CN105643215A - Direct forming manufacturing method of metal-based multilayer/gradient composite board and process unit of direct forming manufacturing method - Google Patents
Direct forming manufacturing method of metal-based multilayer/gradient composite board and process unit of direct forming manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/58—Roll-force control; Roll-gap control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/006—Powder metal alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2261/00—Product parameters
- B21B2261/02—Transverse dimensions
- B21B2261/04—Thickness, gauge
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct forming manufacturing method of a metal-based multilayer/gradient composite board and a process unit of the direct forming manufacturing method. Scale, corrosion materials and other impurities on the joint surface of a base board are removed through chemical cleaning, the cleaned surface is subjected to gradient power electromagnetic induction heating or laser bombardment surface treatment, all phases near the joint surface are fully dissolved, a solid solution is enhanced, toughness and corrosion resistance are improved, the surface stress of the board is eliminated, and surface laser treatment is conducted to improve the binding property of a composite layer; raw materials of the composite layer are added and injected through powder laying, a high-energy heat source is adopted for irradiation or induction heating to melt powder, metallurgical bonding is formed between the composite layer and a base, and control over the final shape of a cold/hot-rolled board is conducted. The obtained multilayer/gradient composite board is compact in surface structure, bonding between the composite layer and the base and between layers is good, and the interlayer bonding performance of the composite board is remarkably improved. The process is high in flexibility, and the production period of the metal-based composite board can be greatly shortened after the process is combined with an existing continuous casting technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal material or composite continuous casting method and device, particularly relate to a kind of metal-based compound preparation of plates method and apparatus, be applied to the manufacturing technology field of high-end sheet material.
Background technology
China is the first in the world big steel country, high performance-price ratio steel products accounting rate but lags far behind developed country, implementation energetically along with " made in China ", material preparation will be one of the pillar industry of China with equipment manufacture, the design of high-performance steel iron product with create the important topic promoting its development. Metal Substrate multilamellar/the gradient composite plate materials such as steel have irreplaceable position in main equipment manufacture, and particularly the effect in Aero-Space, steamer automobile, weapon national defence etc. of the high-end sheet material is particularly significant.
The processing method of conventional metals base composite board is based on casting-cold rolling or hot rolling mechanical ramming, and sheet material matrix and functional layer are mechanical bond, and in military service process, coming off of functional layer is the fatal problem of multilamellar/gradient composite plate material all the time. The such as manufacture of base steel bearing shell sheet material, it is exactly that the method adopting die cast produces Al-Sn alloy mother's ingot, cold rolling mode and matrix steel is taked to harden conjunction afterwards, as the Al-Sn alloy subject matter being to cause bearing failure that comes off in-service of bearing shell functional layer. For overcoming this problem, correlation engineering teacher and scientists have done a lot of effort, in order to reach the metallurgical binding between multilayer material, thermal diffusion, synchronize the method such as continuous casting, wherein synchronize the method that continuous casting refers to adopt point lobe crystallizer that multiple alloy carries out continuous casting simultaneously. Thermal diffusion method efficiency is low and energy consumption big, and synchronize continuous cast method due to equipment restriction the selection of material and the compound number of plies is all restricted.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve prior art problem, it is an object of the invention to the deficiency overcoming prior art to exist, direct forming manufacture method and the process unit thereof of a kind of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material are provided, improve the binding ability of the existing each interlayer of metal-based compound sheet material, realize whole metallurgical binding, break through the restriction of the compound number of plies and material gradient arrangement mode, maturation based on current high energy heat source generator and electromagnetic induction heating technology, the present invention comprehensively utilizes the multiple laying method of metal dust and laser, electron beam, electric arc, the metal molten means such as sensing heating provide the direct forming manufacturing technology of a kind of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material.Multilamellar/gradient sheet material that this technology manufactures, being entirely metallurgical binding between layers, gradient arrangement is adjustable, dense structure, surface smoothness is controlled, it is possible to be widely used in the equipment manufacture fields such as automobile, steamer, Aero-Space as producing high-quality Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material.
Creating purpose for reaching foregoing invention, the design of the present invention is as follows:
Existing machining cell is improved, based on increasing material manufacturing theory, the direct forming manufacturing approach craft basic procedure of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material is: the pretreatment �� composite bed of faying face or functional layer raw material add note �� fusing sintering �� hot/cold roll forming. That is, first pass through Process of Chemical Cleaning and sheet material mating surface is carried out pretreatment, remove surface scale, corrosion thing etc. and be not easy to the impurity thing that intermetallic combines. Hereafter, according to Material cladding requirement, select clean surface is carried out electromagnetic induction heating also or the pretreatment such as laser bombardment. This process is conducive to each phased soln near matrix sheet material composite surface, and Intensive intervention body also improves toughness and etch resistant properties, eliminates the configurations of surface such as plate surface stress, regulation and control roughness, in order to the machine-shaping of follow-up composite bed. Under the drive of roll, the Metal Substrate sheet material through pretreatment marches to composite bed raw material Tian Zhu district, adopts powder paving mode to set the composite bed material powder of specified altitude assignment on Metal Substrate strip upper berth. Hereafter, the powder laid is irradiated by high energy thermal source or electromagnetic induction heating melts, and forms good metallurgical binding with Metal Substrate sheet material. Composite board marches to roll further, and visual function requires and determines, and carries out cold heat rolling, carries out terminal strip thickness control simultaneously. Gained Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material surface texture is fine and close, composite bed is combined with matrix sheet material, problems such as can significantly improving that composite board inter-layer bonding force prepared by existing technique is poor, surface is easily lost, easily grind, be oxidizable. For gradient composite plate material, composite bed material powder can arbitrarily be allocated by composition, and accurate control and controlledization of follow-up high energy thermal source that combining powder is laid melt, and this technology can realize any materials Arbitrary Gradient and be distributed the production of composite board.
According to above inventive concept, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The direct forming manufacture method of a kind of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, comprises the steps:
A. matrix sheet material removing surface: adopt matrix sheet material, first pass through chemical cleaning method and matrix plate surface is processed, removes oxide skin and the corrosion thing of matrix plate surface; Chemical cleaning method preferably employs high speed and high pressure spray mode, and the cleansing medium flow of spray is 0-5L/min, and discharge outlet pressure is 0-5MPa; The Chemical cleaning width range of the matrix sheet material through aligning is preferably 0��1000mm, selects chemical cleaning media according to the character of processing object, and the corresponding chemical cleansing medium adopted is preferably acid solution or the aqueous slkali of preparation; Matrix sheet material adopt Metal Substrate sheet material, including in cut deal base, thin plate and thin volume base any one; Matrix sheet material material is preferably any one metal in steel, aluminum, aluminium alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, copper and copper alloy or the alloy of any several metal;
B. matrix sheet material pretreatment: the matrix plate surface after step a cleans is carried out gradient power electromagnetic induction heating and laser bombardment surface treatment, the various phases making the surface shallow-layer material of matrix sheet material are fully dissolved, and matrix plate surface after treatment is standby as the faying face of multilamellar to be prepared/gradient composites layer;As preferred technical scheme, when matrix sheet material is carried out electromagnetic induction heating surface preparation, employing three-phase voltage is 380V, and to control electromagnetic induction heating power be 0��150kW, according to pre-processing requirements, relation according to electromagnetic induction heating frequency Yu skin effect, controlling electromagnetic induction heating frequency is 0��40000Hz, and electromagnetic induction heating for being heated mode or heated on one side mode simultaneously in the upper and lower both sides of matrix sheet material; As preferred technical scheme, when matrix sheet material is carried out laser bombardment surface treatment, control laser energy is 0��5kW, and making laser frequency is 0��109Hz, and to control laser spot diameter be 0.001��5mm;
C. multilamellar/Gradient Composite Layer raw material add note: by spread powder laying method, according to the multilamellar/gradient composites layer thickness set, composite bed raw material is added note, make composite bed material powder uniform spreading be located on the step b matrix plate surface processed, form pine dress powder bed; As preferred technical scheme, when laying composite bed material powder, the composite bed material powder adopting granularity to be 0.01��0.2mm, the powder sending quantity controlling to lay is 0��3000g, powder paving mode adopts plane formula to lay or band compartment is laid, and the thickness controlling the pine dress powder bed that powder laying is formed is 0.01��5mm; When laying composite bed material powder, the composite bed material powder of employing is preferably monotectic alloy or refractory alloy; When laying composite bed material powder, the composite bed material powder of employing is preferably any one material in magnesium, magnesium alloy, zinc, kirsite, nickel, nickel alloy, chromium, evanohm, titanium, titanium alloy, zirconium, zircaloy, pottery and macromolecular material or any different materials mixture;
D. the fusing sintering of composite bed material powder: make the pine dress powder bed being layed on parent plate material surface in step c irradiate melt processed and electromagnetic induction heating process through high energy thermal source, the composite layer formed after making pine dress powder bed melted forms metallurgical binding with matrix sheet material, makes Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank; As preferred technical scheme, when the pine dress powder bed being layed in step c on parent plate material surface is carried out high energy thermal source irradiation melt processed, adopt lf mode of heating, electron beam melting mode of heating or electric arc melting mode of heating, when adopting lf mode of heating, control laser energy is 0��5kW, and laser frequency is 0��109Hz, laser spot diameter is 0.001��5mm, when adopting electron beam melting mode of heating, control beam energy is 0��10kW, use continuous electronic bundle that pine is filled powder bed to be heated, and to control electron beam spot size be 1��10mm, when adopting electric arc melting mode of heating, control arc energy is 0��50kW; As preferred technical scheme, when the pine dress powder bed being layed in step c on parent plate material surface is carried out electromagnetic induction heating process, employing three-phase voltage is 380V, and to control electromagnetic induction heating power be 0��200kW, the thickness of powder bed is filled according to pine, according to electromagnetic induction heating frequency and fusing thickness relationship, controlling electromagnetic induction heating frequency is 0��40000Hz, and electromagnetic induction heating for being heated mode or heated on one side mode simultaneously in the upper and lower both sides of matrix sheet material;
E. hot/cold roll forming: according to requirements, carries out cold heat by the Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank of preparation in step d and rolls processing, by cold heat is rolled the control of terminal thickness of slab, is finally made the Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material of one.As preferred technical scheme, Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material the blank of preparation in step d is carried out cold heat roll and add man-hour, control roll seam less than 100mm, and to make nip pressure be 0��5000N, when adopting hot rolling, first composite board blank is carried out electromagnetic induction heating or takes other mode of heating. the present invention is in the manufacture process of multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, first pass through Process of Chemical Cleaning oxide skin and corrosion thing to matrix plate surface to process, subsequently cleaning surface is carried out gradient power electromagnetic induction heating and laser bombardment surface treatment, various phases near mating surface are made fully to dissolve, Intensive intervention body also improves toughness and etch resistant properties, eliminate plate surface stress, good surface condition is provided for follow-up Compound Machining, then pass through paving powder laying apparatus, according to specific thicknesses, composite bed raw material is added note, afterwards, pine dress powder irradiates fusing through electromagnetic induction or high energy thermal source and forms metallurgical binding with matrix sheet material, finally, the sheet material that compound is good according to requirements carries out cold heat and rolls terminal strip thickness control, obtain surface texture densification, Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material that Coating combination is good. gained multilamellar/gradient composite plate material surface texture densification, composite bed and matrix, be well combined, the problem that can significantly improve conventional composite sheet material interlayer binding ability difference between layers. this technology flexibility ratio is high, is combined with existing continuous casting technology and is substantially shorter the metal-based compound sheet material production cycle.
A kind of process unit of the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material of the present invention, its machining cell includes the Chemical cleaning unit set gradually along matrix sheet material bearing of trend, matrix board surface processing device, powder laying apparatus, fusing sintering equipment, cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device, each equipment and device all carry out mounting arrangement according to the direct forming manufacturing process of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, matrix plate surface is carried out Chemical cleaning by Chemical cleaning unit, remove oxide skin and the corrosion thing of matrix plate surface, matrix board surface processing device includes surface treatment electromagnetic induction heater and laser bombardment surface processing device, matrix plate surface after Chemical cleaning is sequentially carried out gradient power electromagnetic induction heating and laser bombardment surface treatment, the various phases making the surface shallow-layer material of matrix sheet material are fully dissolved, matrix plate surface after matrix board surface processing device processes is standby as the faying face of multilamellar to be prepared/gradient composites layer, composite bed material powder uniform spreading is located on the matrix plate surface that laser bombardment surface processing device processed by powder laying apparatus, form pine dress powder bed, fusing sintering equipment includes powder smelting high energy heat source generator and powder smelting electromagnetic induction heater, the composite layer formed after making pine dress powder bed melted forms metallurgical binding with matrix sheet material, make Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank, then through cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device, Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank is carried out mechanical press, it is finally made the Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material of one.
As currently preferred technical scheme, when adopting Hot Rolling Mill that composite board blank is carried out hot rolling, additionally setting up electromagnetic induction heater before rolling between powder smelting electromagnetic induction heater and cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device, the front electromagnetic induction heater of rolling is treated the composite board blank entering Hot Rolling Mill and is carried out rolling front heating.
The present invention is in the manufacture process of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, process initially with the acid solution spraying method oxide skin to matrix plate surface and corrosion thing, iron scale and acid occur chemical reaction to be dissolved, the FeO of internal layer is the most soluble, and whole acid cleaning process is played a part acceleration;Then the cleaning surface of sheet material is carried out gradient power electromagnetic induction heating process, the use of gradient power is to produce thermograde on sheet material direct of travel, with dry preamble pickled surface gradually, the high-temperature region of sensing heating simultaneously can also make cleaning near surface respectively fully dissolve mutually, Intensive intervention body, eliminates surface stress to improve composite bed bond strength; Afterwards, the treatment measures such as surface such as laser bombardment are carried out as required, for the suitable surface condition that is provided in association with of composite bed; Faying face through pretreatment marches to composite bed material powder Tian Zhu district under the drive of rear end roll, adopts powder paving mode to form one layer of appointed thickness on substrate, specifies composition, specifies the compound material powder bed being distributed; The strip being loaded with pine dress powder bed advances to the thermal treatment zone under the drive of roll, is also irradiated by high energy thermal source or the composite bed material powder laid is carried out melt processed by sensing heating, make composite bed and matrix form good metallurgical binding; Afterwards, the sheet material that compound is good enters roll, carries out cold heat rolling as required, simultaneously completes terminal strip thickness control.
As such scheme of the present invention it is preferred that technical scheme, the machining cell of the process unit of the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, by organizing associated working, carries out realizing the production of the metallic multilayer/gradient composite plate material of the required any number of plies of industry, Arbitrary Gradient distribution more.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following apparent prominent substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage:
1. comprehensive integration of the present invention surface chemistry cleaning, electromagnetic induction heating or laser bombardment surface preparation, lay based on the composite bed material powder increasing material manufacture method, adopt high energy thermal source to irradiate or the powder smelting of electromagnetic induction heating, cold heat roll the multiple means such as whole type control, achieve the direct manufacture of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, be a whole process technology;
2. the Chemical cleaning pretreatment unit that the present invention is integrated at the beginning of multilamellar/gradient composite plate material directly manufactures, the oxide skin of matrix sheet material composite surface and corrosion thing etc. can be affected the impurity of compound between different metal to be removed, provide good surface condition for follow-up compound;
3. the present invention is after carrying out chemical method cleaning to matrix sheet material, carry out the surface treatments such as gradient power electromagnetic induction heating and laser bombardment, make respectively fully to dissolve mutually near matrix sheet material faying face, Intensive intervention body also improves toughness and etch resistant properties, eliminate plate surface stress, laser bombardment may be provided for the variation process of mating surface, it is possible to carries out the pretreatment of specific aim surface according to the characteristic of composite material, improves combined strength bination;
4. the integrated various metals surface treatment of the present invention and material multilayer pile up the direct forming technique and its relative special-purpose equipment that form metallurgical binding metal-based compound sheet material, it is applied to preparation and the equipment manufacturing technical field of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, realize the interpolation of composite bed raw material by laying the mode of powder in multilamellar/gradient composite plate material directly manufactures, can accurately control composite bed thickness, preparation process is made to simplify, multicomponent not being dissolved each other to metal as composite material, this method has the advantage of uniqueness;
5. the present invention uses the method that electromagnetic induction or high energy thermal source irradiate to be heated fusing to overlaying powder, it is possible to achieve the metallurgical binding of composite bed and base layer;
6. the present invention is the direct manufacturing technology of multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, relates to equipment few, and installation form is versatile and flexible, and efficiency is high, and standardization, seriation and generalization degree are high;
7. the present invention is combined with existing continuous casting technology, carrying out the production of multilamellar/gradient composite plate material using continuous casting steel billet as matrix sheet material, it is to avoid secondary oxidation and pollution, gradient sheet material cleannes are high, quality is good, even tissue, consistency are high, surface quality is good, and production efficiency is high;
8. the present invention is combined with existing continuous casting technology, can shorten the metal-based compound sheet material production cycle, has simple in construction, floor space is little, Factory Building and drainage are not had the advantage such as particular/special requirement, small investment simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the direct forming process unit structural representation of preferred embodiment of the present invention Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material.
Fig. 2 is the A direction view of Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Details are as follows for the preferred embodiments of the present invention:
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of process unit of the direct forming manufacture method implementing Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, its machining cell includes the Chemical cleaning unit 1 set gradually along matrix sheet material 8 bearing of trend, matrix board surface processing device, powder laying apparatus 4, fusing sintering equipment, cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device 7, each equipment and device all carry out mounting arrangement according to the direct forming manufacturing process of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, matrix sheet material 8 surface is carried out Chemical cleaning by Chemical cleaning unit 1, remove oxide skin and the corrosion thing on matrix sheet material 8 surface, matrix board surface processing device includes surface treatment electromagnetic induction heater 2 and laser bombardment surface processing device 3, matrix sheet material 8 surface after Chemical cleaning is sequentially carried out gradient power electromagnetic induction heating and laser bombardment surface treatment, the various phases making the surface shallow-layer material of matrix sheet material 8 are fully dissolved, matrix sheet material 8 surface after matrix board surface processing device processes is standby as the faying face of multilamellar to be prepared/gradient composites layer, composite bed material powder 9 uniform spreading is located on matrix sheet material 8 surface that laser bombardment surface processing device 3 processed by powder laying apparatus 4, form pine dress powder bed 10, fusing sintering equipment includes powder smelting high energy heat source generator 5 and powder smelting electromagnetic induction heater 6, the composite layer formed after making pine dress powder bed 10 melted forms metallurgical binding with matrix sheet material 8, make Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank, then through cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device 7, Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank is carried out mechanical press, it is finally made the Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material of one.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, when adopting Hot Rolling Mill that composite board blank is carried out hot rolling, additionally setting up electromagnetic induction heater before rolling between powder smelting electromagnetic induction heater 6 and cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device 7, the front electromagnetic induction heater of rolling is treated the composite board blank entering Hot Rolling Mill and is carried out rolling front heating.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, adopting rustless steel is matrix sheet material 8, and mock silver manufactures multilayer composite board as functional layer material or composite material direct forming, and mock silver adopts and is widely used in various car and the AlSn20Cu alloy of load-carrying vehicle engine bearing material.
In the present embodiment, after stainless steel base sheet material is processed by the Chemical cleaning unit 1 oxide skin to matrix sheet material 8 surface and corrosion thing, its cleaning surface is carried out gradient power electromagnetic induction heating and laser bombardment surface treatment, make respectively fully to dissolve mutually near mating surface, Intensive intervention body also improves toughness and etch resistant properties, eliminate plate surface stress, when powder laying apparatus 4, the AlSn20Cu alloy powder of particle diameter 50 ��m is located at the pretreated surface of stainless steel materials according to 100 ��m of uniform spreadings of predetermined thickness, when marching to powder smelting high energy heat source generator 5, alloy powder is irradiated fusing by high energy laser beam and forms good metallurgical binding with matrix, form stainless steel-based composite board, double, two roller controlling hot rolling sheet material end point thickness is carried out after electromagnetic induction heater 6 heats.Through the stainless steel-based bush material that this technique prepares, dense structure, surface smoothness is high, it is possible to significantly improve functional layer Al-Sn alloy as bearing shell during one's term of military service with matrix steel plate binding ability, it is to avoid the problem such as come off.
The present embodiment is by the once-forming manufacture process of acid cleaning process, electromagnetic induction heat treatment and the process of surface treatment of laser bombardment surface treatment, the accurate laying process of powder, the irradiation of high energy thermal source or electromagnetic induction heating fusing powder technology, Leng hot rolling strip thickness control process synthesis introducing Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, achieve the metallurgical binding between multilayer materials, breach the bottleneck that the composite board compound number of plies is limited, shorten process cycle, while improving production efficiency, improve the military service performance of sheet material with also helping.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated; but the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment; multiple change can also be made according to the purpose of the innovation and creation of the present invention; change, modification, replacement, combination or the simplification made under all spirit according to technical solution of the present invention and principle; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence; as long as meeting the goal of the invention of the present invention; without departing from the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material of the present invention and the know-why of process unit thereof and inventive concept, broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
A. matrix sheet material removing surface: adopt matrix sheet material, first pass through chemical cleaning method and matrix plate surface is processed, removes oxide skin and the corrosion thing of matrix plate surface;
B. matrix sheet material pretreatment: the matrix plate surface after described step a cleans is carried out gradient power electromagnetic induction heating and laser bombardment surface treatment, the various phases making the surface shallow-layer material of matrix sheet material are fully dissolved, and matrix plate surface after treatment is standby as the faying face of multilamellar to be prepared/gradient composites layer;
C. multilamellar/Gradient Composite Layer raw material add note: by spread powder laying method, according to the multilamellar/gradient composites layer thickness set, composite bed raw material is added note, make composite bed material powder uniform spreading be located on the described step b matrix plate surface processed, form pine dress powder bed;
D. the fusing sintering of composite bed material powder: make the pine dress powder bed being layed on parent plate material surface in described step c irradiate melt processed and electromagnetic induction heating process through high energy thermal source, the composite layer formed after making pine dress powder bed melted forms metallurgical binding with matrix sheet material, makes Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank;
E. hot/cold roll forming: according to requirements, Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material the blank of preparation in described step d is carried out cold heat and rolls processing, by cold heat being rolled the control of terminal thickness of slab, it is finally made the Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material of one.
2. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step a, chemical cleaning method adopts high speed and high pressure spray mode, and the cleansing medium flow of spray is 0-5L/min, and discharge outlet pressure is 0-5MPa.
3. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step a, the Chemical cleaning width range of the matrix sheet material through aligning is 0��1000mm, character according to processing object selects chemical cleaning media, and the corresponding chemical cleansing medium adopted is acid solution or the aqueous slkali of preparation.
4. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step b, when matrix sheet material is carried out electromagnetic induction heating surface preparation, employing three-phase voltage is 380V, and to control electromagnetic induction heating power be 0��150kW, according to pre-processing requirements, relation according to electromagnetic induction heating frequency Yu skin effect, controlling electromagnetic induction heating frequency is 0��40000Hz, and electromagnetic induction heating for being heated mode or heated on one side mode simultaneously in the upper and lower both sides of matrix sheet material.
5. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step b, when matrix sheet material is carried out laser bombardment surface treatment, control laser energy is 0��5kW, and making laser frequency is 0��109Hz, and to control laser spot diameter be 0.001��5mm.
6. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step c, when laying composite bed material powder, the composite bed material powder adopting granularity to be 0.01��0.2mm, the powder sending quantity controlling to lay is 0��3000g, powder paving mode adopts plane formula to lay or band compartment is laid, and the thickness controlling the pine dress powder bed that powder laying is formed is 0.01��5mm.
7. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step d, when the pine dress powder bed being layed in described step c on parent plate material surface is carried out high energy thermal source irradiation melt processed, adopt lf mode of heating, electron beam melting mode of heating or electric arc melting mode of heating, when adopting lf mode of heating, control laser energy is 0��5kW, and laser frequency is 0��109Hz, laser spot diameter is 0.001��5mm, when adopting electron beam melting mode of heating, control beam energy is 0��10kW, use continuous electronic bundle that pine is filled powder bed to be heated, and to control electron beam spot size be 1��10mm, when adopting electric arc melting mode of heating, control arc energy is 0��50kW.
8. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step d, when the pine dress powder bed being layed in described step c on parent plate material surface is carried out electromagnetic induction heating process, employing three-phase voltage is 380V, and to control electromagnetic induction heating power be 0��200kW, the thickness of powder bed is filled according to pine, according to electromagnetic induction heating frequency and fusing thickness relationship, controlling electromagnetic induction heating frequency is 0��40000Hz, electromagnetic induction heating for being heated mode or heated on one side mode simultaneously in the upper and lower both sides of matrix sheet material.
9. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step e, Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material the blank of preparation in described step d is carried out cold heat roll and add man-hour, control roll seam less than 100mm, and to make nip pressure be 0��5000N, when adopting hot rolling, first composite board blank is carried out electromagnetic induction heating or takes other mode of heating.
10. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step a, matrix sheet material adopts Metal Substrate sheet material, including in cut deal base, thin plate and thin volume base any one.
11. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 10, it is characterized in that: in described step a, matrix sheet material material is any one metal in steel, aluminum, aluminium alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, copper and copper alloy or the alloy of any several metal.
12. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 10 or 11, it is characterised in that: in described step c, when laying composite bed material powder, the composite bed material powder of employing is monotectic alloy or refractory alloy.
13. the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material according to claim 10 or 11, it is characterized in that: in described step c, when laying composite bed material powder, the composite bed material powder of employing is any one material in magnesium, magnesium alloy, zinc, kirsite, nickel, nickel alloy, chromium, evanohm, titanium, titanium alloy, zirconium, zircaloy, pottery and macromolecular material or any different materials mixture.
14. one kind is implemented the process unit of the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: its machining cell includes the Chemical cleaning unit (1) set gradually along matrix sheet material (8) bearing of trend, matrix board surface processing device, powder laying apparatus (4), fusing sintering equipment, cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device (7), each equipment and device all carry out mounting arrangement according to the direct forming manufacturing process of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, matrix sheet material (8) surface is carried out Chemical cleaning by described Chemical cleaning unit (1), remove oxide skin and the corrosion thing on matrix sheet material (8) surface, described matrix board surface processing device includes surface treatment electromagnetic induction heater (2) and laser bombardment surface processing device (3), matrix sheet material (8) surface after Chemical cleaning is sequentially carried out gradient power electromagnetic induction heating and laser bombardment surface treatment, the various phases making the surface shallow-layer material of matrix sheet material (8) are fully dissolved, matrix sheet material (8) surface after matrix board surface processing device processes is standby as the faying face of multilamellar to be prepared/gradient composites layer, composite bed material powder (9) uniform spreading is located on matrix sheet material (8) surface that described laser bombardment surface processing device (3) processed by described powder laying apparatus (4), form pine dress powder bed (10), described fusing sintering equipment includes powder smelting high energy heat source generator (5) and powder smelting electromagnetic induction heater (6), the composite layer formed after making pine dress powder bed (10) melted forms metallurgical binding with matrix sheet material (8), make Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank, then through cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device (7), Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material blank is carried out mechanical press, it is finally made the Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material of one.
15. process unit according to claim 14, it is characterized in that: when adopting Hot Rolling Mill that composite board blank is carried out hot rolling, between described powder smelting electromagnetic induction heater (6) and cold heat roll terminal composite board terminal point control device (7) additionally set up rolling before electromagnetic induction heater, before described rolling electromagnetic induction heater treat entrance Hot Rolling Mill composite board blank carry out rolling front heating.
16. process unit according to claims 14 or 15, it is characterized in that: the machining cell of the process unit of the direct forming manufacture method of Metal Substrate multilamellar/gradient composite plate material, by organizing associated working, carries out realizing the production of the metallic multilayer/gradient composite plate material of the required any number of plies of industry, Arbitrary Gradient distribution more.
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