CN101878095A - 手持式工具机 - Google Patents

手持式工具机 Download PDF

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CN101878095A
CN101878095A CN2008801183430A CN200880118343A CN101878095A CN 101878095 A CN101878095 A CN 101878095A CN 2008801183430 A CN2008801183430 A CN 2008801183430A CN 200880118343 A CN200880118343 A CN 200880118343A CN 101878095 A CN101878095 A CN 101878095A
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bearer ring
ring
bearing block
groove
bearer
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CN101878095B (zh
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T·施托姆
F·艾歇尔罗特
B·黑格曼
T·伯恩哈特
H·吕布扎门
A·施莱格尔
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25DPERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25DPERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/062Means for driving the impulse member comprising a wobbling mechanism, swash plate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25DPERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/06Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/02Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of sliding-contact bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25DPERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/065Details regarding assembling of the tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25DPERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/225Serrations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00Shaping
    • F16C2220/60Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining
    • F16C2220/70Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining by grinding
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00Shaping
    • F16C2220/80Shaping by separating parts, e.g. by severing, cracking
    • F16C2220/84Shaping by separating parts, e.g. by severing, cracking by perforating; by punching; by stamping-out

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)

Abstract

手持式工具机,具有安装到轴承座(18)中的轴承环(19),轴承座(18)和轴承环(19)具有相互重合的、被空出的环扇段(17),其中,所述轴承环的环扇段(17)通过折断出轴承环(19)的圆周区段(22)构成,所述圆周区段通过预定断裂部位(20)限定。

Description

手持式工具机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前述部分的手持式工具机,以及为此的装配方法。
背景技术
从实践中已知前面所述类型的手持式工具机,该手持式工具机具有在轴承环中导向的输出件,该轴承环安置在环形包围的轴承座中。轴承座的包围轴承环的部分通过中间法兰的被输出件通穿的颈部的自由端部构成。在输出件上的用于驱动和/或与装配连接的径向嵌接,由于轴承环和轴承座的封闭的构造只能是在轴承座的区域的外部。这损害装配可能性以及从驱动侧嵌接在输出件上的可能性并且在中间法兰的区域中定位驱动嵌接时对于中间法兰前提是相应的结构长度。
没有公开的德国的专利申请DE 10 2007 014 758已经提出,对于手持式工具机在重合处对置的凹槽的环扇段处构造用于呈开口环形的用于输出件的轴承座和轴承环。
发明内容
参照前面所述类型的手持式工具机,本发明基于这样的任务,即扩大对输出件的访问可能性
Figure GPA00001142078900011
而不对在轴承座中的轴承环的安装造成困难和/或损坏用于输出件的轴承环的导向质量。
根据本发明,这在根据权利要求1的手持式工具机上并且通过根据权利要求4的用于这样的手持式工具机的装配方法实现。
在根据本发明的手持式工具机上,呈敞开环形的轴承座和轴承环构造了相互重叠的、被空出的环扇段,轴承环的空出的环扇段这样构造,即从该轴承环中分离出特别是折断出通过分隔部位特别是预定断裂部位限定的圆周区段。
该轴承环的这种构造使得,不只制造该轴承环作为封闭的轴承环,而且适配地将该轴承环置入到围绕的圆形的或椭圆形的轴承座中,使得该轴承环尽管有由制造和/或材料引起的固有应力而以其预定形状被装入轴承座中,并且当通过移除特别是通过折断出由预给定的分隔部位特别是预定断裂部位限界的圆周区段而产生开口的环形时,该轴承环基于在轴承座中的支承,还保持该在制造中产生的并且按照在轴承座中保持形状的支承部来设计的形状。
因此对该装配给出如对于封闭的轴承环那样的相同的前提条件,相应地以确定的尺寸比例为前提,该轴承环相应于各个给出的配合地能无阻碍地置入到轴承座中。在轴承环中的可能的由材料或制造引起的固有应力—这些固有应力在开口的环形时能够导致与预给定的预定形状的偏差—对装配不起作用并且最后即使在折断出通过预定断裂部位限定的圆周区段后对用于输出件的轴承环的导向质量的损坏程度不产生影响,因为用于现在已开口的轴承环的轴承座构成了保持形状的支承,该支承必要时即使对于在轴承座中的轴承环的形状锁合的固定也是足够的。为了这样一个固定,特别是为了轴承环的扭转止动的安置,必要时也能够附加地特别是测向地也设置槽口,这些槽口与相应的从轴承座一方设置的配合件确保所需要的固定,必要时也确保轴承环的轴向定位。
根据本发明的装配方法特别是对于轴承环是符合目的的,该轴承环优选作为滑动轴承环由脆的、尤其是脆断性的材料组成作为这些材料特别是可考虑烧结材料或者其它的易于脆断的材料,对于这些材料,在制造中也可能产生固有应力,这些固有应力在轴承环断裂的状态下可能引起与预定形状的偏差。
此外本发明涉及这样的轴承环,该轴承环具有通过分隔部位特别是预定断裂部位限界的并且待分离出的、特别是待折断出的环段,该轴承环特别是可使用在前面所述类型的手持式工具机中,并且结合前面所述类型的装配方法,虽然设计用作敞开的轴承环,但该轴承环被封闭地制成并且由此也由这样的材料构成,对于这些材料如烧结材料,在制造中产生固有应力,这些固有应力在被空出的、即敞开的轴承环上可能引起该轴承环变形。
在本发明的范围中,这些预定断裂部位能够通过在轴承环的内圆周和/或外圆周中设置的凹部构成,必要时能构成相互重叠的凹槽,使得只留下相对薄的连接片。
与单侧地特别是内侧地设置的凹槽相结合,可以符合目的地在轴承环的外圆周上在与各个凹槽重合的重合区域中设置增厚部,以便在制造中尽管所述凹槽也实现连续的基本上保持相同的材料横截面。在制造后,即例如在烧结材料的情况下被压紧后,该增厚部能通过磨削、车削等加工方法以简单的方式切除。
关于轴承环的防转动,能够符合目的地给该轴承环设置端侧的凹入部,对这些凹入部在相应的轴承座上配置相应的配合凸起。
附图说明
其它的优点和符合目的的构造从权利要求、附图描述和图中得出。附图示出:
图1在简化示图中作为根据本发明构型的手持式工具机实施例的锤钻,
图2在立体示图中的锤钻的中间法兰,该中间法兰末端在其刀具侧的端部上具有轴承环,该轴承环具有用于轴承环的轴承座,该轴承环导向与刀具连接的输出件,
图3和4在立体图和前视图中的轴承环的示图,
图5在图4中的凹口V的方法的示图,
图6在俯视图中的轴承环的放大的局部示图,在该示图中轴承环的内侧的凹入的区域向外增厚,并且
图7该轴承环的另一立体图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示意地示出一种作为手持式工具机的锤钻,该锤钻在其与手柄2的相反的刀具侧的加工端3上具有与输出件4对应配置的刀具夹。该输出件4由锤管5构成,该锤管在相对于刀具夹的尾侧接收了振荡地,特别是往复运动地振荡地被驱动的锤活塞6,并且该锤管在其远离刀具夹的端部通过支承部位7支承在中间法兰9的颈部8上。该中间法兰9具有基板10,该基板与设置为驱动装置的E马达12的输出侧的顶板11连接,该E马达的输出轴13驱动中间轴14。该中间轴14通过摆动轴承承载摆动指形件16,该摆动指形件伸过中间法兰9的颈部8作用在锤活塞6上。相应于该摆动运动、即该摆动指形件的往复摆动运动地,该被摆动指形件16伸过的环形的颈部8根据图2至少在其长度的主要部分上在环扇段17被开槽,其中该槽也在支承部位7的区域上延伸,该支承部位设置在颈部8的与中间法兰9的基板10相反的端部上。该支承部位7通过在颈部8上设置的并且相对于颈部8向外阶梯地偏移的轴承座18构成,在该轴承座中安置轴承环19,其中,在根据图2的示图中该空出的环扇段17在颈部8和支承部位7上以基本上相同的走势贯穿地示出。
在中间法兰9方面,相应于环扇段17的圆周区段能够常规地在制造中,例如在压铸过程中构造。也可以从中间法兰9的首先封闭地制造的颈部8中事后地分割出,特别是加工出或者折断出相应于空出的环扇段17的圆周区段。
在通过空出的环扇段17而敞开的轴承座18中轴向地安置轴承环19,具体地说作为封闭的轴承环,该轴承环的与轴承座18的空出的圆周区段相重合的圆周区段22通过分隔部位特别是预定断裂部位20来限定,如它们与封闭的轴承环有关地在图3至图7中形象地被说明。在根据图3的示图中轴承环19的空出的环扇段17通过圆周区段22构成,该圆周区段通过楔形的凹槽21限界并且折断出。
轴承环19如轴承座那样可以是圆形或者椭圆形,该轴承环首先在轴承座18中以封闭的环被装入并且在安置待被折断出的圆周区段22时与轴承环18的空出的环扇段17相重合地被装入,具体地说优选适配地装入,使得给轴承环19提供保持形状的支承,只在空出的环扇段17的区域中缺少该支承,并且该支承环19的圆周区段22沿着预定断裂部位20折断并且能够从环形连接中脱出,而不会由此破坏该轴承环19的形状稳定性。
图3至5形象地说明了作为分隔部位设置的预定断裂部位20构成为锐角的凹槽21,如特别是根据图5示出的放大的示图,其中,在与轴承座18的圆周形状相对应的轴承环19中只存在相对小的壁厚。根据图4中的示图该凹槽角优选为60到80度。
如果通过大大地消减轴承环19的壁厚的楔形凹槽21或者也通过流线形的、圆形的或者槽形的有角的凹处得到的预定断裂部位20的这种构型在轴承环19的制造中导致困难,这特别是在轴承环19的铸造或者烧结时可能会有这样的情况,根据本发明如在图6中示出,该与每个特别是楔形的凹槽21相对的圆周区域设置有增厚部23,使得即使在凹槽21的区域中首先通过该增厚部23给出相应于轴承环19的其它壁厚的壁横截面。该为了置入在轴承座18中而需要的、增厚部23的去除能够随后进行,例如通过磨削、车削等,使得在切除增厚部23后对于仍然封闭的轴承环19的制造产生的构型能够如前面所描述地在轴承座18中置入轴承环19。
基本上还存在这种可能性,只在与要被折断出的圆周区域重合的区域中切除该增厚部23,并且由此在到轴承环19上的被空出的圆周区域22上的过渡部中构造出突出部,这些突出部通过径向地伸过或者作用在轴承座18中确保轴承环19的防转动。
也可以以其它的方式实现防转动,例如根据图7通过在轴承环上的端侧的空出部24实现,与这些空出部对应的对应凸起设置在轴承座上,它们没有示出。

Claims (14)

1.手持式工具机,特别是锤凿和/或锤钻,具有接收刀具的输出件(4),该输出件在轴承环(19)中被导向,该轴承环设置在一围绕的轴承座(18)中,其特征在于,该轴承座(18)和该轴承环(19)构造成敞开的环形,所述敞开的环形具有相互重合的、被空出的环扇段(17),所述轴承环(19)的圆周区段(22)构成所述轴承环的被空出的环扇段(17),所述圆周区段通过分隔部位(预定断裂部位20)限定并且被分离出。
2.根据权利要求1的手持式工具机,其特征在于,所述敞开的轴承环(19)保持形状地被所述圆形的或者椭圆形的轴承座(18)接收。
3.根据权利要求1或2的手持式工具机,其特征在于,所述敞开的轴承环(19)配合地、特别是形状锁合地保持在所述轴承座(18)中。
4.用于特别是根据前述权利要求之一的手持式工具机的装配方法,该手持式工具机具有设置在环形的轴承座(18)中的轴承环(19),其特征在于,将所述轴承环(19)以封闭的环形置入到所述构造成敞开的环形的、具有被空出的环扇段(17)的轴承座(18)中,从置入到所述轴承座(18)中的所述轴承环(19)中分离出、特别是折断出通过分隔部位(预定断裂部位20)限定的、与所述轴承座(18)的所述被空出的环扇段(17)重叠的圆周区段(22)。
5.轴承环,特别是用于根据权利要求1至3之一的手持式工具机,所述轴承环能置入轴承座(18)中,其特征在于,该轴承环(19)具有通过分隔部位(预定断裂部位20)限定的并且待被分离出的圆周区段(22)。
6.根据权利要求5的轴承环,其特征在于,所述轴承环(19)具有预定断裂部位(20)作为用于所述圆周区段(22)的分隔部位,所述圆周区段(22)能被折断出。
7.根据权利要求5或6的轴承环,其特征在于,所述预定断裂部位(20)通过在所述轴承环(19)的内圆周和/或外圆周中设置的凹槽(21)构成。
8.根据权利要求7的轴承环,其特征在于,所述设置在所述轴承环(19)的内圆周和/或外圆周中的凹槽(21)相互相反地、特别是相互对称地相反地设置。
9.根据权利要求7的轴承环,其特征在于,所述轴承环(19)在相对其设置在内圆周上的所述凹槽(21)中的至少一个的重合区域中在外侧上增厚。
10.根据权利要求9的轴承环,其特征在于,增厚部(23)在轮廓走向上跟随所述凹槽(21)的轮廓。
11.根据权利要求10的轴承环,其特征在于,所述轴承环(19)在所述凹槽(21)的区域中的壁厚通过与所述凹槽(21)重叠的所述增厚部(23)是近似相等的。
12.根据权利要求5至11之一的轴承环,其特征在于,所述凹槽(21)构造成角槽、特别是锐角的角槽。
13.根据权利要求5至12之一的轴承环,其特征在于,所述轴承环(19)为了防转动地设置在所述轴承座(18)中设置有端侧的空出部(24)、特别是槽。
14.根据权利要求5至13之一的轴承环,其特征在于,所述轴承环(19)由脆断性的材料组成,特别是通过烧结金属体构成。
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DE102007057453A1 (de) 2009-06-04
US8561714B2 (en) 2013-10-22
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