CN101854889A - 用于药物输送的由具有螺旋形沟槽的导丝制成的支架 - Google Patents
用于药物输送的由具有螺旋形沟槽的导丝制成的支架 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种由金属或聚合物管状支杆(138)形成的药物输送支架(130),所述管状支杆(138)成形为大致圆柱形构造,管状支杆具有容纳治疗物质或药物的中心内腔(348)。管状支杆具有连续的通道(136),该通道从支杆内表面延伸到支杆外表面,支杆围绕管状支杆的圆周螺旋形地或以开塞钻形式定位,以将治疗物质或药物提供到狭窄损伤部位。
Description
技术领域
本发明总地涉及内细胞腔修复假体,具体来说,涉及用来向体腔输送药物或治疗物质的支架。
背景技术
人们知道可利用“内细胞腔修复假体”来作广泛范围的医学治疗。如这里所使用的,内细胞腔修复假体用来意指适于暂时或永久地植入体腔内的医疗器械,包括天生的和人造的内腔。其中可植入内细胞腔修复假体的内腔实例包括但不限于:动脉,诸如位于冠状动脉、肠系膜、外部或大脑脉管内的动脉;静脉;胃肠道;胆道;尿道;气管;肝分路(hepatic shunts);以及输卵管。
人们还知道各种类型的内细胞腔修复假体,每种假体提供用来修改目标内腔壁构成的结构。例如,人们知道支架假体用来植入体腔内,以对壁组织提供人工的径向支承,该支承在体内形成各种内腔,更具体地常用于身体的血管内。
为了对血管提供径向支承,诸如已用经皮经管冠状动脉成形术,通常称之为“血管成形术”、“PTA”或“PTCA”拓宽的血管,可结合手术植入支架。有效地,该支架必须克服某些病人血管壁向下回闭的自然倾向。这样,支架就起作撑架的作用,阻止血管向下回闭的倾向。在该手术中,支架可坍缩成便于插入的直径,并可在远离患病血管的位置处插入体腔内。然后可将支架输送到受影响内腔内的要求治疗的部位,并通过自膨胀或径向膨胀展开到其所要求的直径而进行治疗。
此外,也可将治疗物质输送到治疗部位,以便减轻再狭窄的影响程度。因此,公知有各种药物洗脱支架,其向治疗部位输送治疗物质同时,还向组织壁提供人工的径向支承。可被输送的治疗物质包括抗血小板剂、抗凝血剂、抗菌剂以及抗代谢剂。包括支架的内细胞腔装置有时在其外表面上涂覆有诸如药物释放剂、生长因子之类的物质。支架还已经发展成具有中空的管状结构,其带有通过侧壁切割出的孔或端口,以允许从中心腔洗脱药物,诸如授予Leone等人的美国专利第5,891,108号所揭示的支架,其全部内容以参见的方式纳入本文。支架的中空特性使中心腔能够用通过支架侧壁内的端口或孔输送的药物溶液进行装载。
如下文中将详细描述的,本发明提供一种药物洗脱支架,其将治疗物质或药物输送到狭窄损伤部位。还理想地提供柔性的药物输送装置,其具有药物通道以便从支架内部洗脱药物,同时,使机械完整性的损失减到最小。
发明内容
本发明实施例涉及药物洗脱支架,其具有大致圆柱形的构造以便放置到体腔内。所述支架包括管状支杆,其具有由管状支杆内表面限定的中心内腔,管状支杆形状做成该支架的大致圆柱形构造。通道以螺旋形方式形成在管状支杆内,该螺旋形通道具有一定深度和长度,所述深度延伸在管状支杆的内表面和外表面之间,所述长度从管状支杆的大致的近端延伸到远端。治疗物质放置在管状支杆的中心内腔内,以通过螺旋形通道输送到身体脉管。管状支杆的形状可以形成盘管构造、波环形或曲折形环的构造,或任何大致圆柱形的构造以形成支架。
附图说明
从以下附图中所示的本发明的描述中,将会明白到本发明以上的和其它特征和优点。这里所包含的并作为本说明书一部分的附图,还进一步用来解释本发明的原理和使本技术领域内的技术人员能够利用本发明。附图未按比例绘制。
图1是根据本发明一实施例的支架输送系统的示意图。
图2是用于根据本发明一实施例的支架的管状支杆一部分的放大图。
图3是沿线A-A截取的图2管状支杆的剖视图。
图4是根据本发明一实施例的包括图2管状支杆的支架的立体图。
图5是在体腔内展开的图4支架的侧视图。
图6是根据本发明另一实施例的支架的侧视图。
图7是图6中支架的单个管状支杆的侧视图。
图7A是图7中单个管状支杆一部分的放大图。
具体实施方式
现参照附图来描述本发明的具体实施例,其中,相同的附图标记表示相同或功能类似的元件。术语“远”和“近”在以下描述中用来表示相对于主治医生的位置或方向。“远”是远离医生的位置或背离医生的方向。“近”是靠近医生的位置或朝向医生的方向。
以下详细描述的本质仅是示例性的,并不意图限制本发明或本发明的应用和使用。尽管本发明的描述是针对治疗诸如外围和冠状动脉之类的血管,但本发明也可用于任何其它认为有用的体内通道内。此外,也不意味着受前面的技术领域、背景技术、发明内容或以下详细描述的约束。
根据本发明实施例,支架由中空管状支杆形成,支杆形状成形为大致的圆柱形构造,该管状支杆包括从支杆内表面延伸到支杆外表面的通道,该通道围绕管状支杆圆周螺旋形地或以开塞钻形式定位,以便将治疗物质或药物输送到狭窄受损部位。螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道为药物提供通路,以将药物从管状支杆内洗脱到目标体腔内,同时,使支架假体的机械完整性损失减到最小。螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道将治疗物质或药物均匀地分配到脉管内腔和来自管腔的表面。
螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道使得管状支杆极其柔软,因此消除在支杆形成为具有大致圆柱形的支架时的扭结,以便用球囊导管的囊体来进行输送。为了进一步增加支架柔性,管状支杆的螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道的间距可沿其长度变化。例如,螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道的间距在管状支杆上的特定部位处可以减小以提高柔性。当管状支杆形成为具有大致圆柱形形状的支架时,例如,具有盘管构造的支架或具有波形环构造的支架,则在管状支杆的顶冠或转弯处,该减小的间距是理想的。
可选择通道宽度来控制容纳在管状支杆内的治疗物质或药物的洗脱。此外,通道宽度可沿着管状支杆长度变化,以进一步提高支架柔性。例如,螺旋形或开塞钻形通道的宽度可在管状支杆上的特殊部位处增大,以便提高柔性。当管状支杆形成为具有大致圆柱形形状的支架时,例如,具有盘管构造的支架或具有波形环构造的支架,则在管状支杆的顶冠或转弯处的该减小的宽度是理想的。下面将参照图1-7A给出本发明实施例的进一步细节和描述。
图1是根据本发明一实施例的支架输送系统100的示意图。支架输送系统100包括导管102,该导管102具有近侧杆104、导丝杆122以及囊体110。近侧杆104具有附连到榖116上的近端106和附连到囊体110的近端112的远端108。导丝杆122在榖116和导管102的远侧末端126之间延伸过近侧杆104和囊体110。榖116包括充胀端口118,以便联接到充胀流体源。充胀端口118通过一延伸通过近侧杆104的充胀腔(未示出)与囊体110流体地连通。此外,榖116包括导丝端口120,其与导丝杆122的导丝腔(未示出)连通,以便接纳通过其中的导丝128。如上所述,导丝杆122以绕丝(over-the-wire)构造延伸导管102的全长。然而,如本技术领域内的技术人员所理解的,导丝杆122可替代地仅在导管102的远侧部分内以快速交换(rapid-exchange)构造延伸。由管状支杆138形成的具有近端132和远端134的支架130定位在囊体110上。支架130具有连续的通道136,其螺旋形地或开塞钻方式地围绕管状支杆138的圆周延伸,以输送治疗物质或药物。
使导管102穿过患者的脉管系统,直到支架130位于预定治疗部位处的狭窄位置,由此囊体可膨胀的支架130实现其展开。一旦定位之后,导管102的囊体110被充胀而使支架130膨胀抵靠脉管壁,从而保持其撑开。支架的展开可在诸如血管成形术那样的治疗之后实施,或在治疗部位的初始囊体扩张过程中实施支架展开,这也称之为初步撑开支架。
图2是形成支架130之前的管状支杆138一部分的放大图。图3是沿图2线A-A截取的管状支杆138的剖视图。尽管管状支杆138显示为具有圆形截面,但只要支杆包括通过其中的内腔,则任何截面都可以是合适的。管状支杆138包括用来容纳治疗物质或药物的中心内腔或流体通道348。通道136具有的深度从管状支杆138的内表面342延伸到管状支杆138的外表面344,从而使位于中心内腔348内的治疗物质或药物可输送到体腔。因此一旦管状支杆138形成支架130;通道136就沿着支架130长度围绕管状支杆138以螺旋形方式延伸,以提供用于治疗物质或药物从支架130中洗脱的通道,同时,使支架假体的机械完整性损失减到最小。此外,螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136围绕管状支杆138的圆周是连续的,因此,提供将治疗物质均匀地分配到脉管内腔和来自管腔的表面。
中心内腔或流体通道348的容积控制着可能容纳在支架130内用来输送的治疗物质或药物的量。在一实施例中,流体通道348可从管状支杆138的近端132延伸到远端134,流体通道348的直径“D”约为0.001英寸至0.004英寸。在另一实施例中,流体通道348可延伸小于管状支杆138的全长。为了增加支架130的径向长度,较小的直径“D”允许有较大的壁厚“T”,使支架130材料最大化。然而,较大直径“D”可允许更大量的治疗物质或药物被输送到体腔。
螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136包括宽度346。在一实施例中,宽度346可近似为0.0005英寸,并可选择成控制治疗物质或药物的洗脱速率。在另一实施例中,宽度346范围可从零至0.002英寸,零宽度可发生在通道136边缘接触之时。在另一实施例中,宽度346可沿着管状支杆138长度呈锥形,并且范围可从零至0.002英寸,零宽度可发生在通道136边缘接触之时。一般来说,通道136的狭窄宽度346可提供较慢速度的治疗物质或药物洗脱。此外,通道136的狭窄宽度346使剩余的支架130材料最大化,因此,提高径向强度,使支架假体的机械完整性损失减到最小。一般地,通道136的较宽宽度346使剩余的支架130材料最少,因此,如果支架130由生物降解材料形成的话,则可能是理想的。当螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136用激光来形成时,可通过根据要求控制激光的聚焦来选择通道136的宽度346。
螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136对管状支杆138提供柔性,并消除在管状支杆138成形为具有大致圆柱形构造的支架以用来围绕导管102的囊体110定位时管状支杆138的扭结。螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136的各匝具有间距240,它是通道136相邻匝上的两个对应点之间的距离。为了进一步提高支架130的柔性,可沿管状支杆138长度改变螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136的间距240。例如,螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136的间距240可以在支架130的特定部位处减小,以提高特定部位处的支架130的柔性。如图4所示,当管状支杆138弯曲成盘管构造而由此形成支架130时,在支架130的转弯处或顶冠450处减小间距240是理想的。而在支架130上的任何额外需要柔性的部位处,减小通道136的间距则是理想的。
此外,螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136的宽度346可沿着管状支杆138长度变化,以进一步提高支架130的柔性。例如,螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136的宽度346可在支架130上的特殊部位增大,以提高该特殊部位处的支架130的柔性。如图4所示,当管状支杆138弯曲成盘管构造而由此形成支架130时,在支架130的顶冠450处减小宽度346可以是理想的。而在支架130上的任何额外需要柔性的部位处,增加通道136的宽度346则是理想的。当螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136用激光来形成时,可根据需要通过改变激光的聚焦来沿着管状支杆138的长度改变通道136的宽度346。
图5是用来治疗狭窄损伤部位554而抵靠体腔脉管壁552展开的支架130的侧视图。在本发明各种实施例中,装在管状支杆138中心内腔348内的可洗脱的治疗物质或药物可以是用来向体腔提供的一种或多种有用的物质。提供到狭窄损伤部位554区域药物可以是某种类型可溶解形成狭窄的斑状物材料的药物,或可以是抗血小板形成的药物、抗血栓形成的药物,或抗类风湿性药物。这些药物例如可包括TPA、肝磷脂、尿激酶或西罗莫司。当然,支架130可用来向体内脉管壁和内部输送任何合适的药物。
在本发明的各种实施例中,容纳在中心内腔348内的可洗脱的治疗物质或药物可包括生物的或药理学的活性物质。在一个实施例中,容纳在中心内腔348内的可洗脱的治疗物质或药物可以是结晶的形式。在另一实施例中,生物的或药理学的活性物质可以悬浮在聚合物基体或载体内,防止在支架130植入在治疗部位之前,活性治疗物质过早地从中心内腔348中洗脱。为生物的或药理学的活性成分制作聚合物载体或基体的方法在本技术领域内是众所周知的方法。生物的或药理学的活性物质和用于这些物质的载体例举在美国专利第6,364,856号;第6,358,556号和第6,258,121号中;本文以参见方式引入每个专利的全部内容。这些专利参考文献揭示了活性物质以及浸渍有活性物质的聚合物材料,以用作为医疗器械外面的涂层,从而提供有控制的活性物质的输送。这些浸渍有活性物质的相同的聚合物材料可用于本发明支架130的中心内腔348内。在一个实施例中,聚合物基体或载体是生物可降解的或生物可再吸收的,使它可在体内被吸收。聚交酯酸(PLA)、聚乙醇酸、聚环氧乙烷(PEO)以及聚己内酯都是生物可降解聚合物载体的实例。
术语“生物的或药理学的活性物质”是指对身体或身体一部分有药理学的、化学的或生物作用的任何物质(不管其是合成的还是天然的)。可用于本发明实施例中合适的生物的或药理学的活性材料包括但不限于:糖(肾上腺)皮质激素(例如,地塞米松、倍他米松)、诸如肝磷脂的抗血栓形成剂、细胞生长抑制剂、水蛭素、血管抑肽、阿司匹林、诸如VEGF之类的生长因子、抗过敏剂、抗癌剂、抗类风湿性剂、低核苷酸、抗生素,更一般地说,可使用抗血小板剂、抗凝血剂、抗有丝分裂剂、抗氧化剂、抗代谢剂,以及抗炎剂。抗血小板剂可包括诸如阿司匹林和双嘧达莫之类的药物。阿司匹林可分类为止痛剂、退热剂、抗炎剂和抗血小板剂药物。双嘧达莫是类似于阿司匹林的药物,类似之处在于它具有抗血小板特征。双嘧达莫还分类为冠状血管扩张剂。抗凝血剂可包括诸如肝磷脂、精蛋白、水蛭素和蜱源抗凝血蛋白之类的药物。抗癌剂可包括诸如泰素及其类似物或衍生物。泰素也可分类为细胞生长抑制剂。抗氧化剂可包括丙丁酚。抗类风湿性剂可包括诸如氨氯地平、多沙唑嗪和西罗莫司或其它莫司(limus)族化合物之类的药物。抗有丝分裂剂和抗代谢剂可包括诸如甲氨蝶呤、咪唑硫嘌呤、长春新碱、长春碱、5-氟尿嘧啶、亚德里亚霉素和突变霉素之类的药物。抗生素可包括青霉素、头孢西丁、苯甲异噁唑青霉素、托普霉素和庆大霉素。合适的抗氧化剂包括丙丁酚。还有,可使用基因或核酸或它们的部分。这些基因或核酸可首先打包成脂质体或毫微颗粒。此外,可使用诸如曲尼司特之类的胶原质合成物抑制剂。
在一个实施例中,可洗脱的治疗物质或药物可在植入到体内之前预加载到支架130内,一旦药物被加载到中心内腔348内,就关闭管状支杆138的近端132和管状支杆138的远端134。所谓“预加载”是指可将治疗物质或药物灌入、注射入或其他方式提供到管状支杆138的中心内腔348内。一旦加载好,可在输送到体内之前,将管状支杆138的近端132和远端134密封或堵塞起来。可用诸如硅树脂塞的塞子(未示出)来密封近端132和远端134。如上所述,治疗物质可悬浮在可选择的可生物降解的聚合物基体或载体内,以在支架130展开在治疗部位之前,阻止活性治疗物质过早地从中心内腔348中洗脱。一旦定位在身体的理想部位内,则支架130就展开以永久的植入在体腔内,以使治疗物质可从通道136中洗脱出来。
此外,在本发明实施例中,可利用容易溶解的涂层(未示出),以便在支架130在治疗部位展开前,防止活性治疗物质过早地从中心内腔348洗脱。涂层可填充或封闭通道136,或可覆盖管状支杆138的外表面,或两者兼而有之。涂层可以是右旋糖苷型或任何其它合适的涂层,其可非常快地溶解,但在输送到狭窄部位之前,却可保护治疗物质或药物。例如,美国专利第6,391,033中列出了足以提供所要求的短期保护的涂层材料,诸如多聚糖之类的材料,包括甘露醇、山梨(糖)醇、蔗糖、木糖醇;诸如凝胶(gellan)、热凝胶(curdlan)、XM-6、黄原胶之类的阴离子的含水多聚糖,该美国专利的全部内容以参见方式纳入本文。这些材料大约在10至15分钟内溶解,以便让支架合适地放置在目标部位处。
在本发明的各种实施例中,管状支杆138可用金属材料制成。例如,管状支杆138可用任何合适金属材料进行制造,包括有不锈钢、镍-钛合金(镍钛金属化合物)、诸如MP35N之类的镍-钴合金、钴-铬合金、钽、钛、铂、金、银、钯、铱等。在一替代的实施例中,管状支杆138可用海波管(hypotube)制造。正如业内所公知的,海波管是一种直径非常小的中空金属管,该类型管通常用来制造皮下注射针。如果管状支杆138用镍-钛合金(镍钛金属化合物)制造,则利用该材料的形状记忆功能,可便于支架130的展开,这将在下文中予以解释。一旦植入之后,金属支架便对壁组织提供人工的径向支承。
本发明实施例还包括由诸如聚合物材料的非金属材料制造的管状支杆138。聚合物材料可以是可生物降解或可生物吸收的材料,这样,支架130被用来恢复内腔的开放之后和/或提供药物输送之后,支架130在体内被吸收。如上所述,螺旋形或开塞钻形的通道136包括宽度240,该宽度可选择成来控制治疗物质或药物的洗脱速率。一般地说,通道136的较宽的直径“D”可减少支架130的其余材料,因此如果支架130由可生物降解材料制成的话就比较理想。
在图1的实施例中,支架130是囊体可膨胀的,这样,当流体充胀流体源连接到榖116的充胀端口118时,该囊体110可被充胀而使支架130膨胀,这为本技术领域内技术人员所公知。如果需要的话,可提供护套(未示出)来包围囊体110上的支架130,以便于使支架输送系统100在导丝128上循路而进穿过脉管到达狭窄损伤部位。
在另一实施例中,支架130可以是自膨胀的。利用诸如镍-钛合金(镍钛金属化合物)之类材料的形状记忆特性可便于支架130的展开。具体来说,形状记忆金属是一组金属的合成物,当它们经受一定的热或应力条件时,能够返回到规定的形状或尺寸。形状记忆金属一般能够在较低温度下变形,而一旦暴露于相对高温度下则又恢复到变形前它们所呈的规定形状或尺寸。这可使支架在变形的较小状态下插入到体内,这样,一旦支架暴露在较高温度下,即,体温或体内的加热流体,支架呈现其“记忆”的较大形状。因此,自膨胀支架130可具有两种尺寸或形状的状态,即,足以向治疗部位供应的收缩或压缩的结构,以及具有大致圆柱形形状以便接触脉管壁的展开或膨胀的结构。
在另一实施例中,其中,支架130是自膨胀的,支架130可以由弹簧型或超弹性材料构造,例如,镍-钛合金(镍钛金属化合物)、镍-锡合金、形状记忆材料,以及其它超弹性材料。可提供护套(未示出)来包围和容纳处于收缩或压缩位置中的支架130。一旦支架130位于狭窄损伤部位处的位置,护套可被缩回,因此松开支架130而呈其膨胀或展开的构造。
如上所述,支架130由管状支杆138形成。在图1、4和5中,管状支杆138形状做成螺旋形或盘管形构造以形成大致的圆柱形支架130。图6示出替代的支架构造,其中,多个管状支杆638a、638b和638c在接头662处粘结在一起。每个管状支杆638a、638b、638c与管状支杆138相同之处在于,每个管状支杆包括连续的通道636,连续通道螺旋形地围绕或以开塞钻形式围绕管状支杆638a、638b和638c的圆周定位,用来输送治疗物质或药物。每个管状支杆638a、638b、638c形成为波形或曲折形环构造,并在接头662处粘结在一起以形成支架630。尽管图6示出三个粘结在一起而形成支架630的管状支杆638a、638b、638c,也可少至一个的呈波形或曲折形环构造的管状支杆来形成支架630。此外,支架630可包括多个具有粘结在一起的波形或曲折形环构造的管状支杆。
每个管状支杆638a、638b、638c可容纳用于输送的相同的或不同的治疗物质或药物。此外,每个管状支杆638a、638b、638c可容纳用于输送的不同浓度的治疗物质或药物。例如,位于支架630端部的管状支杆638a和638c可容纳第一浓度的治疗物质或药物,而位于支架630两端中间的管状支杆638b可容纳第二浓度的治疗物质或药物。第二浓度的治疗物质或药物可高于或低于第一浓度的治疗物质或药物。
图7示出呈波形或曲折形环构造的单个管状支杆638。如图7所示,波形或曲折形环构造包括连接到直段766的冠状部或弯头764。冠状部764面向相对的纵向方向交替地转弯。如参照前述实施例所描述的,螺旋形或开塞钻形通道636的间距和宽度可沿着管状支杆638长度变化。例如,螺旋形或开塞钻形通道636的间距可在管状支杆638上的特定部位处减小,以增加该特定部位处的支架630的柔性。此外,螺旋形或开塞钻形通道636的宽度可在管状支杆638上的特定部位处增大,以便增加该特定部位处的支架630的柔性。如图7A所示,当管状支杆638形成为波形或曲折形环构造时,通道636的减小的间距和增大的宽度在冠状部764处可能是理想的。
应该理解到,管状支杆138形状可做成任何大致的圆柱形构造以形成支架体。除了如上所示的支架构造之外,先前以参见方式引入的美国专利第5,891,108号中的图5示出了一种支架,其呈替代的合适的支架构造。此外,根据本发明实施例的管状支杆可形成为美国专利第5,133,732号和美国专利第6,663,661号中所揭示的支架构造,本文以参见方式引入它们的全部内容。
支架130由管状支杆138制成。通过用可除去的材料来填充中空钢丝或海波管,可制造出支架。可除去的材料可起到加固钢丝的作用,防止弯曲过程中发生扭结。在弯曲过程中,管状支杆138形状可做成上述任何的大致圆柱形构造以形成支架体。该弯曲过程类似于用来形成Medtronic Wiktor支架设计的过程,其被公开在美国专利第4,886,062号、第4,969,458号、第5,133,732号、第5,653,727号、第5,782,903号、第6,113,621号、第6,656,219号、和第6,923,828号中,本文以参见方式引入它们的全部内容。如果支架用镍钛金属化合物构造,则形成的支架是热固性的。此外,如果需要有附加的轴向强度,则形成的支架可进行焊接。
尽管以上描述了根据本发明的各种实施例,但应该理解到,提出这些实施例仅是为了借以说明和举例,并无限制性。相关技术领域内的技术人员将会认识到,本发明的形式和细节可作出各种变化而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。因此,本发明的宽度和范围不受任何上述示范实施例的限制,但应仅根据附后权利要求书和其等价物来定义。还应理解到,本文中讨论的每个实施例的每个特征以及这里所举的各个参考文件都可用来与任何其它实施例的特征相结合。本文以参见方式引入这里所讨论的所有专利和出版物的全部内容。
Claims (23)
1.一种药物洗脱支架,具有大致圆柱形构造以放置到体腔内,所述支架包括:
管状支杆,所述管状支杆具有由所述管状支杆的内表面限定的中心内腔,所述管状支杆具有盘管形长度,所述盘管形长度形成所述支架的所述大致圆柱形构造;
通道,所述通道以螺旋形方式形成在所述管状支杆内,所述螺旋形通道具有在所述管状支杆的内表面和外表面之间延伸的深度,和大致从所述管状支杆的近端延伸到远端的长度;以及
治疗物质,所述治疗物质放置在所述管状支杆的所述中心内腔内,以通过所述螺旋形通道输送到身体脉管。
2.如权利要求1所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述通道具有沿着所述管状支杆的所述盘管形长度变化的宽度,使得所述通道的所述宽度在所述支架的第一部位处比所述支架的第二部位处大。
3.如权利要求2所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述通道通过激光形成,通过控制所述激光的聚焦来改变所述宽度。
4.如权利要求2所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述第一部位是所述支架的所述大致圆柱形构造的转弯处。
5.如权利要求1所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述通道具有沿着所述管状支杆的所述盘管形长度变化的间距,使得所述通道的所述间距在所述支架的第一部位处比所述支架的第二部位处小。
6.如权利要求5所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述第一部位是所述支架的所述大致圆柱形构造的转弯处。
7.如权利要求1所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述管状支杆由金属材料制成。
8.如权利要求1所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述管状支杆由可生物降解的聚合物制成。
9.如权利要求1所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述治疗物质呈晶体形式。
10.如权利要求1所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述治疗物质容纳在聚合物基体内以控制洗脱。
11.如权利要求10所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述聚合物基体是可生物降解的。
12.一种药物洗脱支架,具有大致圆柱形构造以便放置到体腔内,所述支架包括:
管状支杆,所述管状支杆具有由所述管状支杆内表面限定的中心内腔,所述管状支杆成形为形成所述支架的所述大致圆柱形构造的波形或曲折形环;
通道,所述通道以螺旋形方式形成在所述管状支杆内,所述螺旋形通道具有在所述管状支杆的内表面和外表面之间延伸的深度和大致从所述管状支杆的近端延伸到远端的长度;以及
治疗物质,所述治疗物质放置在所述管状支杆的所述中心内腔内,以通过所述螺旋形通道输送到身体脉管。
13.一种药物洗脱支架,具有大致圆柱形构造以便放置到体腔内,所述支架包括:
管状支杆,所述管状支杆具有由所述管状支杆的内表面限定的中心内腔,所述管状支杆成形为所述支架的所述大致圆柱形构造;
通道,所述通道以螺旋形方式形成在所述管状支杆内,所述螺旋形通道具有在所述管状支杆的内表面和外表面之间延伸的深度和大致从所述管状支杆的近端延伸到远端的长度;以及
治疗物质,所述治疗物质放置在所述管状支杆的所述中心内腔内,以通过所述螺旋形通道输送到身体脉管。
14.如权利要求13所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述通道具有沿着所述管状支杆的所述长度变化的宽度,以使所述通道的所述宽度在所述支架的第一部位处比所述支架的第二部位处大。
15.如权利要求14所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述通道通过激光形成,通过控制所述激光的聚焦而改变所述宽度。
16.如权利要求14所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述第一部位是所述支架的所述大致圆柱形构造的转弯处。
17.如权利要求13所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述通道具有沿着所述管状支杆的所述长度变化的间距,使得所述通道的所述间距在所述支架的第一部位处比所述支架的第二部位处小。
18.如权利要求17所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述第一部位是所述支架的所述大致圆柱形构造的转弯处。
19.如权利要求13所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述管状支杆由金属材料制成。
20.如权利要求13所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述管状支杆由可生物降解的聚合物制成。
21.如权利要求13所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述治疗物质呈晶体形式。
22.如权利要求13所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述治疗物质容纳在聚合物基体内以控制洗脱。
23.如权利要求22所述的药物输送装置,其特征在于,所述聚合物基体是可生物可降解的。
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PCT/US2008/081617 WO2009064618A1 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2008-10-29 | Stent made of wire having a spiral channel for drug delivery |
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US (1) | US8016880B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2211788B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5523331B2 (zh) |
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CN104220030A (zh) * | 2012-04-13 | 2014-12-17 | 美敦力瓦斯科尔勒公司 | 中空药物填充支架以及形成中空药物填充支架的方法 |
CN106974752A (zh) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-25 | 张西坤 | 螺旋式粒子支架 |
CN106974752B (zh) * | 2017-04-06 | 2018-11-23 | 张西坤 | 螺旋式粒子支架 |
CN107569300A (zh) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-12 | 上海长海医院 | 一种治疗主动脉夹层假腔的腔内修复移植物 |
CN108114326A (zh) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-06-05 | 西南交通大学 | 一种双向双药物洗脱支架及其制备方法 |
WO2024108661A1 (zh) * | 2022-11-23 | 2024-05-30 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 腔道支架制备方法 |
Also Published As
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EP2211788A1 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
WO2009064618A1 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
US8016880B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 |
CN101854889B (zh) | 2012-12-26 |
US20090132031A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
JP2011502705A (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
JP5523331B2 (ja) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2211788B1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
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