CN101863151A - Method for preparing metal compound plate by continuously and accurately compounding comprehensive protective material on thin substrate and metal compound plate thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing metal compound plate by continuously and accurately compounding comprehensive protective material on thin substrate and metal compound plate thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a metal compound thin plate by continuously and accurately compounding a comprehensive material with the thickness of 0.1 to 2.0mm and having comprehensive properties, such as corrosion prevention, wear resistance, erosion resistance and the like on a plain carbon steel or low alloy steel substrate with the thickness of 0.8 to 5.0mm and a product. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) the preparation of powder raw materials; (2) the preparation of compound layer materials; (3) activation treatment; (4) coating; (5) pre-bonding; (6) heating treatment; and (7) subsequent treatment. The compound plate has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, simple preparation process, high cost performance, energy conservation, consumption reduction and environmental protection and the like, uniform formation, high bonding intensity and high thickness consistency of the compound interface, and high formability and comprehensive properties, such as the corrosion prevention, the wear resistance, the erosion resistance and the like, and can be widely used for engineering machinery, environmental protection machinery, logistics machinery, hydro machinery, petrochemicals, metallurgy, electrical engineering, building materials, mines and special vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallic composite panel and production method thereof, further be meant compound composite sheet technology of preparing and product on the thin substrate of straight carbon steel or low-alloy steel with combination property material layers such as anticorrosion, wear-resisting, anti-impact erosions.
Background technology
At present, the metal composite board fabrication method mainly contains explosion method, welding method, direct rolling.
Anticorrosion, wear-resisting, the erosion wear resistance requirement of mechanized equipment under a lot of working conditions can not be satisfied in hardness number HB＜300 of the stainless steel clad plate of explosion method preparation, and anti-specific environment (as high-temperature sulfur corrosion etc.) or corrosive medium (as high-temperature acid or alkali) are relatively poor; Simultaneously, this preparation method can only produce the composite metal plate that composite bed thickness 1mm is above or composite plate gross thickness 2mm is above.
Though that the composite metal plate of welding method preparation satisfies is wear-resisting under numerous working conditions, the requirement of anti-impact erosion, can only produce composite bed thickness greater than 3mm, substrate thickness composite metal plate greater than 5mm; And this preparation method's cutter trade is obvious, and the coarse out-of-flatness of composite surface exists a large amount of macroscopic views or microfissure, causes the composite plate poor corrosion resistance, and range of application is restricted.
Directly rolling is not suitable for the composite metal plate of production higher hardness composite bed, and is used for production gross thickness minimum (complex process during as＜1mm) composite metal plate, cost height.Therefore, also there is certain limitation.
The often direct and various materials at the mechanized equipment of engineering machinery, environmental protection machinery, logistics machinery, water conservancy project machinery and applications such as petrochemical industry, metallurgy, electric power, building materials, mine and special vehicle; contact as environment such as dust, particle, block, corrosive liquids, gas or solid dielectric etc. and high temperature; this type of material can make mechanized equipment be subjected to comprehensive functions such as burn into weares and teares, washes away simultaneously in processes such as collection, storage, transhipment, conveying, discharging, thereby reduces the reliability and the service life of mechanized equipment.And the composite metal plate of explosion method, welding method or directly rolling preparation mostly only adapts to single working condition, as anticorrosion or wear-resisting etc.; And the thickness combination of above-mentioned three kinds of attainable composite beds of preparation method and substrate is limited, and reasonable usability is limited at different working condition the time, causes the waste of material easily.
Research and development have the metallic composite panel of combination properties such as anticorrosion, wear-resisting, anti-impact erosion, and particularly the metallic composite panel of thin substrate seems very important.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, deficiency at the prior art existence, propose a kind of at the method for preparing metal compound plate and the composite metal plate thereof that approach continuously accurate compound comprehensive protective materials on the substrate, its method can be produced combination property and thin substrate metal composite boards different-thickness, good moldability such as possessing good anticorrosion, wear-resisting, anti-impact erosion, and compound interface even tissue, bond strength height, the consistency of thickness of the metallic composite panel of preparation are good; Advantages such as the inventive method also has the efficient height, cost is low, preparation technology is simple, combination property is strong, cost performance is high, energy-saving and cost-reducing, environmental protection.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is that described is that ordinary carbon steel or the low-alloy steel thin plate thick with 0.8mm-5mm are substrate, prepare composite plate by following steps at the method for preparing metal compound plate that approaches continuously accurate compound comprehensive protective materials on the substrate:
(1) substrate surface activation processing: the composite surface for the treatment of that continuous operation is entered the substrate of surface treatment machining area carries out sandblast or bead, plays effects such as substrate surface deoils, rust cleaning simultaneously;
(2) apply: applying machining area, composite material evenly is overlying on the real estate after the activated processing; The thickness of composite material is 0.15mm-4.8mm, and this composite material is made the composite bed thickness 0.1mm-2mm behind the product;
(3) pre-combination:
When a. composite material is the powder material, adopt technology with powder pressing to make that composite material and substrate are pre-to be combined, become in advance in conjunction with sheet material;
When b. composite material is the mixture of powder stock and colloidal sol or solvent, the sheet material that has applied composite material is toasted processing at a certain temperature, make solvent evaporates, composite material in the composite material realize pre-the combination with base plate bonding, become in advance in conjunction with sheet material;
(4) heating: to entering heating in conjunction with sheet material in advance of heating region, make the composite material fusion and form the good interface metallurgical binding with substrate, the metal composite thin plate;
(5) subsequent treatment: can flatten prepared metal composite thin plate, carry out size by instructions for use and cut out and to cut etc.
Below the present invention made further specify.
A kind of in the following material of the optional usefulness of composite material of the present invention:
A. dusty material;
B. the homogeneous mixture of dusty material and colloidal sol;
The mass ratio of dusty material and colloidal sol can be 7-16: 1, and this moment, colloidal sol can fill up the space between the above-mentioned powder particle fully; Colloidal sol can fully be stirred by binding agent and solvent and form;
C. the homogeneous mixture of dusty material and solvent;
The mass ratio of dusty material and solvent can be 7-16: 1;
Described dusty material is a metal dust, or the homogeneous mixture of metal dust and ceramic powders; The granularity of described powder is below-150 orders.
When dusty material is the homogeneous mixture of metal dust and ceramic powders, weight ratio consumption≤70% of ceramic powders (be the weight ratio consumption of ceramic powders be not more than this homogeneous mixture weight 70%).
Described metal dust is Fe base, Ni base, Cu base, Co Base Metal or the alloy powder of fusing point between 800 ℃-1350 ℃, as FeCrBSi, NiFeCrBSi, NiCrBSi, NiCrSi, NiSiB, Ni-P, NiCrWB, NiMnSiCu, CuMnCo, CuMnNi or CoNiCrBSi etc.
Described ceramic powders is WC, CrC, BC, SiC or TiC etc.
Described solvent can be that distilled water, hydrocarbon, ethylene glycol, ethanol, dimethylbenzene or evaporation number are the ketone between the 10-100, as polystyrene+20wt%-40wt% dimethylbenzene, 15wt% polyvinyl alcohol+distilled water etc.
Described binding agent can be polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, polybutene, polystyrene or cellulose derivative.
Described heating can be adopted electrical induction, and heated sheet material is passed through continuously by the heating region of induction coil as heating source; Also can adopt other can make the evenly mode of heating of composite surface.
Described eddy-current heating is at atmospheric environment, reducing atmosphere protection (H
2, cracked ammonium, natural gas etc.), inert gas shielding (CO
2, N
2, Ar etc.) or vacuum in carry out.
Described heating and melting temperature is 810 ℃-1360 ℃.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is, the structure of the composite metal plate of the thin compound comprehensive protective materials of substrate is, on thick ordinary carbon steel of 0.8mm-5mm or the thin substrate of low-alloy steel, produce pre-being compounded with and possess anticorrosion, wear-resisting, anti-impact and lose the composite layer of combination property, composite layer thickness 0.1mm-2mm through applying composite material, compacting or heating successively in conjunction with, heating makes composite material fusion and thin substrate form metallurgical binding.
The present invention compared with prior art has following good effect:
(1) gross thickness of composite plate is the thinnest is 0.9mm, composite bed thickness can be realized continuously accurately control, multiple combination in 0.1-2.0mm (composite bed)+0.8-5.0mm (substrate) scope, therefore, obtain the optimum thickness combination that adaptive different working condition requires easily, realize the reasonable resources utilization.
(2) composition of composite bed can design and prepare the composite material with heterogeneity or composition combination according to user's instructions for use, and the protective characteristic of realizing composite metal plate is preferentially at a certain specific operation condition.
(3) good moldability of composite plate has combination properties such as anticorrosion, wear-resisting, anti-impact erosion simultaneously, can be widely used in engineering machinery, environmental protection machinery, logistics machinery, water conservancy project machinery, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, electric power, building materials, mine and special vehicle etc.;
(4) composite material and substrate can form good metallurgical bonding interface, and compound interface even tissue, bond strength height, consistency of thickness are good
(5) utilization rate of composite material can reach more than 98%, even can realize 100% stock utilization, is a kind of nearly clean technology of preparing;
(6) can realize heating up rapidly and accurate temperature controlling, the technology deadline is short.When working environment was atmospheric environment, oxidation, situation such as be mingled with significantly reduced the composite bed excellent performance of acquisition; When working environment was atmosphere protection, required protective gas amount reduced greatly, had advantage energy-saving and cost-reducing, environmental protection.
(7) composite plate when heating, carry the mode of heating, thermal efficiency height continuously in conjunction with sheet material.
(8) material powder wide material sources can adopt low price powder (as Fe base etc.), but the composite material diversification, and treat that the pre-treatment of composite base plate is less demanding, have the advantage that preparation technology is simple, production cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of metal composite thin plate eddy-current heating of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the technological process of production figure of metal composite thin plate of the present invention.
In the drawings: 1-induction power supply, 2-composite bed, 3-induction coil, the composite material that 4-applies, 5-substrate.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not limited to embodiment.
Embodiment 1: the single metal dust Ni15Fe16Cr3.5B4Si of compound 0.8mm thickness on the straight carbon steel substrate of 2000 * 1200 * 1.0mm.Calculate by stock utilization 98%, learn that composite material thickness needs 1.2mm.Concrete steps are as follows:
The preparation of step 1) composite material: choice of powder granularity-200+250 order, colloidal sol is formed 15wt.% polyvinyl alcohol+distilled water.Take by weighing the metal dust of 14.81kg as calculated, the colloidal sol of 1.72kg mixes and stirs.
Step 2) activation processing: treat composite base plate and do the sandblast activation processing, play effects such as substrate surface deoils, rust cleaning simultaneously.
Step 3) applies: composite material evenly is coated on the Q235 straight carbon steel substrate after the activated processing.
The pre-combination of step 4): under 120 ℃ of temperature, be incubated 30min, make the distilled water volatilization, so that composite material and base plate bonding.
Step 5) eddy-current heating: under general nitrogen atmosphere protection; set the power of high frequency induction heater; front edge of board to be advanced is placed induction coil; be warming up to 1080 ℃ in time rapidly at 40s; the composite plate portion temperature that induction coil surrounds rises rapidly, pre-combining powder generation fusion, and begin to move composite plate to the other end with the speed of 10mm/s this moment; then composite metal plate is carried out the rolling leveling and handle, and composite surface is detected.
Recording composite bed thickness is 0.8mm, the surface average hardness is HRC58, interface bond strength is 271MPa, the high-temperature resistant medium corrosive nature is better than the OCr18Ni9 stainless steel, abrasive wear resistance 0.191mm/h, abrasive conditions is: speed of mainshaft 350r/min, pressure 30kg, medium are 220ml running water+25g (140+320 order) SiC.
Embodiment 2: the Co10Ni32Cr3B3Si material of compound 1.0mm thickness on 300 * 400 * 3.0mm straight carbon steel substrate.Calculate by stock utilization 98%, learn that metal dust thickness needs 1.6mm.
Concrete steps are as follows:
The step 1) composite material is prepared: choice of powder granularity-275+325 order.Take by weighing the metal dust of 0.955kg as calculated.
Step 2) activation processing: treat composite base plate and do the sandblast activation processing, play effects such as substrate surface deoils, rust cleaning simultaneously.
Step 3) applies: composite material evenly is coated on the Q235 straight carbon steel substrate after the activated processing.
The pre-combination of step 4): composite material is carried out compaction treatment, it is bonded on the substrate.
Step 5) eddy-current heating: under atmospheric environment, set the power of high frequency induction heater, front edge of board to be advanced places induction coil, be warming up to 1160 ℃ in time rapidly at 65s, the composite plate portion temperature that induction coil surrounds rises rapidly, pre-combining powder generation fusion, and begin to move composite plate to the other end with the speed of 10mm/s this moment, then composite metal plate is carried out the rolling leveling and handle, and composite surface is detected.
Recording composite bed thickness is 1.0mm, and surperficial average hardness is HRC48, and interface bond strength is 268MPa, high temperature resistant performance of flushing is good, abrasive wear resistance 0.193mm/h, and abrasive conditions is: speed of mainshaft 350r/min, pressure 30kg, medium are 220ml running water+25g (140+320 order) SiC.
Embodiment 3: the Fe32Cr3B4Si material of compound 1.5mm thickness on the straight carbon steel substrate of 1000 * 500 * 5.0mm.Calculate by stock utilization 98%, learn that composite material thickness needs 2.4mm.
Concrete steps are as follows:
The preparation of step 1) composite material: choice of powder granularity-150+200 order, solvent are alcohol.Take by weighing the 5.97kg metal dust as calculated, measure 850ml alcohol, stir after the mixing.
Step 2) activation processing: treat composite base plate and do the sandblast activation processing, play effects such as substrate surface deoils, rust cleaning simultaneously.
Step 3) applies: composite material evenly is coated on the Q235 straight carbon steel substrate after the activated processing.
The pre-combination of step 4): the composite plate that is coated with composite material is placed 100 ℃ of insulation 30min, make the alcohol volatilization, so that composite material and substrate bonding.
Step 5) eddy-current heating: under the cracked ammonium atmosphere protection; set the power of high frequency induction heater; front edge of board to be advanced places induction coil; be warming up to 1280 ℃ in time rapidly at 100s; the composite plate portion temperature that induction coil surrounds rises rapidly, pre-combining powder generation fusion, and begin to move composite plate to the other end with the speed of 10mm/s this moment; then composite metal plate is carried out the rolling leveling and handle, and composite surface is detected.
Recording composite bed thickness is 1.5mm, the surface average hardness is HRC52, interface bond strength is 245MPa, decay resistance is better than the OCr13 stainless steel, abrasive wear resistance 0.198mm/h, abrasive conditions is: speed of mainshaft 350r/min, pressure 30kg, medium are 220ml running water+25g (140+320 order) SiC.
Embodiment 4: the 40wt.% metal dust Ni8Cr2B3Si+40wt.%WC ceramic powder material of compound 0.6mm thickness on the straight carbon steel substrate of 300 * 400 * 2.0mm.Calculate by stock utilization 98%, learn that composite material thickness needs 1.4mm.Concrete steps are as follows:
The step 1) powder stock is prepared: the choice of powder granularity is-the 275+325 order, and colloidal sol is formed 15wt.% polyvinyl alcohol+distilled water.Metal dust 1.40kg that takes by weighing as calculated and the WC ceramic powders of 0.931kg mix and stir.
Step 2) composite material preparation: take by weighing 0.16kg colloidal sol as calculated, mix with powder stock and stir.
Step 3) activation processing: treat composite base plate and do the sandblast activation processing, play effects such as substrate surface deoils, rust cleaning simultaneously.
Step 4) applies: composite material evenly is coated on the Q235 straight carbon steel substrate after the activated processing.
The pre-combination of step 5): under 120 ℃ of temperature, be incubated 30min, make solvent evaporates, so that composite material and base plate bonding.
Step 6) eddy-current heating: under general nitrogen environment, set the power of high frequency induction heater, front edge of board to be advanced places induction coil, be warming up to 1120 ℃ in time rapidly at 55s, the composite plate portion temperature that induction coil surrounds rises rapidly, pre-combining powder generation fusion, and begin to move composite plate to the other end with the speed of 10mm/s this moment, then composite metal plate is carried out the rolling leveling and handle, and composite surface is detected.
Recording composite bed thickness is 0.6mm, and surperficial average hardness is HRC58, interface bond strength 220MPa, and abrasive wear resistance 0.182mm/h, abrasive conditions is: speed of mainshaft 350r/min, pressure 30kg, medium are 220ml running water+25g (140+320 order) SiC.
Claims (9)
1. the accurate method for preparing metal compound plate of compound comprehensive protective materials continuously on the thin substrate is characterized in that ordinary carbon steel or the low-alloy steel thin plate thick with 0.8mm-5mm are substrate, prepare composite plate by following steps:
(1) substrate surface activation processing: the composite surface for the treatment of that continuous operation is entered the substrate of surface treatment machining area carries out sandblast or bead, plays effects such as substrate surface deoils, rust cleaning simultaneously;
(2) apply: applying machining area, composite material evenly is overlying on the real estate after the activated processing; The thickness of composite material is that this composite material is made the composite bed thickness 0.1mm-2mm behind the product;
(3) pre-combination:
When a. composite material is the powder material, adopt technology with powder pressing to make that composite material and substrate are pre-to be combined, become in advance in conjunction with sheet material; Compaction pressure is 60MPa-120Mpa;
When b. composite material is the mixture of powder stock and colloidal sol or solvent, the sheet material that has applied composite material is being toasted processing, making solvent evaporates, composite material in the composite material realize pre-the combination with base plate bonding, becoming in advance in conjunction with sheet material; Baking temperature is 80 ℃-180 ℃, and the time is 20min-60min;
(4) heating: to entering heating in conjunction with sheet material in advance of heating region, make the composite material fusion and form the good interface metallurgical binding with substrate, the metal composite thin plate; Heating-up temperature is 810 ℃-1360 ℃, and the time is 30s-3min;
Described composite material is a kind of in the following material:
A. dusty material;
B. the homogeneous mixture of dusty material and colloidal sol, the mass ratio of dusty material and colloidal sol is 7-16: 1;
C. the homogeneous mixture of dusty material and solvent, the mass ratio of dusty material and solvent can be 7-16: 1;
Described dusty material is a metal dust, or the homogeneous mixture of metal dust and ceramic powders; The granularity of described powder is below-150 orders;
When dusty material is the homogeneous mixture of metal dust and ceramic powders, weight ratio consumption≤70% of ceramic powders;
Described metal dust is Fe base, Ni base, Cu base, Co Base Metal or the alloy powder of fusing point between 800 ℃-1350 ℃.
2. according to the continuous accurately method for preparing metal compound plate of compound comprehensive protective materials on the described thin substrate of claim 1, it is characterized in that, prepared metal composite thin plate is flattened, carries out size by instructions for use and cut out and cut.
3. according to the continuous accurately method for preparing metal compound plate of compound comprehensive protective materials on the described thin substrate of claim 1, it is characterized in that described metal dust is FeCrBSi, NiFeCrBSi, NiCrBSi, NiCrSi, NiSiB, Ni-P, NiCrWB, NiMnSiCu, CuMnCo, CuMnNi or CoNiCrBSi powder.
4. according to the method for preparing metal compound plate of continuously accurate compound comprehensive protective materials on the described thin substrate of claim 1, it is characterized in that described ceramic powders is WC, CrC, BC, SiC or TiC.
5. according to the continuous accurately method for preparing metal compound plate of compound comprehensive protective materials on the described thin substrate of claim 1, it is characterized in that described solvent is that distilled water, hydrocarbon, ethylene glycol, ethanol, dimethylbenzene or evaporation number are the ketone between the 10-100.
6. according to the method for preparing metal compound plate of continuously accurate compound comprehensive protective materials on the described thin substrate of claim 1, it is characterized in that described binding agent is polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, polybutene, polystyrene or cellulose derivative.
7. according to the continuous accurately method for preparing metal compound plate of compound comprehensive protective materials on the described thin substrate of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described thermal recovery electrical induction that adds is passed through by the heating region of induction coil as heating source heated sheet material continuously.
8. according to the method for preparing metal compound plate of continuously accurate compound comprehensive protective materials on the described thin substrate of claim 7, it is characterized in that described eddy-current heating carries out in atmospheric environment, reducing atmosphere protection, inert gas shielding or vacuum.
9. the composite metal plate of the compound comprehensive protective materials of thin substrate, it is characterized in that, its structure is, on the thin substrate of the thick ordinary carbon steel of 0.8mm-5mm, produce pre-being compounded with and possess anticorrosion, wear-resisting, anti-impact and lose the composite layer of combination property, composite layer thickness 0.1mm-2mm through applying composite material, compacting or heating successively in conjunction with, heating makes composite material fusion and thin substrate form metallurgical binding.
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| CN102371719A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-03-14 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Method for preparing copper/molybdenum/copper layered compound metallic material |
| CN105643215A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-06-08 | 上海大学 | Direct forming manufacturing method of metal-based multilayer/gradient composite board and process unit of direct forming manufacturing method |
| CN109622939A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏阳明船舶装备制造技术有限公司 | Copper alloy surface wear-resistant coating and preparation method are prepared with CuMnNi |
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| CN105643215B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2018-10-23 | 上海大学 | The direct forming manufacturing method and its process unit of Metal Substrate multilayer/gradient composite plate material |
| CN109622939A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏阳明船舶装备制造技术有限公司 | Copper alloy surface wear-resistant coating and preparation method are prepared with CuMnNi |
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Application publication date: 20101020 |