CN101876026A - ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101876026A CN101876026A CN2009102728972A CN200910272897A CN101876026A CN 101876026 A CN101876026 A CN 101876026A CN 2009102728972 A CN2009102728972 A CN 2009102728972A CN 200910272897 A CN200910272897 A CN 200910272897A CN 101876026 A CN101876026 A CN 101876026A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ADI piece with high toughness and high strength and a manufacturing method thereof. The ADI piece comprises the following elements by mass percent: 3.6% to 3.9% of C, 2.5% to 2.7% of Si, 0.2% to 0.3% of Mn, smaller than or equal to 0.03% of P, smaller than or equal to 0.012% of S, 0.2% to 0.25% of Mo, 0.6% to 0.8% of Cu, 0.5% to 0.8% of Ni and the balance of Fe. The ADI piece has the elongation of 12.5% to 14.5%, the impact toughness of 125 to 140J/cm2, and the tensile strength of 990 to 1080MPa. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of: smelting burden in an intermediate frequency electric furnace; pretreating melted iron for desulfuration and dephosphorization and then pouring into a casting mould to obtain a raw casting; preserving the temperature of 905 DEG C to 915 DEG C for 1.5 to 2 hours for austenitizing the raw casting; quickly quenching in a salt bath at 350 DEG C to 370 DEG C for isothermal quenching for 1 to 1.5 hours; cooling and washing to obtain the ADI piece. The ADI piece of the invention has high elongation, high impact toughness and higher tensile strength. In the pretreatment of melted iron, no new equipment is added. The technological parameter is reasonably designed and the manufacturing cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high tenacity hold concurrently high-intensity ADI (Austempering ductile iron) part and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
The Austempering ductile iron that last century, the seventies began to grow up (Austempered Ductile Iron is called for short ADI) novel material, owing to have high-strength, high-anti-friction and have certain toughness concurrently, obtained application in various fields such as automobile, agricultural machinery, building materials, railway, universal machines.Some industrially developed country (as the U.S., Japan, European Union etc.) have worked out the ADI standard successively, as mechanical performance index (tensile strength MPa/ elongation %/impact toughness J/cm in the U.S. ADI standard (ASTM897M-03)
2) be: 900/9/100,1050/7/80,1200/4/60,1400/2/35,1600/1/20.ADI spare is keeping under the high strength, and how improving toughness is a difficult problem.
Production high-quality iron casting blank and definite suitable isothermal quenching heat treatment process parameter are the keys that ADI obtains excellent comprehensive performance.At present, the production of ADI mainly is to grope the chemical ingredients of foundry goods and isothermal quenching heat treatment parameter by rule of thumb, the iron liquid of melting generally is directly to carry out spheroidization and inoculation to handle, often higher the and not high quality that influences spray of iron liquid purity owing to sulphur content in the iron liquid; Adopt the mode of the outer shaking ladle of stove to carry out the desulfurization processing, device is complicated, iron liquid cooling serious (lowering the temperature more than 100 ℃), and the cost height is difficult to apply aborning; Common isothermal quenching thermal treatment process makes gained ADI spare be difficult to satisfying the high-intensity requirement of satisfying high tenacity simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength and manufacture method thereof are provided, the ADI spare that adopts present method to make (is a tensile strength sigma with ADI 900-9
b〉=900MPa, elongation δ 〉=9%, impact toughness α
k〉=100J/cm
2) compare, elongation improves 39%～61%, and impact toughness improves 25%～40%, and tensile strength improves 10%～20%, and need not to use extra special tooling in the iron liquid desulfurization phosphorus decontamination process, and is easy and simple to handle, with low cost.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength, the quality percentage composition of each element is respectively in this ADI spare: C 3.6～3.9%, Si 2.5～2.7%, Mn 0.2～0.3%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.012%, Mo 0.2～0.25%, Cu 0.6～0.8%, Ni 0.5～0.8%, surplus is Fe.
The elongation of described ADI spare is 12.5～14.5%, and impact toughness is 125～140J/cm
2, tensile strength is 990～1080MPa.
The present invention also provides the manufacture method of above-mentioned ADI spare, may further comprise the steps:
(1) with the magnesium iron pig iron, the magnesium iron foundry returns, steel scrap and Cu, Ni, the Mo alloy material is a metal charge, the quality percentage composition of each element is in this furnace charge: C 3.90～3.95%, Si 1.1～1.3%, Mn 0.2～0.3%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.025%, Mo 0.2～0.25%, Cu 0.6～0.8%, Ni 0.5～0.8%, surplus is Fe, use electrosmelting of intermediate frequency, detect C in the melting gained iron liquid, whether the quality percentage composition of Si is: C 3.90～3.95% and Si1.1～1.3%, if it is undesirable, then by adding ferrosilicon, the pig iron or steel scrap are adjusted, then iron liquid is warming up to 1450～1480 ℃, pour into again and carry out pre-treatment in the iron liquid bag that desulfurization phosphorus scavenging agent is housed and make its desulfurization phosphorus and purifying molten iron, stir and iron liquid is refunded smelting furnace after skimming; Desulfurization phosphorus scavenging agent is by Na
2CO
3, CaO, CaF
2, CaCO
3With the mixture that the FeO powder mixes forms, the quality percentage composition of each component is respectively: Na
2CO
330～35%, CaO 25～30%, CaF
220～25%, CaCO
310～15% and FeO powder 5～10%, the weight of desulfurization phosphorus scavenging agent is 0.5～1.0% of iron liquid weight;
(2) pretreated iron liquid is warming up to 1500～1520 ℃ after, carry out spheroidization and inoculation again and handle, pour into casting mold then and obtain the iron casting blank;
(3) the iron casting blank is heated to 905～915 ℃ under the protective atmosphere condition, is incubated 1.5～2 hours and makes the workpiece austenitizing;
(4) workpiece of austenitizing is taken out rapidly and be no more than the salt bath of quenching in 25 seconds into 350～370 ℃, fully stir when quenching and cool off salt bath solution into workpiece, make the temperature rise of salt bath be no more than 15 ℃, and return the austempering temperature of reducing to setting being no more than in 3 minutes, control salt temperature in the isothermal process, make undulating quantity≤± 5 ℃ of the salt temperature of setting, the isothermal quenching time is 1～1.5 hour, then workpiece is taken out, naturally cool to room temperature, clean, obtain ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength.
Compared with prior art, the advantage that has of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the foundry goods chemical ingredients is taked high C, Si, and low Mn, P, S and a small amount of Cu, Mo, Ni combine, and help obtaining high-quality iron casting blank.
(2) the iron liquid of conventional magnesium iron is handled increase by one cover pretreatment process, made abundant desulfurization phosphorus of iron liquid and purification, but need not to increase new installation, easy and simple to handle; The desulfurization phosphorus scavenging agent that adopts is with low cost, can obtain the iron liquid of low-sulfur phosphorus, can make the foundry goods sulphur content be lower than 0.012%, and phosphorus content is lower than 0.03%; The cooling of pre-treatment iron liquid is less than 50 ℃, and calorific loss is less, and heating up, it is few to increase cost; Because iron liquid sulphur content is low, can reduce the nodulizing agent consumption, reduce the spheroidization and inoculation processing cost; Can reduce gas and inclusion amount in the iron liquid, iron liquid is purified, obtain the fine and close high-quality iron casting blank that does not have (or few) defective easily.
(3) the isothermal quenching heat treatment process parameter is reasonable in design, can produce the high tenacity high-intensity ADI workpiece of holding concurrently, and its elongation is 12.5～14.5%, and impact toughness is 125～140J/cm
2, tensile strength is 990～1080MPa.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the manufacturing process flow diagram of ADI spare of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but protection content of the present invention is not limited to following examples.
If no special instructions, the used percentage composition of following examples is the quality percentage composition.
Embodiment 1:
(1) adopts clay-bonded sand moulding (adopt the clay green sand molding in the present embodiment, the furane resin core perhaps adopts phenolic sand molding).Require casting mold degree of packing height, sand humidity≤5%, ventilation property 〉=100, green compression strength 〉=0.11MPa presses the suitable casting technique of casting structure design.
(2) be metal charge with the magnesium iron pig iron, magnesium iron foundry returns, steel scrap and Cu, Ni, Mo alloy material, the quality percentage composition of each element is in this furnace charge: C 3.90～3.95%, Si 1.1～1.3%, Mn 0.2～0.3%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.025%, Mo 0.2～0.25%, Cu 0.6～0.8%, Ni 0.5～0.8%, surplus is Fe.Adopt electrosmelting of intermediate frequency, in stove, add the magnesium iron pig iron earlier, magnesium iron foundry returns and steel scrap, after treating its fusing, add Cu again, Ni, the Mo alloy material, after metal charge all melts, detect the C in the iron liquid, whether Si content satisfies: C 3.90～3.95% and Si 1.1%～1.3%, if undesirable, then by adding ferrosilicon, the pig iron or steel scrap are adjusted and (if C content is low, are then added the pig iron, if Si content is low, then add ferrosilicon, if C or Si content height are then added steel scrap, finally make C in the iron liquid, the quality percentage composition of Si satisfies: C 3.90～3.95% and Si1.1%～1.3%), continue to send electricity that the iron liquid after the melting is rapidly heated.Pack into by Na in iron liquid bag (use workshop existing iron liquid bag to get final product, need not to increase special tooling) bottom in advance
2CO
3, CaO, CaF
2, CaCO
3Press with the FeO powder: Na
2CO
330～35%, CaO25～30%, CaF
220～25%, CaCO
310～15% and the desulfurization phosphorus scavenging agent that mixes of the mass ratio of FeO powder 5～10%, the weight of scavenging agent is 0.5～1.0% of iron liquid weight.After treating that iron liquid after the melting is warming up to 1450～1480 ℃, iron liquid poured into carry out pre-treatment in the iron liquid bag and make abundant desulfurization phosphorus of iron liquid and purification (getting final product in general 1～3 minute), stir and iron liquid is refunded smelting furnace after skimming.
(3) the iron liquid after the purifying treatment is warming up to 1500～1520 ℃ after, pour into and carry out spheroidization and inoculation in the spheroidizing bag and handle that (changing iron liquid over to the spheroidizing bag with ordinary method carries out spheroidization and inoculation and handle and get final product, pouring the method spheroidization and inoculation as employing handles), nodulizing agent (FeSiMg8RE5) consumption be after the purifying treatment iron liquid weight 1.3～1.5%, nucleating agent (FeSi75) consumption be after the purifying treatment iron liquid weight 1.2～1.6%, iron liquid is handled back (after spheroidization and inoculation is handled in the iron liquid quality percentage composition of each element with finally ADI spare is identical) through spheroidization and inoculation and is poured into casting mold and obtain the iron casting blank.
(4) (in the present embodiment nitrogen with the iron casting blank at protective atmosphere; also can adopt ADI spare produce in other protective gas commonly used) High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is heated to 905～915 ℃; insulation 1.5～2h makes the workpiece austenitizing, takes out workpiece then and (generally be no more than 25 seconds get final product) quenches rapidly in 23 seconds that (the salt bath composition is 50%KNO in the present embodiment for 370 ℃ salt bath
3+ 50%NaNO
3, also can adopt 50%NaNO
3+ 50%KNO
2, 100%NaNO
2Etc. salt bath commonly used), fully stir when quenching and cool off salt bath solution into workpiece, make the temperature rise control (being no more than 15 ℃ gets final product) in 13 ℃ of salt bath, and (being no more than 3 minutes gets final product) returns the austempering temperature (being that salt bath solution is quenched into preceding temperature at workpiece) of reducing to setting in 2 minutes, automatically control salt temperature in the isothermal process, make undulating quantity≤± 5 ℃ (being that austempering temperature is controlled at 370 ± 5 ℃) of the salt temperature of setting, the isothermal quenching time is controlled at 1～1.5h.Workpiece after the isothermal quenching is taken out, naturally cool to room temperature, clean, obtain ADI spare, wherein the quality percentage composition of each element is respectively: C3.7%～3.85%, Si 2.5%～2.65%, Mn 0.2%～0.25%, P 0.015%～0.025%, S0.008%～0.012%, Mo 0.22%～0.25%, Cu 0.65%～0.75%, Ni 0.65%～0.75%, surplus is Fe.Preparation technology's schema of this ADI spare is seen Fig. 1.
According to GB/T 228 usefulness WE-300 type universal testing machines present embodiment gained ADI spare is carried out tension test, tension specimen is of a size of φ 10mm * 50mm, and its test result is an elongation 13.5～14.5%, tensile strength 990～1020MPa; Shock test adopts the non-notch test block that is of a size of 10mm * 10mm * 55mm, tests at the JB-30B shock-testing machine according to GB/T 229, and its test result is impact toughness 132～140J/cm
2
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is produced the method for ADI spare with embodiment 1 (comprising moulding, batching, melting, the pre-treatment of iron liquid, spheroidization and inoculation processing, austenitizing etc.), difference is the iron liquid after the melting is warming up to 1460 ℃, iron liquid after the purifying treatment is warming up to 1510 ℃, and austempering temperature is set at 360 ℃.The quality percentage composition of each element is respectively in the ADI spare of final gained: C 3.65%～3.75%, Si 2.55%～2.7%, Mn0.2%～0.25%, P 0.015%～0.025%, S 0.008%～0.012%, Mo 0.23%～0.25%, Cu0.65%～0.75%, Ni 0.6%～0.75%, surplus is Fe.Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1 that elongation, impact toughness and the tensile strength of ADI spare are tested, its elongation is 13～14%, and impact toughness is 128～135J/cm
2, tensile strength is 1020～1050MPa.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is produced the method for ADI spare with embodiment 1 (comprising moulding, batching, melting, the pre-treatment of iron liquid, spheroidization and inoculation processing, austenitizing etc.), difference is the iron liquid after the melting is warming up to 1480 ℃, iron liquid after the purifying treatment is warming up to 1520 ℃, and austempering temperature is set at 350 ℃.The quality percentage composition of each element is respectively in the final gained ADI spare: C 3.7%～3.8%, Si 2.5%～2.6%, Mn 0.25%～0.3%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.012%, Mo 0.22%～0.25%, Cu 0.75%～0.8%, Ni 0.5%～0.7%, surplus is Fe.Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1 that elongation, impact toughness and the tensile strength of ADI spare are tested, its elongation is 12.5～13.5%, and impact toughness is 125～130J/cm
2, tensile strength is 1050～1080MPa.
Claims (3)
1. ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength, the quality percentage composition that it is characterized in that each element in this ADI spare is respectively: C 3.6～3.9%, Si 2.5～2.7%, Mn 0.2～0.3%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.012%, Mo 0.2～0.25%, Cu 0.6～0.8%, Ni 0.5～0.8%, surplus is Fe.
2. ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the elongation of described ADI spare is 12.5～14.5%, and impact toughness is 125～140J/cm
2, tensile strength is 990～1080MPa.
3. the manufacture method of claim 1 or 2 described ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) with the magnesium iron pig iron, the magnesium iron foundry returns, steel scrap and Cu, Ni, the Mo alloy material is a metal charge, the quality percentage composition of each element is in this furnace charge: C 3.90～3.95%, Si 1.1～1.3%, Mn 0.2～0.3%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.025%, Mo 0.2～0.25%, Cu 0.6～0.8%, Ni 0.5～0.8%, surplus is Fe, use electrosmelting of intermediate frequency, detect C in the melting gained iron liquid, whether the quality percentage composition of Si is: C3.90～3.95% and Si1.1～1.3%, if it is undesirable, then by adding ferrosilicon, the pig iron or steel scrap are adjusted, then iron liquid is warming up to 1450～1480 ℃, pour into again and carry out pre-treatment in the iron liquid bag that desulfurization phosphorus scavenging agent is housed and make its desulfurization phosphorus and purifying molten iron, stir and iron liquid is refunded smelting furnace after skimming; Desulfurization phosphorus scavenging agent is by Na
2CO
3, CaO, CaF
2, CaCO
3With the mixture that the FeO powder mixes forms, the quality percentage composition of each component is respectively: Na
2CO
330～35%, CaO 25～30%, CaF
220～25%, CaCO
310～15% and FeO powder 5～10%, the weight of desulfurization phosphorus scavenging agent is 0.5～1.0% of iron liquid weight;
(2) pretreated iron liquid is warming up to 1500～1520 ℃ after, carry out spheroidization and inoculation again and handle, pour into casting mold then and obtain the iron casting blank;
(3) the iron casting blank is heated to 905～915 ℃ under the protective atmosphere condition, is incubated 1.5～2 hours and makes the workpiece austenitizing;
(4) workpiece of austenitizing is taken out rapidly and be no more than the salt bath of quenching in 25 seconds into 350～370 ℃, fully stir when quenching and cool off salt bath solution into workpiece, make the temperature rise of salt bath be no more than 15 ℃, and return the austempering temperature of reducing to setting being no more than in 3 minutes, control salt temperature in the isothermal process, make undulating quantity≤± 5 ℃ of the salt temperature of setting, the isothermal quenching time is 1～1.5 hour, then workpiece is taken out, naturally cool to room temperature, clean, obtain ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength.
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| CN2009102728972A CN101876026A (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2009-11-24 | ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) piece with high toughness and high strength and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102528399A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-07-04 | 扬州华铁铁路配件有限公司 | Method for producing austempered ductile iron (ADI) cylinder sleeve |
| CN102560228A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-07-11 | 扬州华铁铁路配件有限公司 | Method for producing wheel made of austempered ductile iron (ADI) material |
| CN103205544A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-07-17 | 辽宁北方曲轴有限公司 | Salt-bath self-heating two-stage isothermal quenching method of nodular cast irons, and austempered ductile iron prepared by using method |
| CN104178689A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-03 | 王怀林 | Method for producing bushing, ball, and ball seat for braking of railway locomotive by using austempered ductile iron |
| CN105018833A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 王波林 | Isothermal quenching ductile cast iron and method for producing end of propelling rod through isothermal quenching ductile cast iron |
| CN105543642A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-05-04 | 上海大学兴化特种不锈钢研究院 | Isothermal quenching nodular cast iron alloy material for wheels in urban rail transit |
| CN107475604A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-15 | 湘潭华进科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high ferro steel backing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107574357A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-01-12 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | The preparation method of small chi footpath CADI abrasive bodies in high rigidity |
| CN109112389A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-01 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of cooling technique for preparing austenic globe body of control |
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| CN110295265A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-01 | 天津昌昊实业有限公司 | A kind of austempered ductile iron and its preparation method and application |
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| CN114606356A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉纺织大学 | Method for treating ADI iron liquid with high strength and high toughness |
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| CN102560228A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-07-11 | 扬州华铁铁路配件有限公司 | Method for producing wheel made of austempered ductile iron (ADI) material |
| CN102560228B (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-12-11 | 扬州华铁铁路配件有限公司 | Method for producing wheel made of austempered ductile iron (ADI) material |
| CN103205544A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-07-17 | 辽宁北方曲轴有限公司 | Salt-bath self-heating two-stage isothermal quenching method of nodular cast irons, and austempered ductile iron prepared by using method |
| CN103205544B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-29 | 辽宁北方曲轴有限公司 | Salt-bath self-heating two-stage isothermal quenching method of nodular cast irons, and austempered ductile iron prepared by using method |
| CN104178689A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-03 | 王怀林 | Method for producing bushing, ball, and ball seat for braking of railway locomotive by using austempered ductile iron |
| CN105018833A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 王波林 | Isothermal quenching ductile cast iron and method for producing end of propelling rod through isothermal quenching ductile cast iron |
| CN105543642A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-05-04 | 上海大学兴化特种不锈钢研究院 | Isothermal quenching nodular cast iron alloy material for wheels in urban rail transit |
| CN105543642B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2017-08-29 | 上海大学兴化特种不锈钢研究院 | Urban track traffic wheel austempering ductile iron alloy material |
| CN107574357A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-01-12 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | The preparation method of small chi footpath CADI abrasive bodies in high rigidity |
| CN107475604A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-15 | 湘潭华进科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high ferro steel backing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109112389A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-01 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of cooling technique for preparing austenic globe body of control |
| CN110295265A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-01 | 天津昌昊实业有限公司 | A kind of austempered ductile iron and its preparation method and application |
| CN110295265B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-10-09 | 天津昌昊实业有限公司 | Austempered ductile iron and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113462955B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-05-03 | 东风商用车有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness isothermal quenching ductile iron material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114606356A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉纺织大学 | Method for treating ADI iron liquid with high strength and high toughness |
| CN115287528A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-04 | 靖江亚拓机械设备有限公司 | Treatment method of ADI iron liquid with high strength and high toughness |
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