CN107089661B - A kind of calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method produces calcium carbide production technology - Google Patents
A kind of calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method produces calcium carbide production technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN107089661B CN107089661B CN201710455218.XA CN201710455218A CN107089661B CN 107089661 B CN107089661 B CN 107089661B CN 201710455218 A CN201710455218 A CN 201710455218A CN 107089661 B CN107089661 B CN 107089661B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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Abstract
A kind of calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method produces calcium carbide production technology, the calcium focal sphere of 5-30mm is rolled into a ball and is added in moving bed preheater by feeder, it exchanges heat with the air burning flue gas adverse current that bottom rises to 600-1300 DEG C, the kiln tail of rotary kiln reactor is then flowed by the control of preheater bottom plug valve；Hot calcium focal sphere group is heated to 1400-1900 DEG C by the coke powder of injection from kiln head and oxygen thermal-flame in 1.5-10 ° of gradient, 2.0-50 revs/min of rotary kiln, and reaction generates calcium carbide, releases CO, contains CO and H2Pyroreaction gas countercurrent flow to kiln tail and air and coke powder be added and be mixed and burned the air burning flue gas for generating preheating；The calcium carbide of generation is exported from kiln hood to be flowed into after heat preservation moving bed strengthens reaction 5-90 minute, is flowed into grate cooler from heat preservation moving bed bottom and is cooled to 100 DEG C or less as product, after the inert gas recycling heat of heating and is pressurized and is recycled back to grate cooler and takes heat；At the top of moving bed preheater change rear air burning gas by compensation combustion type give up pot recycle heat after, by air-introduced machine outlet.
Description
1. technical field
The present invention provides a kind of calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method and produces calcium carbide production technology, is related to coal chemical technology.
2. background technique
Acetylene is mainly mass produced by carbide at present, is the important source material of organic synthesis industry.Calcium carbide be with
Quick lime and carbon are raw material, are generated in furnace of calcium carbide by complicated physicochemical change.As a kind of novel carbon
Material, semicoke be using the weak bonding of high volatile or non-caking coal as raw material, in, low temperature distillation charing remove coal in tar
Solid product after substance and most of volatile is with its fixed carbon height, resistivity height containing ash is low, sulfur content is low, phosphorus content is low
Characteristic and cheap price, be just gradually applied to the production of the products such as calcium carbide, ferroalloy, it is expensive with fictitious hosts
Metallurgical coke, semicoke is as metallurgy industry important raw material.
Presently most mature calcium carbide production method is traditional electrothermal way.Grain of the electrothermal way production technology to block stock
Degree and quality have certain requirement, the content of calcium oxide is greater than 92% in quick lime, the fixed carbon in coke need to be greater than 84%,
Ash content is less than 15%, moisture less than 3%, and fugitive constituent is less than 1.5%；The granularity of raw material is particularly significant to production process, especially
It is the granularity of quick lime, the problems such as undersized will lead to furnace gas and cannot be smoothly discharged, causes " collapsing bed ", granularity crosses conference reduction
Contact area between coke and calcium oxide influences transfer performance, reduces reaction rate；The industrial partial size model for generally requiring raw material
It encloses for 5-30mm.Since the contact area between blocky coke and CaO (5-30mm) is small, solid-solid reaction is by the tight of transmittance process
It limits again, reaction process needs by quick lime molten state and penetrate into coke briquette to chemically react, so that electric arc furnaces is anti-
It should need to carry out (2000-2200 DEG C) at high temperature, the reaction time is long (1-2h), and single furnace production capacity is low (70kt/a), and calcium carbide per ton is (pure
The energy consumption of degree 80%) is up to 3250kWh, and the thermal efficiency is only 50%；In addition calcium carbide product is up to 2000 DEG C of interval discharge
Above liquid melt, heat recovery is difficult, and worker operation work situation is severe, and there are secondary pollution and hidden peril of explosion, techniques
Urgently improve.
Oxygen thermal method calcium carbide production technology is exactly to be burnt that electric heating next life is replaced to produce electricity stone in furnace of calcium carbide using fuel, kept away
Exempt from the energy loss in coal fired generation process；And it can be closed with coal pyrolysis grading process lotus root, reduce industrial residue discharge, have
Hope the new technology route for forming the comprehensive utilization of a coal.Since the 1950s, people produce calcium carbide for oxygen thermal method
Research never stop, or so nineteen sixty, the oxygen thermal method that pilot-scale has been built with regard to oneself by the U.S., Germany and Dutch three states produces
Calcium carbide device, the external oxygen thermal method for also having slightly scale at present produce calcium carbide device, root according to relevant report, one ton of electricity of every production
Stone needs to consume oxygen 1560Nm3, consumption coke 2.8t, quick lime 1.2t, in addition also needs 600 degree of power consumption.Although Liu Zhenyu etc.
According to the theory of oxygen thermal method by the reaction process of research powdered coke and calcium oxide, a kind of new production side of calcium carbide is proposed
Method is less than the powdery carbon raw material (coal or coke) and powdery calcic raw material (calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, hydrogen-oxygen of 0.3mm using granularity
Change calcium or carbide slag) technique of calcium carbide is produced, and propose two kinds of structure of reactor.But it examines due to structure of reactor and not
Consider with calcium carbide fusing point W type changing rule caused by carbonization intracellular calcium content change, the technology path and electric heating of the produced calcium carbide of oxygen thermal method
Method is equally liquid form product, and the selection of calcium coke ratio is unreasonable, causes calcium carbide heat recovery difficult, raw material preheating still utilizes by-product height
Warm CO, compared with external oxygen thermal method technique, oxygen consumption and carbon consumption are showed no and are greatly lowered, and have no industry test and industrialization at present
As a result.
Quick lime and coke adding procedure are cumbersome, complicated in current electric arc furnaces heating technical process, and in lime stone
With semi-coke in entire production and use process, processes such as broken, screening solids and solid transportation along with solid always, this
A little processes can generate a large amount of powdery quick lime semicokes or coke for being less than 6mm, it would be highly desirable to utilize.
More nervous additionally, due to fat lime stone resource, exploitation destroys seriously massif environment, and lime stone is opened in various regions
Control of excavation quantity is more and more tighter, becomes the bottleneck of domestic quick lime production, it would be highly desirable to make full use of effective component in carbide slag, improve stone
The cyclic utilization rate of lime stone.
Therefore being badly in need of exploitation can be using the new process and relevant equipment skill of calcium lime powder and coke powder production calcium carbide and acetylene
Art improves the cyclic utilization rate of carbide slag, reduces reaction temperature, accelerates reaction speed, reduces production energy consumption and cost, improves electricity
The processing capacity and heat recovery rate of stone furnace eliminate secondary pollution.
3. summary of the invention
A kind of calcium focal sphere invented the purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing electric furnace heating production acetylene
Group's classification oxygen thermal method produces calcium carbide production technology, reasonably selects calcium coke ratio, and highly effective reaction while ensures that product is solid phase, is convenient for
Waste heat recycling；Reaction coke powder and combustion heat supplying coke powder are individually separated, and select different combustion adjuvant fractional combustions, are reduced oxygen consumption, are subtracted
Light waste gas utilization and processing difficulty；The reaction of calcium focal sphere group had not only solved the recycling problem of calcium lime powder and coke powder, but also reduced
Reaction temperature accelerates reaction speed, reduces production energy consumption and cost, the processing capacity for improving furnace of calcium carbide, also achieves high-quality
Limestone resource recycles, eliminates solid waste pollution.
Technical solution of the present invention: the calcium focal sphere of 5-30mm being rolled into a ball and is added in moving bed preheater by feeder, with
The air burning flue gas adverse current risen from moving bed preheater bottom exchanges heat to 600-1300 DEG C, then passes through moving bed preheater
The high temperature plug valve control of bottom flows into the kiln tail of rotary kiln reactor；Hot calcium focal sphere group is with 1.5-10 ° of gradient, 2.0-50
Rev/min rotary kiln in by the coke powder and oxygen thermal-flame of injection from kiln head be heated to 1400-1900 DEG C, reaction generates electricity
Stone releases CO, contains CO and H2Pyroreaction gas countercurrent flow to kiln tail and air and coke powder is added is mixed and burned and generate preheating
Air burning flue gas；After the calcium carbide of generation flows into heat preservation moving bed reinforcing reaction 5-90 minutes from kiln hood outlet, from heat preservation
Moving bed bottom flows into grate cooler and cools to 100 DEG C or less as product, after the inert gas recycling heat of heating and quilt
Pressurized circulation returns grate cooler and takes heat；Air burning flue gas passes through dedusting and compensation combustion type after heat exchange at the top of moving bed preheater
After useless pot recycling heat, by air-introduced machine outlet.
Wherein, moving bed preheater top center is equipped with rotatory sealing feeder and feeder pipe, blanking pipe range 50-
1000mm；Top-side is equipped with the outlet of air burning flue gas after heat exchange, is sequentially connected the useless pot of gas-solid separator, compensation combustion type respectively
And air-introduced machine；Bottom is grate type conical head, enters moving bed preheater heating calcium focal sphere group convenient for air burning flue gas, opens
Porosity 10%-70%, cone angle 45%-150%；Feeder pipe is set in the middle part of grate type conical head, and feeder pipe outlet is provided with height
Warm plug valve controls discharge quantity.
The length of rotary kiln reactor is 20-80m, and kiln tail is provided with coke powder air-breathing burner, and kiln hood is provided with coke powder
Oxygen burner, rotary kiln reactor use magnesia carbon brick, spinel brick or Direct bond magnesia-chrome brick and mould material.
Heat preservation moving bed is rectangular configuration, and conical head is arranged in bottom, and cone angle 45%-150%, center is provided with and moving bed
The fillet of equal length stitches, width 50-300mm.
The present invention carrys out embodiment to describe the features of the present invention in detail.
4. Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is process schematic representation of the invention.
The drawing of attached drawing is described as follows:
1, feeder 2, moving bed preheater 3, gas-solid separator 4, compensation combustion type useless pot 5, air-introduced machine 6, coke powder air
Combustion-supporting burner 7, grate type conical head 8, high temperature plug valve 9, rotary kiln reactor 10, coke powder oxygen burner 11, kiln hood
Outlet 12, heat preservation moving bed 13, grate cooler 14,15 booster fan 16 of heat exchanger, calcium carbide product blow-off valve
Process characteristic of the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
5. specific embodiment
The calcium focal sphere of 5-30mm group is added in moving bed preheater (2) by embodiment by feeder (1), and from shifting
The air burning flue gas adverse current that dynamic bed preheater (2) bottom rises exchanges heat to 600-1300 DEG C, then passes through moving bed preheater
(2) high temperature plug valve (8) control of bottom flows into the kiln tail of rotary kiln reactor (9)；Hot calcium focal sphere group is with gradient 1.5-
10 °, added in 2.0-50 revs/min of rotary kiln by coke powder and oxygen thermal-flame that kiln hood coke powder oxygen burner (10) is blown
Heat arrives 1400-1900 DEG C, and reaction generates calcium carbide, releases CO, contains CO and H2Pyroreaction gas countercurrent flow to kiln tail and pass through
Air is added in coke powder air-breathing burner (6) and coke powder is mixed and burned the air burning flue gas for generating preheating；The calcium carbide of generation
After flowing into heat preservation moving bed (12) reinforcing reaction 5-90 minutes from kiln hood outlet (11), flows into and comb from heat preservation moving bed (12) bottom
Formula cooler (13) cools to 100 DEG C and is discharged below by way of calcium carbide product blow-off valve (16) as product, the inert gas of heating
By pressurized blower (15) pressurized circulation time grate cooler (13) takes heat again after heat exchanger (14) recycling heat；Moving bed preheating
The rear air burning gas that changes at the top of device (2) is given up after pot (4) recycle heat by gas-solid separator (3) dedusting and compensation combustion type, is drawn
Blower (5) outlet.
Wherein, moving bed preheater (2) top center is equipped with rotatory sealing feeder (1) and feeder pipe, blanking pipe range 50-
1000mm；Top-side is equipped with the outlet for changing rear air burning flue gas, and it is useless to be sequentially connected gas-solid separator (3), compensation combustion type respectively
Pot (4) and air-introduced machine (5)；Bottom is grate type conical head (7), enters moving bed preheater convenient for anti-air burning flue gas
(2) calcium focal sphere group, percent opening 10%-70%, cone angle 45%-150% are heated；Blanking is set in the middle part of grate type conical head (7)
Pipe, feeder pipe outlet are provided with high temperature plug valve (8), control discharge quantity.
The length of rotary kiln reactor (9) is 20-80m, and kiln tail is provided with coke powder air-breathing burner (6), kiln hood setting
Have coke powder oxygen burner (10), rotary kiln reactor (9) is using magnesia carbon brick, spinel brick or Direct bond magnesia-chrome brick and pours
Infuse material.
Keeping the temperature moving bed (12) is rectangular configuration, and conical head is arranged in bottom, and cone angle 45%-150%, center is provided with and moves
The fillet seam of dynamic bed equal length, width 50-300mm.
Calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method provided by the present invention produces calcium carbide production technology, selects reasonable calcium coke ratio, makes electricity
The calcium content that is carbonized in stone is greater than 78%, it is ensured that calcium carbide product is solid-state in rotary kiln reactor, convenient for flowing and waste heat recycling；Instead
Coke powder is answered to prepare calcium focal sphere group reaction in-situ production calcium carbide, combustion heat supplying coke powder is selected in burner and combustion-supporting different respectively
Combustion adjuvant fractional combustion reduces by 60% or more oxygen consumption, alleviates waste gas utilization and processing difficulty, while impurity separates in carbide slag
Difficulty reduces；Calcium focal sphere group reaction in-situ calcium carbide is utilized cheap coke powder and powdered lime, reduce by 300 DEG C of reaction temperature with
On, accelerate 1 times of reaction speed or more, realize calcium carbide continuous production, reduce by 30% or more production cost, reduces power consumption 80%,
Carbide slag cyclic utilization rate is also achieved greater than 80%, eliminates carbide slag pollution；Grate cooler recycles calcium carbide discharge heat
70% or more, secondary pollution and the explosion danger of the discharge of high temperature calcium carbide liquid are eliminated, the work situation of worker is improved.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method produces calcium carbide production technology, it is characterized in that by the calcium focal sphere group of 5-30mm by into
Glassware is added in moving bed preheater, is exchanged heat with the air burning flue gas adverse current risen from moving bed preheater bottom to 600-
1300 DEG C, the kiln tail of rotary kiln reactor is then flowed by the high temperature plug valve control of moving bed preheater bottom；Hot calcium focal sphere
Group is heated in the rotary kiln of 1.5-10 ° of gradient, 2.0-50 revs/min by the coke powder of injection from kiln head and oxygen thermal-flame
To 1400-1900 DEG C, reaction generates calcium carbide, releases CO, contains CO and H2Pyroreaction gas countercurrent flow to kiln tail and be added empty
Gas and coke powder are mixed and burned the air burning flue gas for generating preheating；The calcium carbide of generation is strong from kiln hood outlet inflow heat preservation moving bed
After changing reaction 5-90 minutes, 100 DEG C or less are cooled to from heat preservation moving bed bottom inflow grate cooler and is used as product, heating
It is again pressurized after inert gas recycling heat to be recycled back to grate cooler and take heat；Air fires after heat exchange at the top of moving bed preheater
After burning flue gas by dedusting and the useless pot recycling heat of compensation combustion type, by air-introduced machine outlet.
2. a kind of calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method according to claim 1 produces calcium carbide production technology, it is characterised in that move
Dynamic bed preheater top center is equipped with rotatory sealing feeder and feeder pipe, blanking pipe range 50-1000mm；Top-side is equipped with and changes
The outlet of air burning flue gas after heat is sequentially connected the useless pot of gas-solid separator, compensation combustion type and air-introduced machine respectively；Bottom is grate type
Conical head enters moving bed preheater heating calcium focal sphere group, percent opening 10%-70%, cone angle convenient for air burning flue gas
45%-150%；Feeder pipe is set in the middle part of grate type conical head, and feeder pipe outlet is provided with high temperature plug valve, controls discharge quantity.
3. a kind of calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method according to claim 1 produces calcium carbide production technology, it is characterised in that rotation
The length of rotary kiln reactor is 20-80m, and kiln tail is provided with coke powder air-breathing burner, and kiln hood is provided with coke powder oxygen burner,
Rotary kiln reactor uses magnesia carbon brick, spinel brick or Direct bond magnesia-chrome brick and mould material
4. a kind of calcium focal sphere group classification oxygen thermal method according to claim 1 produces calcium carbide production technology, it is characterised in that protect
Warm moving bed is rectangular configuration, and conical head is arranged in bottom, and cone angle 45%-150%, center is provided with narrow with moving bed equal length
Item seam, width 50-300mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817525A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-01 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Process and device for producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method |
| CN101830464A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-15 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Technique for producing calcium carbide and cogeneration by two-stage method and device thereof |
| CN102153085A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-08-17 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Method for preparing calcium carbide and synthesis gas through thermal oxidation reaction and calcium carbide reactor |
| CN103272536A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-09-04 | 北京化工大学 | Composite bed reactor and method for combined production of calcium carbide, gas and tar |
| CN106672972A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-17 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | System and method for preparing calcium carbide |
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2017
- 2017-06-16 CN CN201710455218.XA patent/CN107089661B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817525A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-01 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Process and device for producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method |
| CN101830464A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-15 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Technique for producing calcium carbide and cogeneration by two-stage method and device thereof |
| CN102153085A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-08-17 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Method for preparing calcium carbide and synthesis gas through thermal oxidation reaction and calcium carbide reactor |
| CN103272536A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-09-04 | 北京化工大学 | Composite bed reactor and method for combined production of calcium carbide, gas and tar |
| CN106672972A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-17 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | System and method for preparing calcium carbide |
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