CN101864358B - Continuous solar biomass energy fermentation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous solar biomass energy fermentation device, which comprises a biomass energy fermentation device, a weight lifting device and a solid-liquid separation device, and a feed port (3) and an air duct are arranged on the top of the biomass energy fermentation device ( 4 ), there is a discharge port ( 19 ) at the bottom; the discharge port ( 19 ) is connected to the feed port ( 20 ) of the solid-liquid separation device , and the feed port ( 20 ) of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the centrifugal chamber ( 21 ) , the centrifugal chamber ( 21 ) is equipped with a drawing net ( 26 ), and the centrifugal chamber ( 21 ) is provided with a centrifugal discharge port ( 22 ), a centrifugal slag discharge port ( 24 ) and a centrifugal liquid discharge port ( 25 ). The invention solves the problem that the traditional biomass energy fermentation device cannot maintain a constant temperature, the gas production rate is low, it cannot continuously feed materials, it is difficult and dangerous to discharge materials, the separation of biogas slurry and biogas residues is not complete, and effective utilization cannot be achieved, and it is easy to crust and deposit during the reaction process And so on, the application prospect is very broad.

Description

A continuous solar biomass energy fermentation device

technical field

The invention relates to a biogas generating device, in particular to a continuous solar biomass energy fermentation device, which belongs to the technical field of biogas production devices.

Background technique

Biogas is a clean and renewable energy. Developed countries have been researching and utilizing biogas since the 1930s. In recent years, developed countries mainly set out to protect the environment, and established many biogas projects, and the biogas production technology has been relatively mature. Biogas production is gradually integrated and scaled up, from the original small-scale production model to the current large-scale centralized production. In recent years, my country's biogas industry has developed rapidly. Especially in rural areas, biogas energy is widely distributed. The production of biogas can make the treatment process of manure, straw and other organic wastes pollution-free, thereby protecting the natural environment, and can also solve the problems of fuel and lighting in rural areas and save energy. Under the call of the national policy of building a new countryside, the development and utilization of biogas energy in rural areas in my country has broad prospects.

At present, most of the known biomass fermentation devices for rural households use bricks and concrete to dig pits underground to build ponds. There are difficulties in digging pits for pond construction, uneven quality standards for pond construction, inability to continuously feed materials, and difficult management of discharge materials. , And many disadvantages such as low gas production rate. Structurally, a traditional biomass fermentation device consists of a feed room, a fermentation room and a discharge room, and its top is slightly higher than the ground. The feed room and discharge room of the biomass energy fermentation device are located on both sides of the fermentation room, which not only occupies a large area, is inconvenient for feeding and discharging materials, and the heat preservation effect is not ideal, but basically all biomass energy fermentation devices do not have Stirring device, the biogas slurry surface is easy to crust. In recent years, in some areas, glass fiber reinforced plastic underground semi-buried spherical biogas tanks are being built, but the problem of difficult discharge has not been solved.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a continuous solar biomass energy fermentation device with convenient discharge and discharge, so as to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is a continuous solar biomass energy fermentation device. It includes a biomass energy fermentation device, a weight lifting device and a solid-liquid separation device. The top of the biomass energy fermentation device is provided with a feed inlet and an air duct, and the bottom is provided with a discharge port; the discharge port is connected to the solid-liquid separation device. Feed port, the feed port of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the centrifugal chamber, and the centrifugal chamber is equipped with a pulling net, which is installed on the bearing, and the bearing is connected to the manual operation rod; a centrifugal discharge port is provided on the centrifugal chamber , Centrifugal slag outlet and centrifugal liquid outlet.

The above-mentioned continuous solar biomass energy fermentation device, the heavy hammer lifting device includes a heavy hammer lifting operating rod, a heavy hammer lifting rod and a heavy hammer; the heavy hammer lifting operating rod is connected to the top of the heavy hammer lifting rod, and the heavy hammer is connected to At the bottom of the weight lifting rod, the weight is placed in the discharge port of the biomass energy fermentation device to block the discharge port.

The aforesaid continuous solar energy biomass fermentation device is equipped with a manual agitator in the biomass energy fermentation device, the upper stirring fan and the lower stirring fan of the agitator are installed on the hollow carrying rod, and the carrying rod is sleeved on the heavy Outside the hammer lifting rod, the agitator operating rod is installed at the end of the carrying rod.

In the aforementioned continuous solar biomass fermentation device, the bearing is connected to the manual operating rod through gears; the manual operating rod is connected to the liquid lifter through a belt; a biogas slurry circulation pipe is installed on the liquid lifter, and one end of the biogas slurry circulation pipe It is connected to the centrifuge liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device, and the other end is connected to the feed port of the biomass energy fermentation device.

The aforementioned continuous solar energy biomass fermentation device, the upper part of the biomass energy fermentation device is a double-layer hollow design, and the cavity between the upper shell and the inner shell of the biomass energy fermentation device is filled with sealed water. The upper part of the material energy fermentation device is equipped with a floating cover, and the bottom of the floating cover is placed in sealed water.

The aforementioned continuous solar energy biomass fermentation device, the lower part of the biomass energy fermentation device is a double-layer hollow design, heating water is installed in the cavity between the lower shell and the inner shell of the biomass energy fermentation device, and a built-in ring The electric heating rod; the power interface of the electric heating rod is connected to the wire jack of the solar temperature control system through a wire; the wire jack is connected to the transformer, and the transformer is connected to the solar panel.

In the aforementioned continuous solar biomass fermentation device, the biomass fermentation device is cylindrical and conical, and the interface between the cylinder and the cone is designed in a streamlined shape.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: compared with the prior art, the present invention is mainly used in the production of small rural households and urban districts, and solves the problem that traditional biomass energy fermentation devices cannot maintain a constant temperature, have low gas production rate, cannot continuously feed materials, and are difficult to discharge. Dangerous, the separation of biogas slurry and biogas residue is not complete, and effective utilization cannot be achieved, and problems such as crusting and deposition are easy to occur during the reaction process. The main technologies used in the present invention are: constant temperature solar energy technology, which ensures constant biogas fermentation temperature, improves biogas production rate and gas production season time; adopts floating cover type biomass energy fermentation device cover to achieve the purpose of continuous feeding without air leakage; adopts The cylindrical cone biomass energy fermentation device (the interface between the cylinder and the cone adopts a streamlined design) is designed in one piece and the discharge of the heavy hammer lifting device overcomes the difficulty of discharging; the heavy hammer lifting blocking system is set to realize powerless operation; manual stirring is set A device is installed to ensure that the material is evenly stirred and the shell can be broken; a centrifugal drawing net solid-liquid separator and a manual liquid lifter are installed to achieve solid-liquid separation, continuous discharge and biogas slurry recycling. In order to ensure that the temperature of the biogas digester remains constant, the present invention adopts a solar constant temperature heating system. The solar panel is mainly composed of five parts: photovoltaic modules that convert light energy into electrical energy, solar cells, controllers that control the charging and discharging of solar cells, and small transformers. Photovoltaic modules absorb sunlight during the day, convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in solar cells. Generally, on sunny days, under the ideal light intensity, it only takes 4 hours to fully charge. After each charge is completed, it can be guaranteed for more than 5 days at most, and it can work normally for 3 consecutive days of cloudy and rainy days. Solar panels, like transistors, are made up of semiconductors. Its main material is silicon, but there are also some other alloys. When electricity is needed, the electricity in the solar panel is converted into 220V electricity through a small transformer. The lower part of the biomass energy fermentation device adopts a double-layer hollow design, the middle part is filled with water, and an electric heating rod is built in. When the reaction temperature in the biomass energy fermentation device is too low, use a plug wire to connect the electric heating rod and the solar cell to heat, and when the temperature reaches a certain temperature, the plug can be pulled out. In order to solve the problem of continuous feeding and air leakage prevention, the present invention adopts a floating cover type biogas tank cover, which is easy to disassemble and install, and the material enters the middle of the reaction tank directly from the inlet when feeding, and there is no gas leakage during the feeding process . In order to solve the problem of continuous discharge from the biogas digester, the upper and lower joints adopt a streamlined design, and use the heavy hammer lifting plugging system to control the discharge of the biogas digester. The maximum diameter of the heavy hammer is slightly larger than the diameter of the discharge port. The working principle is shown in the figure: When feeding, the heavy hammer falls to block the discharge port. The heavy hammer is pulled up with rigidity, that is, other power equipment is not suitable for the lifting process. The biogas residue will be discharged along the discharge port under the action of gravity. In order to fully mix, a manual agitator is installed outside the heavy hammer rod, the operating rod is placed on the upper part of the pool body, and a pair of stirring blades are installed on the lower part. In order to solve the problems of solid-liquid separation and liquid recycling, the present invention adopts a centrifugal solid-liquid separator and a manual liquid lifter. The biogas slurry and biogas residue are separated by centrifugation, and the biogas slurry is pumped to the upper part of the biogas digester through a manual liquid lifter for recycling.

The transformation and application prospect of the present invention: my country is a large agricultural production country, and the source of raw materials for producing biogas is abundant. As a new type of clean energy, biogas is gradually expanding its development scale to replace non-renewable energy such as coal. Therefore, biogas production will gradually develop. At present, the types of domestic small-scale biogas production equipment are single, and there are disadvantages such as difficult management of incoming and outgoing materials, difficult temperature control, and high energy consumption. Moreover, it cannot produce gas continuously. When the device finishes a cycle of fermentation, it takes about 20 days for unloading and re-feeding. After the gas production is stable, it needs to stop for about a month. It brings great difficulties to the continuous application of biogas, so the market urgently needs a biogas digester with low energy consumption, convenient management of incoming and outgoing materials, and constant temperature. The invention solves the problems of continuous air-leakage and continuous gas production, and has the advantages of convenient operation, simple design, and low development cost. Therefore, the application prospect is very broad.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural principle diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the working schematic diagram of solar temperature control system;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating cover of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a working principle diagram of the weight lifting device and the hand mixer of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a working principle diagram of the solid-liquid separation device and the liquid lifter of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Detailed ways

Example. As shown in Figure 1, it includes a biomass energy fermentation device, a weight lifting device and a solid-liquid separation device. Biomass energy fermentation equipment is mainly used for small-scale continuous gas production, which can be buried on the soil ridge, or fixed on the ground with fixing devices (such as brick laying, brackets, etc.). The main part of the biomass energy fermentation device is a transparent hard plastic cylinder, with an inlet 3 and an air duct 4 at the top, and an outlet 19 at the bottom; the outlet 19 is connected to the inlet of the solid-liquid separation device 20. The feed port 20 of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the centrifugal cavity 21, and the centrifugal cavity 21 is equipped with a drawing net 26, and the drawing net 26 is installed on a bearing 29, and the bearing 29 is connected by a pair of meshing gears 23 for manual operation Rod 28; the manual operating rod 28 is installed in the center of the gear wheel and connected to the liquid lifter 31 by a belt 30, so that the manual operating rod 28 can be shaken with a small force, so that the bearing of the solid-liquid separator can reach a higher rotating speed to Higher efficiency separates solids and liquids, and at the same time drives the liquid lifter 31 to run. A biogas slurry circulation pipe 32 is installed on the liquid lifter 31, one end of the biogas slurry circulation pipe 32 is connected to the centrifuge liquid outlet 25 of the solid-liquid separation device, and the other end is connected to the feed port 3 of the biomass energy fermentation device. A centrifugal discharge port 22 , a centrifugal slag discharge port 24 and a centrifugal liquid discharge port 25 are provided on the centrifugal chamber 21 . The solid-liquid mixture coming out of the biomass energy fermentation device enters the centrifugal cavity 21 of the solid-liquid separator through the feed port 20, and the pulling net 26 and the bearing 29 are rotated by shaking the manual operating rod 28 to generate centrifugal force, and the material enters the hollow bearing After 29, it overflows from the centrifugal discharge port 22 under the action of centrifugal force, and the overflowed solid-liquid mixture is stirred, and the solids come out from the centrifugal slag discharge port 24 under the promotion of the spiral pattern, and the slag is loaded with a movable slag receiving box 27, The liquid then flows to the centrifugal liquid outlet 25 . The liquid lifter 31 is connected to the manual operating rod 28 through the belt 30. When the manual operating rod 28 is shaken to separate the solid and liquid, the liquid is lifted to the upper part of the reaction device and directly flows into the biomass fermentation device through the biogas slurry circulation pipe 32 to achieve circulation. use. The heavy hammer lifting device includes a heavy hammer lifting operating rod 1, a heavy hammer lifting rod 17 and a heavy hammer 18; the heavy hammer lifting operating rod 1 is connected to the top of the heavy hammer lifting rod 17, and the heavy hammer 18 is connected to the bottom of the heavy hammer lifting rod 17 , the heavy hammer 18 is placed in the discharge port 19 of the biomass energy fermentation device, the maximum diameter of the heavy hammer 18 is slightly larger than the diameter of the discharge port 19, and the discharge port 19 is blocked. A manual agitator is installed in the biomass energy fermentation device. The upper agitating fan 12 and the lower agitating fan 13 of the agitator are made of rigid materials, and are installed on a hollow bearing rod 16, and the bearing rod 16 is set on the outside of the weight lifting rod 17. An agitator operating rod 2 is mounted on the end of the carrying rod 16 . The stirring blade can be rotated by shaking the operating lever 2 of the hand stirrer to achieve the stirring effect. Wherein the upper stirring fan 12 mainly uses the upper stirring to prevent crusting on the upper part of the reaction device. The lower stirring fan 13 is mainly used for stirring at the lower part to prevent deposition of reaction materials. In order to ensure continuous feeding and prevent air leakage, the upper part of the biomass energy fermentation device is a double-layer hollow design, and a sealing water 6 is installed in the cavity between the upper shell 7 and the inner shell 8 of the biomass energy fermentation device. The top of the energy-fermenting device is equipped with a floating cover 5, and the bottom of the floating cover 5 is placed in the sealing water 6. When feeding, the cover of the feed port 20 is opened by the switch controller 37, and the material directly enters the middle of the reaction device through the feed port 20. When not feeding, the feed port 20 is closed by the switch controller 37, and the generated biogas is discharged through the air guide pipe 4, and the air guide pipe 4 is inserted into the upper part of the biomass energy fermentation device through the channel. The lower part of the biomass energy fermentation device is a double-layer hollow design, and heating water 11 is installed in the cavity between the lower shell 10 and the inner shell 8 of the biomass energy fermentation device, and a ring-shaped electric heating rod 14 is built in; The power interface 15 is connected to a wire jack 36 of the solar temperature control system through a wire 35 ; the wire jack 36 is connected to a transformer 34 , and the transformer 34 is connected to a solar panel 33 . The biomass energy fermentation device is a cylinder-cone integrated type, and the interface between the cylinder and the cone is a streamlined design, which is convenient for unloading. The composition of the solar temperature control system is as shown in Figure 2. The solar panel 33 absorbs solar energy and converts it into electric energy and saves it. When electricity is needed, the electricity in the solar panel 33 can be converted into 220V electric energy by a small transformer 34. When the temperature of the biomass energy fermentation device is low, use the pin line 35 to connect the power interface jack 15 of the electric heating rod 14 and the wire jack 36 of the solar temperature control system to heat the heating water 11 in the shell of the biomass energy fermentation device , and then transfer heat to the reactants in the biomass fermentation device to ensure a constant temperature. The present invention is equipped with a heavy hammer lifting device, which can not only ensure the convenience of feeding and discharging materials, but also realize no power, that is, the heavy hammer does not need to use other power equipment during the lifting process. Its working principle is as shown in Figure 4, the weight 18 controls the ups and downs of the weight through the weight lifting rod 17 when feeding and discharging materials. The weight lifting rod 17 adopts a rigid material, which can be pressed downwards by manpower when the buoyancy of the liquid is large. During feeding and reaction, the discharge port 19 of the biomass energy fermentation device is blocked by a weight 18 . When discharging, the heavy hammer 18 is lifted by the heavy hammer lifting operation rod 1, and the material can flow out from the discharge port 19 and flow into the solid-liquid separation device.

Working principle: The material is input from the feed port 3, enters the biomass energy fermentation device and starts to react. During charging, the heavy hammer 18 falls under the control of the heavy hammer lifting operating rod 1 to block the discharge port 19. The generated biogas is discharged into the external biogas storage device along the air duct 4 . During the reaction, if the temperature is lower than the set value, connect the wire jack 36 of the solar temperature control system with the power supply interface 15 of the electric heating rod 14 with a wire 35, and the electric energy generated by the solar energy will be used in the biomass fermentation device. The heating water 11 is heated, reaches certain temperature, and unplugs pin line and gets final product. After the reaction is complete, use the heavy hammer to lift the operating rod 1 to pull the heavy hammer 18, and the biogas residue will be discharged along the discharge port 19 under the action of gravity. In this way, the two problems of difficulty in discharging and inability to maintain a constant temperature are solved. Shake the manual operating lever 28 to separate the mixed material entering the centrifugal solid-liquid separator from the feed port 20, and at the same time drive the liquid lifter 31 to run, so that the biogas slurry re-enters the biomass energy fermentation device through the biogas slurry circulation pipe 32, achieve recycling.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and various changes made without departing from the gist of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A continuous solar energy biomass fermentation device, including a biomass energy fermentation device, a weight lifting device and a solid-liquid separation device, characterized in that: a feed inlet (3) is provided on the top of the biomass energy fermentation device And the air duct (4), the bottom is provided with a discharge port (19); the discharge port (19) is connected to the feed port (20) of the solid-liquid separation device, and the feed port (20) of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the centrifuge Cavity (21), in the centrifugal cavity (21) is equipped with a drawer net (26), the drawer net (26) is installed on the bearing (29), and the bearing (29) is connected with the manual operation rod (28); in the centrifugal cavity ( 21) is provided with a centrifugal discharge port (22), a centrifugal slag discharge port (24) and a centrifugal liquid discharge port (25); the heavy hammer lifting device includes a heavy hammer lifting operation rod (1), a heavy hammer lifting rod (17) and weight (18); the weight lifting operating rod (1) is connected to the top of the weight lifting lever (17), and the weight (18) is connected to the bottom of the weight lifting lever (17), and the weight ( 18) Place it in the discharge port (19) of the biomass energy fermentation device, and block the discharge port (19); the upper part of the biomass energy fermentation device is double-layer hollow design, and the Sealing water (6) is installed in the cavity between the upper shell (7) and the inner shell (8), and a floating cover (5) is installed on the upper part of the biomass energy fermentation device, and the bottom of the floating cover (5) is placed in a sealed water (6); the lower part of the biomass energy fermentation device is a double-layer hollow design, and heating water (11 ), a built-in annular electric heating rod (14); the power interface (15) of the electric heating rod (14) is connected to the wire jack (36) of the solar temperature control system through a wire (35); the wire jack (36) is connected to the transformer (34), and the transformer (34) is connected to the solar panel (33). 2. The continuous solar energy biomass fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a manual agitator is installed in the biomass energy fermentation device, and the upper stirring fan (12) and the lower stirring fan of the agitator are The fan (13) is installed on the hollow bearing rod (16), and the bearing rod (16) is sleeved on the outside of the weight lifting rod (17), and the agitator operating rod (2) is installed at the end of the bearing rod (16). 3. The continuous solar biomass fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bearing (29) is connected to the manual operating lever (28) through a gear (23); the manual operating lever (28) is connected to the (30) Connect the liquid lifter (31); a biogas slurry circulation pipe (32) is installed on the liquid lifter (31), and one end of the biogas slurry circulation pipe (32) is connected to the centrifugal liquid outlet (25) of the solid-liquid separation device , and the other end is connected to the feed port (3) of the biomass energy fermentation device. 4. The continuous solar biomass fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biomass fermentation device is cylindrical and conical, and the interface between the cylinder and the cone is designed in a streamlined shape.

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