CN101698895A - Low-cost preparation method for high-elongation ductile iron castings - Google Patents
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- CN101698895A CN101698895A CN200910309567A CN200910309567A CN101698895A CN 101698895 A CN101698895 A CN 101698895A CN 200910309567 A CN200910309567 A CN 200910309567A CN 200910309567 A CN200910309567 A CN 200910309567A CN 101698895 A CN101698895 A CN 101698895A
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-cost preparation method for high-elongation ductile iron castings, which relates to a method for preparing ductile iron castings. The invention solves the problem that the conventional method for preparing ductile iron castings is high in cost, increases carburant consumption with the increase in scrap consumption, causes the increase of free carbon in hot metal, and leads to decrease in mechanical properties of obtained ductile iron castings. The method comprises: 1, adding raw materials to a melting furnace, melt the raw materials into hot metal and then discharging the hot metal out of the furnace; 2, performing purification while performing spheroidization inoculation on the hot metal; and 3, performing pouring to obtain the ductile iron castings. The preparation method can reduce 20 percent of cost for producing one ton of ductile cast iron, and the obtained ductile iron castings have the tensile strength up to 460 MPa, the yield strength up to 350 MPa, the elongation up to 16.5 percent and the mechanical properties meeting requirements for QT450-15 ductile cast iron.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of nodular iron casting.
Background technology
Existing spheroidal graphite cast iron production generally adopts the pig iron and steel scrap to do raw material, wherein the amount of the pig iron accounts for 60～80% of total charging capacity, because the generally rise of pig iron price, cause the spheroidal graphite cast iron cost to rise steadily, simultaneously along with The development in society and economy, a large amount of product made from steel updates, and has produced the steel scrap of a large amount of recyclable utilizations, and the price of steel scrap per ton is lower about 1000 yuan than pig iron price.
Therefore, in proportioning, add steel scrap and can reduce raw-material cost, but increase along with the raw scrap material add-on, make the add-on of carburelant also increase, yet the affiliation that adds of carburelant makes that uncombined carbon increases in the molten iron, worsen the quality of molten iron of knowing clearly, and then the nodular iron casting mechanical property that obtains is reduced.Therefore need increase the raw scrap material consumption rationally, when reducing production costs, the mechanical property of the nodular iron casting that assurance obtains.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the existing method cost height for preparing nodular iron casting, reach increase along with the steel scrap consumption, the carburelant usage quantity increases, make that uncombined carbon increases in the molten iron, molten steel quality descends, the problem that causes the nodular iron casting mechanical property that obtains to descend the invention provides the low-cost method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings.
The low-cost method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings of the present invention realizes by following steps: one, in smelting furnace, add the pig iron as furnace burdening, add carburelant more successively, the remaining pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, manganese alloy and silicon alloy, be heated to 1520～1550 ℃ then, make the interior material of smelting furnace be fused into molten iron, calm then and skim, controlling molten iron temperature then comes out of the stove in the time of 1490～1510 ℃, wherein, the mass ratio of steel scrap and foundry returns is 5: 2, the total mass of the pig iron and the mass ratio of foundry returns are 3: 2, the quality of carburelant is 3%～4% of a waste steel quality, the content of manganese is 0.2%～0.4% of molten iron total mass in the control molten iron, and the content of silicon is 2.5%～2.9% of molten iron total mass in the molten iron; Two, add nodulizing agent, nucleating agent and molten iron purification agent, when being carried out nodularization, inoculation, molten iron carries out purifying treatment, wherein, the quality of nodulizing agent is 1.3%～1.5% of a molten iron total mass, the quality of nucleating agent is 1%～1.2% of a molten iron total mass, and the quality of molten iron purification agent is 0.4%～0.6% of a molten iron total mass; Three, the molten iron after just step 2 is handled winches to processings of skimming of space for collecting ashes in a stove top, with the removing of the slag in the molten iron, spreads one deck skim agent equably on the molten iron surface then, pours into a mould, and promptly gets high-elongation ductile iron castings.
The total mass of the pig iron is as the pig iron of furnace burdening and the total amount of the remaining pig iron that adds again in the step 1 of the present invention.
The steel scrap consumption that adopts among the preparation method of the present invention is close to half of raw material total amount, greatly reduce raw materials cost, the tensile strength of the nodular iron casting that obtains simultaneously reaches 460MPa, yield strength reaches 350MPa, unit elongation reaches 16.5%, its mechanical property reaches the requirement of QT450-15 spheroidal graphite cast iron, compare with the nodular iron casting that existing preparation method obtains, tensile strength and yield strength have reached existing level, unit elongation is than existing level height, preparation method of the present invention do not have under the situation of thermal treatment process still can so that to nodular iron casting have as-cast characteristic.Guaranteeing molten steel quality, guaranteeing that promptly the cost that preparation method of the present invention produces 1 ton of spheroidal graphite cast iron can reduce by 20% under the prerequisite of mechanical property of nodular iron casting.
The present invention when increasing the steel scrap consumption, make the consumption of carburelant be controlled at waste steel quality 4% in, controlled the content of uncombined carbon in the molten iron well, guaranteed the quality of molten iron; Simultaneously, the content of C, Si in the molten iron has further been controlled in the adding of molten iron purification agent, has purified molten iron, has guaranteed the quality of molten iron, has reduced production cost significantly when guaranteeing the spheroidal graphite cast iron mechanical property, has improved economic benefit widely.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the low-cost method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings of present embodiment realizes by following steps: one, in smelting furnace, add the pig iron as furnace burdening, add carburelant more successively, the remaining pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, manganese alloy and silicon alloy, be heated to 1520～1550 ℃ then, make the interior material of smelting furnace be fused into molten iron, calm then and skim, controlling molten iron temperature then comes out of the stove in the time of 1490～1510 ℃, wherein, the mass ratio of steel scrap and foundry returns is 5: 2, the total mass of the pig iron and the mass ratio of foundry returns are 3: 2, the quality of carburelant is 3%～4% of a waste steel quality, the content of manganese is 0.2%～0.4% of molten iron total mass in the control molten iron, and the content of silicon is 2.5%～2.9% of molten iron total mass in the molten iron; Two, add nodulizing agent, nucleating agent and molten iron purification agent, when being carried out nodularization, inoculation, molten iron carries out purifying treatment, wherein, the quality of nodulizing agent is 1.3%～1.5% of a molten iron total mass, the quality of nucleating agent is 1%～1.2% of a molten iron total mass, and the quality of molten iron purification agent is 0.4%～0.6% of a molten iron total mass; Three, the molten iron after step 2 is handled winches to processings of skimming of space for collecting ashes in a stove top, with the removing of the slag in the molten iron, spreads one deck skim agent equably on the molten iron surface then, pours into a mould, and promptly gets high-elongation ductile iron castings.
The total mass of the pig iron is as the pig iron of furnace burdening and the total amount of the remaining pig iron that adds again in the present embodiment step 1.In the step 3 consumption of skim agent according to the quality control of molten iron at 1～2Kg.
The tensile strength of the nodular iron casting that present embodiment obtains reaches 460MPa, and yield strength reaches 350MPa, and unit elongation reaches 16.5%, and its mechanical property reaches the requirement of QT450-15 spheroidal graphite cast iron.Guaranteeing molten steel quality, guaranteeing that promptly the cost that preparation method of the present invention produces 1 ton of spheroidal graphite cast iron can reduce by 20% under the prerequisite of mechanical property of nodular iron casting.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is to be heated to 1530～1540 ℃ in the step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is to be heated to 1535 ℃ in the step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: present embodiment and embodiment one, two or three are different be in the step 1 calm and skim handle before, in molten iron, be sprinkled into poly-slag agent, skim after calm 5～10 minutes.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one, two or three.
Used poly-slag agent is the compound skim agent of Japanese import in the present embodiment.
Embodiment five: what present embodiment and embodiment one to four were different is that the control molten iron temperature is come out of the stove in the time of 1500 ℃ in the step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: what present embodiment and embodiment one to five were different is that carburelant is a graphite in the step 1, and manganese alloy is a manganeseirom, and silicon alloy is a ferro-silicon.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to five.
In the present embodiment in the graphite content of fixed carbon be 90%～96% (quality), the content of sulphur is 0.01%～0.3% (quality), the content of volatile matter is 0.01%～0.1% (quality).
Manganese alloy and silicon alloy are the commercially available prod in the present embodiment.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment and embodiment one to six are different is to carry out purifying treatment when in the step 2 molten iron being carried out nodularization, inoculation to carry out as follows: in the dykes and dams bag molten iron dash less than a side at first put into nodulizing agent, on nodulizing agent, cover nucleating agent then, on nucleating agent, cover the molten iron purification agent again, cover then to go out molten iron behind the clad and pour the bag end spheroidizing reacion takes place, simultaneously molten iron is carried out purifying treatment.Other step and parameter are with specifically enforcement one to six is identical.
Present embodiment adopts and to pour method molten iron is carried out nodularization, breeds and purifying treatment, promotes the greying of carbon in the molten iron, purifying molten iron simultaneously, the come out of the stove content of C, Si in the molten iron of control.
Embodiment eight: what present embodiment and embodiment one to seven were different is that nodulizing agent is a magnesium-rare earth in the step 2.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to seven.
Nodulizing agent is the commercially available prod in the present embodiment.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment and embodiment one to eight are different is that nucleating agent is a kind of in FeSi75, the FeCaBa composite inoculant or two kinds in the step 2.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to eight.
Nucleating agent is the commercially available prod in the present embodiment.
When nucleating agent was two kinds mixture, FeSi75 and FeCaBa composite inoculant were arbitrarily than mixing in the present embodiment.
Embodiment ten: present embodiment and embodiment one to nine are different is that the molten iron purification agent is that Qiqihaer City Jianhua District gold chemical industry company limited produces and provides in the step 2.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to nine
Embodiment 11: present embodiment and embodiment one to ten are different is that the treatment process of skimming in the step 3 is: spread one deck skim agent equably on the molten iron surface, make it to mix with the creeper stirring with slag, together pull down then, but the above step of repetitive operation is up to scratching clean slag.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to ten.
Skim agent is the commercially available prod in the present embodiment.
According to molten steel quality, the consumption of control skim agent is 1～2kg in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 12: what present embodiment and embodiment one to 11 were different is to adopt HF 2002T sections quality management instrument that molten iron is carried out quality monitoring in the step 3 before pouring furnace.
Embodiment 13: the low-cost method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings of present embodiment realizes by following steps: one, in smelting furnace, add the pig iron as furnace burdening, add carburelant more successively, the pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, manganese alloy and silicon alloy, be heated to 1530 ℃ then, make the interior material of smelting furnace be fused into molten iron, calm then and skim, controlling molten iron temperature then comes out of the stove in the time of 1500 ℃, wherein, the mass ratio of steel scrap and foundry returns is 5: 2, the mass ratio of the pig iron and foundry returns is 3: 2, the quality of carburelant is 4% of a waste steel quality, the content of manganese is 0.3% of molten iron total mass in the control molten iron, and the content of silicon is 2.7% of molten iron total mass in the molten iron; Two, add nodulizing agent, nucleating agent and molten iron purification agent, when being carried out nodularization, inoculation, molten iron carries out purifying treatment, wherein, the quality of nodulizing agent is 1.5% of a molten iron total mass, the quality of nucleating agent is 1.2% of a molten iron total mass, and the quality of molten iron purification agent is 0.6% of a molten iron total mass; Three, the molten iron after step 2 is handled winches to the processing of skimming of space for collecting ashes in a stove top, slag in the molten iron is removed, evenly spread one deck skim agent on the molten iron surface then, pour into a mould, promptly get high-elongation ductile iron castings, wherein before pouring furnace, adopt HF-2002T sections quality management instrument that molten iron is carried out quality monitoring.
Casting mold is the anchor spindle blade in the present embodiment, obtains anchor spindle blade foundry goods, and the body sampling of anchor spindle blade foundry goods is carried out measuring mechanical property and the test of foundry goods Chemical Composition, and test result is as shown in table 1.Test result shows that the anchor spindle blade foundry goods that present embodiment obtains reaches the requirement of QT450-15 spheroidal graphite cast iron, and wherein unit elongation reaches more than 15%.
As a comparison, the existing preparation method of present embodiment utilization prepares nodular iron casting, carries out the test of measuring mechanical property and foundry goods Chemical Composition simultaneously, and test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 is the mechanical property and the Chemical Composition content of the nodular iron casting that obtains of the nodular iron casting that obtains of existing preparation method and present embodiment.The test result of the nodular iron casting that the existing preparation method's of I behavior proportioning raw materials obtains in the table, the test result of the nodular iron casting that II behavior present embodiment obtains.
Measuring mechanical property adopts electronic tensile test machine, and Italian F20 type spectrum analyzer is adopted in the test of foundry goods Chemical Composition.
Table 1
By table 1 as seen, the tensile strength and the yield strength of present embodiment reach existing level, and unit elongation reaches 16.5%, and than existing level height, the Chemical Composition of nodular iron casting is also all in claimed range.The preparation method that present embodiment is described is when cost reduces, and the nodular iron casting mechanical property is when keeping existing level, and unit elongation also improves to some extent.
Claims (10)
1. the low-cost method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings, it is characterized in that the low-cost method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings realizes by following steps: one, in smelting furnace, add the pig iron as furnace burdening, add carburelant more successively, the remaining pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, manganese alloy and silicon alloy, be heated to 1520～1550 ℃ then, make the interior material of smelting furnace be fused into molten iron, calm then and skim, controlling molten iron temperature again comes out of the stove in the time of 1490～1510 ℃, wherein, the mass ratio of steel scrap and foundry returns is 5: 2, the total mass of the pig iron and the mass ratio of foundry returns are 3: 2, the quality of carburelant is 3%～4% of a waste steel quality, the content of manganese is 0.2%～0.4% of molten iron total mass in the control molten iron, and the content of silicon is 2.5%～2.9% of molten iron total mass in the molten iron; Two, add nodulizing agent, nucleating agent and molten iron purification agent, when being carried out nodularization, inoculation, molten iron carries out purifying treatment, wherein, the quality of nodulizing agent is 1.3%～1.5% of a molten iron total mass, the quality of nucleating agent is 1%～1.2% of a molten iron total mass, and the quality of molten iron purification agent is 0.4%～0.6% of a molten iron total mass; Three, the molten iron after step 2 is handled winches to processings of skimming of space for collecting ashes in a stove top, with the removing of the slag in the molten iron, spreads one deck skim agent equably on the molten iron surface then, pours into a mould then, promptly gets high-elongation ductile iron castings.
2. low cost according to claim 1 prepares the method for high-elongation ductile iron castings, it is characterized in that being heated in the step 1 1530～1540 ℃.
3. low cost according to claim 1 prepares the method for high-elongation ductile iron castings, it is characterized in that being heated in the step 1 1535 ℃.
4. the method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings according to claim 1,2 or 3 described low costs is characterized in that the control molten iron temperature is come out of the stove in the step 1 in the time of 1500 ℃.
5. low cost according to claim 4 prepares the method for high-elongation ductile iron castings, it is characterized in that carburelant is a graphite in the step 1, and manganese alloy is a manganeseirom, and silicon alloy is a ferro-silicon.
6. the method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings according to claim 1,2,3 or 5 described low costs, carrying out purifying treatment when it is characterized in that in the step 2 that molten iron carried out nodularization, inoculation carries out as follows: in the dykes and dams bag molten iron dash less than a side at first put into nodulizing agent, on nodulizing agent, cover nucleating agent then, on nucleating agent, cover the molten iron purification agent again, cover then to go out molten iron behind the clad and pour the bag end spheroidizing reacion takes place, simultaneously molten iron is carried out purifying treatment.
7. low cost according to claim 6 prepares the method for high-elongation ductile iron castings, it is characterized in that nodulizing agent is a magnesium-rare earth in the step 2.
8. the method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings according to claim 1,2,3,5 or 7 described low costs is characterized in that nucleating agent in the step 2 is a kind of in FeSi75, the FeCaBa composite inoculant or two kinds.
9. low cost according to claim 8 prepares the method for high-elongation ductile iron castings, the treatment process that it is characterized in that skimming in the step 3 is: spread on the molten iron surface and spread one deck skim agent equably, make it to mix with the creeper stirring with slag, together pull down then, but the above step of repetitive operation is up to scratching clean slag.
10. the method for preparing high-elongation ductile iron castings according to claim 1,2,3,5,7 or 9 described low costs is characterized in that adopting before pouring furnace in the step 3 HF-2002T sections water composition detector that molten iron is carried out quality monitoring.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN102019351A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-04-20 | 宁夏共享集团有限责任公司 | Method for producing spheroidal graphite iron casting with high strength and thick and uniform wall |
| CN102634719A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-15 | 常熟市千斤顶铸造有限公司 | Production method of low-cost and high-elongation nodular cast iron being as cast condition |
| CN102634721A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-15 | 常熟市千斤顶铸造有限公司 | Production process of high-elongation nodular cast iron being as cast condition |
| CN102660657A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-12 | 常熟市千斤顶铸造有限公司 | Low-cost production process for as-cast high-elongation nodular cast iron |
| CN102965566A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-03-13 | 青岛和德隆机械有限公司 | Raw material composition of marine knife gate valve ductile iron casting and its production method |
| CN106498267A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-03-15 | 山东省源通机械股份有限公司 | Spheroidal graphite cast-iron metal material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106702255A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-24 | 广西大学 | Medium manganese ductile iron swirler and preparation method thereof |
| CN108707717A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-26 | 安徽信息工程学院 | A kind of method of refining of spheroidal graphite cast-iron |
| CN109837454A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-04 | 河北恒工机械装备科技有限公司 | A kind of big cross section high-intensity and high-tenacity spheroidal graphite cast-iron profile and preparation method thereof |
| CN112626434A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-04-09 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | Preparation process of power insulator iron cap |
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- 2009-11-11 CN CN2009103095676A patent/CN101698895B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102019351A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-04-20 | 宁夏共享集团有限责任公司 | Method for producing spheroidal graphite iron casting with high strength and thick and uniform wall |
| CN102634719A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-15 | 常熟市千斤顶铸造有限公司 | Production method of low-cost and high-elongation nodular cast iron being as cast condition |
| CN102634721A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-15 | 常熟市千斤顶铸造有限公司 | Production process of high-elongation nodular cast iron being as cast condition |
| CN102660657A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-12 | 常熟市千斤顶铸造有限公司 | Low-cost production process for as-cast high-elongation nodular cast iron |
| CN102965566A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-03-13 | 青岛和德隆机械有限公司 | Raw material composition of marine knife gate valve ductile iron casting and its production method |
| CN106702255A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-24 | 广西大学 | Medium manganese ductile iron swirler and preparation method thereof |
| CN106498267A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-03-15 | 山东省源通机械股份有限公司 | Spheroidal graphite cast-iron metal material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108707717A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-26 | 安徽信息工程学院 | A kind of method of refining of spheroidal graphite cast-iron |
| CN109837454A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-04 | 河北恒工机械装备科技有限公司 | A kind of big cross section high-intensity and high-tenacity spheroidal graphite cast-iron profile and preparation method thereof |
| CN112626434A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-04-09 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | Preparation process of power insulator iron cap |
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