CN102134625B - Method for producing castings by smelting iron chips with medium frequency furnace and briquetting - Google Patents
Method for producing castings by smelting iron chips with medium frequency furnace and briquetting Download PDFInfo
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- CN102134625B CN102134625B CN2011100562541A CN201110056254A CN102134625B CN 102134625 B CN102134625 B CN 102134625B CN 2011100562541 A CN2011100562541 A CN 2011100562541A CN 201110056254 A CN201110056254 A CN 201110056254A CN 102134625 B CN102134625 B CN 102134625B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing castings by smelting iron chips with a medium frequency furnace and briquetting. The method comprises the following steps: pressing iron chips, preparing furnace burden, smelting with the medium frequency furnace and pouring, wherein 1 part by mass of furnace burden is mixed with 0-0.02 part by mass of recarburizer for use; the furnace burden comprises the following raw materials by mass percent: 10%-60% of iron chip blocks, 0-50% of waste steel, 20%-30% of scrap returns and the balance of pig iron. In the briquetting process of iron chips, no additive is added and mechanical pressure is adopted to perform the cold moulding on the iron chips in bulk; the pressed iron chip blocks are used to prepare the furnace burden according to a designated ratio and the raw materials are added in the medium frequency furnace according to a special sequence to smelt iron and produce castings, thus the manufacturing cost is low, the waste residue, dust and waste gas discharged in the smelting process are less and the environmental pollution is little; and the utilization rate of iron chips is obviously increased, the productive rate of the briquetting of iron chips is about 90% and the productive rate of the iron chips in bulk is usually 80%-85%.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to waste and scrap recycling field, relate to the method that a kind of melting cast iron filing briquetting is produced foundry goods, particularly a kind of method of utilizing electrosmelting of intermediate frequency iron filings briquetting to produce foundry goods.
Background technology:
In recent years, pig iron resource growing tension, pig iron price is constantly soaring, and in for some time, the substantial appreciation of prices of the pig iron almost is one day monovalence; Particularly 2007 ~ 2008, pig iron price was from 2200 yuan/ton, rose extremely fast more than 5000 yuan/ton always, added expensive alloy, and starting material appreciate in the time more than a year at double fast, cause casting cost significantly to rise, and foundry's profit glides.Therefore, seek cheap metal charge and substitute the pig iron, reduce production costs, become the important topic of pendulum in face of foundry enterprise.Meanwhile, a large amount of iron filings that the annual machining of domestic a lot of factories produces, except that part is cast the timely reuse of factory, major part but overstocks.In addition because store, the haul-cycle time is long, oxidation corrosion is serious, not only influences the utilization ratio of waste material, causes environmental pollution and mass energy consumption, also influences other unit simultaneously and utilizes the quality of product afterwards again.So iron filings also press for recycling.Though the steel scrap price is lower than foundry iron, be higher than the iron filings price, and along with synthetic cast iron applying of some Foundry Inc. at home, its supply certainly will also can be nervous.Therefore, use a certain proportion of iron filings piece, reduce the part adding amount of scrap steel, the new synthetic cast iron technology that uses no or little foundry iron demonstrates its unique advantages and actual application value.
At present; The common methods of utilizing waste and old iron filings to produce foundry goods has three kinds: first kind is to adopt metallurgical blast cupola to be smelted into the regeneration ingot iron to supply foundry's production to use, but the burnt consumption of metallurgical blast cupola is high, seriously polluted, and remelted pig iron need secondary remelting be an ironcasting; Repeat power consumption, use gradually is under an embargo; Second kind is to adopt the cupola melting mode; This mode need be used the iron filings briquetting; In pressing process, usually adding additive adds wilkinite etc. and makes sticker as adopting boric acid to add fluorite powder, cement and lime powder etc., silicate cement or water glass adhesive; Like patent open (bulletin) number be that patents such as CN1083117, CN1360062A, CN101680051, CN1560287, CN101643844 and CN1294198A are said, though can increase density and resistance to impact shock behind the adding sticker, the utilization ratio of raising iron filings; But these stickers can make waste residue, dust and the exhausted air quantity of discharge increase, and environment is caused serious pollution; The third method is to use electric furnace, iron filings directly to carry out melting with the shape that looses and produces foundry goods; Like patent open (bulletin) number is that the patent of CN1040393, CN1040392, CN101633970 and CN1775981 is said; Specific surface area when the shape iron filings that loose are equal volume with the fundamental difference of the block pig iron, quality are different, and the surface-area oxidization burning loss that iron filings in bulk contact with air is serious; Simultaneously because the shape iron filings density of loosing is little, come-up even fly upward in fusion process, smog is big, and production on-site environment is worsened; Short and small diffusing iron filings easy-sintering sticks to the furnace wall at upper of furnace body and fire door position simultaneously, is difficult for falling under the stove, has a strong impact on melting efficiency and energy consumption.
Summary of the invention:
In sum, in order to overcome the deficiency of prior art problem, the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing electrosmelting of intermediate frequency iron filings briquetting to produce foundry goods; The present invention is in the process of iron filings briquetting; Not adding any additives and do not heat, is to rely on mechanical pressure with iron filings coldmoulding in bulk fully, and the iron filings piece that suppresses carries out the furnace charge preparation by regular ratios; And add by particular order that smelting iron liquid is used to produce foundry goods in the middle frequency furnace; The waste residue of discharging in the fusion process, dust, exhausted air quantity are few, and be little to the pollution of environment, economizes on resources and the energy; After adopting the iron filings briquetting, the iron filings utilization ratio obviously improves, the yield rate of iron filings piece about 90%, present method utilize middle frequency furnace to produce foundry goods to have an environmental pollution little, melting efficiency is high, advantage of low manufacturing cost.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of method of utilizing electrosmelting of intermediate frequency iron filings briquetting to produce foundry goods; Comprise iron filings compacting, furnace charge preparation, intermediate frequency furnace melting, four steps of cast, wherein, the carburelant of the furnace charge of every mass parts and 0～0.02 mass parts mixes use; Said furnace charge is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition: iron filings piece 10%～60%; Steel scrap 0～50%, foundry returns 20%～30%, all the other are the pig iron.
Further, the carburelant of the furnace charge of described every mass parts and 0～0.01 mass parts mixes use, and said furnace charge is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition: iron filings piece 30%～60%, and steel scrap 10%～30%, foundry returns 20%～30%, all the other are the pig iron.
Further, the carburelant of the furnace charge of described every mass parts and 0～0.02 mass parts mixes use, and said furnace charge is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition: iron filings piece 10%～50%, and steel scrap 20%～50%, foundry returns 20%～30%, all the other are the pig iron.
Further, the said pig iron is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition: 4.15% C, and 1.35% Si, 0.22% Mn, 0.021% S, the P of 0.045 %, surplus is Fe.
Further, said steel scrap is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition: 0.1%～0.39% C, and 0.26%～0.4% Si, 0.4%～1.02% Mn, 0.01%～0.032% S, the P of 0.035 %, surplus is Fe.
Further, the iron filings piece in the described iron filings compacting is that the pressure pressed of iron filings at the fully automatic hydraulic scrap metal machine formed.
Further, described said iron filings piece is cylindrical, and the iron filings piece is of a size of Φ 100 * 80mm～Φ 100 * 100mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention is in the process of iron filings briquetting; Not adding any additives and do not heat, is to rely on mechanical pressure with iron filings coldmoulding in bulk fully, and the iron filings piece that suppresses carries out the furnace charge preparation by regular ratios; And add by particular order that smelting iron liquid is used to produce foundry goods in the middle frequency furnace; The waste residue of discharging in the fusion process, dust, exhausted air quantity is few, and is little to the pollution of environment.
2, iron filings density behind the briquetting and intensity are high: the density of briquetting iron filings is 5～6g/cm3, and the density of the shape iron filings that loose is merely 1.6～2.0 g/cm3; The iron filings piece that suppresses falls from the height of 3 m and does not break, can guarantee to transport with the reinforced process of intermediate frequency furnace in the requirement of briquetting intensity.
3, iron filings are pressed into block back smelting iron liquid, and its utilization ratio obviously improves: the yield rate of iron filings piece is about 90%, and the yield rate of iron filings in bulk is usually 80%～85%.
4, furnace charge is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition in the common synthetic cast iron technology: steel scrap 50%～100%; The pig iron 0～30%, all the other are foundry returns and carburelant, the present invention compares with synthetic cast iron technology; Increased the application of iron filings; Reduced steel scrap ratio (the steel scrap ratio can be less than 50%), because iron filings are than steel scrap low price, economic benefit further improves.
5, the present invention through the result of trial production application is; Furnace charge is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition in original technology: the pig iron 40%～60%, and foundry returns 20%～30%, all the other are steel scrap and carburelant; And contain iron filings piece 10%～60% in the charge composition of new synthetic cast iron technology provided by the invention; Steel scrap 0～50%, foundry returns 20%～30%, all the other are the pig iron; Because the iron filings price is lower than steel scrap, far below the pig iron, with respect to original technology, the present invention makes the raw materials cost expense that foundry goods per ton can reduce by 1000～2000 yuan when high.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1 is processing HT200 trade mark foundry goods:
A kind of method of utilizing electrosmelting of intermediate frequency iron filings briquetting to produce foundry goods comprises iron filings compacting, furnace charge preparation, intermediate frequency furnace melting and pours into a mould four steps:
The first step, iron filings compacting: be iron filings to be pressed down at the fully automatic hydraulic scrap metal machine process the iron filings piece in the iron filings pressing process; The iron filings piece does not add any additives in the process of compacting; Do not heat, by adjustment scrap metal machine device parameter iron filings are cold-pressed into bulk fully; Described iron filings piece is cylindrical, and the iron filings piece is of a size of Φ 100 * 80mm～Φ 100 * 100mm;
Second step, furnace charge preparation: the carburelant of the furnace charge of every mass parts and 0～0.01 mass parts mixes use, and said furnace charge is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition: iron filings piece 30%～60%, and steel scrap 10%～30%, foundry returns 20%～30%, all the other are the pig iron; The chemical ingredients of used furnace charge is following:
The chemical ingredients of the pig iron (quality percentage composition) is: 4.15%C, and 1.35%Si, 0.22%Mn, 0.021%S, 0.045%P, surplus is Fe;
The chemical ingredients of steel scrap (quality percentage composition) is: 0.1%～0.39%C, and 0.26%～0.4%Si, 0.4%～1.02%Mn, 0.01%～0.032%S, 0.035%P, surplus is Fe;
Carburelant chemical ingredients (quality percentage composition) is: fixed carbon>=97%, and fugitive constituent≤1.2%, ash content≤1.8%, moisture≤0.8%, specific absorption is calculated by 90%.
When adopting the intermediate frequency furnace of 3t; The carburelant of every 3t furnace charge and 0～0.03t (corresponding with 0～0.01 mass parts of embodiment 1) mixes use, and every 3t furnace charge is made up of following raw material: iron filings piece 0.9～1.8t, steel scrap 0.3～0.9t; Foundry returns 0.6～0.9t, all the other are the pig iron; Iron filings piece+steel scrap+the pig iron+foundry returns in the intermediate frequency furnace of 3t=3 t, the proportioning of carburelant, furnace charge can realize according to following several kinds of schemes:
Scheme 1: carburelant 0.01t, iron filings piece 1.2t, steel scrap 0.3t, pig iron 0.6t, foundry returns 0.9t;
Scheme 2: carburelant 0.015t, iron filings piece 1.4t, steel scrap 0.4t, pig iron 0.4t, foundry returns 0.8t;
Scheme 3: carburelant 0.02t, iron filings piece 1.6t, steel scrap 0.5t, pig iron 0.2t, foundry returns 0.7t;
Scheme 4: carburelant 0.02t, iron filings piece 1.0t, steel scrap 0.7t, pig iron 0.6t, foundry returns 0.7t;
Scheme 5: carburelant 0.01t, iron filings piece 1.3t, steel scrap 0.9t, pig iron 0.7t, foundry returns 0.6t;
Scheme 6: carburelant 0.03t, iron filings piece 0.9t, steel scrap 0.9t, pig iron 0.5t, foundry returns 0.7t;
Scheme 7: carburelant 0.02t, iron filings piece 1.4t, steel scrap 0.6t, pig iron 0.2t, foundry returns 0.8t.
The 3rd step, intermediate frequency furnace melting: can select any one proportioning raw materials in above-mentioned seven schemes in the present embodiment, the interpolation of furnace charge is followed successively by in proper order from furnace bottom and adds carburelant, iron filings piece, (steel scrap+pig iron), foundry returns; The melting technology of present embodiment is: (1) is calculated add-on with furnace charge by said ratio earlier, adds in the intermediate frequency furnace successively above-mentioned furnace charge in order; (2) begin fusing, treat that molten iron melts the back thermometric, about 1450 ℃ when temperature is taken a sample; Real-time analysis molten iron chemical ingredients is adjusted the chemical ingredients of as requested according to result of laboratory test, and molten iron chemical ingredients (quality percentage composition) requirement is: 3.2%～3.5%C; 1.9%～2.4%Si, 0.7%～1.1%Mn, 0.08%～0.12%S; ≤0.15%P, surplus is Fe; (3) treat that hot metal composition is qualified after, molten iron is warmed up to 1500～1550 ℃ and comes out of the stove, and adds 0.3%～0.5% 75SiFe in the bag and carries out inoculation;
The 4th step, cast: during cast, moulding line be gas towards mo(u)lding line, simultaneously composition sample and Ф 30mm tensile test piece behind the pouring furnace, intensity and the hardness and the metallographic structure of analysis cast iron.
By method of the present invention, the various performances of processing nine batches of HT200 trade mark foundry goods that obtain with scheme 1 are as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Embodiment 2 is processing HT250 trade mark foundry goods:
A kind of method of utilizing electrosmelting of intermediate frequency iron filings briquetting to produce foundry goods comprises iron filings compacting, furnace charge preparation, intermediate frequency furnace melting and pours into a mould four steps:
The first step, iron filings compacting: be iron filings to be pressed down at the fully automatic hydraulic scrap metal machine process bulk in the iron filings pressing process; Iron filings are pressed in the block process and do not add any additives; Do not heat, by adjustment scrap metal machine device parameter iron filings are cold-pressed into bulk fully; Described iron filings piece is cylindrical, and the iron filings piece is of a size of Φ 100 * 80mm～Φ 100 * 100mm;
Second step, furnace charge preparation: the carburelant of the furnace charge of every mass parts and 0～0.02 mass parts mixes use, and said furnace charge is made up of the raw material of following quality percentage composition: iron filings piece 10%～50%, and steel scrap 20%～50%, foundry returns 20%～30%, all the other are the pig iron; Used intermediate frequency furnace is the 3t stove; The carburelant of then every 3t furnace charge and 0～0.06t (corresponding with 0～0.02 mass parts of embodiment 2) mixes use, and wherein every 3t furnace charge is made up of following raw materials mix: iron filings piece 0.3～1.5t, steel scrap 0.6～1.5t; Foundry returns 0.6～0.9t, all the other are the pig iron; Iron filings piece+steel scrap+the pig iron+foundry returns=3t in the intermediate frequency furnace of 3t, the proportioning of furnace charge, carburelant can realize according to following several kinds of schemes:
Scheme 1: carburelant 0.02t, iron filings piece 1t, steel scrap 0.6t, pig iron 0.5t, foundry returns 0.9t;
Scheme 2: carburelant 0.03t, iron filings piece 1.2t, steel scrap 0.8t, pig iron 0.2t, foundry returns 0.8t;
Scheme 3: carburelant 0.04t, iron filings piece 1.2t, steel scrap 1.0t, pig iron 0.1t, foundry returns 0.7t;
Scheme 4: carburelant 0.04t, iron filings piece 0.8t, steel scrap 1.2t, pig iron 0.4t, foundry returns 0.6t;
Scheme 5: carburelant 0.05t, iron filings piece 0.6t, steel scrap 1.4t, pig iron 0.4t, foundry returns 0.6t;
Scheme 6: carburelant 0.02t, iron filings piece 1.5t, steel scrap 0.6t, pig iron 0.3t, foundry returns 0.6t;
Scheme 7: carburelant 0.025t, iron filings piece 1.4t, steel scrap 0.7t, pig iron 0.1t, foundry returns 0.8t;
Scheme 8: carburelant 0.02t, iron filings piece 1.0t, steel scrap 0.7t, pig iron 0.4t, foundry returns 0.9t.
The 3rd the step, the intermediate frequency furnace melting: can select any one proportioning raw materials in above-mentioned eight schemes in the present embodiment, its order of addition(of ingredients), melting technology, come out of the stove and inoculated technology with embodiment 1, still; The Chemical Composition of molten iron in (3) (quality percentage composition) requires: 3.1%～3.4%C, 1.9%～2.2%Si, 0.8%～1.1%Mn; 0.08%～0.12%S; ≤0.10%P, 0.10%～0.30%Cr, surplus is Fe;
The 4th step, cast: during cast, moulding line be gas towards mo(u)lding line, simultaneously composition sample and Ф 30mm tensile test piece behind the pouring furnace, intensity and the hardness and the metallographic structure of analysis cast iron.
By method of the present invention
,The various performances of processing nine batches of HT250 trade mark foundry goods that obtain with scheme 2 are as shown in table 2:
Table 2
Claims (1)
1. a method of utilizing electrosmelting of intermediate frequency iron filings briquetting to produce foundry goods comprises iron filings compacting, furnace charge preparation, intermediate frequency furnace melting and pours into a mould four steps, and its special card is:
The first step, iron filings compacting: be iron filings to be pressed down at the fully automatic hydraulic scrap metal machine process bulk in the iron filings pressing process; Iron filings are pressed in the block process and do not add any additives; Do not heat, by adjustment scrap metal machine device parameter iron filings are cold-pressed into bulk fully; Described iron filings piece is cylindrical, and the iron filings piece is of a size of Φ 100 * 80mm～Φ 100 * 100mm;
Second step, furnace charge preparation: the carburelant of the furnace charge of every mass parts and 0～0.02 mass parts mixes use; Adopt the 3t intermediate frequency furnace; The carburelant of every 3t furnace charge and 0～0.06t mixes use, and every 3t furnace charge is made up of following raw materials mix: iron filings piece 0.3～1.5t, steel scrap 0.6～1.5t; Foundry returns 0.6～0.9t, all the other are the pig iron; Iron filings piece+steel scrap+the pig iron+foundry returns=3t in the intermediate frequency furnace of 3t, the mix proportion scheme that furnace charge, carburelant are selected for use: or carburelant 0.02t, iron filings piece 1t, steel scrap 0.6t, pig iron 0.5t; Foundry returns 0.9t/ or carburelant 0.03t, iron filings piece 1.2t, steel scrap 0.8t, pig iron 0.2t, foundry returns 0.8t/ or carburelant 0.04t; Iron filings piece 1.2t, steel scrap 1.0t, pig iron 0.1t, foundry returns 0.7t/ or carburelant 0.04t, iron filings piece 0.8t; Steel scrap 1.2t, pig iron 0.4t, foundry returns 0.6t/ or carburelant 0.05t, iron filings piece 0.6t, steel scrap 1.4t; Pig iron 0.4t, foundry returns 0.6t/ or carburelant 0.02t, iron filings piece 1.5t, steel scrap 0.6t, pig iron 0.3t; Foundry returns 0.6t/ or carburelant 0.025t, iron filings piece 1.4t, steel scrap 0.7t, pig iron 0.1t, foundry returns 0.8t/ or carburelant 0.02t; Iron filings piece 1.0t, steel scrap 0.7t, pig iron 0.4t, foundry returns 0.9t;
The 3rd step, intermediate frequency furnace melting: select the above-mentioned raw materials proportioning, the interpolation order of pressing furnace charge adds carburelant, iron filings piece, steel scrap, the pig iron, foundry returns from furnace bottom successively; Melting technology is: earlier furnace charge is calculated add-on by said ratio, add in the intermediate frequency furnace successively above-mentioned furnace charge in order; Begin the fusing, treat molten iron melt the back thermometric, when temperature 1450 ℃ of samplings; Real-time analysis molten iron chemical ingredients is adjusted the chemical ingredients of as requested according to result of laboratory test, and the quality percentage composition requirement of molten iron chemical ingredients is: 3.1%～3.4%C; 1.9%～2.2%Si, 0.8%～1.1%Mn, 0.08%～0.12%S; ≤0.10%P, 0.10%～0.30%Cr, surplus is Fe;
The 4th step, cast: during cast, moulding line be gas towards mo(u)lding line, simultaneously composition sample and Φ 30mm tensile test piece behind the pouring furnace, intensity and the hardness and the metallographic structure of analysis cast iron.
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Families Citing this family (6)
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| CN104293989A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 郑州汇金炉料有限公司焦作分公司 | Method for recycling phosphorus iron scraps |
| CN105838968A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-10 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method for smelting gray cast iron through scrap iron briquette |
| CN107447159B (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2019-03-26 | 刘建业 | A kind of method of duplex practice production synthetic cast iron |
| CN109848190A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-07 | 马鞍山旭阳机械有限公司 | A kind of machined metal clast recycling and forming integrated equipment |
| CN110479962A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-22 | 安徽凤杰金属资源有限公司 | One kind antifriction alloy made of wastes of iron and steel |
| CN110468251B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-12-21 | 湖北星源科技有限公司 | Iron liquid smelting recarburization method and recarburizing agent automatic synchronous feeding mechanism |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1294198A (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-05-09 | 贺玉顺 | Technology for producing casting with iron filings |
| CN101633970A (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2010-01-27 | 天津市鑫磊祥金属制品工贸有限公司 | Method for producing molten iron for casting by using medium frequency furnace and iron scrap |
| CN101892415A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-11-24 | 西安合力汽车配件有限公司 | Method for producing castings by utilizing waste scrap iron and waste steel |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1294198A (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-05-09 | 贺玉顺 | Technology for producing casting with iron filings |
| CN101633970A (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2010-01-27 | 天津市鑫磊祥金属制品工贸有限公司 | Method for producing molten iron for casting by using medium frequency furnace and iron scrap |
| CN101892415A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-11-24 | 西安合力汽车配件有限公司 | Method for producing castings by utilizing waste scrap iron and waste steel |
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