CN102660657A - Low-cost production process for as-cast high-elongation nodular cast iron - Google Patents
Low-cost production process for as-cast high-elongation nodular cast iron Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost production process for as-cast high-elongation nodular cast iron. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting materials; burdening, namely preparing 20 to 45 weight percent of Z18 or Z22 new cast iron, less than 55 weight percent of foundry returns and 30 to 55 weight percent of scrape steel; smelting, namely feeding the prepared materials into a furnace and smelting; nodulizing, namely nodulizing by a nodularizing process; and performing instantaneous inoculation by using an inoculant during casting and purifying simultaneously to obtain the as-cast high-elongation nodular cast iron. The nodular cast iron which is obtained by the low-coast production process for the as-cast high-elongation nodular cast iron is the as-cast high-elongation nodular cast iron, middle and high-temperature ferritizing annealing is not needed, and the elongation can reach over 10 percent; and a large amount of scrape steel materials and foundry returns are used, so that cost is reduced, and the production cycle of a cast is shortened; the selection range of the ductile iron raw materials is widened; the sinkhole of the cast is avoided; cost is saved; and few ferro-silicon alloy or no ferro-silicon alloy is added into a furnace rear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting technology field, relate in particular to a kind of production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron.
Background technology
At casting field, unit elongation is called high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron greater than 10% spheroidal graphite cast iron, this spheroidal graphite cast iron all is widely used in mechanical industry, automobile manufacture industry.
The production technique of general high-elongation nodular cast iron is to use chemical ingredients as carbon (C) 3.5-4%, silicon (Si) 2.0-2.5%, violent (Mn) 0.2-0.6%, phosphorus (P)≤0.06%, sulphur (S)≤0.03% cast condition ductile iron, reaches unit elongation through the middle high temperature annealing more than 800-950 ℃ and satisfies the requirement more than 10%.
Three place's deficiencies below the production technique of above-mentioned high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron is existing more and more are familiar with by industry and are paid attention to, and the one, because high temperature annealing can bring energy consumption, and exerts an influence to environment, not only influence economic benefit but also influence social benefit; The 2nd, because chemical foundry goods needs high temperature annealing, cause the prolongation of production cycle, sluggish foundry goods delivery; The 3rd, because chemical ingredients silicon content lower (2.0-2.5%), when batching, limited the application of the higher Z18 of silicon content and the above new pig iron.
See this, production firm and scientific research institution are all trying to explore new technology both at home and abroad, use remedying above-mentioned shortcoming, and in document, also have report.Chinese patent CN1702182A discloses a kind of production technique of high-tenacity nodular cast iron, adopts chemical ingredients carbon (C) 3-3.2%, silicon (Si) 2.5-3.2%, manganese (Mn) 0.25-0.6%, phosphorus (P)≤0.06%, sulphur (S)≤0.03%; Thermal treatment process is: be heated to 820 ± 20 ℃, insulation 2.0 ± 0.5h, be as cold as 600-550 ℃ with stove and come out of the stove.This is a kind of high-tenacity nodular cast iron production technique of relative low carbon and high silicon, because it need be through 820 ± 20 ℃ anneal, therefore both wastes energy, and increases manufacturing cost again, but also causes prolongation to the production cycle; Because the composition carbon containing is relatively low, at 3.0-3.2%, the graphitizability of spheroidal graphite cast iron is not enough, and foundry goods is easy to produce shrinkage cavity class defective, and in order to prevent that foundry goods from producing shrinkage cavity, then need increase rising head or chill; Because the relative carbon containing of molten iron is low, at 3.0-3.2%, so the decline of graphite formation nuclear capability, cause foundry goods nodularization rate to reduce and the graphite form variation.
Existing spheroidal graphite cast iron production mainly is to carry out spheroidizing after utilizing the new pig iron (Q10-Q16) and foundry returns to dissolve and get; Perhaps in traditional spheroidal graphite cast iron batching, add a spot of steel scrap; Its add-on is not more than 15% at most, still need add a large amount of new pig iron, and its cast material is main with the new pig iron all; Cost is high, and profit is low.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is that a kind of production technique that need not to carry out the high temperature ferritizing annealing and help the low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron of energy saving and cost lowering will be provided.
Main task of the present invention is accomplished like this, and a kind of production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron may further comprise the steps:
100) select materials: choosing any one new pig iron that Z18 and Z22 cast in the new pig iron is raw material;
200) batching: get the new pig iron 20-45% of Z18 or Z22, foundry returns＜55%, steel scrap 30%-55% by weight percentage;
300) melting: with join melting in the material input stove of getting;
400) nodularization: with pouring the method nodularization; Adding is the 1.4-1.8% of weight of molten iron by the Cu of 85%-90wt%, the Mg of 5.5%-16.5 wt %, the nodulizing agent add-on that 1.2-1.5 wt %RE forms; Cover on the nodulizing agent and beat reality with No. 75 ferrosilicon of the 0.3-0.5% of iron water amount; The stokehold is bred No. 75 ferrosilicon of the 0.3-0.5% of iron water amount again when putting the molten iron nodularization, and the weight percent of the contained chemical ingredients of molten iron is C3.5-4%, Si2.6-3.2%, Mn0.15-0.5%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.03%;
Use the nucleating agent instant inoculation when 500) casting, add the molten iron purification agent simultaneously and purify, the add-on of said molten iron purification agent is 0.5% of a weight of molten iron, obtains cast state high extension rate ductile iron.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 100) Z18 described in casts weight percent C＞3.3, Si＞1.6-2.0, Mn≤0.3, P≤0.06, S≤0.03 of the contained chemical ingredients of the new pig iron.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 100) Z22 described in casts weight percent C＞3.3, Si＞2-2.4, Mn≤0.3, P≤0.06, S≤0.03 of the contained chemical ingredients of the new pig iron.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 200) foundry returns described in is a step 400) described in molten iron the spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head and scrap any one or its compound in the foundry goods.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, said step 300) in, said step 300) in, said carburelant is the graphite carburelant, said sweetening agent is a low-melting point composite calcium oxide desulfurizer.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 300) ferrosilicon described in is No. 75 ferro-silicons of silicon content 72-80%.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 400) nodulizing agent described in is the low basic nodulizing agent of rare-earth ferrite of high magnesium.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight percent of the low contained chemical ingredients of rare-earth ferrite matrix nodulizing agent of described high magnesium is Mg7-9, Re2.5-4.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, said step 300) be specially: be warming up to 1600-1650 ℃ after dissolving into molten iron, add the carburelant of 3.5-4.8% mass percent, the ferrosilicon of 0.6-2.5% mass percent carries out carburetting and mends silicon; The sweetening agent that then adds the 0.3-0.5% mass percent carries out desulfurization to be handled; Carry out oxygenating then and fall manganese and dephosphorization treatment; Carry out the stokehold chemical composition analysis at last, the adjustment chemical ingredients is carried out next-step operation after qualified.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 400) nucleating agent described in is that silicon content is the combination of No. 75 ferro-silicons or No. 75 ferro-silicons and the SiBaCa nucleating agent of 72-80%; Described instant inoculation is that the current-following inoculation that breeds while casting and nucleating agent add any one that breed in two-maing ladle and breed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the production technique of the low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron of the present invention; Resulting spheroidal graphite cast iron is a kind of cast state high extension rate ductile iron; High temperature ferritizing annealing unit elongation just can not reach more than 10% in not needing; And adopt a large amount of steel scrap material and foundry returns, and can reduce cost, shorten the castings production cycle; Enlarged the category of selecting for use of magnesium iron raw material; Foundry goods is difficult for producing shrinkage cavity; Practice thrift cost, and can not add or add less ferro-silicon behind the stove.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of production technique one preferred embodiment of the low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing preferred embodiment of the present invention is set forth in detail, thereby protection scope of the present invention is made more explicit defining so that advantage of the present invention and characteristic can be easier to it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Embodiment 1:
A) select materials, choose the weight percent of the contained chemical ingredients of producing and cast the new pig iron by the Z18 shown in the table 1 by Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Iron And Steel Plant;
B) batching is used steps A) the selected Z18 spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head of casting the new pig iron, this kind molten iron is foundry returns, be that the general carbon steel of C0.12-0.6, Si0.12-0.6, Mn0.35-0.65 is as steel scrap with the weight percent of contained chemical ingredients; Each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 45%, foundry returns 25%, steel scrap 30%;
C) melting: adopt 5T/h hot-blast stove chamber cupola melting; With join melting in the material input stove of getting; Be warming up to 1650 ℃ after dissolving into molten iron; The carburelant that adds the 3.5-4.8% mass percent, the 0.6-2.5% mass percent be that No. 75 ferro-silicons of 72.0-80.0% are ferrosilicon with defined silicon content among the CNS GB2272-87, carry out carburetting and mend silicon; Keep temperature, the sweetening agent that then adds the 0.3-0.5% mass percent carries out desulfurization to be handled; Carry out oxygenating then and fall manganese and dephosphorization treatment; Carry out the stokehold chemical composition analysis at last, the adjustment chemical ingredients is carried out next-step operation after qualified; Said sweetening agent is preferably low-melting point composite calcium oxide desulfurizer, mainly comprises CaO, CaC
2And CaF
2
D) nodularization; Pour the method nodularization in the bag; Adding is by the Cu of 85%-90wt%, the Mg of 5.5%-16.5 wt %, the nodulizing agent that 1.2-1.5 wt %RE forms, and add-on is 1.7% of an iron water amount, and covers on the nodulizing agent with 0.4% No. 75 ferrosilicon (big or small 5-20mm) of iron water amount; Smash and spread one deck perlite again after tightly beating reality, be added in the time of nodularization when putting molten iron to join in the bag through iron notch and breed with 0.4% No. 75 ferrosilicon (big or small 5-20mm);
E) cast; The SiBaCa nucleating agent that in two-maing ladle, adds 0.05-0.1% during casting carries out instant inoculation; Add the molten iron purification agent simultaneously and purify, the add-on of said molten iron purification agent is 0.5% of a weight of molten iron, obtains unit elongation and be 24.8% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.
Embodiment 2:
To be cast into foundry goods such as Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China automobile component ltd production screw block top cap, block tongue is example.
A) select materials, the Z18 that chooses the chemical ingredients shown in the table of being produced by Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Iron And Steel Plant 1 casts the new pig iron;
Batching, foundry returns adopt the spheroidal graphite cast iron cap pouring port of this kind molten iron and scrap foundry goods and respectively account for 50%, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 25%, foundry returns 20%, steel scrap 50%;
B) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.6% of an iron water amount, obtain unit elongation and be 22.9% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Half-axile sleeve foundry goods to be cast into Changshu, Changshu City, Jiangsu Province, China machinery head factory is an example.
A) select materials, the Z18 that chooses chemical ingredients shown in the table of being produced by Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Iron And Steel Plant 1 casts the new pig iron;
What B) batching, foundry returns adopted this kind molten iron scraps the foundry goods returns, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 37.5%, foundry returns 20%, steel scrap 42.5%;
C) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.7% of an iron water amount, obtain unit elongation and be 18.7% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
Be cast into the rectangular textile machinery factory in Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China to return foundry goods such as comprehensive arm, drag hook be example.
A) select materials, choose the contained chemical ingredients of producing and cast the new pig iron by the Z18 shown in the table 1 by Xuzhou, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China ox head mountain Iron And Steel Co., Ltd;
B) batching, the blended returns is as foundry returns mutually with the spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head to adopt the foundry goods of scrapping of this kind molten iron, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 20%, foundry returns 50%, steel scrap 30%;
C) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.5% of an iron water amount, obtain unit elongation and be 23% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5:
Oil cylinder foundry goods to be cast into Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China automobile component ltd each model of production is an example.
A) select materials, choose the contained chemical ingredients of producing and cast the new pig iron by the Z18 shown in the table 1 by Xuzhou, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China ox head mountain Iron And Steel Co., Ltd;
B) batching, the blended returns is as foundry returns mutually with the spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head to adopt the foundry goods of scrapping of this kind molten iron, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 40%, foundry returns 20%, steel scrap 40%;
C) melting, nodularization such as embodiment 1, the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.65% of an iron water amount, obtains unit elongation and be 21.1% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6:
Front axle housing foundry goods to be cast into Changshu, Changshu City, Jiangsu Province, China machinery head factory is an example.
A) select materials, choose the contained chemical ingredients of producing and cast the new pig iron by the Z18 shown in the table 1 by Xuzhou, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China ox head mountain Iron And Steel Co., Ltd;
B) batching, adopt this kind molten iron scrap foundry goods and spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head mutually the blended returns join by table 2 and to get as foundry returns;
C) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.7% of an iron water amount, obtain unit elongation and be 19.9% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7:
Front axle support foundry goods to be cast into Changshu, Changshu City, Jiangsu Province, China machinery head factory is an example.
A) select materials, choose the contained chemical ingredients of producing and cast the new pig iron by the Z22 shown in the table 1 by Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Iron And Steel Plant;
B) batching, the blended returns is as foundry returns mutually with spheroidal graphite iron dead head to adopt the foundry goods of scrapping of this kind molten iron, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 45%, foundry returns 0%, steel scrap 55%;
C) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.7% of an iron water amount, obtain high-elongation and be 20 high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8:
To be cast into Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China automobile component ltd production jack piston foundry goods is example.
A) select materials, the Z22 that chooses the chemical ingredients shown in the table of being produced by Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Iron And Steel Plant 1 casts the new pig iron;
B) batching, the blended returns is as foundry returns mutually with the spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head to adopt the foundry goods of scrapping of this kind molten iron, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 35%, foundry returns 35%, steel scrap 30%;
C) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.6% of an iron water amount, obtain unit elongation and be 19% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9:
To be cast into Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China automobile component ltd production jack rack foundry goods is example.
A) select materials, the Z22 that chooses the chemical ingredients shown in the table of being produced by Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Iron And Steel Plant 1 casts the new pig iron;
B) batching, the blended returns is as foundry returns mutually with the spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head to adopt the foundry goods of scrapping of this kind molten iron, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 37.5%, foundry returns 10%, steel scrap 52.5%;
C) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.6% of an iron water amount, obtain unit elongation and be 20.1% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 10:
With the wheel rim foundry goods that is cast into Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China traction machine ltd is example.
A) select materials, the Z22 that chooses the chemical ingredients shown in the table of being produced by Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Iron And Steel Plant 1 casts the new pig iron;
B) batching, the blended returns is as foundry returns mutually with the spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head to adopt the foundry goods of scrapping of this kind molten iron, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 35.5%, foundry returns 25%, steel scrap 39.5%;
C) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.7% of an iron water amount, obtain unit elongation and be 22.9% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 11:
With foundry goods such as the pull bar that is cast into the rectangular textile machinery factory in Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China, broaching tool arms is example.
A) select materials, the Z22 that chooses the chemical ingredients shown in the table of being produced by Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Iron And Steel Plant 1 casts the new pig iron;
B) batching, the blended returns is as foundry returns mutually with the spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head to adopt the foundry goods of scrapping of this kind molten iron, and each constituent mass per-cent is the new pig iron 37.5%, foundry returns 12.5%, steel scrap 50%;
C) melting, nodularization are with embodiment 1, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.5% of an iron water amount, obtain unit elongation and be 20.6% high-elongation spheroidal graphite cast iron.All the other are with the description to embodiment 1.
The above is merely embodiments of the invention; Be not so limit claim of the present invention; Every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to be done; Or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Table 1 is that Z18, Z22 cast the contained chemical ingredients of the new pig iron (weight percent)
Claims (10)
1. the production technique of a low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
100) select materials: choosing any one new pig iron that Z18 and Z22 cast in the new pig iron is raw material;
200) batching: get the new pig iron 20-45% of Z18 or Z22, foundry returns＜55%, steel scrap 30%-55% by weight percentage;
300) melting: with join melting in the material input stove of getting;
400), nodularization: with pouring the method nodularization; Adding is the 1.4-1.8% of weight of molten iron by the Cu of 85%-90wt%, the Mg of 5.5%-16.5 wt %, the nodulizing agent add-on that 1.2-1.5 wt %RE forms; Cover on the nodulizing agent and beat reality with No. 75 ferrosilicon of the 0.3-0.5% of iron water amount; The stokehold is bred No. 75 ferrosilicon of the 0.3-0.5% of iron water amount again when putting the molten iron nodularization, and the weight percent of the contained chemical ingredients of molten iron is C3.5-4%, Si2.6-3.2%, Mn0.15-0.5%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.03%;
Use the nucleating agent instant inoculation when 500) casting, add the molten iron purification agent simultaneously and purify, the add-on of said molten iron purification agent is 0.5% of a weight of molten iron, obtains cast state high extension rate ductile iron.
2. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 100) described in Z18 cast weight percent C＞3.3, Si＞1.6-2.0, Mn≤0.3, P≤0.06, S≤0.03 of the contained chemical ingredients of the new pig iron.
3. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 100) described in Z22 cast weight percent C＞3.3, Si＞2-2.4, Mn≤0.3, P≤0.06, S≤0.03 of the contained chemical ingredients of the new pig iron.
4. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 200) described in foundry returns be step 400) described in molten iron the spheroidal graphite cast iron dead head and scrap any one or its compound in the foundry goods.
5. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said step 300), said carburelant is the graphite carburelant, and said sweetening agent is a low-melting point composite calcium oxide desulfurizer.
6. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 300) described in ferrosilicon be No. 75 ferro-silicons of silicon content 72-80%.
7. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 400) described in nodulizing agent be the low basic nodulizing agent of rare-earth ferrite of high magnesium.
8. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the weight percent of the low contained chemical ingredients of rare-earth ferrite matrix nodulizing agent of described high magnesium is Mg7-9, Re2.5-4.
9. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said step 300) be specially: be warming up to 1600-1650 ℃ after dissolving into molten iron; The carburelant that adds the 3.5-4.8% mass percent; The ferrosilicon of 0.6-2.5% mass percent carries out carburetting and mends silicon; The sweetening agent that then adds the 0.3-0.5% mass percent carries out desulfurization to be handled; Carry out oxygenating then and fall manganese and dephosphorization treatment; Carry out the stokehold chemical composition analysis at last, the adjustment chemical ingredients is carried out next-step operation after qualified.
10. the production technique of low-cost cast state high extension rate ductile iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 400) described in nucleating agent be that silicon content is the combination of No. 75 ferro-silicons or No. 75 ferro-silicons and the SiBaCa nucleating agent of 72-80%; Described instant inoculation is that the current-following inoculation that breeds while casting and nucleating agent add any one that breed in two-maing ladle and breed.
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| CN106925725A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-07 | 浙江坤博机械制造有限公司 | A kind of diaphragm valve casting die peculiar to vessel and its casting technique |
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Application publication date: 20120912 |