CN101830736A - Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using plant household garbage - Google Patents
Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using plant household garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN101830736A CN101830736A CN 201010151488 CN201010151488A CN101830736A CN 101830736 A CN101830736 A CN 101830736A CN 201010151488 CN201010151488 CN 201010151488 CN 201010151488 A CN201010151488 A CN 201010151488A CN 101830736 A CN101830736 A CN 101830736A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing organic fertilizer by using plant household garbage, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: drying the sorted plant household garbage at the temperature of between 45 and 55 DEG C till the dehydration rate reaches 90 to 92 percent, crushing and screening the plant household garbage, adding soil and screened materials of inorganic chemical substances in the household garbage into the plant household garbage, and naturally piling and fermenting the mixture or naturally fermenting the mixture in a fermentation tank for 3 to 10 days, wherein the ratio of the plant household garbage to the soil to the screened materials of the inorganic chemical substances in the household garbage is 4-6: 3-5: 1. The plant household garbage is dried, crushed, added with proper soil and then subjected to natural piling fermentation to form base fertilizer or additional fertilizer favorable for the growth of crops, so the method solves the scientific treatment problem of urban garbage, saves soil resources, relieves the problem of environmental pollution, meanwhile realizes reutilization of waste resources, and accords with the national advocated policy of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing reutilization technology field of domestic refuse, particularly relate to a kind of method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare organic fertilizer.
Background technology
At present, domestic waste is increasing along with the continuous growth of population, and these rubbish have not only occupied a large amount of soils, go back severe contamination and existent environment of people.Existing trash processing way burns or directly buries for adopting incinerator.But, in fact, having after domestic waste is handled through classification and much can utilize or the composition of recycling, above-mentioned two kinds of processing modes can not realize comprehensively utilizing again of refuse, do not meet the target for energy-saving and emission-reduction that country advocates.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of and economize the land resource, prevent the pollution of the environment, realize that the comprehensive vegetable garbage that utilizes that utilizes again of refuse prepares the method for organic fertilizer.
For realizing that the technical scheme that purpose of the present invention adopts is:
A kind of method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the good plant household garbage of will classifying carries out fragmentation, screening after reaching 90%～92% to dehydration rate drying under 45 ℃～55 ℃, add then in soil and the domestic refuse through natural heap fermentation or spontaneous fermentation in fermentation vat behind the material of the no chemical substance of screening, fermentation time 3～10 days; The material's proportion of the no chemical substance of process screening is 4～6: 3～5 in above-mentioned plant household garbage and soil and the domestic refuse: 1.
Described plant household garbage is the vegetable garbage of urban and rural residents' daily life generation and leaf, weeds or the stalk of urban and rural environment scavenging process generation.
Above-mentioned particle size after cracking is divided according to the purposes of product fertilizer, and when as base fertilizer, particle size after cracking is controlled at 0～1.5cm*1.5cm, and when when topdressing, particle size after cracking is controlled at 0～0.5cm*0.5cm.
The material of the no chemical substance of process screening is through the domestic refuse that does not contain non-degradable plastics, waste metal or chemical fiber fabric after the screening in the above-mentioned domestic refuse.
Also be added with Herba Eichhorniae and duckweed in rivers mud or the broken lotus pool in the mixture of material through the no chemical substance of screening in above-mentioned plant household garbage, soil and the domestic refuse, wherein the adding proportion of rivers mud is 0～20% of a mixture, and Herba Eichhorniae in the broken lotus pool and the adding proportion of duckweed are 0～30% of mixture.
When fermentation, at the thick pedosphere of surface coverage 10mm of piling up material.
The bottom of piling up material lighted to make pile up material and be the incomplete combustion state.
In good time during the fermentation make up water, this water is the water in half-dried withered, the free of contamination branch of a river or the immobilising dead lake.
Abundant stirring during the fermentation in time.
The present invention with plant household garbage through super-dry, pulverize, suitably add and carry out the nature heap fermentation behind the soil again and make the base fertilizer that helps crop growth or topdress, thereby the science of not only having saved municipal wastes is handled problems, saved land resources, alleviate problem of environmental pollution, realized the utilization again of waste and old resource simultaneously, met the energy-conservation ring policy that subtracts that country advocates.
The organic fertilizer that the present invention produces can in-field use, and use the back of also can transporting for long-distance.
The organic fertilizer that the present invention produces can be in the various farmlands of different soils character, comprising using in the paddy field, to the soil because of the life-time service chemical fertilizer.
Embodiment
The method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer of the present invention, its concrete processing step is:
1) collection of plant household garbage
Plant household garbage is a generalized, has both comprised the vegetable garbage of the actual generation of urban and rural residents' daily life, also comprises leaf, weeds that the urban and rural environment scavenging process produces, stalk.
The present invention collects satisfactory above-mentioned plant household garbage under the condition of refuse classification, firmly attention can not be put into the plastics bag of load garbage.
The residual rapid spread that in making the organic fertilizer process, produces after the treating processes not to the utmost in view of Brazilian chrysanthemum seed, the soil is grown derivation harm, outer all roots, stem, leaf, the particularly seed of reservation that Brazilian chrysanthemum is gone out statutory regulation must adopt the abundant back of burning to become ash with all strength, and it is buried to bury.
After the present invention did not comprise pulverizing in the various farm crop harvesting processes, ploughing deeply in the farmland was directly to bury, and fermentation changes into the organic fertilizer part or directly manufactures the plant feed part.
The present invention does not comprise according to the zone is unified yet and arranging, and various farm crop are focused on, and brute force breaks into various packings bundles, after the unified purchase of government, pass on power plant burn the back power generation part or directly on-the-spot disposal make biogas, supply with the resident and directly use part.
2) oven dry
The key of concrete implementing method is the control bake out temperature, effectively prevents the burning of material.
Select the rotary device of suitable capacity to the plant household garbage oven dry.
Workshop-based production can be used for reference the treating machine of frying dry fruit.
Also to utilize the waste gas residual heat of industrial and mining enterprises or the waste heat of flue when having ready conditions as far as possible.The control of bake out temperature
In the technical requirements to the plant household garbage oven dry, temperature, dehydration rate control are key points.
Temperature is controlled at 45-55 ℃
Temperature fluctuation range: ± 10 ℃,
Dehydration rate: 90-92%;
3) broken, screening
It is in time broken that material after the oven dry is wanted.Atmospheric moisture big south or especially to note this problem northern rainy season.
For guaranteeing broken carrying out smoothly, reduce the waste of the energy, must accomplish to dry material the same day, in time pulverized the same day.
The size that material is pulverized, divide according to the purposes of product organic fertilizer:
The base fertilizer of farm crop: fertilizer is pulverized size control and is no more than 1.5CM * 1.5CM in maximum;
Topdressing of farm crop: fertilizer is pulverized size control and is no more than 0.5CM * 0.5CM in maximum;
Possible condition adopts Raymond mill to pulverize.The fertilizer size control is about 50 orders.
4) batch mixing
Broken back material will in time add the material batch mixing of the no chemical substance of the process screening in soil and the domestic refuse.
The batch mixing ratio is;
Crushing rear material: soil: material=4～6 of the no chemical substance of process screening: 3～5: 1
Herba Eichhorniae, the duckweed that can suitably add harmless rivers mud or broken back lotus pool for the fermenting speed of accelerating batch mixing.
Herba Eichhorniae, the duckweed size control of broken lotus pool are no more than 1.5CM * 1.5CM in maximum; Broken oversize meeting prolongs fermentation time.
Add the material ratio control and be no more than 20% of batch mixing total amount at harmless rivers mud, the Herba Eichhorniae of the lotus pool after the fragmentation, duckweed are no more than 30%. of batch mixing
Must guard against any waste material that produces in the pickling of adding the Wire Rope Production manufacturing, wire drawing, the parkerizing process.
Also can suitably replenish methane-generating pit and clean out material.
5) fermentation
Fully fermentation is the key factor that guarantees the fertilizer fertility.
With the nature heap fermentation of the material behind the thorough mixing or in fermentation vat spontaneous fermentation.By control solid accumulation volume control leavening temperature and speed.
Also the thick soil of the outer 10MM of covering of material can piled up.To pile up the flammable plant household garbage of bottom again and light, and form and heat up and the state (piling up the state that loses naked light and constantly smolder that presents of material) of burn incompletely.
Fermentation stage will guarantee enough temperature.Generally be controlled at 40～45 ℃.
Fermenting process will in time replenish suitable moisture according to attenuation degree, can replenish the water of half-dried withered, the free of contamination branch of a river, immobilising dead lake.Generally be that when the accumulation material was firmly held with hand, material was dispersed, and can not present the pelletizing shape, just needs make up water, the general water that once replenishes the 10-15% of material gross weight according to the T/A of the degree of drying decision make up water of piling up material.Leavening temperature is in the requirement prescribes a time limit, and replenishes 15% water, prescribes a time limit otherwise leavening temperature is under the requirement, replenishes 10% water.
The material of fermenting process will be in time, fully stir, and guarantees that the composition of organic fertilizer is suitably even.The time of stirring is depended on the material temperature inside, when inserting material inside with hand, and when feeling hot, promptly can stirring.When measuring with thermometer, when the material internal temperature is higher than 50 ℃, stirring that will be fully from top to bottom.
Fermentation time depends on envrionment temperature.Generally at 7-10 days.Summer south, the sun be exposed to the sun, wet condition is generally at 3-7 days.
6) check and accept
Fully whether the organic fertilizer of fermentation in time judges operability.
Organic fertilizer after the fermentation is a target to form soil ulmin, and fertilizer presents hank knotting, pulverulence.
Standard according to the rural area compost is checked and accepted.
7) pack, dispatch from the factory
The organic fertilizer of making both can also can be used as and topdress as the base fertilizer in the plant growing process.
That need transport for long-distance can be packed, prevents being scattered in the transportation, to the pollution once more of environment.
Must be according to the rules in the time of must be in bulk, to fully covering of organic fertilizer.More to prevent being scattered in the transportation, to the pollution once more of environment.
Claims (9)
1. method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the good plant household garbage of will classifying carries out fragmentation, screening after reaching 90%～92% to dehydration rate drying under 45 ℃～55 ℃, add then in soil and the domestic refuse through natural heap fermentation or spontaneous fermentation in fermentation vat behind the material of the no chemical substance of screening, fermentation time 3～10 days; The material's proportion of the no chemical substance of process screening is 4～6: 3～5 in above-mentioned plant household garbage and soil and the domestic refuse: 1.
2. according to the described method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plant household garbage is the vegetable garbage of urban and rural residents' daily life generation and leaf, weeds or the stalk of urban and rural environment scavenging process generation.
3. according to the described method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned particle size after cracking is divided according to the purposes of product fertilizer, when as base fertilizer, particle size after cracking is controlled at 0～1.5cm*1.5cm, when when topdressing, particle size after cracking is controlled at 0～0.5cm*0.5cm.
4. according to the described method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material of the no chemical substance of process screening is through the domestic refuse that does not contain non-degradable plastics, waste metal or chemical fiber fabric after the screening in the above-mentioned domestic refuse.
5. according to the described method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: also be added with Herba Eichhorniae and duckweed in rivers mud or the broken lotus pool in the mixture of material through the no chemical substance of screening in above-mentioned plant household garbage, soil and the domestic refuse, wherein the adding proportion of rivers mud is 0～20% of a mixture, and Herba Eichhorniae in the broken lotus pool and the adding proportion of duckweed are 0～30% of mixture.
6. according to the described method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: when fermentation, at the thick pedosphere of surface coverage 10mm of piling up material.
7. according to claim 1 or the 6 described methods of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the bottom that will pile up material is lighted to make and is piled up material and be the incomplete combustion state.
8. according to the described method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in good time during the fermentation make up water, this water is the water in half-dried withered, the free of contamination branch of a river or the immobilising dead lake.
9. according to the described method of utilizing plant household garbage to prepare fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: timely during the fermentation, abundant stirring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010151488 CN101830736A (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2010-04-21 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using plant household garbage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010151488 CN101830736A (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2010-04-21 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using plant household garbage |
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| CN101830736A true CN101830736A (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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| CN 201010151488 Pending CN101830736A (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2010-04-21 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using plant household garbage |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102754800A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2012-10-31 | 唐天国 | Technology for processing veins and skins of hot pickled mustard tubers |
| CN102919519A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 尚新怀 | Process for comprehensively recycling urban tree branches and leaves |
| CN103918532A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 上海交通大学 | Compound biological green manure optimized culturing method |
| CN105884413A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-08-24 | 北京仁禾伟业新能源科技有限公司 | Method for making biomass organic fertilizer by using wood tar |
| CN107337547A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-11-10 | 王凡勇 | A kind of flowers and plants fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
| CN107891054A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-10 | 广西金智风工程发展有限公司 | Afforestation waste disposal method |
| CN113522927A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-22 | 山西苏金源生物科技有限公司 | Operation method of organic waste treatment system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1434003A (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2003-08-06 | 湖南大学 | Biinoculating micvobial compound bacterium compost method |
| CN101066899A (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2007-11-07 | 吴庆元 | Organic biofertilizer prepared through closed anaerobic fermentation |
| CN101249499A (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2008-08-27 | 钟伏桥 | Consumer waste innocent treatment comprehensive utilization technique |
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2010
- 2010-04-21 CN CN 201010151488 patent/CN101830736A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1434003A (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2003-08-06 | 湖南大学 | Biinoculating micvobial compound bacterium compost method |
| CN101066899A (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2007-11-07 | 吴庆元 | Organic biofertilizer prepared through closed anaerobic fermentation |
| CN101249499A (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2008-08-27 | 钟伏桥 | Consumer waste innocent treatment comprehensive utilization technique |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102754800A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2012-10-31 | 唐天国 | Technology for processing veins and skins of hot pickled mustard tubers |
| CN102919519A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 尚新怀 | Process for comprehensively recycling urban tree branches and leaves |
| CN103918532A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 上海交通大学 | Compound biological green manure optimized culturing method |
| CN105884413A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-08-24 | 北京仁禾伟业新能源科技有限公司 | Method for making biomass organic fertilizer by using wood tar |
| CN107337547A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-11-10 | 王凡勇 | A kind of flowers and plants fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
| CN107891054A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-10 | 广西金智风工程发展有限公司 | Afforestation waste disposal method |
| CN113522927A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-22 | 山西苏金源生物科技有限公司 | Operation method of organic waste treatment system |
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Application publication date: 20100915 |