CN101874187A - 对二氧化碳进行废物处理的方法 - Google Patents

对二氧化碳进行废物处理的方法 Download PDF

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CN101874187A
CN101874187A CN200880021862A CN200880021862A CN101874187A CN 101874187 A CN101874187 A CN 101874187A CN 200880021862 A CN200880021862 A CN 200880021862A CN 200880021862 A CN200880021862 A CN 200880021862A CN 101874187 A CN101874187 A CN 101874187A
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carbon dioxide
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liquefaction
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H·鲍尔
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Linde GmbH
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Abstract

本发明描述了用于对在分馏和/或液化过程如天然气液化过程的一个或多个位置上产生的一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的方法和设备。根据本发明对含有二氧化碳的馏份实施净化(B)和/或液化(C)，随后进行暂时储存(D)。在此优选将经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份的至少一个支流(6)用作分馏和/或液化过程中的冷却剂(D)。

Description

对二氧化碳进行废物处理的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于对在分馏和/或液化过程如天然气液化过程的一个或多个位置上产生的一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的方法和设备。
背景技术
在分馏和/或液化过程中，例如天然气分馏和/或液化过程，在通常情况下产生一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份。此类“二氧化碳源”例如是来源于酸性气体去除或胺液洗涤过程的残余气体以及燃气轮机和蒸汽锅炉的废气流。前述的含有二氧化碳的馏份目前基本上未经处理即排放至大气。其原因在于，虽然TALuft(《德国清洁空气法案》)规定了烃类和硫化合物的极限值，但是没有规定二氧化碳的极限值；因此现在仍然允许不加限制地排放二氧化碳。根据目前关于二氧化碳问题的讨论，此类规定被认为是不再合乎时宜的。
在许多液化和/或分馏过程中，二氧化碳用作冷却剂。特别是在天然气液化过程中，纯二氧化碳冷却剂循环适合于对待液化的天然气实施预冷却；例如US 6,722,157公开了此类天然气液化方法。但是目前该(预冷)冷却循环所需的二氧化碳的供应以及尤其是废物处理没有得到足够的注意。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供用于对一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的方法及设备，其避免了前述的缺点。
为了实现该目的而建议用于对一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的方法，其特征在于，对含有二氧化碳的馏份实施净化和/或液化，随后进行暂时储存。
根据本发明用于对一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的设备的特征在于：至少一个净化单元和/或至少一个液化单元，其中送入含有二氧化碳的馏份，以及用于将经净化和/或经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份送去暂时储存的装置。
用于对一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的本发明方法和本发明设备的其他有利的实施方案的特征在于：
-经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份的至少一个支流用作分馏和/或液化过程中的冷却剂，
-经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份在其暂时储存之前泵压到至少100巴的压力，及
-含有二氧化碳的馏份的二氧化碳含量至少为90体积％。
下面依照附图中所示的实施例更详细地阐述用于对一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的本发明方法和本发明设备、膨胀透平以及它们的其他实施方案。
附图说明
图1所示为根据本发明的实施方案。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的黑框A、A′和A″代表多个“二氧化碳源”，例如一个或多个胺液洗涤装置(A)、一个或多个燃气轮机(A′)以及一个或多个蒸汽锅炉(A″)，如同它们在通常情况下于分馏和/或液化过程中的设置。
在这些“二氧化碳源”中产生的含有二氧化碳的气体或废气通过管道1、2和3排出，汇合，并经由共同的管道4导入净化单元B。该净化单元B优选由以吸收、吸附和/或渗透的方式运行的净化单元构成。若在个别情况下有需要，则该净化单元B还包括所导入的含有二氧化碳的馏份的干燥单元。从该净化单元B经由导管5排出的含有二氧化碳的馏份的二氧化碳含量优选大于90体积％。
现在对该馏份进行压缩，从而可以在设置在下游的液化单元C中使含有二氧化碳的馏份与适合的介质如冷却水、空气或其他合适的液体方向相反地进行液化。
现在可以根据本发明将经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份完全或至少部分地作为冷却剂例如用于在天然气液化过程中的预冷却，或者用于在从天然气分离出较轻的烃类如C2+或C3+烃时的冷却。该(预)冷却由黑框D表示，将含有二氧化碳的馏份经由导管6导入其中。
用作冷却剂(黑框D)的“消耗的”含有二氧化碳的馏份经由导管7重新导入液化单元C，并在其中任选地进行再次液化。
应当将该部分经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份送去暂时储存，借助一级或多级的泵送单元9将其泵压至所期望的暂时储存压力。优选为100巴以上。将含有二氧化碳的馏份经由导管8导入适合的暂时储存容器E，例如地下的储藏处
Figure GPA00001011144500031
或洞穴。
用于对一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的本发明方法和本发明设备特别适合于不固定的天然气生产设备，这是因为在此情况下由于与特定的烃类混合物相关联的完全性风险而优选将二氧化碳作为冷却剂用于预冷却。若一方面在分馏和/或液化过程中产生多种含有二氧化碳的馏份，而另一方面期望或需要液体二氧化碳或经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份作为冷却剂，则本发明总是有利地得到应用。

Claims (7)

1.用于对在分馏和/或液化过程如天然气液化过程的一个或多个位置上产生的一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的方法，其特征在于，对含有二氧化碳的馏份实施净化(B)和/或液化(C)，随后进行暂时储存(D)。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，将经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份的至少一个支流(6)用作分馏和/或液化过程中的冷却剂(D)。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，将经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份在其暂时储存(D)之前泵压(9)到至少100巴的压力。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一的方法，其特征在于，含有二氧化碳的馏份的二氧化碳含量至少为90体积％。
5.用于对在分馏和/或液化过程如天然气液化过程的一个或多个位置上产生的一种或多种含有二氧化碳的馏份进行废物处理的设备，其特征在于，至少一个净化单元(B)和/或至少一个液化单元(C)，其中送入含有二氧化碳的馏份，以及用于将经净化和/或经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份送去暂时储存(D)的装置。
6.根据权利要求5的设备，其特征在于，所述用于将经净化和/或经液化的含有二氧化碳的馏份送去暂时储存(D)的装置具有至少一个增压单元(9)。
7.根据权利要求6的设备，其特征在于，所述增压单元(9)能够将送去暂时储存(D)的含有二氧化碳的馏份的压力升高到至少100巴。
CN200880021862A 2007-06-26 2008-06-05 对二氧化碳进行废物处理的方法 Pending CN101874187A (zh)

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CN102589249A (zh) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-18 通用电气公司 二氧化碳液化系统

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DE102013011640A1 (de) * 2013-07-11 2015-01-29 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Sauergasen aus Erdgas

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