CN103882277A - Process for refining nickel-chrome alloy through oxygen-enriched top and bottom double-blowing two-step method - Google Patents
Process for refining nickel-chrome alloy through oxygen-enriched top and bottom double-blowing two-step method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103882277A CN103882277A CN201410113009.3A CN201410113009A CN103882277A CN 103882277 A CN103882277 A CN 103882277A CN 201410113009 A CN201410113009 A CN 201410113009A CN 103882277 A CN103882277 A CN 103882277A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for refining nickel-chrome alloy through an oxygen-enriched top and bottom double-blowing two-step method. The process comprises the steps of firstly, respectively smelting a chrome-iron solution and a nickel-iron solution, namely uniformly mixing laterite-nickel ore and coke powder and sintering to obtain a block, adding limestone and coke particles and smelting in a submerged arc furnace to obtain a solution for later use; uniformly mixing chrome ore powder and coke powder and sintering to obtain a block, adding silica and coke particles and smelting in the submerged arc furnace to obtain a solution for later use; and adding lime or fluorite in a refining furnace in advance, pre-heating, pouring the nickel-iron solution to the refining furnace, filling oxygen and removing silicon, mixing the chrome-iron solution, blowing a mixed gas of argon and oxygen and oxidizing, blowing to an end point, analyzing and regulating a molten steel sample and slagging out, controlling temperature, tapping steel and casting, and cooling to obtain a finished product. According to the process disclosed by the invention, the nickel-iron solution and the chrome-iron solution from the submerged arc furnace are charged and mixed in the argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) refining furnace which can blow oxygen on both top and bottom; stainless steel meeting a standard requirement is produced after oxidizing and removing such impurities as silicon; the process achieves the purposes of saving energy consumption, reducing production cost, improving product quality and increasing a product added value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless smelting, especially relate to a kind of two technique of blowing two-step approach Refining Nickel Chrome metal powder in the oxygen enrichment end, top that adopts.
Background technology
Since financial crisis outburst in 08 year, global economy is always in flagging state, and from international and domestic economic trend and global steel industry lead-time, China's stainless steel industry will enter quite long low speed meagre profit evolution period.Affected by the factor such as downstream demand slowdown in growth, the extruding of upstream materials high price, it is poor-performed that stainless steel enterprises generally faces existence, and stainless steel enterprises more than half are absorbed in loss situation.Therefore change conventional delta, thinking of development, implement fine-grained management, inwardly enhancing efficiency by relying on tapping internal latent power, control cost, strengthen technological innovation, realize the transformation to less energy-consumption low emission industry likeness in form by high energy consumption maximum discharge industry, improve technology level, promote the utilization ratio of resource, respond actively the predicament that industry development faces, promote industrial transformation upgrading and push structure adjustment, improving value-added content of product, is the only way which must be passed that enterprise strengthens the ability to ward off risks and the capability of sustainable development.
Rhometal is the iron alloy that contains a certain amount of pig iron, and its production cost is lower than pure nickel and can meet the stainless requirement of production, and the many substitute products as pure nickel in domestic stainless steel plant use.
At present enterprises of producing stainless steel adopts three-steps process to produce stainless steel more, and mineral hot furnace ingot bar-furnace melting-AOD refining furnace is smelted, i.e. first mine heat furnace smelting nickel-iron, ferrochrome piece, and then ferrochrome, ferronickel piece are fused into molten iron by electric furnace; Finally molten iron is entered to the refining of AOD refining furnace, obtain stainless steel finished product.Owing to containing higher unemployed latent heat in the first step when mine heat furnace smelting nickel-iron alloy, in second step iron process, need again to consume a large amount of electric energy (one ton of steel of every smelting needs power consumption 600 to spend), so high power consumption cost makes the stainless steel product selling at exorbitant prices of putting on market, has reduced the competitive power of enterprise.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the two technique of blowing two-step approach Refining Nickel Chrome metal powder in the employing oxygen enrichment end, top of a kind of energy efficient, minimizing cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
The two technique of blowing two-step approach Refining Nickel Chrome metal powder in the employing oxygen enrichment of the present invention end, top, comprises the steps:
The first step, smelts respectively ferrochrome, ferronickel solution
One, melting ferronickel solution
After the red soil nickel ore of nickel content > 1.6% and coke powder are weighed in the ratio of 95 ~ 92%:5 ~ 8%, in drum mixer, mix, entering 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C of sinter machines, to sinter piece into for subsequent use;
By the nickel block after sintering in nickel block: Wingdale: send into the ferronickel solution for later use of smelting into 1500 DEG C ± 10 DEG C in mineral hot furnace after the ratio weighing of burnt grain=92 ~ 94%:2 ~ 3%:4 ~ 5%;
Two, melting ferrochrome solution
After the chromite ore fine of chromium content 38 ~ 45% and coke powder are weighed in the ratio of 75 ~ 80%:20 ~ 25%, mix at drum mixer, entering 1100 ~ 1250 DEG C of sinter machines, to sinter piece into for subsequent use;
By the chromium piece after sintering in chromium piece: silica: the ferrochrome solution for later use that enters to smelt in mineral hot furnace 1500 DEG C ± 10 DEG C after the ratio weighing of burnt grain=86 ~ 90%:6 ~ 4%:8 ~ 6%;
Second step, nichrome refining
In refining furnace, add in advance lime or fluorite by the consumption of 20 ~ 25kg/ ton iron liquid, be preheated to after 300 DEG C, the ferronickel solution of the first step melting is poured into, logical oxygen in stove, oxidation desiliconization is to silicone content 0.5%, the ferrochrome solution of the first step melting is blended into (the weight part proportioning of ferronickel solution and ferrochrome solution is 2:1), when temperature rises to 1650 ~ 1750 DEG C, again add lime or fluorite by the consumption of 10 ~ 15kg/ ton iron liquid, then control 1560 ~ 1650 DEG C of temperature, being blown into argon oxygen gas mixture is oxidized, while blowing to terminal, get steel water sample analysis, after adjustment, skim, control the temperature casting of tapping in the time of 1500 ~ 1600 DEG C, after cooling, get product.
The granularity of described coke powder is less than 1mm, and the granularity of described burnt grain is 20 ~ 40mm.
Carbon content >=82% in described coke powder or burnt grain; Silicon content >=97% of described silica.。
The invention has the advantages that the ferronickel solution of emitting from mineral hot furnace and ferrochrome solution are coordinated to auxiliary material by a certain percentage again, hot charging heat is converted in the two AOD refining furnaces that blow in the oxygen end, top, after the impurity such as oxidation desiliconization, carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, produce the stainless steel that conformance with standard requires, reach energy efficient, reduce production costs, improve the quality of products and increase the object of added value of product.Technique of the present invention is compared with traditional stainless steel-making process, adopt ferronickel solution and ferrochrome solution hot charging heat to convert, avoid thermosteresis, take full advantage of ferronickel latent heat, shortened technical process, while ferronickel solution directly enters refining furnace and smelts into qualified Stainless Steel Products through redox, has saved the technique of electric furnace iron, smelt 1 ton of steel, 600 degree that can economize on electricity, greatly reduce energy consumption; This process makes full use existing equipment, there is the feature of less investment.
Embodiment
Below to smelt 304 stainless steel products as example, to adopting the two technique of blowing two-step approach Refining Nickel Chrome metal powder in the oxygen enrichment end, top to be elaborated:
The first step, smelts respectively ferrochrome, ferronickel solution
One, melting ferronickel solution
The coke powder that the red soil nickel ore of nickel content > 1.6% and carbon content >=82%, granularity is less than to 1mm mixes after weighing in the ratio of 95 ~ 92%:5 ~ 8% in drum mixer, entering 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C of sinter machines, to sinter piece (the about 1 ~ 10cm of agglomerate diameter becomes piece rate > 70%) into for subsequent use;
By the nickel block after sintering in nickel block: Wingdale: send into the ferronickel solution for later use of smelting into 1500 DEG C ± 10 DEG C in mineral hot furnace after the ratio weighing of burnt grain=92 ~ 94%:3 ~ 2%:5 ~ 4%; The granularity of burnt grain used is 20 ~ 40mm, the same coke powder of carbon content; About 1 ~ the 6cm of limestone granularity;
Two, melting ferrochrome solution
After being weighed in the ratio of 75 ~ 80%:20 ~ 25% with coke powder (specification is the same), the chromite ore fine of chromium content 38 ~ 45% mixes at drum mixer, entering 1100 ~ 1250 DEG C of sinter machines, to sinter piece (the about 1 ~ 10cm of agglomerate diameter becomes piece rate > 70%) into for subsequent use;
By the chromium piece after sintering in chromium piece: silica: the ferrochrome solution for later use that enters to smelt in mineral hot furnace 1500 DEG C ± 10 DEG C after the ratio weighing of burnt grain=86 ~ 90%:6 ~ 4%:8 ~ 6%; Burnt grain specification used is the same; Silicon content >=97% of silica used, the about 1 ~ 5cm of diameter;
Second step, nichrome refining
In refining furnace, add in advance lime or fluorite by the consumption of 20 ~ 25kg/ ton iron liquid, be preheated to after 300 DEG C, the ferronickel solution of the first step melting is poured into, logical oxygen in stove, oxidation desiliconization is to silicone content 0.5%, the ferrochrome solution of the first step melting is blended into (the weight part proportioning of ferronickel solution and ferrochrome solution is 2:1), while rising to 1650 ~ 1750 DEG C to temperature, again add lime or fluorite by the consumption of 10 ~ 15kg/ ton iron liquid, then control 1560 ~ 1650 DEG C of temperature, being blown into argon oxygen gas mixture is oxidized: while starting to blow, the ratio of argon oxygen gas mixture is Ar:O
2=1:3, now due to the oxidation of silicomanganese, the dense red cigarette of emerging, hot cigarette disappears, and flame is appeared, and illustrates that silicomanganese is substantially oxidized and is over, and carbon starts a large amount of oxidations, in the time that carbon flame shrinks deliquescing, the carbon in iron liquid is about 0.2% left and right, sampling analysis, and convert the argon oxygen ratio in argon oxygen gas mixture, use successively Ar:O
2=1:2, Ar:O
2the ratio of=1:1 continues blowing, when carbon flame shrinks bifurcated, around fire door, there is very thin red cigarette to emerge, carbon content is approximately 0.5 ~ 0.8%.While blowing to terminal, get the content of steel water sample analysis C, Mn, P, S, Si, Cr, Ni, and according to result of laboratory test, molten steel composition is adjusted and (when nickel content is low, can be added nickel before tapping, when chromium content is low, can add chromium), then skim, control the temperature casting of tapping in the time of 1500-1600 DEG C, obtain 304 stainless steel products after cooling.Through assay, the composition of 304 stainless steel products that obtain consists of: C≤0.08%, Mn 1.00 ~ 2.00%, Si≤1.00%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.03%, Cr 18-20%; Ni 8-11%; Surplus is Fe.
Claims (4)
1. adopt the two technique of blowing two-step approach Refining Nickel Chrome metal powder in the oxygen enrichment end, top, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
The first step, smelts respectively ferrochrome, ferronickel solution
One, melting ferronickel solution
After the red soil nickel ore of nickel content > 1.6% and coke powder are weighed in the ratio of 95 ~ 92%:5 ~ 8%, in drum mixer, mix, entering 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C of sinter machines, to sinter piece into for subsequent use;
By the nickel block after sintering in nickel block: Wingdale: send into the ferronickel solution for later use of smelting into 1500 DEG C ± 10 DEG C in mineral hot furnace after the ratio weighing of burnt grain=92 ~ 94%:2 ~ 3%:4 ~ 5%;
Two, melting ferrochrome solution
After the chromite ore fine of chromium content 38 ~ 45% and coke powder are weighed in the ratio of 75 ~ 80%:20 ~ 25%, mix at drum mixer, entering 1100 ~ 1250 DEG C of sinter machines, to sinter piece into for subsequent use;
By the chromium piece after sintering in chromium piece: silica: the ferrochrome solution for later use that enters to smelt in mineral hot furnace 1500 DEG C ± 10 DEG C after the ratio weighing of burnt grain=86 ~ 90%:6 ~ 4%:8 ~ 6%;
Second step, nichrome refining
In refining furnace, add in advance lime or fluorite by the consumption of 20 ~ 25kg/ ton iron liquid, be preheated to after 300 DEG C, the ferronickel solution of the first step melting is poured into, logical oxygen in stove, oxidation desiliconization is to silicone content 0.5%, the ferrochrome solution of the first step melting is blended into, when temperature rises to 1650 ~ 1750 DEG C, again add lime or fluorite by the consumption of 10 ~ 15kg/ ton iron liquid, then control 1560 ~ 1650 DEG C of temperature, being blown into argon oxygen gas mixture is oxidized, while blowing to terminal, get steel water sample analysis, after adjustment, skim, control the temperature casting of tapping in the time of 1500 ~ 1600 DEG C, after cooling, get product.
2. the two technique of blowing two-step approach Refining Nickel Chrome metal powder in the employing oxygen enrichment according to claim 1 end, top, is characterized in that: in described second step, the weight part proportioning of ferronickel solution and ferrochrome solution is 2:1.
3. the two technique of blowing two-step approach Refining Nickel Chrome metal powder in the employing oxygen enrichment according to claim 1 end, top, is characterized in that: the granularity of described coke powder is less than 1mm, and the granularity of described burnt grain is 20 ~ 40mm.
4. the two technique of blowing two-step approach Refining Nickel Chrome metal powder in the employing oxygen enrichment according to claim 1 end, top, is characterized in that: carbon content >=82% in described coke powder or burnt grain; Silicon content >=97% of described silica.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106148798A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏锦明不锈钢新材料有限公司 | A kind of stainless preparation technology |
| CN108977720A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-11 | 泰州市吉强不锈钢制品有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel bar material production method |
| CN109750137A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-14 | 明拓集团铬业科技有限公司 | A kind of direct heat of high carbon chromium molten iron converts the manufacturing method of production stainless steel |
| CN110819880A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Pretreatment process and application of chromium-containing low-nickel molten iron for production of 200-series stainless steel |
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| CN101892414A (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-24 | 郑州永通特钢有限公司 | Method for producing alloy steel by directly utilizing low-grade nickel-chromium commensal iron ore |
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| JPS5644757A (en) * | 1979-09-14 | 1981-04-24 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Two phase stainless steel excellent in hot workability |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106148798A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏锦明不锈钢新材料有限公司 | A kind of stainless preparation technology |
| CN108977720A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-11 | 泰州市吉强不锈钢制品有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel bar material production method |
| CN109750137A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-14 | 明拓集团铬业科技有限公司 | A kind of direct heat of high carbon chromium molten iron converts the manufacturing method of production stainless steel |
| CN110819880A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Pretreatment process and application of chromium-containing low-nickel molten iron for production of 200-series stainless steel |
| CN110819880B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-22 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Pretreatment process and application of chromium-containing low-nickel molten iron for production of 200-series stainless steel |
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Application publication date: 20140625 |