CN103630963A - Anti-interference current-sensing optical fiber and current-sensing optical-fiber ring made of same - Google Patents
Anti-interference current-sensing optical fiber and current-sensing optical-fiber ring made of same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-interference current-sensing optical fiber. The sensing optical fiber is a double-refracting polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and the double-refracting polarization-maintaining optical fiber sequentially comprises a non-spiral area, a variable-speed spiral area and a constant-speed spiral area, wherein the tail end surface of the constant-speed spiral area is provided with a reflecting film, the variable-speed spiral area is in the shape of one ring or two rings, and the starting point and the ending point of the variable-speed spiral area are kept coincident at spatial positions. The invention also discloses a current-sensing optical-fiber ring made of the sensing optical fiber, wherein the tail end of the constant-speed spiral area and the starting point as well as the ending point of the variable-speed spiral area are kept coincident at the spatial positions. The anti-interference current-sensing optical fiber has the advantages of simple structure, light weight and easiness in realization, and the sensibility of the optical fiber at the variable-speed spiral area for an outside magnetic field can be inhibited to a great extent; the anti-interference current-sensing optical fiber is unrelated to the frequency of current or an electric field, so that the basic characteristics of the optical fiber at the variable-speed spiral area are equivalent to the characteristics of the optical fiber at the non-spiral area, and therefore the precision of a current transformer and the anti-interference property of the sensing optical-fiber ring are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to anti-interference sensor fibre and sensing fiber ring in a kind of current sensor, specifically belong to a kind of and measure electric current and carry out having in the reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor of relay protection sensor fibre or the sensing fiber ring of anti-outside electromagnetic interference for ultra-high-tension power transmission line.
Background technology
All-fiber current sensor (or claim mutual inductor), as one of key equipment of high voltage power transmission main line, has been subject to the increasing favor of International Power industry and has paid attention to.Domestic and international famous power equipment producer, as ，Shang Baijia enterprises such as ABB, Alstom ,Nan Swiss Airways sky, southern auspicious relay protection, Chinese DianKeYuans and R&D institution has all dropped into a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources are are competitively researched and developed.Although the even effort of more than ten years that process reaches several years, certain achievement and experience have been obtained, but, 2011 under the tissue of China national grid company, the mutual inductor of being presided over mainly (optical-fiber type) current transformer producer provides both at home and abroad by Wuhan high pressure research has carried out strict test, and the result of test shows that existing mutual inductor also has suitable distance and deficiency from practical application.Except the anti-electromagnetic interference performance of electrical appliance part of system is poor, also exist the overall performance of sensor unstable, the serious negative characteristics such as the large and temperature poor repeatability of noise in the situation of small-signal.From technical standpoint, these problems are mainly derived from sensing fiber ring.Therefore, how correct the and reliable current sense fiber optic loop of design and use becomes a very subject under discussion for core.
The disclosed content of utility model patent that is CN202614975U according to publication number, can obtain encircling by Faraday's law the phase place that internal magnetic field produces circularly polarized light and change and can be expressed as
effective faraday's induction coefficient that wherein S is this optical fiber, this coefficient is general relevant with the position of optical fiber; H is magnetic field intensity; L is the integration unit along fiber lengths.Suppose that current sense optical fiber is desirable can think so the location-independent of S and optical fiber uniformly, encircling like this phase place variation that internal magnetic field produces circularly polarized light can be reduced to
and for the magnetic field outside ring, because magnetic flux equals zero,
so being anti-outfield from theory, this design disturbs.
In addition,, if publication number is the birefringence current sense optical fiber with speed change helical region (being transferred section 2) described in CN201589873U and the ring property of making thereof, if this speed change Helical Fiber removes spiral, actual is exactly single line birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre.Take panda optic fibre as example, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 1, can be divided into San Ge district from function, and A district is for protecting linear polarization optical fiber, and the line polarization maintaining optical fibre of its left end generally and in signal processing system is welded together; B district is the birefringence fiber with speed change spiral, and its left end spiral speed is zero, and right-hand member spiral speed reaches the mxm. of setting, and its length is generally between 15 to 50 centimeters; C district is that spiral speed is the birefringence fiber of the even spiral of setting mxm., and its length is generally at 2-20 rice or longer.Optical fiber feature in Fig. 1 is clear description in patent document, at this, does simple description.Described B district's optical fiber and C district optical fiber all have Faraday effect, just the Faraday effect in B district increases with the increase of spiral speed, the effective faraday's induction coefficient that is B district is a parameter, and we can be made into as required with position linearity increases, as shown in Figure 1.And the Faraday effect in C district is constant, effectively faraday's induction coefficient is a constant.If form current sense ring with B district and C district optical fiber, the phase place that ring internal magnetic field produces light wave changes and can only be described as
because the effective faraday's induction coefficient of the normalization S of B district optical fiber changes along the length of B district optical fiber.According to the description of the preceding paragraph, the phase place that ring external magnetic field produces light wave changes like this
this current sense fiber optic loop made from this optical fiber of explanation is anti-external interference not.Although can improve by certain optimization some noiseproof features of current sense fiber optic loop, but from electric system, require 2/1000ths error precision apart from each other, with the length in B district and C district, (length of supposing B district optical fiber is B to its noiseproof feature, the length of C district optical fiber is C) ratio B/C reduce to strengthen, when B more than the order of magnitude, could reach the error precision of electric system requirement much smaller than C and difference reluctantly at three.
For this reason, patent CN202614975U has proposed to use magnetic field shielding pipe to solve the method for this problem, yet this technology still exists certain constraint in actual application.First, the screening ability of same magnetic field shielding pipe increases with the increase of field frequency, the shield effectiveness that is to say the magnetic field shielding pipe in high frequency is better, but for low frequency, particularly the shield effectiveness of direct current is poor, " skin effect " that this phenomenon is often said causes, even if test result shows magnetic field shielding pipe the effect of power frequency magnetic field shielding has been reached to 2/1000ths precision, but direct current is still existed to very large distance from such precision.Second, take specified power current as 1200A be example, for realizing 2/1000ths error precision, the wall thickness of magnetic field shielding pipe needs 2-3cm(diameter to reach 4-6cm), the magnetic field shielding pipe that the length of take is 35cm is example, and only the weight of magnetic field shielding pipe just approaches 8 kilograms.In addition, due to the length of magnetic field shielding pipe and the factor of diameter, also determined the volume of sensor fibre or sensing fiber ring.In order to solve the deficiency of above-mentioned several respects, in the urgent need to there being a kind of new method to improve the anti-interference of current sense fiber optic loop, can not rely on the frequency characteristic in magnetic field, can significantly reduce weight and volume again.
Summary of the invention
The current sense fiber optic loop that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of anti-interference current sensor fibre and is made by it, can effectively suppress the susceptibility of speed change helical region optical fiber to magnetic field, improve the anti-interference of sensing fiber ring, and with the frequency-independent in magnetic field.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, anti-interference current sensor fibre provided by the invention, described sensor fibre is birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, described birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises helical region, an a speed change helical region and helical region at the uniform velocity not successively, the terminal surface of described at the uniform velocity helical region has reflectance coating, described speed change helical region is around being an annular or second ring, and the starting point of speed change helical region and end point keep overlapping on locus.
Further, described speed change helical region is around being a loop configuration, and this loop configuration comprises a circle or the above optical fiber of a circle.
Or further, described speed change helical region is around the second ring structure that is " 8 " shape, each loop configuration comprises a circle or the above optical fiber of a circle, and the diameter of described second ring structure is identical, and the coiling opposite direction of second ring structure and the contained optical fiber number of turns are identical.
The present invention also provides a kind of current sense fiber optic loop, described sensor fibre is birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, described birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises helical region, an a speed change helical region and helical region at the uniform velocity not successively, the terminal surface of described at the uniform velocity helical region has reflectance coating, described speed change helical region is around being an annular or second ring, and the terminal point of described at the uniform velocity helical region (being reflectance coating) keeps overlapping with starting point and the end point of speed change helical region on locus.
Wherein further, described speed change helical region is around being a loop configuration, and this loop configuration comprises a circle or the above optical fiber of a circle.
Or further, described speed change helical region is for being the second ring structure of " 8 " shape, and each loop configuration comprises a circle or the above optical fiber of a circle, the coiling opposite direction of described second ring structure and size is identical and the contained optical fiber number of turns is identical.
Sensor fibre of the present invention, wherein a loop configuration or second ring structure are revolved in speed change helical region, as long as the number of turns abundant (when being coiled into a loop configuration conventionally as long as 3-4 circle only needs 1-2 circle for the second ring structure that is coiled into the figure of eight) just can reach jamproof requirement.The sensing fiber ring that utilizes above-mentioned sensor fibre to make, simple in structure, without introducing other material, be easy to realize, can significantly suppress the susceptibility of speed change helical region optical fiber to magnetic field, make its characteristic be equivalent to the not characteristic of helical region, improved the precision of mutual inductor and the anti-interference of sensing fiber ring, be applicable in reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing current sense optical fiber;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that speed change helical region is coiled into the birefringence current sense optical fiber of an annular;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the speed change helical region that is coiled into an annular in Fig. 2 effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization while disturbed by external magnetic field;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that speed change helical region is coiled into the birefringence current sense optical fiber of second ring, and wherein second ring is " 8 " shape;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the speed change helical region of revolving into second ring in Fig. 4 normalization farad induction coefficient while disturbed by external magnetic field;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the anti-interference current sensing fiber ring that sensor fibre is made as shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the anti-interference current sensing fiber ring that sensor fibre is made as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Anti-interference sensor fibre of the present invention is birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, this root birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises not a helical region A district, a B district, speed change helical region and at the uniform velocity helical region C district successively, at the uniform velocity the terminal surface in helical region C district has reflectance coating, as shown in Figure 1, wherein the length in speed change helical region B district is B, at the uniform velocity the length in helical region C district is C, wherein the optical fiber of speed change helical region revolves circlewise structure (circle or more than a circle), and guarantees that the starting point of speed change helical region optical fiber and end point keep coincidence on locus.
The loop configuration that comprises a circle optical fiber of take is example, as shown in Figure 2, the diameter of this loop configuration is generally not more than 10cm, in actual use, can not have current bus bar or wire through this loop configuration, the magnetic field that therefore the Faraday effect coefficient in ring is only produced by outside magnetic field or foreign current bus causes.Shown in Fig. 2, the effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization of supposing the right half-turn of loop configuration is SB1, the effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization of left half-turn is SB2, and owing to being only subject to the impact of external magnetic field, the actual sensed effect of right half-turn and left half-turn is reverse.Because right half-turn belongs to the first half of speed change helical region optical fiber, and left half-turn belongs to the later half of speed change helical region optical fiber, if faraday's induction coefficient of speed change helical region optical fiber increases with position linearity, see Fig. 1, after this speed change helical region is wound into annular (take a circle as example), the normalization farad induction coefficient of its right half-turn and the normalization farad induction coefficient of left half-turn are as shown in Figure 3.The length of right half-turn optical fiber and left half-turn optical fiber respectively accounts for half of total length, represents here with B/2.Because faraday's inductive effects of left half-turn and right half-turn is contrary, therefore the effective faraday's induction coefficient of its normalization is SB12=SB2-SB1, it should be noted that here, SB1 is all relevant with the position of speed change helical region inner fiber with SB2, as shown in Figure 3.Because SB2 is greater than SB1, the Faraday effect after comprehensive is certainly consistent with the Faraday effect effect of left half-turn generation, in Fig. 2, has marked the direction of SB12.Therefore, as being B by length, speed change Helical Fiber turns to the loop configuration containing a circle optical fiber, result equals the contraction in length of speed change Helical Fiber to become original half, and the effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization of speed change helical region maximum is still identical with the effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization of even helical region.When B section length, determine, if loop configuration includes two circle optical fiber, the effective length of speed change spiral section will shorten to 1/4th of original length so; If comprise four circle optical fiber, effective length becomes 1/8th of original length so.Before mention, speed change helical region length is shorter, in the situation that C section length is definite, anti-interference will be stronger.Therefore,, by B district optical fiber being coiled into annular (also can be described as spirality or spring shape), along with annular diameter reduces (number of turns increase), the anti-interference of making so after fiber optic loop is stronger.As long as the number of turns abundant (as long as conventionally 3-4 circle) just can reach jamproof requirement, but the number of turns is more just means that the diameter of loop configuration is less, the risk that fracture occurs concerning optical fiber is just larger, so the number of turns is too much unsuitable, can reach anti-interference requirement just.
Fig. 4 is that the another kind of speed change helical region curls up mode, and wherein speed change helical region turns to the shape of " 8 " word, is equivalent to second ring structure, and the starting point of speed change helical region keeps on locus with end point overlapping.The size of two loop configuration is identical and meet mirror image symmetry, and the optical fiber number of turns of second ring structure is identical and coiling opposite direction, as shown in Figure 4, above the coiling direction of loop configuration be counterclockwise, and below loop configuration around finger direction, be clockwise.Suppose that the effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization of the right half-turn of a loop configuration is SB3 above, the effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization of left half-turn is SB4, below the effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization of right half-turn of a loop configuration be SB5, the effective faraday's induction coefficient of normalization of left half-turn is SB6, according to obtaining the analysis of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the effective faraday's coefficient of the normalization of loop configuration above can be expressed as SB34=SB4-SB3, and the effective faraday's coefficient of the normalization of loop configuration below can be expressed as SB56=SB6-SB5, here it should be noted that, SB3, SB4, SB5, SB6 is also all relevant with the position of speed change helical region inner fiber, as shown in Figure 5.Take each loop configuration only containing one circle optical fiber be example, the length of the equivalent speed change helical region of each loop configuration is B/4, the more important thing is, owing to adopting the winding method of the figure of eight, equivalent normalization farad effect or intensity that upper and lower two loop configuration produce are opposite sign but equal magnitude, this just shows, needs only the interference that two loop configuration are subject to outside uniform magnetic field, and speed change helical region just can suppress the interference of external magnetic field on the whole completely so.Meanwhile, the loop configuration diameter of coiling is required so harsh, generally 5-8 centimetre can, greatly reduce the possibility that fracture appears in optical fiber.Certainly, the optical fiber of speed change helical region except being coiled into the figure of eight, can also adopt other equivalent form, as long as the speed change helical region shape after coiling is as 8-shaped, it meets mirror image symmetry, the contained optical fiber number of turns is identical and coiling direction is anti-phase.
The jamproof current sense fiber optic loop of being made by aforementioned sensor fibre, as long as guarantee that C district end (containing catoptron) overlaps on locus with starting point and the end point of speed change helical region optical fiber, (in diagram, not from vertical angle, show as shown in Figures 6 and 7, although the starting point of C district end and speed change helical region and end point seem and do not overlap, but actual in vertical direction, three overlaps on locus), wherein at the uniform velocity helical region is coiled into an annular.The present invention is in the speed change helical region of existing sensor fibre, as long as forming the loop configuration of suitable diameter just can realize, this is simple in structure, without other material, introduce, be easy to realize, can significantly suppress the susceptibility of speed change helical region optical fiber to magnetic field, make its characteristic be equivalent to the not characteristic of helical region, improved the precision of mutual inductor and the anti-interference of sensing fiber ring, described this sensing fiber ring is applicable in reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor.
By specific embodiment, content of the present invention is had been described in detail above, but these are not construed as limiting the invention.To one skilled in the art, protection scope of the present invention also comprises various distortion and the improvement that those have been done the optical fiber coiling form of speed change helical region, optical fiber number of turns size etc. without departing from the principles of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an anti-interference current sensor fibre, described sensor fibre is birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, described birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises helical region, an a speed change helical region and helical region at the uniform velocity not successively, the terminal surface of described at the uniform velocity helical region has reflectance coating, it is characterized in that: described speed change helical region is around being an annular or second ring, and the starting point of speed change helical region and end point keep overlapping on locus.
2. anti-interference current sensor fibre according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described speed change helical region is around being a loop configuration, and this loop configuration comprises a circle or the above optical fiber of a circle.
3. anti-interference current sensor fibre according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described speed change helical region is around the second ring structure that is " 8 " shape, each loop configuration comprises a circle or the above optical fiber of a circle, the size of described second ring structure is identical, coiling opposite direction and the contained optical fiber number of turns identical.
4. a current sense fiber optic loop, it is characterized in that: described sensor fibre is birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, described birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises helical region, an a speed change helical region and helical region at the uniform velocity not successively, the terminal surface of described at the uniform velocity helical region has reflectance coating, described speed change helical region is around being an annular or second ring, and the terminal point of described at the uniform velocity helical region keeps overlapping with starting point and the end point of speed change helical region on locus.
5. current sense fiber optic loop according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described speed change helical region is around being a loop configuration, and this loop configuration comprises a circle or the above optical fiber of a circle.
6. current sense fiber optic loop according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described speed change helical region is around the second ring structure that is " 8 " shape, each loop configuration comprises a circle or the above optical fiber of a circle, the coiling opposite direction of described second ring structure and size is identical and the contained optical fiber number of turns is identical.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114966955A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-08-30 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Sensor optical fiber and assembling tool |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5096312A (en) * | 1988-10-23 | 1992-03-17 | Huang Hung Chia | Passive fiber-optic polarization control element |
| US20100141955A1 (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-10 | Yong Huang | Sensor probe for fiber-based current sensor |
| CN101876723A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-11-03 | 姚竑杰 | Sensing fiber used in reflective all-fiber current sensor |
| CN102393546A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-28 | 黄勇 | Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and through-type all-fiber current sensor |
| CN103063898A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and all-fiber current transformer |
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- 2013-11-08 CN CN201310552874.3A patent/CN103630963B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5096312A (en) * | 1988-10-23 | 1992-03-17 | Huang Hung Chia | Passive fiber-optic polarization control element |
| US20100141955A1 (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-10 | Yong Huang | Sensor probe for fiber-based current sensor |
| CN101876723A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-11-03 | 姚竑杰 | Sensing fiber used in reflective all-fiber current sensor |
| CN102393546A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-28 | 黄勇 | Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and through-type all-fiber current sensor |
| CN103063898A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and all-fiber current transformer |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114966955A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-08-30 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Sensor optical fiber and assembling tool |
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