CN101817525B - Process and device for producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method - Google Patents
Process and device for producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101817525B CN101817525B CN2010101718266A CN201010171826A CN101817525B CN 101817525 B CN101817525 B CN 101817525B CN 2010101718266 A CN2010101718266 A CN 2010101718266A CN 201010171826 A CN201010171826 A CN 201010171826A CN 101817525 B CN101817525 B CN 101817525B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through the two-stage method, which comprises the following steps: leading power carbon-containing material, powder calcium-containing material and oxygen to burn, increasing the temperature of furnace materials in a vertical furnace to above 1300 DEG C, leading the hot furnace materials discharged from the bottom of the vertical furnace to enter into an electric arc furnace, increasing the temperature of the hot furnace materials to 1700-2200 DEG C under the thermal effect of electric arc of an electrode, and carrying out reaction for generating the calcium carbide. Gas containing solids in the vertical furnace is discharged by a furnace gas outlet pipe at the top of the vertical furnace and separated by a cyclone dust collector from, secondary dust collection, residual heat recovery and cloth bag dust collection are carried out on the separated gas to reduce the dust content to below 1-5mg/Nm3, the temperature is reduced to 30-45 DEG C, and then the gas can be recycled as fuel gas or chemical raw material gas. The process has the advantages of powder raw materials, low energy consumption, low cost, continuous production and high grade of the calcium carbide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production technique and device of calcium carbide, be specifically related to technology and device that two-stage method powder raw material calcium carbide is produced.
Background technology
The staple of calcium carbide is CaC
2, be the important source material of organic synthesis industry, in chemical industry, have vital role.The method of producing calcium carbide mainly contains electric heating process and the hot method of oxygen; Present industry is gone up the production calcium carbide and is all adopted electric heating process, and existing more than 110 year of this method developing history is although adopted technology such as coreless armature, airtight production and automatic control in recent years; But still need to consume a large amount of electric energy; General power consumption is 3500~3800kWh/t calcium carbide, and comprehensive energy consumption is very high, is unfavorable for energy-conservation and social Sustainable development.
It is still at the experimental stage at present that the hot method of oxygen is produced calcium carbide; Production has a large amount of bibliographical informations about the hot method calcium carbide of oxygen both at home and abroad; As: " calcium carbide process for processing and product development utilization and pollution " book has been introduced Germany the third-largest calcium carbide company---and Baden aniline soda ash company has just built up the hot method half suitability for industrialized production calcium carbide device of oxygen as far back as nineteen thirty-nine; Resumed production in 1948, adopt methane oxygen pyrogenic silica, shaft furnace throughput (contains CaC for 70~100 tons for the daily output calcium carbide
280%).The clear 61-178412 of Japanese Patent discloses with full Jiao of shaft furnace, pure oxygen or the hot method Laboratory Production of oxygen enrichment oxygen calcium carbide.Domestic patent CN1843907A " method of preparing calcium carbide by oxygen-fuel blowing of high furnace and device " introduced and adopted the oxygen-rich air preheating, be fuel with the coke, the hot method of oxygen that is aided with coal injection and heavy oil etc. produces the method and the device of calcium carbide.
The hot method of electric heating process and oxygen is produced calcium carbide and is all adopted fixed-bed reactor at present, and electric heating process can only be used the block raw material of 3~40cm, and the hot method of oxygen is higher to the lumpiness requirement, to ensure the discharge of product C O gas, avoids air-flow freely not cause " collapsing bed ".Yet the reaction surface of block raw material is little, speed of reaction is slow, and the residence time in stove is long, throughput is little, and energy consumption of unit product is very high.In addition, the loss of block raw material in getting the raw materials ready is very big, and general about raw material more than 20% can not use [Wei Zemin, calcium carbide industrial energy saving Study on Technology, Chinese chlor-alkali, 1998] because grinding particle size is too small.The key reason of therefore, calcium carbide production " high investment, high energy consumption " is the mode that adopts block raw material and simple electric arc heat supply.
Summary of the invention
The technology and the device that the purpose of this invention is to provide the use producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through that a kind of energy consumption is little, cost is low.
Preparing method of the present invention is following:
(1), carbon raw material and calcic raw material be broken respectively earlier, sieve granularity less than 8mm, dries to moisture<4wt%, two kinds of raw materials proportion;
(2), spray in the shaft furnace from the oxygen jet of shaft furnace bottom, calcareous raw material after the cooperation and carbon raw material get into shaft furnace from the feed(raw material)inlet of shaft furnace, and oxygen and carbon raw material combustion reactions are warming up to more than 1300 ℃ the interior furnace charge of shaft furnace through the oxygen that is preheating to 900~1500 ℃; The hot furnace charge that comes out in the shaft furnace bottom is through tremie pipe, from the hot furnace gas mouth entering electric arc furnace of electric arc furnace, under the electrode arc heat effect; Hot charge-temperature rises to 1700~2200 ℃, and reaction generates calcium carbide, generates hot furnace gas simultaneously; Hot furnace gas is discharged from hot furnace gas mouth, rises to shaft furnace through tremie pipe, and the high temperature calcium carbide liquid is discharged from the bottom leakage fluid dram of electric arc furnace; And carry out heat exchange with oxygen; Calcium carbide liquid is cooled, and generates the calcium carbide product, and oxygen is by preheating;
(3), shaft furnace contains solid gas the furnace gas export pipe separates through tornado dust collector from the shaft furnace top; Isolated solid is back in the shaft furnace through the raw material refluxing opening; Recycle, isolated gas makes its dustiness drop to 1~5mg/Nm through two-stage dust removal, waste heat recovery, bag-type dust
3Below, temperature is reduced to 30~45 ℃, can be used as fuel gas or material gas and recycles.
Aforesaid carbon raw material and calcic raw materials quality are than being (1.3~3): 1
Carbon raw material is coal, coke or the mixture of the two of ash<18% as stated, and the calcic raw material is one or more in the unslaked lime of carbide slag, CaO content>65% of Wingdale, CaO content>65% of CaO content>48%.
For realizing the purpose of foregoing invention, be designed with two-stage method and produce the calcium carbide device, it is made up of epimere shaft furnace, hypomere electric arc furnace and cyclonic separator; It is characterized in that shaft furnace is a cylinder mode, the peripheral hardware thermal insulation layer, gas distribution grid is arranged at the shaft furnace bottom; Feed(raw material)inlet, raw material refluxing opening are arranged on the gas distribution grid, oxygen jet is arranged under the gas distribution grid, the shaft furnace furnace roof has furnace gas export; Link to each other with tornado dust collector, tornado dust collector are connected with the raw material refluxing opening through the raw material return line, and the shaft furnace bottom communicates with tremie pipe; The hypomere electric arc furnace is made up of furnace shell, furnace wall, body of heater manhole, bell, electrode, electrode sealing-ring, cupola well, carbide liquid relief outlet and hot furnace gas mouth, and the furnace shell upper end is a bell, and the furnace shell bottom is a cupola well; The furnace shell inboard is the furnace wall, and is positioned on the cupola well, and the furnace wall, left side has manhole; Bottom, furnace wall, right side has the carbide liquid outlet, and electrode sealing-ring, hot furnace gas mouth are arranged on the bell, places electrode in the electrode sealing-ring; Electrode is inserted into middle part in the electric arc furnace, and tremie pipe communicates with hot furnace gas mouth.
Aforesaid shaft furnace aspect ratio is 4~8.
Aforesaid carbide liquid drain adopts corundum brick to build by laying bricks or stones, and basque or furnace wall adopt that carbon element is brick to be built.
Aforesaid oxygen jet has 3~10.
The present invention has following remarkable advantage
1, compare with traditional calcium carbide working method, the present invention adopts powder raw material, and raw material sources are wide, utilization ratio is high, speed of reaction is fast, temperature of reaction is low, throughput is big.
2, adopt the compound heat-supplying mode of carbon raw material partial combustion heat supply and electric arc heat supply, the calcium carbide product purity is high, and energy consumption of reaction is low, and the calcium carbide production cost is low.
Calcium carbide new process of production of the present invention, biggest characteristic is: adopting the oxidized thermal source that reaction mass is warming up to more than 1300 ℃ earlier, is that reaction of chief commander's calcium carbide and purification maintain 1700~2200 ℃ with the electric furnace heat supply again, generates the higher-grade calcium carbide.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that two-stage method of the present invention is produced calcium carbide device synoptic diagram.
The explanation of accompanying drawing mark:
The 1-cupola well, 2-body of heater manhole, 3-bell, the hot furnace gas mouth of 4-, 5-tremie pipe; The 6-gas distribution grid, 7-feed(raw material)inlet, 8-furnace gas export, 9-tornado dust collector, 10-furnace gas pipe; 11-raw material return line, 12-raw material refluxing opening, 13-oxygen jet, 14-electrode; 15-electrode sealing-ring, 16-furnace shell, 17-furnace wall, 18-carbide liquid relief outlet.
Embodiment
Testing apparatus is minitype vertical type stove (supply load 300KVA).Test uses raw material to be Wingdale, unslaked lime, hard coal, coke, Wingdale CaO content 54.32%, unslaked lime butt CaO content 94%, hard coal volatile content 6.55%, ash 10.26%, coke volatile content 1.55%.
Two-stage method production calcium carbide device is made up of epimere shaft furnace, hypomere electric arc furnace and cyclonic separator 9, and shaft furnace is a cylinder mode, the peripheral hardware thermal insulation layer; Gas distribution grid 6 is arranged at the shaft furnace bottom, and feed(raw material)inlet 7, raw material refluxing opening 12 are arranged on the gas distribution grid 6, and oxygen jet 13 is arranged under the gas distribution grid 6; The shaft furnace furnace roof has furnace gas export 8 to link to each other with tornado dust collector 9, and the raw material return line 11 on the tornado dust collector is connected with raw material refluxing opening 12, and the shaft furnace bottom communicates with tremie pipe 5; The hypomere electric arc furnace is made up of furnace shell 16, furnace wall 17, body of heater manhole 2, bell 3, electrode 14, electrode sealing-ring 15, cupola well 1, carbide liquid relief outlet 18 and hot furnace gas mouth 4, and furnace shell 16 upper ends are bells 3, and furnace shell 16 bottoms are cupola wells 1; The furnace shell inboard is furnace wall 17; And be positioned on the cupola well 1, furnace wall, left side 17 has manhole 2, and 17 bottoms, furnace wall, right side have carbide liquid outlet 18; Electrode sealing-ring 15, hot furnace gas mouth 8 are arranged on the bell 3; Place electrode 14 in the electrode sealing-ring 15, electrode 14 is inserted into middle part in the electric arc furnace, and tremie pipe 5 communicates with hot furnace gas mouth 4.Wherein the shaft furnace aspect ratio is 8, and carbide liquid drain 18 adopts corundum bricks to build by laying bricks or stones, and carbon element is brick builds for cupola well 1 liner and furnace wall 17 employings.Oxygen jet has 10, and level is evenly arranged.
(1), above-mentioned hard coal, Wingdale is broken respectively earlier, sieve granularity less than 8mm, dry to moisture<4wt%, by weight ratio---hard coal: Wingdale=cooperate at 1.54: 1;
(2), through being preheating to 1000~1400 ℃ oxygen by 110.8Nm
3The flow of/h sprays in the shaft furnace from the oxygen jet 13 of shaft furnace bottom, and the hard coal after the cooperation, Wingdale get into shaft furnaces according to the flow of 340kg/h from the feed(raw material)inlet 7 of shaft furnace continuously, and oxygen makes the interior furnace charge of shaft furnace be warming up to 1300~1500 ℃ with the anthracite combustion reaction; The hot furnace charge that comes out in the shaft furnace bottom is through tremie pipe 5, from the hot furnace gas mouth 4 entering electric arc furnace of electric arc furnace, under electrode 14 arc heat effects; Hot charge-temperature rises to 1900~2100 ℃, and reaction generates calcium carbide, generates hot furnace gas simultaneously; Hot furnace gas is discharged from hot furnace gas mouth 4, rises to shaft furnace through tremie pipe 5, and the high temperature calcium carbide liquid is discharged from the bottom leakage fluid dram 18 of electric arc furnace; And carrying out heat exchange with oxygen, calcium carbide liquid is cooled, and generates the calcium carbide product; Oxygen is by preheating, and carbide liquid is every two hours arranged once, each about 170kg of discharge capacity;
(3), shaft furnace contains solid gas furnace gas export 8 pipe separates through tornado dust collector 9 from the shaft furnace top; Isolated solid is through raw material return line 11; Raw material refluxing opening 12 is back in the shaft furnace; Recycle, isolated gas makes its dustiness drop to 1~5mg/Nm through two-stage dust removal, waste heat recovery, bag-type dust
3Below, temperature is reduced to 30~45 ℃, can be used as fuel gas or material gas and recycles.
The CaC of gained calcium carbide product
2Content is 80.6%, and gas forming amount is 300L/kg.
The shaft furnace aspect ratio that two-stage method is produced the calcium carbide device is 5.5, and oxygen jet has 6.Above-mentioned hard coal, unslaked lime is broken respectively earlier, sieve granularity less than 8mm; Dry to moisture<4wt%; By weight ratio---hard coal: after unslaked lime=1.72: 1 cooperates, send into continuously in the vertical heater according to the flow of 210kg/h, epimere shaft furnace dump temperature is controlled at 1300~1500 ℃; Hypomere electric arc furnace carbide liquid temperature is controlled at about 1900~2100 ℃, winding-up pure oxygen 64Nm
3/ h.Every two hours arrange carbide liquid one time, each about 170kg of discharge capacity is cooled to normal temperature with it, CaC
2Content is 80.6%, and gas forming amount is 300L/kg.All the other are with embodiment 1.
The shaft furnace aspect ratio that two-stage method is produced the calcium carbide device is 4, and oxygen jet has 3.Above-mentioned coke, Wingdale is broken respectively earlier, sieve granularity less than 8mm; Dry to moisture<4wt%; By weight ratio---coke: after Wingdale=1.47: 1 cooperates, send into continuously in the vertical heater according to the flow of 330kg/h, epimere shaft furnace dump temperature is controlled at 1300~1500 ℃; Hypomere electric arc furnace carbide liquid temperature is controlled at 1900~2100 ℃, winding-up pure oxygen 110.8Nm
3/ h.Every two hours arrange carbide liquid one time, each about 170kg of discharge capacity is cooled to normal temperature with it, CaC
2Content is 80.6%, and gas forming amount is 300L/kg.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The shaft furnace aspect ratio that two-stage method is produced the calcium carbide device is 7, and oxygen jet has 8.Above-mentioned coke, unslaked lime is broken respectively earlier, sieve granularity less than 8mm, dry to moisture<4wt%, by weight ratio---coke: after unslaked lime=1.64: 1 cooperates; Flow according to 200kg/h is sent in the vertical heater continuously; Epimere shaft furnace dump temperature is controlled at 1300~1500 ℃, and hypomere electric arc furnace carbide liquid temperature is controlled at 1900~2100 ℃, winding-up pure oxygen 64Nm
3/ h.Every two hours arrange carbide liquid one time, each about 170kg of discharge capacity is cooled to normal temperature with it, CaC
2Content is 80.6%, and gas forming amount is 300L/kg.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Claims (5)
1. the technology of a producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1), carbon raw material and calcic raw material be broken respectively earlier, sieve granularity less than 8mm, dries to moisture<4wt%, two kinds of raw materials proportion;
(2), spray in the shaft furnace from the oxygen jet of shaft furnace bottom, calcareous raw material after the cooperation and carbon raw material get into shaft furnace from the feed(raw material)inlet of shaft furnace, and oxygen and carbon raw material combustion reactions are warming up to more than 1300 ℃ the interior furnace charge of shaft furnace through the oxygen that is preheating to 900~1500 ℃; The hot furnace charge that comes out in the shaft furnace bottom is through tremie pipe, from the hot furnace gas mouth entering electric arc furnace of electric arc furnace, under the electrode arc heat effect; Hot charge-temperature rises to 1700~2200 ℃, and reaction generates calcium carbide, generates hot furnace gas simultaneously; Hot furnace gas is discharged from hot furnace gas mouth, rises to shaft furnace through tremie pipe, and the high temperature calcium carbide liquid is discharged from the bottom leakage fluid dram of electric arc furnace; And carry out heat exchange with oxygen; Calcium carbide liquid is cooled, and generates the calcium carbide product, and oxygen is by preheating;
(3), shaft furnace contains solid gas the furnace gas export pipe separates through tornado dust collector from the shaft furnace top; Isolated solid is back in the shaft furnace through the raw material refluxing opening; Recycle, isolated gas makes its dustiness drop to 1~5mg/Nm through two-stage dust removal, waste heat recovery, bag-type dust
3Below, temperature is reduced to 30~45 ℃, can be used as fuel gas or material gas and recycles;
Described carbon raw material and calcic raw materials quality ratio are 1.3~3: 1
2. the technology of a kind of producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described carbon raw material is coal, coke or the mixture of the two of ash<18%.
3. the technology of a kind of producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described calcic raw material is one or more in the unslaked lime of carbide slag, CaO content>65% of the Wingdale of CaO content>48%, CaO content>65%.
4. like the device of the technology of each described a kind of producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that it is made up of epimere shaft furnace, hypomere electric arc furnace and cyclonic separator (9), shaft furnace is a cylinder mode; Peripheral hardware thermal insulation layer, shaft furnace bottom have gas distribution grid (6), and feed(raw material)inlet (7), raw material refluxing opening (12) are arranged on the gas distribution grid (6); Oxygen jet (13) is arranged under the gas distribution grid (6), and the shaft furnace furnace roof has furnace gas export (8) to link to each other with tornado dust collector (9), and the raw material return line (11) on the tornado dust collector (9) is connected with raw material refluxing opening (12); The shaft furnace bottom communicates with tremie pipe (5); The hypomere electric arc furnace is made up of furnace shell (16), furnace wall (17), body of heater manhole (2), bell (3), electrode (14), electrode sealing-ring (15), cupola well (1), carbide liquid relief outlet (18) and hot furnace gas mouth (4), and furnace shell (16) upper end is bell (3), and furnace shell (16) bottom is cupola well (1); The furnace shell inboard is furnace wall (17); And be positioned on the cupola well (1), the furnace wall, left side has manhole (2), and bottom, furnace wall, right side has carbide liquid outlet (18); Electrode sealing-ring (15), hot furnace gas mouth (8) are arranged on the bell (3); Place electrode (14) in the electrode sealing-ring (15), electrode (14) is inserted into middle part in the electric arc furnace, and tremie pipe (5) communicates with hot furnace gas mouth (4);
Described shaft furnace aspect ratio is 4~8;
Described oxygen jet has 3~10.
5. the device of the technology of a kind of producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described carbide liquid outlet (18) adopts corundum brick to build by laying bricks or stones, and cupola well (1) liner or furnace wall (17) adopt that carbon element is brick to be built.
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CN102153085B (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-10-16 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Method for preparing calcium carbide and synthesis gas through thermal oxidation reaction and calcium carbide reactor |
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IT1188905B (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1988-01-28 | Achille Bravi | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CALCIUM CARBIDE AND COMBUSTIBLE ACETYLENE GAS OBTAINED FROM THE CARBIDE |
CN1038798A (en) * | 1988-06-22 | 1990-01-17 | 杨朝杰 | The method and apparatus of smelting calcium carbide |
RU2057406C1 (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1996-03-27 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Тройлер-корпорация" | METHOD FOR PRODUCING CALCIUM CARBIDE |
CN100513310C (en) * | 2005-04-07 | 2009-07-15 | 岳书才 | Method and apparatus for preparing calcium carbide by oxygen-fuel blowing of high furnace |
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