
| CN201726362U (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-01-26 | 苏州英诺迅科技有限公司 | Circuit structure for improving linearity and PAE of power amplifier |
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