Background technology
Promote the construction of Important Project along with country, the fields such as engineering machinery, mining machinery, heavy-duty vehicle industry are flourish, and the applying working condition of engineering machinery, mine mechanism is comparatively abominable, works under the conditions such as high speed, heavy duty, vibration, impact, friction and the erosion of dust hard particles for a long time; The excess load operation; Poor lubrication etc.Therefore cause these industries to use the key components and parts of equipment to exist to be easy to the deficiencies such as wearing and tearing, burn into work-ing life is shorter, annual huge because scrapping financial loss and the wasting of resources that component cause.If adopt advanced sufacing to make again reparation to the inefficacy component, recover its original size and performance, can make that the inefficacy component are reused, recirculation.HVAS is again one of gordian technique of manufacturing engineering, it utilizes the arc-melting metal spraying silk material that produces between two wires of sending to continuously, and it is atomized into little molten drop to the employing high pressure draft and high-velocity jet forms a kind of technique of coating to workpiece surface.It can prepare the function of surface thin layer that is better than the bulk material performance, when recovering accessory size, has further promoted the surface property of part.This technology has that production efficiency is high, cost is low, technique realizes that handiness is high, is suitable for on-the-spot field work, to advantages such as the transmission of workpiece substrate heat are little.The inferior position of arc spraying technology is that the electric arc spraying layer is the particle flattening deposition of a large amount of molten states, mutually superposes and form the technological process of coating, coatings and substrate forms is the chimeric but not metallurgical binding of machinery, make the bonding strength of coating lower, simultaneously, oxidation inevitably occurs and contains more oxide compound and hole in making coating in spray material under the atomizing air effect.These oxide compounds and hole are subject to can producing stress concentration under the effect of high impact forces and stronger repeated load in coating military service process, become the microcrack initiation source, finally cause disbonding to lose efficacy.These inferior positions have seriously limited the application of arc spraying technology in the industry spare parts remanufacture reparation industries such as engineering machinery.
, oxide content high deficiency low in view of the hot spray coating bonding strength, people have proposed the novel process that a kind of hot spray coating remelting is processed.It is to utilize thermal source with the one-tenth fractional melting that the most easily melts in coating, the liquid phase that produces helps the reinforcement of diffusion process and the infiltration of composition, and the result of fusing makes the land of hot spray coating and matrix reduce even disappearance by tissue, the hole that original stacking lamellar structure becomes even compact.Therefore adopt suitable remelting to process, can improve bonding strength and coating inner quality between coating and matrix, thereby improve wear-resisting, the corrosion resisting property of coating.
Therefore, a kind of high performance arc spraying powder core wire material that remelting is processed that goes for of necessary plan research and development, present existing arc spraying powder core wire material is confined to add merely various alloying elements, hard ceramic phase, amorphous formation element etc., improve the performance such as wear resistance, hardness, content of amorphous of coating but the element proportioning of existing powder cored filament material reckons without follow-up remelting processes, do not add from flux component, cracking resistance element and deoxidation element, therefore easily cause the defectives such as coating cracking, oxide buildup in the remelting treating processes.Therefore design a kind of interpolation very valuable from the powder cored filament material that flux component is applicable to the remelting processing, design philosophy of the present invention is to add alloying element when guaranteeing that coating has higher hardness and intensity, interpolation is from flux component, high temperature heat release element, deoxidation element, make coating possess the function of deoxidation, slag making when the TIG remelting, oxide inclusion can float on coatingsurface, spray material also has certain self-fluxing nature effect simultaneously, can emit heat in the remelting stage, promote the metallurgical binding in coating and basal body interface district.Have at present the arc spraying powder core wire material that is applicable to remelting that is added with from flux component Patents and bibliographical information are not arranged.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to expand the range of application of arc spraying technology, improve the bonding strength of electric arc spray-up and structure property and a kind of of development and design is added with from flux component, be applicable to the arc spraying powder core wire material that the follow-up remelting of coating is processed.Adopting coating coating after remelting of this arc spraying powder core wire material preparation is metallurgical binding with matrix, and coating structure is fine and close, porosity and oxide content reduction.
Provided by the present invention be added with from powder core composition and the quality percentage composition thereof applicable to the arc spraying powder core wire material of remelting of flux component as follows: Ni powder: 6~15%; Cr powder: 5~13%; Al powder: 4~8%; BFe powder: 5~7%; NbFe powder: 3~5%; The mishmetal nickel powder: 1~3%, wherein mishmetal nickel powder composition is that 60% Ni and 40% mixing Re form by the quality percentage composition, wherein mixes Re and by the quality percentage composition be 25~28% La; 48~52% Ce; 14~17% Nb and 4~6% Pu form; Surplus: Fe powder.
Existing powder cored filament material technology of preparing is adopted in the preparation of powder cored filament material of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
At first adopt arc spray process that powder cored filament material of the present invention is prepared into coating, utilize subsequently tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting sprayed coating, the effect of each component is as follows:
The Fe powder: the Fe in the high temperature molten drop forms α-Fe in spraying formation is coated with layer deposition process, increase through Fe atom and other extent of atomic diffusion after the remelting of tungsten argon arc thermal source, form the alternate complex tissue of γ-Fe and other hard phases, effectively improve the toughness of coating and the coordination matching of intensity.
The Al powder: the Al in the high temperature molten drop and Fe form FeAl and Fe in spraying formation is coated with layer deposition process
3Al intermetallic compound, and exothermic heat of reaction improve coating cohesive strength and bonding strength, through tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting coating rear section Fe
3Al is transformed into FeAl, and the lattice distortion degree increases, and hardness and the wear resisting property of coating further improve.
The Cr powder: the Cr in the high temperature molten drop and Fe spraying form to be coated with and form (Fe in layer deposition process, Cr) sosoloid is through solid solubility increase between Fe, Cr atom after the tungsten argon arc remelting, (Fe, Cr) the solid solution scale of construction increases, and hardness and the erosive wear resistance of coating further improve.
The BFe powder: in spraying process, B is easy to the O combination, forms B in the molten drop appearance
2O
3Film is avoided the molten drop oxidation, reduces the degree of oxidation of coating, and the O in tungsten argon arc thermal source reflow process in B and coating forms B
2O
3Float on the top layer, molten bath, effectively protect the molten bath oxidation, further reduce the oxide content of sprayed coating; Form Cr in reflow process
2B
3Hard phase further improves coating abrasion performance and erosive wear resistance, and the B element has in reflow process from the soldering performance in addition, improves the mobility of molten metal, improves the cohesive strength of coating.
The NbFe powder: in remelting sprayed coating process, Nb and O are easy in conjunction with forming Nb
2O
3Float on the top layer, molten bath, reduce the remelted layer oxide content; After remelting simultaneously, the Nb element plays and strengthens crystal boundary, raising coating cohesive strength, wear resistance, reduces the effect of remelted layer tearing tendency.
Mix the Re powder: in spraying process, mixed rare-earth elements plays the purification matrix surface, improves molten drop wettability and spreadability, improves anchoring strength of coating.In the remelting coating procedure, mixed rare-earth elements plays crystal grain thinning, strengthens crystal boundary, plays the effect that improves remelted layer wear resistance, abrasion-resistance and reduction remelted layer cracking performance.
Preparation method of the present invention adopts existing powder cored filament material technology of preparing, comprises the following steps:
1, the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm is rolled into U-shaped, then add above-mentioned powder core composition in U-shaped groove, filling ratio is 32~35%.
2, U-shaped groove is healed up, make powder core composition parcel wherein, by wortle drawing step by step, tube reducing, finally make diameter reach 2.0mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the mass percent of each component of appropriate design powder cored filament material, be different from existing arc spraying powder core wire material composition added in powder cored filament material of the present invention from flux component and alloy strengthening element, the effect of playing deoxidation and prevent from ftractureing in the coating reflow process, and diffusion of alloy elements forms new hard, wear-resistant phase, improve the wear resistance of remelted layer and be erosion property, adopt the tungsten argon arc remelting to the coating of the present invention's preparation after coating with and matrix reaches metallurgical binding, coating hardness reaches 770HV
0.1, porosity is reduced to 2.6%, oxide content is reduced to 2.47%, erosive wear resistance and wear resistance are better, and silk material of the present invention can be widely used in the component surface wearing and tearing of the high-loadeds such as heavy-duty vehicle, engineering machinery, mining machinery, thump, wear working condition harshness and repair and the new product surface strengthening.Apply and to bring great economic benefit, have important practical significance.
Embodiment
One, the composition of the arc spraying powder core wire material applicable to remelting of the present invention: crust is the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm; Powder core composition quality degree scope is as follows:
Two, the present invention can be used for the preparation method of the arc spraying powder core wire material of remelting:
1, the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm is rolled into U-shaped, then add above-mentioned powder core composition in U-shaped groove, filling ratio is 32~35%.
2, U-shaped groove is healed up, make powder core composition parcel wherein, by wortle drawing step by step, tube reducing, finally make diameter reach 2.0mm.
The below describes the present invention in detail according to specific examples, and it is more obvious that purpose of the present invention and effect will become.
Embodiment 1:
Crust is selected the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm, and powder core filling ratio is 32~35%.By wortle drawing step by step, tube reducing, finally make diameter reach 2.0mm.
At first adopting robot automation's High Speed Electric Arc Spraying system to prepare coating, spraying current through 45 steel matrix surfaces of sandblast roughening treatment: 160A; Spray voltage: 34V; Compressed air pressure: 0.7MPa; Spray distance: 200mm adopts the above-mentioned preparation coating of tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting subsequently, and remelting processing is: electric current: 90A; Argon flow amount: 9L/min; Welding gun translational speed: 3mm/s; Welding gun notices guaranteeing that apart from coatingsurface distance: 3mm the coating penetration is abundant, controls matrix melting amount, guarantees that the remelted layer profile is better.
Adopt sprayed coating and the remelted layer of above technique preparation to have the following characteristics effect:
Electric arc spraying layer surface photomacrograph as shown in Figure 1, sprayed coating surface uniform, smooth, quality is better.After remelting is processed, remelted layer surface photomacrograph as shown in Figure 2, remelted layer is wetting, sprawl better, surfacing, the defective such as do not find tiny crack and peel off.
Electric arc spraying layer X-ray diffraction phase composition analysis as shown in Figure 3, sprayed coating is mainly α-Fe, Fe-Al intermetallic compound and a small amount of oxide compound, hardness test is 530HV
0.1
Tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting sprayed coating X-ray diffraction phase composition analysis is mainly γ-Fe, Ni-Al intermetallic compound, (Fe, Cr) sosoloid and a small amount of Al as shown in Figure 4
2O
3Form, hardness test is 770HV
0.1, sprayed coating has improved 1.45 times relatively.
Electric arc spraying layer cross section microtexture photo as shown in Figure 5, laminate structure is obvious, hole and tiny crack are more, coating and basal body interface also exist a small amount of hole and tiny crack, bonding strength test is 38MPa.
Tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting sprayed coating section structure photo as shown in Figure 6, laminate structure disappears substantially, hole and tiny crack are few, coating and matrix are combined closely, the interface does not have hole and tiny crack, and face place and matrix have reached metallurgical binding, and remelted layer cross section microcell amplification is organized as shown in Figure 7, can see the brilliant tissue of obvious born of the same parents' shape, be conducive to improve wear resistance and the hardness of remelted layer.
Adopt ball-face contact mode, on CETR micro-moving frictional wear trier, electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelted layer, matrix 45 steel have been carried out friction-wear test, experimentation is the relative transfixion of the superstructure of GCr15 steel ball, the substructure that sample is housed is reciprocating in the horizontal direction, experiment parameter: load 50N; Metal to-metal contact; Wearing-in period: 15min; Frequency: 5Hz; Displacement amplitude D:5mm.
The frictional coefficient curve of electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelted layer, matrix 45 steel as shown in Figure 8, matrix 45 steel frictional coefficient are the highest, approximately 0.9, the prolongation fluctuation of the friction coefficient fraction time is apparent in view, wear resistance is relatively poor; Electric arc spraying layer frictional coefficient be lower than matrix 45 steel, and approximately 0.6, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelted layer frictional coefficient is minimum, and approximately 0.5, the prolongation of the friction coefficient fraction time changes steadily.
the electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelted layer, matrix 45 steel polishing scratch parameter after frictional wear is as shown in table 1, electric arc spraying layer polishing scratch width is 3/5 of matrix 45 steel, polishing scratch length is matrix 45 steel 4/5, the polishing scratch volume is 3/5 of matrix 45 steel, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting coating polishing scratch width is 1/2 of electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting coating polishing scratch length is 2/5 of electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting coating polishing scratch volume is 2/5 of electric arc spraying layer, above data show, the wear resistance that has improved coating is processed in the remelting of tungsten argon arc thermal source.
Above-described embodiment is used for the present invention that explains, rather than limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Crust is selected the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm, and powder core filling ratio is 32~35%.By wortle drawing step by step, tube reducing, finally make diameter reach 2.0mm.
Embodiment 2:
Crust is selected the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm, and powder core filling ratio is 32%.By wortle drawing step by step, tube reducing, finally make diameter reach 2.0mm.
At first adopting robot automation's High Speed Electric Arc Spraying system to prepare coating, spraying current through 45 steel matrix surfaces of sandblast roughening treatment: 160A; Spray voltage: 34V; Compressed air pressure: 0.7MPa; Spray distance: 200mm adopts the above-mentioned preparation coating of tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting subsequently, and remelting processing is: electric current: 90A; Argon flow amount: 9L/min; Welding gun translational speed: 3mm/s; Welding gun notices guaranteeing that apart from coatingsurface distance: 3mm the coating penetration is abundant, controls matrix melting amount, guarantees that the remelted layer profile is better.
Adopt sprayed coating and the remelted layer of above technique preparation to have the following characteristics effect:
After remelting is processed, remelted layer dense structure, evenly, pore and laminate structure reduce greatly.Compare sprayed coating, remelted layer and matrix are combined closely, and the bonding interface of remelted layer and matrix is not obvious.The average Wei Shi hardness of remelted layer cross section is 734HV
0.1, combination is metallurgical binding.Adopt ball-face contact mode, on CETR micro-moving frictional wear trier, electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelted layer, matrix 45 steel have been carried out friction-wear test, experimentation is the relative transfixion of the superstructure of GCr15 steel ball, the substructure that sample is housed is reciprocating in the horizontal direction, experiment parameter: load 50N; Metal to-metal contact; Wearing-in period: 15min; Frequency: 5Hz; Displacement amplitude D:5mm.Remelted layer frictional coefficient (0.486) is 0.69 times of sprayed coating frictional coefficient (0.697), and remelted layer polishing scratch width (0.26mm) is 0.4 times of sprayed coating (0.64mm).The remelted layer polishing scratch degree of depth (5.74 μ m) is 0.39 times of sprayed coating (14.38 μ m).Remelted layer abrasion loss volume (0.934 10
-6μ m
3) be sprayed coating (2.348 10
-6μ m
3) 0.39 times.
Embodiment 3:
Crust is selected the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm, and powder core filling ratio is 35%.By wortle drawing step by step, tube reducing, finally make diameter reach 2.0mm.
At first adopting robot automation's High Speed Electric Arc Spraying system to prepare coating, spraying current through 45 steel matrix surfaces of sandblast roughening treatment: 160A; Spray voltage: 34V; Compressed air pressure: 0.7MPa; Spray distance: 200mm adopts the above-mentioned preparation coating of tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting subsequently, and remelting processing is: electric current: 90A; Argon flow amount: 9L/min; Welding gun translational speed: 3mm/s; Welding gun notices guaranteeing that apart from coatingsurface distance: 3mm the coating penetration is abundant, controls matrix melting amount, guarantees that the remelted layer profile is better.
Adopt sprayed coating and the remelted layer of above technique preparation to have the following characteristics effect:
After remelting is processed, remelted layer dense structure, evenly, pore and laminate structure reduce greatly.Compare sprayed coating, remelted layer and matrix are combined closely, and the bonding interface of remelted layer and matrix is not obvious.The average Wei Shi hardness of remelted layer cross section is 817HV
0.1, combination is metallurgical binding.Adopt ball-face contact mode, on CETR micro-moving frictional wear trier, electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelted layer, matrix 45 steel have been carried out friction-wear test, experimentation is the relative transfixion of the superstructure of GCr15 steel ball, the substructure that sample is housed is reciprocating in the horizontal direction, experiment parameter: load 50N; Metal to-metal contact; Wearing-in period: 15min; Frequency: 5Hz; Displacement amplitude D:5mm.Remelted layer frictional coefficient (0.534) is 0.72 times of sprayed coating frictional coefficient (0.734), and remelted layer polishing scratch width (0.34mm) is 0.47 times of sprayed coating (0.72mm).The remelted layer polishing scratch degree of depth (7.28 μ m) is 0.44 times of sprayed coating (16.49 μ m).Remelted layer abrasion loss volume (1.167 10
-6μ m
3) be sprayed coating (2.637 10
-6μ m
3) 0.44 times.
Embodiment 4:
Crust is selected the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm, and powder core filling ratio is 35%.By wortle drawing step by step, tube reducing, finally make diameter reach 2.0mm.
At first adopting robot automation's High Speed Electric Arc Spraying system to prepare coating, spraying current through 45 steel matrix surfaces of sandblast roughening treatment: 160A; Spray voltage: 34V; Compressed air pressure: 0.7MPa; Spray distance: 200mm adopts the above-mentioned preparation coating of tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting subsequently, and remelting processing is: electric current: 90A; Argon flow amount: 9L/min; Welding gun translational speed: 3mm/s; Welding gun notices guaranteeing that apart from coatingsurface distance: 3mm the coating penetration is abundant, controls matrix melting amount, guarantees that the remelted layer profile is better.
Adopt sprayed coating and the remelted layer of above technique preparation to have the following characteristics effect:
After remelting is processed, remelted layer dense structure, evenly, pore and laminate structure reduce greatly.Compare sprayed coating, remelted layer and matrix are combined closely, and the bonding interface of remelted layer and matrix is not obvious.The average Wei Shi hardness of remelted layer cross section is 657HV
0.1, combination is metallurgical binding.Adopt ball-face contact mode, on CETR micro-moving frictional wear trier, electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelted layer, matrix 45 steel have been carried out friction-wear test, experimentation is the relative transfixion of the superstructure of GCr15 steel ball, the substructure that sample is housed is reciprocating in the horizontal direction, experiment parameter: load 50N; Metal to-metal contact; Wearing-in period: 15min; Frequency: 5Hz; Displacement amplitude D:5mm.Remelted layer frictional coefficient (0.576) is 0.68 times of sprayed coating frictional coefficient (0.846), and remelted layer polishing scratch width (0.39mm) is 0.5 times of sprayed coating (0.78mm).The remelted layer polishing scratch degree of depth (8.34 μ m) is 0.46 times of sprayed coating (18.19 μ m).Remelted layer abrasion loss volume (1.879 10
-6μ m
3) be sprayed coating (2.943 10
-6μ m
3) 0.64 times.
Embodiment 5:
Crust is selected the 08F mild-carbon steel strip of 0.3 * 10mm, and powder core filling ratio is 35%.By wortle drawing step by step, tube reducing, finally make diameter reach 2.0mm.
At first adopting robot automation's High Speed Electric Arc Spraying system to prepare coating, spraying current through 45 steel matrix surfaces of sandblast roughening treatment: 160A; Spray voltage: 34V; Compressed air pressure: 0.7MPa; Spray distance: 200mm adopts the above-mentioned preparation coating of tungsten argon arc thermal source remelting subsequently, and remelting processing is: electric current: 90A; Argon flow amount: 9L/min; Welding gun translational speed: 3mm/s; Welding gun notices guaranteeing that apart from coatingsurface distance: 3mm the coating penetration is abundant, controls matrix melting amount, guarantees that the remelted layer profile is better.
Adopt sprayed coating and the remelted layer of above technique preparation to have the following characteristics effect:
After remelting is processed, remelted layer dense structure, evenly, pore and laminate structure reduce greatly.Compare sprayed coating, remelted layer and matrix are combined closely, and the bonding interface of remelted layer and matrix is not obvious.The average Wei Shi hardness of remelted layer cross section is 773HV
0.1, combination is metallurgical binding.Adopt ball-face contact mode, on CETR micro-moving frictional wear trier, electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc thermal source remelted layer, matrix 45 steel have been carried out friction-wear test, experimentation is the relative transfixion of the superstructure of GCr15 steel ball, the substructure that sample is housed is reciprocating in the horizontal direction, experiment parameter: load 50N; Metal to-metal contact; Wearing-in period: 15min; Frequency: 5Hz; Displacement amplitude D:5mm.Remelted layer frictional coefficient (0.376) is 0.58 times of sprayed coating frictional coefficient (0.649), and remelted layer polishing scratch width (0.26mm) is 0.4 times of sprayed coating (0.66mm).The remelted layer polishing scratch degree of depth (6.97 μ m) is 0.44 times of sprayed coating (15.37 μ m).Remelted layer abrasion loss volume (1.146 10
-6μ m
3) be sprayed coating (2.346 10
-6μ m
3) 0.49 times.
Above-described embodiment is used for the present invention that explains, rather than limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Table 1 electric arc spraying layer, tungsten argon arc remelted layer, matrix polishing scratch parameter