CN101876723A - Sensing fiber used in reflective all-fiber current sensor - Google Patents
Sensing fiber used in reflective all-fiber current sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101876723A CN101876723A CN2009102621072A CN200910262107A CN101876723A CN 101876723 A CN101876723 A CN 101876723A CN 2009102621072 A CN2009102621072 A CN 2009102621072A CN 200910262107 A CN200910262107 A CN 200910262107A CN 101876723 A CN101876723 A CN 101876723A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensing fiber used in a reflective all-fiber current sensor. The sensing fiber comprises a polarization-preserving fiber, wherein the polarization-preserving fiber comprises a non-rotating section, a rotation-starting section and a uniform rotation section in turn; and a reflective film is plated at the tail end of the uniform rotation section. The sensing fiber has the characteristics of simple manufacturing and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sensor fibre in a kind of current sensor, specifically, is that a kind of high-voltage circuit that is used for is measured big electric current and carried out sensor fibre in the reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor of relay protection.
Background technology
In today of rapid economic development, the capacity of long Distance Transmission electric power sharply increases, and in order to reduce the loss of electric power transfer, improving transmission voltage is an effective way.In high-tension line, measure at present electric current and what carry out relay protection all is the current transformers that adopt by siliconized plate and enamel covered wire coiling.Along with improving constantly of line voltage distribution, this current transformer has run into great difficulty in insulation, and the quartz material itself of making optical fiber is exactly the good insulation performance body, so the current transformer made from optical fiber can use under high arbitrarily voltage in theory, is the ideal substitute of the present current transformer that uses.
All-fiber current transformator is a Faraday effect of utilizing optical fiber, and the form that adopts Sagnac (Sagnac) to interfere, and the sensor fibre of present this sensor all is made up of two parts, optical fiber quarter wave plate and circle polarization maintaining optical fibre.The optical fiber quarter wave plate, it is that the linearly polarized light in the transmission cable is converted to circularly polarized light; The circle polarization maintaining optical fibre, it is the sensing section optical fiber that utilizes the Faraday effect transducing signal, it has certain length usually, and fiber optic loop of coiled.Just passed this fiber optic loop by the electrical conductor of sense current, when having electric current to flow through in the electrical conductor, just produce magnetic field around it, make the circularly polarized light in the circle polarization-maintaining fiber coil produce certain phase change by this magnetic field of Faraday effect, again by the optical fiber quarter wave plate, the phase change of circularly polarized light is converted to the phase change of linearly polarized light, interfere the variation that detects this phase place by Sagnac at last, just measured the electric current that flows through in the electrical conductor.
The length that optical fiber quarter wave plate people generally adopt line polarization maintaining optical fibre 1/4 to clap length becomes rotation to be welded for 45 ° with the line polarization maintaining optical fibre of transmission cable, and the bat length of the line polarization maintaining optical fibre of commodity is generally 4 millimeter at present, so will its degree of accuracy of 45 ° of welding of optical fiber rotation of 1 millimeter be difficult to guarantee.Application number is 01112680.9, name is called and proposes in the patented claim of " broadband optical-fibre wave plate with multiple polarization state conversion functions " to utilize turn-knob optical fiber to make the optical fiber quarter wave plate, promptly adopt the line polarization maintaining optical fibre to make not knob of one end, then under the fiber fuse state, heating source along fiber length move and begin simultaneously optical fiber by slowly to fast rotational till high speed rotating, this turn-knob optical fiber can measure one at high speed turn-knob end and be similar to round circularly polarized light when not changeing end along major axes orientation injection linearly polarized light.Can certainly make above-mentioned optical fiber quarter wave plate with the method for rotation wire drawing with the polarization maintaining optical fibre base rod that makes, just this kind optical-fibre wave plate is requiring that linearly polarized light is transformed into ovality when being better than 0.9 circularly polarized light, at the necessary high speed rotating of the fast commentaries on classics end of fiber fuse, such high speed rotating can cause the very large loss of optical fiber, so such high speed rotating fiber segment can only have several centimetres length in practical application.
The circle polarization maintaining optical fibre also claims low two-fold optical fiber or ultra-low birefringence fiber.The eighties in last century just the someone propose a wire drawing limit, line polarization maintaining optical fibre base rod limit and rotate and make round polarization maintaining optical fibre, so this optical fiber is spun optical fiber again.Present this spun optical fiber has become serial commodity abroad, and the high energy of this spun optical fiber ovality reaches more than 0.8.(ovality is meant at optic fibre input end and injects circularly polarized light, measures the ratio of the luminous power of minimum and maximum two orthogonal directionss with analyzer at its output terminal).In order further to eliminate the residual birefringence in the ultra-low birefringence fiber, promptly improve the ovality of transmission light in the circle polarization maintaining optical fibre, application number is 01132102.4, name is called and proposes in the patented claim of " practical circular polarization state-maintaining fiber and preparation method thereof " to adopt the spun optical fiber of three stress to make round polarization maintaining optical fibre, even has the people to propose to adopt the spun optical fiber of many stress to make round polarization maintaining optical fibre.The spun optical fiber of three stress and many stress can reduce rotational speed greatly, thereby reduce the loss of optical fiber when fusion is rotated, and can transmit very round circularly polarized light, add aforesaid turn-knob optical fiber quarter wave plate or be the optical fiber quarter wave plate of 45 ° of welding, the two can form the comparatively ideal sensor fibre of fibre optic current sensor, but three stress and many stress optical fiber do not have commodity to buy at present, must oneself burn rod, wire drawing is made, and the complicated process of preparation of this optical fiber, must have these two expensive main equipments of polarization maintaining optical fibre bar machine and spin fiber wire drawing machine.Because this sensor fibre consumption is very few, so these two expensive plant factor are very low, causes the wasting of resources.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem that prior art exists, the present invention proposes a kind of sensor fibre that is used for reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor, and it is made simply, cost is low.
The formula of Faraday effect is:
Wherein H is by the magnetic field of sensing, and L is the fiber lengths that is subjected to sensing in the magnetic field, and V is Fil moral (Verdet) constant of optical fiber, and θ is the angle of light wave electric deflection in the optical fiber, and θ is exactly the phase place that light wave changes in circularly polarized light.Adopt same line polarization maintaining optical fibre, when optical fiber being carried out the fusion rotation with different rotating speeds, still can sensing magnetic field, only be when rotating speed reduces, the sensitivity in sensing magnetic field decreases, and in other words the optical fiber that rotating speed is high can transmit the big circularly polarized light of ovality, thereby has the German number in bigger Fil, the optical fiber that rotating speed is low can only transmit the little elliptically polarized light of ovality, then has the German number in less Fil.In fact when fiber fuse begins to run up, this transferred section optical fiber can sensing magnetic field, only the German number in Fil is very little, in a sensor fibre, work as rotational speed not simultaneously, do not influence the effect of sensing when promptly the German number in Fil of each segment optical fiber is different in same optical fiber, so can regard the German number in Fil as variable, following formula can be rewritten as
When sensing sensitivity is crossed when low, length L that can the proper extension sensor fibre compensates, the sensor fibre of fibre optic current sensor does not need the notion of the optical fiber quarter wave plate and the circle polarization maintaining optical fibre of use at present like this, what do not need also that many people pursue always does the optical fiber quarter wave plate to such an extent that linearly polarized light is transformed into the circularly polarized light conversion and gets better (as linearly polarized light being transformed into the circularly polarized light of ovality more than 0.9), and round polarization maintaining optical fibre (as adopting three stress or many stress spin fiber, they can transmit the circularly polarized light of ovality more than 0.95) with better guarantor's circle characteristic.
The present invention can be solved by the following technical programs:
The sensor fibre that is used for reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor comprises the line polarization maintaining optical fibre, and described line polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises the not section of rotation, a transferred section and an at the uniform velocity rotation section successively, is coated with reflectance coating at the terminal surface of described at the uniform velocity rotation section.
The segment length of at the uniform velocity rotating of the present invention is generally 1-3 rice, generally can not be less than 80 centimetres; Described reflectance coating can be a dielectric reflection film, also can be metallic reflective coating.
Owing to adopt above technical scheme, the present invention only needs the single line polarization maintaining optical fibre molten condition moving by not rotating beginning lentamente to middle low speed rotation along with heating source, and keep this middle and slow speed of revolution fusion spin fiber 1-3 rice substantially, last terminal surface at spin fiber plates reflectance coating and gets final product, and the ovality of polarized light does not require unified regulation yet in the rotational speed of fused optic fiber and the optical fiber.It all is sensor fibre that whole piece optical fiber begins to finishing from the fusion rotation, and not needing to distinguish which section is polarisation transformation optical fiber (wave plate optical fiber), and which section optical fiber is sensing section optical fiber (circle polarization maintaining optical fibre).
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1: when not changeing of this fusion spin fiber held its directions X main shaft of aligning to inject, its reflected light can become the Y direction main shaft output of the linearly polarized light of Y direction from quadrature the linearly polarized light of directions X.Equally the linearly polarized light of Y direction when not changeing end and aim at Y direction main shaft and inject, its reflected light can become the linearly polarized light of directions X and export at the directions X main shaft, the sensor fibre of this specific character is very suitable for being used in the reflection type optical fiber current sensor, and all has above-mentioned characteristic at this optical fiber that adopts different fusion rotational speeies to make.Just because of having found this phenomenon, just cause proposing adopting so simple method to make sensor fibre in the fibre optic current sensor.And this point also is that application number is 01112680.9, and name is called not to be mentioned when utilizing turn-knob optical fiber to make the optical fiber quarter wave plate in the patent of " broadband optical-fibre wave plate with multiple polarization state conversion functions ".
2: key concept is also different: do not need to transmit also sense current stably of circularly polarized light in sensing section optical fiber, this just greatly reduces the difficulty of making sensing section optical fiber, the notion that does not also need simultaneously the optical fiber quarter wave plate, this has just saved the optical fiber quarter wave plate, and this is difficult to the device of making, and the ovality of transmission light does not need unified regulation in the whole piece optical fiber.
3: Verdet constant is regarded as the German number in Fil of variable in whole piece optical fiber, its rotating speed in manufacturing process has instability slightly at transferred section optical fiber and at the uniform velocity rotation section optical fiber like this, does not also influence the operate as normal of sensor.
4: owing to reduced the rotating speed of optical fiber under molten condition, its loss can reduce greatly, and the yield rate that sensor fibre is made just improves greatly.
5: can buy commercially available linear birefringence optical fiber and come the fusion rotation to make, not need expensive system rod and wire-drawing equipment, make manufacturing cost reduce greatly.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1 section of rotation not; 2 transferred sections; 3 at the uniform velocity rotation sections; 4 reflectance coatings
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings below:
As shown in Figure 1, be used for the sensor fibre of reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor, comprise successively in the online polarization maintaining optical fibre and do not rotate section 1, transferred section 2 and at the uniform velocity rotation section 3, be coated with reflectance coating 4 at the terminal surface that at the uniform velocity rotates section 3.
The not section of rotation 1 of line polarization maintaining optical fibre is used for and transmission line guarantor polarisation cable welds axle, its length is any, as long as can weld just passable, transferred section 2 is that optical fiber is begun at the uniform velocity rotation by turn-off not when fusion, this section fiber lengths is usually at several centimetres to tens centimetres, at the uniform velocity rotation section optical fiber 3 is the rotations that remain a constant speed substantially, and its length is generally at 1-3 rice; Reflectance coating 4 can be a dielectric reflection film, also can be metallic reflective coating, as any metal such as gold, silver, aluminium, copper.
The present invention makes and can carry out like this: after commercially available line polarization maintaining optical fibre (can be the line polarization maintaining optical fibre of any stress birefrin type and how much birefringence modes) is removed overlay, carry out the fusion rotation on homemade fusion slewing.Heating optical fiber several seconds in advance, the optical fiber that runs up then also simultaneously moves heating source with constant speed along its length, optical fiber is by running up and slowly quickening rotation up to the speed of rotation average rate ground rotation with middle low speed, this section optical fiber is generally wanted several centimetres to tens centimetres, rotates the about 1-3 rice of fused optic fiber then evenly.Concrete how many rotating speeds are optimum, except will considering speed that heating source moves along optical fiber, depend primarily on the stability of this home-built equipment optical fiber when melting commentaries on classics optical fiber, if optical fiber is beated up and down and can be made then that terribly optical fiber loss behind molten the commentaries on classics is very big when molten the commentaries on classics, must reduce rotating speed this moment and reduce the speed that heating source moves simultaneously.Carefully adjust the speed that optical fiber rotating speed and heating source move, can make that the sensor fibre loss of making is less, and be elliptically polarized light what do not change that end measures at the end of spin fiber when the optical fiber main shaft injects linearly polarized light.Its ovality requires about 0.3-0.6.Rotating speed is low excessively, and ovality can cause sensing sensitivity to descend less than 0.3.Rotating speed is too high, and ovality though can improve sensing spirit lightness, may cause the excessive sensing that is unfavorable on the contrary of fibre loss greater than 0.6.And its position angle need not to consider.How much concrete length is will be considered also how many lowest high-current values of institute's sensing is.As maximum sense current is 2000A, and then the total length of spin fiber is just passable at 1-2 rice.Reduce as maximum sense current, then the total length of sensor fibre will extend to 3 meters.In order to make this molten optical fiber that revolves that certain intensity be arranged, after finishing, the fusion rotation also needs optical fiber is carried out The high temperature anneal.And coat overlay, on the terminal surface of spin fiber, plate reflectance coating at last, and the fiber optic loop about the about 12-16 of coiled diameter centimetre, be generally 2 to 4 circles, and preferably whole piece rotates section optical fiber coiled integer circle to improve anti-power frequency magnetic field interference capability.
Only need during use to protect inclined to one side transmission cable axle is welded not changeing end optical fiber and line.When the x of transmission cable directional ray polarized light enters spin fiber, become right-handed elliptical polarization light and (press the optical fiber different rotation rates, its ovality is generally 0.3-0.6), when this elliptically polarized light transmits in sensing section optical fiber, sense the magnetic field that electrical conductor produces by Faraday effect, and produce phase differential
This right-handed elliptical polarization light is rotated and becomes left-handed elliptically polarized light after the reflectance coating reflection of optical fiber connector and return, its same faraday's deflection angle theta that produces, and outgoing gets back to the linearly polarized light that becomes the y direction when line is protected the polarisation cable, and faraday's deflection phase place that this moment, it carried is 2 θ.After entering spin fiber, the linearly polarized light of line guarantor polarisation cable y direction becomes left-handed elliptically polarized light equally, and the phase differential that is also the carrying 2 θ linearly polarized light outgoing that becomes the x direction turns back to transmission line and protects in the polarisation cable, this x that returns then, the information that y direction polarized light is carrying 4 θ passes back to Sagnac interference loop by transmission cable, is detected the information of this 4 θ by optical interference circuit and photodetector.So just obtained the electric current of measured electrical conductor.
But above-mentioned embodiment is exemplary, is to be the restriction that this patent is comprised scope in order better to make those skilled in the art can understand this patent, can not to be interpreted as; So long as according to spirit that this patent discloses done anyly be equal to change or modify, all fall into the scope that this patent comprises.
Claims (4)
1. the sensor fibre that is used for reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor comprises the line polarization maintaining optical fibre, it is characterized in that: described line polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises the not section of rotation, a transferred section and an at the uniform velocity rotation section successively, is coated with reflectance coating at the terminal surface of described at the uniform velocity rotation section.
2. the sensor fibre that is used for reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described segment length of at the uniform velocity rotating is a 1-3 rice.
3. the sensor fibre that is used for reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described reflectance coating can be dielectric reflection film or metallic reflective coating.
4. the sensor fibre that is used for reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described metallic reflective coating can be aluminium, silver, gold, copper.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102621072A CN101876723A (en) | 2009-05-19 | 2009-12-15 | Sensing fiber used in reflective all-fiber current sensor |
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| CN200920072494.9 | 2009-05-19 | ||
| CN200920072494 | 2009-05-19 | ||
| CN2009102621072A CN101876723A (en) | 2009-05-19 | 2009-12-15 | Sensing fiber used in reflective all-fiber current sensor |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102393546A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-28 | 黄勇 | Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and through-type all-fiber current sensor |
| CN102929323A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-13 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Full fiber optic current sensor and current closed loop feedback correction method |
| CN103048512A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and Sagnac type all-fiber current transformer |
| US20130195395A1 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-01 | Yong Huang | Sensing fiber, coil of sensing fiber, and all-fiber current sensor |
| CN103630963A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-03-12 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Anti-interference current-sensing optical fiber and current-sensing optical-fiber ring made of same |
| CN103743675A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 宁波大学 | Optical fiber detector for measuring salinity and measurement device using optical fiber detector |
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| US4943132A (en) * | 1988-10-23 | 1990-07-24 | Huang Hung Chia | Passive fiber-optic polarization control |
| CN1383008A (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-12-04 | 黄宏嘉 | Broadband optical-fibre wave plate with multiple polarization state conversion functions |
| CN2638071Y (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-09-01 | 郭伟 | Reflection type sagnek interferometer full optical fiber electric current mulual induction device |
| CN201589873U (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-09-22 | 姚竑杰 | Sensing optical fiber for reflective all-fiber current sensor |
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2009
- 2009-12-15 CN CN2009102621072A patent/CN101876723A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4943132A (en) * | 1988-10-23 | 1990-07-24 | Huang Hung Chia | Passive fiber-optic polarization control |
| CN1383008A (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-12-04 | 黄宏嘉 | Broadband optical-fibre wave plate with multiple polarization state conversion functions |
| CN2638071Y (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-09-01 | 郭伟 | Reflection type sagnek interferometer full optical fiber electric current mulual induction device |
| CN201589873U (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-09-22 | 姚竑杰 | Sensing optical fiber for reflective all-fiber current sensor |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102393546A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-28 | 黄勇 | Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and through-type all-fiber current sensor |
| US20130195395A1 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-01 | Yong Huang | Sensing fiber, coil of sensing fiber, and all-fiber current sensor |
| CN102929323A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-13 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Full fiber optic current sensor and current closed loop feedback correction method |
| CN102929323B (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-07-16 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Full fiber optic current sensor and current closed loop feedback correction method |
| CN103048512A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and Sagnac type all-fiber current transformer |
| CN103630963A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-03-12 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Anti-interference current-sensing optical fiber and current-sensing optical-fiber ring made of same |
| CN103630963B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2016-04-13 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | A kind of anti-interference current sensor fibre and the current sense fiber optic loop be made up of it |
| CN103743675A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 宁波大学 | Optical fiber detector for measuring salinity and measurement device using optical fiber detector |
| CN103743675B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-04-27 | 宁波大学 | For salimity measurement fibre-optical probe and use the measurement mechanism of this fibre-optical probe |
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