CN109897672A - The device and method produced using circulation of tail gas coal gasification - Google Patents
The device and method produced using circulation of tail gas coal gasification Download PDFInfo
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- CN109897672A CN109897672A CN201910157311.1A CN201910157311A CN109897672A CN 109897672 A CN109897672 A CN 109897672A CN 201910157311 A CN201910157311 A CN 201910157311A CN 109897672 A CN109897672 A CN 109897672A
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Abstract
A kind of process units and method using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, device include rotary kiln, gasifying furnace and separation equipment.Rotary kiln exhaust gas outlet is connected to CO injection entrance all the way, and a-road-through excess enthalpy recuperation of heat generator unit is connected to cyclone dust collectors.Convert the CO of separator2Outlet passes through CO2Recovery pump is connected to gasifying furnace.Production method are as follows: coal dust and pure oxygen or vapor or carbon dioxide after dry spray into gasifying furnace, coal dust and pure oxygen or vapor or carbon dioxide via nozzle and carry out combustion reaction generation coal gas in gasifying furnace.Coal gas enters rotary kiln heating and calcining raw material via CO circulation line, generates product and tail gas.Tail gas a part is stored to tail gas storage tank, and a part makees recyclegas and enters gasifying furnace through CO injection entrance.The present invention, to equipment heat supply, is controlled coal gasification temperature using circulation of tail gas, improves coal heat type heat utilization rate by the coal gas of high temperature of Coal Gasification, is reduced coal-fired and oxygen consumption, is realized carbon dioxide zero discharge.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the energy and mineral manufacture field, it is related to a kind of process units using circulation of tail gas coal gasification and side
Method.
Background technique
Calcium carbide production energy consumption is high, and traditional calcium carbide production method is electrothermal way, i.e., former from calcium carbide by electrically heated method
Material obtains calcium carbide product.The specific gravity that the Energy Consumption Cost of calcium carbide production accounts for total cost of production is larger, belongs to high energy consumption industry.Cause
Electricity is secondary energy sources (heat utilization rate of thermal power generation is about 30% ~ 40%), and electrothermal way production calcium carbide will lead to the production of calcium carbide
Cost is high, and industrial calcium carbide is made to lack competitiveness on the market.The production of coal gasification calcium carbide is not exclusively fired with coal or coke
It burns (high-temperature gasification) and heat is provided, eliminate the limitation of generating efficiency, provided theoretically to improve the utilization rate of non-renewable energy
A possibility that.
The carbon in carbide raw material can be consumed in the calcium carbide production environment of the great amount of carbon dioxide generated of burning at high temperature
(CO2+ C=2CO).Because other oxidants in calcium carbide reaction system may consume the carbon or calcium carbide that can be used as reducing agent, institute
It must be carried out in reducing atmosphere with the generation reaction of calcium carbide.It can produce high-purity with the imperfect combustion of coal or coke
CO gas, and heat required for calcium carbide produces is provided.By heat chemistry it is found that the standard enthalpy of formation of CO is less than CO2's
30%, same heat is provided, imperfect combustion usually consumes more carbon raw materials (coke or coal).
When the outlet temperature of calcium carbide tail gas is set as 1500 DEG C, CO is used2High-temperature gasification with the mixture of pure oxygen as coal
When agent, fuel the consumption of coal is 5.8 times as carbide raw material coal.Under above-mentioned operating condition, consumed by the production of coal gasification calcium carbide
The coal overwhelming majority has been used as fuel, and fuel be actually used in calcium carbide production ratio it is very low.This is because after calcium carbide unit
Gasification gas is present in the CO in high-temperature tail gas, and leaves system for producing calcium carbide, and coal-fired energy is mainly with calcium carbide tail gas sensible heat
System for producing calcium carbide has been discharged with the form of the combustion heat.To guarantee that certain calcium carbide yield only increases Coal Gasification amount, this is just
It is very high to be bound to cause coal-fired consumption.Therefore, the fuel availability of coal gasification calcium carbide production how is improved, fuel is reduced and disappears
Consumption, becomes technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of process units using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, are obtained by Coal Gasification
Coal gas of high temperature controls the temperature of coal gasification using circulation of tail gas to calcium carbide production equipment direct heating, improves coal heat type heat benefit
With rate, coal-fired consumption is reduced.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sides using calcium carbide tail gas circulation coal gasification production calcium carbide
Method.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of process units using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, including rotary kiln, raw material cabin and products transportation vehicle, the rotary kiln
It is connect equipped with offgas outlet, raw material nozzles, circulation CO entrance and products export, the raw material cabin with raw material nozzles, raw material cabin is set
There is raw material that mouth is added, described device is equipped with gasifying furnace, exhaust heat recovery power generation unit, tail gas storage tank, transformation separator, rotation
Wind deduster, high pressure hydrogen process units, liquid hydrogen process units and metal hydride process units.The gasifying furnace is equipped with
The outlet CO, injector and nozzle are recycled, the injector is equipped with the import of injection gas, CO injection entrance and jet port, the injection
Mouth is connected to gasifying furnace.The offgas outlet is divided into two-way, is connected to CO injection entrance, a-road-through excess enthalpy recuperation of heat all the way
Generator unit is connected to the entrance of cyclone dust collectors；The upper gas outlet of the cyclone dust collectors is connected to by tail gas storage tank
Separator is converted, the lower part discharge port of the cyclone dust collectors is connected to raw material cabin.The transformation separator is equipped with plus water
Mouth, hydrogen outlet and CO2Outlet, the hydrogen outlet are connected respectively to high pressure hydrogen process units, liquid hydrogen process units and gold
Belong to hydride process units, the CO2Outlet passes through CO2Recovery pump is connected to injection gas import.
Described device is equipped with 2# cyclone dust collectors, and the offgas outlet of the rotary kiln is connected to 2# cyclone dust collectors all the way
Entrance, the gas vent of the 2# cyclone dust collectors are connected to CO injection entrance, the lower part discharge port connection of 2# cyclone dust collectors
To raw material cabin.
Described device is equipped with lime-ash waste-heat recovery device, pulverizer and magnetic separator, and the gasifying furnace lower part is equipped with slag
Outlet, the slag outlet are connected to magnetic separator by lime-ash waste-heat recovery device and pulverizer, and the magnetic separator goes out equipped with iron powder
Mouth and lime-ash outlet, the iron powder outlet are connected to products transportation vehicle, and the lime-ash outlet is connected to deslagging pond.
The rotary kiln is equipped with kiln head cover, and sealing room is equipped between the kiln head cover and kiln body, and kiln head cover is equipped with circulation CO
Entrance and products export, the sealing include edge of a knife dynamic sealing, and carbon dioxide recovery pump discharge is connected to sealing room all the way.Institute
Stating nozzle is coaxial sleeve core structure, and it is oxygen channel, oxygen channel around coal dust channel that the center of nozzle, which is coal dust channel,
Water vapour or carbon dioxide can be passed through.The sealing room can be heavy or multi-sealed with one, can be static seal or dynamic sealing, can
To use carbon dioxide, nitrogen, vapor, inert gas or their mixture to carry out gas curtain seals, guarantee in rotary kiln
Gas does not enter atmosphere, and atmosphere does not enter in rotary kiln.
The gasifying furnace is horizontal gasifying furnace or vertical gasifying furnace.
The vertical gasifying furnace is equipped with the circulation outlet CO, injector, nozzle and slag notch, and the injector, which is equipped with, to be drawn
It emanates import, CO injection entrance and jet port, the jet port is connected to vertical gasifying furnace.The vertical gasifying furnace
Interior to be equipped with steam pipe coil, the steam pipe coil is equipped with coil inlets and steam (vapor) outlet.Described device is equipped with drum, flying dust is enriched with
Device, exhaust heat recovery power generation unit and transformation separator.The coil inlets and steam (vapor) outlet and drum of the steam pipe coil) even
It connects.The circulation CO of the vertical gasifying furnace, which is exported, is divided into two-way by flying dust enricher, is connected to the CO of injector all the way
Injection entrance, a-road-through excess enthalpy recuperation of heat generator unit are connected to transformation separator.The transformation separator is equipped with plus water
Mouth, hydrogen outlet and CO2Loop exit, the water inlet are connect with pond, and the hydrogen outlet is connected to hydrogen-holder, described
CO2Loop exit is connected to the injection gas import of vertical gasifying furnace.The slag notch is connected by lime-ash waste-heat recovery device
It is connected to grey slag bath.
The vertical gasifying furnace is equipped with the circulation outlet CO, injector, nozzle and slag notch, and the injector, which is equipped with, to be drawn
It emanates import, CO injection entrance and jet port, the jet port is connected to vertical gasifying furnace.Described device be equipped with drum,
Recuperator, flying dust enricher, exhaust heat recovery power generation unit and transformation separator.Steam is equipped in the recuperator
Coil pipe, the steam pipe coil are equipped with coil inlets and steam (vapor) outlet, and the coil inlets and steam (vapor) outlet are connect with drum.
The outlet circulation CO of the vertical gasifying furnace is connected to flying dust enricher, the flying dust enricher point by recuperator
For two-way, it is connected to the CO injection entrance of injector all the way, a-road-through excess enthalpy recuperation of heat generator unit is connected to transformation separation dress
It sets.The transformation separator is equipped with filler, hydrogen outlet and CO2Loop exit, the water inlet is connect with pond, described
Hydrogen outlet is connected to hydrogen-holder, the CO2Loop exit is connected to the injection gas import of vertical gasifying furnace.It is described go out
Cinder notch is connected to grey slag bath by lime-ash waste-heat recovery device.
A kind of production method using circulation of tail gas coal gasification process units, raw material enter rotary kiln through raw material nozzles, do
Coal dust, pure oxygen, water and carbon dioxide after dry spray into gasifying furnace via nozzle, and coal dust, pure oxygen, water and carbon dioxide are in gas
Change heating furnace and carries out combustion reaction generation coal gas.Coal gas enters revolution through CO circulation line and circulation CO entrance by the outlet circulation CO
Kiln heating and calcining raw material generates product and tail gas.Product is divided into two through offgas outlet through products export to products transportation vehicle, tail gas
Part, a part to tail gas storage tank store, and a part enters gasifying furnace through CO injection entrance as recyclegas.
The amount of the recyclegas requires determination according to gasification process, and recyclegas can be used or can not be used.Benefit
The carbon dioxide in tail gas can be made completely or partially to recycle with the method, instead of partial oxidation, realize carbon dioxide
Zero-emission, the purified hydrogen of by-product as energy discharge system outside, water vapour also can replace partial oxidation, the oxygen as coal dust
Agent；The coal dust can be substituted by other carbonaceous materials, carry out injection in the device, carried out gas while gasification and followed
The method of ring can be such that the consumption of carbonaceous material significantly reduces, while can use the carbon dioxide in tail gas and vapor drop
The usage amount of low oxygen realizes the zero-emission of carbon dioxide, reduces costs simultaneously, realizes environmentally protective producer
Method, while going back the renewable energy hydrogen of by-product green.
Coal dust after the drying is by CO2Make carrier gas and enters gasifying furnace through nozzle.
The temperature of the coal gas of the outlet circulation CO of the gasifying furnace is 800 DEG C ~ 3000 DEG C；The temperature of the offgas outlet
Degree is 100 DEG C ~ 2000 DEG C.
The water vapour or carbon dioxide can be added according to the technological requirements or not added, water vapour or carbon dioxide addition
Amount can be controlled in proportion according to the technological requirements.
The rotary kiln can be applied to any metal smelt, high-temperature calcination, Boiler Steam power generation and other techniques, revolution
Kiln can be replaced by various vertical heater kilns, this vertical heater kiln include but is not limited to be metal smelt, or can
With high-temperature calcination, or can generate electricity.The coal dust can be substituted by other carbonaceous materials, and carrier of coal powder can be dioxy
Change carbon, water vapour, water, nitrogen, helium, argon gas, other inert gases or their mixture.The injector can be by other
As long as the power device that can reach injection purpose substituted.The injector and nozzle are as close as possible in order to coal dust and oxygen
Agent is sufficiently mixed contact, increases the reaction efficiency of coal dust.
The raw material and the raw material recycled from tail gas are conveyed by carrier gas, are sprayed onto rotary kiln or various vertical through raw material nozzles
In heating furnace kiln, this process can be such that tail gas lacks to carry raw material powder and go out rotary kiln or various vertical heater kilns using any
Method and apparatus, to reduce raw material powder entrained by tail gas；Including but not limited to using raw material by carbon dioxide and other stabilizations
Gas conveying, is laterally sprayed on rotary kiln or the material inner wall of various vertical heater kiln high-temperature fusions through raw material nozzles, makes original
Feed powder is bonded on high-temperature molten material, the method for reducing raw material powder entrained by tail gas.
Rotary kiln inclination installation, carbide raw material are added to rotary kiln from high-order kiln tail, export from gasifying furnace
The heat source that produces as calcium carbide of coal gas of high temperature rotary kiln is added from the kiln head cover in lower position.Due to the inclination of rotary kiln
And rotation, solid material do rotary motion in kiln and move along the axis of kiln to kiln hood, coal gas of high temperature hoists from kiln hood
Kiln tail flowing, gas-solid two-phase is generally in counter-current flow.In rotary kiln, powdery solid material is constantly by flue gas and heat
Kiln wall heats (kiln wall is heated in rotary course by hot gas), and heat successively occurs in continuous heating process for carbide raw material coal
Solution reaction and pyrogenetic reaction, last coal dust can be converted into coke powder, participate in calcium carbide generation reaction after continuing heating.Pyrolysis of coal and coking
The gaseous matters such as carbon monoxide, methane, the hydrogen of generation are mixed into the gaseous stream of rotary kiln, and are flowed out as calcium carbide tail gas
Rotary kiln.In the high temperature section of rotary kiln, the generation that calcium carbide can occur when being heated to 1750 DEG C ~ 2000 DEG C for solid material is anti-
It answers.Material slag in the high temperature calcium carbide and excessive calcium oxide and part kiln of generation forms solid-state fusant, solid-state melting
Object provides the calcium carbide microcosmic place that reaction occurs.Fusant is by the gyroscopic action of rotary kiln by the high-temperature gas in kiln and by gas
The kiln wall of body heating heats, and after the thermal balance process for reaching stable state, the heat that material absorbs can just compensate calcium carbide and generate instead
Answer consumed heat (it is the endothermic reaction that calcium carbide, which generates reaction).
The tail gas of rotary kiln is mainly by gasification gas, calcium carbide by-product the carbon monoxide, (oxidation of coal pyrolysis gas-phase product
Carbon, hydrogen and methane etc.) it constitutes.Rotary kiln exhaust gas a part is circulated back to gasifying furnace, and another part is as actual pair
It produces air-flow and goes out calcium carbide production unit and enter subsequent gas to recycle or recycle unit.
It is no in gasifying furnace to introduce the inert substances such as nitrogen, calcium carbide present invention employs calcium carbide tail gas circulation technology
The percentage composition of carbon monoxide is higher in tail gas (calculating the mass content of CO up to 90% or more according to simulation), passes through gasification
Carbon/oxygen in heating furnace than ingredient, may make coal dust imperfect combustion in gasifying furnace generate carbon monoxide position mainly at
The high-temperature gasification gas divided.Amount by adjusting circulation calcium carbide tail gas can control the temperature that gasifying furnace exports coal gas.Calcium carbide
Unit tail gas concentration is high, can save the expense that its recycling purification or burning recycle.
The carbon-based raw material that the present invention is reacted using anthracite as calcium carbide using the process units and method of circulation of tail gas coal gasification
And fuel of heat supply, lime or lime stone are the calcium based raw material of calcium carbide production.The coal gas of high temperature obtained by Coal Gasification is to calcium carbide
Production equipment direct heating controls the temperature of coal gasification using circulation of tail gas, improves coal heat type heat utilization rate, reduces combustion
Consumption of coal amount.The present invention adjusts the concentration that gasifying furnace exports carbon monoxide in coal gas by adjusting oxygen/carbon ratio, compared with low temperature
Calcium carbide tail gas can reduce the theoretical temperature combustion of carbon in pure oxygen after being recycled to gasifying furnace, until gasifying furnace goes out
Mouth gas temperature reaches 2200 DEG C ~ 2300 DEG C of specified value.
Injection is carried out in the device, and the method for carrying out gas circulation while gasification can make the consumption of carbonaceous material
It significantly reduces, while can use the carbon dioxide in tail gas and vapor to reduce the usage amount of oxygen, realizes carbon dioxide
Zero-emission, reduce costs simultaneously, realize environmentally protective production method, while going back the renewable energy hydrogen of by-product green
Gas.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention using the process units of circulation of tail gas coal gasification；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that rotary kiln of the present invention discharges and seals；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of burner of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is another embodiment schematic diagram of the present invention using the process units of circulation of tail gas coal gasification
Fig. 5 is 3rd embodiment schematic diagram of the present invention using the process units of circulation of tail gas coal gasification；
Fig. 6 be it is pollution-free, without one schematic diagram of discharging fire coal power plant；
Fig. 7 be it is pollution-free, without two schematic diagram of discharging fire coal power plant；
Wherein: 1-gasifying furnace, the 2-circulation outlets CO, 3-CO injection entrances, 4-nozzles, 5-rotary kilns, 6-tail gas
Outlet, 7-raw material nozzles, 8-circulation CO entrances, 9-products exports, 10-products transportation vehicles, 11-CO circulation lines, 12-
Sealing gland room, 13-oxygen channels, 14-kiln head covers, 15-coal dust channels, 16-raw material cabins, 17-exhaust heat recovery power generation units,
18-tail gas storage tanks, 19-transformation separators, 20-filler, 21-hydrogen outlets, 22-CO2Outlet, 23-CO2Recycling
Pump, 24-cyclone dust collectors, 25-high pressure hydrogen process units, 26-liquid hydrogen process units, 27-metal hydrides production dress
It sets, mouth, the outlet of 29-lime-ash, 30-vertical gasifying furnaces, 31-flying dust enrichers, 32-lime-ash waste heats is added in 28-raw materials
Recyclable device, 33-drums, 34-pulverizers, 37-injectors, 38-magnetic separators, 39-hydrogen outlets, 40-steam pipe coils,
41-coil inlets, 42-steam (vapor) outlets, the outlet of 43-iron powders, 45-slag notches, 46-recuperators, 47-injection gas
Import, 48-2# cyclone dust collectors.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is described in detail.The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment,
Those skilled in the art make any change within the scope of the claims and also belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Rotary kiln is produced for calcium carbide
The present invention is using the process units of circulation of tail gas coal gasification as shown in Figure 1, including rotary kiln 5, gasifying furnace 1, raw material
Storehouse 16 and products transportation vehicle 10.Rotary kiln is equipped with offgas outlet 6, raw material nozzles 7, circulation CO entrance 8 and products export 9, gasification
Heating furnace is equipped with the outlet circulation CO 2 and nozzle 4.Raw material cabin is connect with raw material nozzles, and offgas outlet 6 divides for two-way, is connected all the way
To exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17, it is connected to the CO injection entrance 3 of injector 37 all the way, the injection gas of injector 37 exports injection
Into gasifying furnace 1, the outlet CO 2 is recycled by CO circulation line 11 and is connected to circulation CO entrance 8.It recycles and sends out with waste heat all the way
The import of electric unit 17 connects, and the outlet of exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 is connect with cyclone dust collectors import, on cyclone dust collectors
Portion outlet is connect with tail gas storage tank 18, and cyclone dust collectors lower part outlet is connect with raw material cabin 16, the outlet and change of tail gas storage tank 18
The connection of separator 19 is changed, the hydrogen outlet 21 of transformation separator 19 divides three tunnels, connects all the way with high pressure hydrogen process units 25
It connects, another way is connect with liquid hydrogen process units 26, and third road is connect with metal hydride process units 27.Change separator 19
CO2Outlet 22 passes through CO2Recovery pump 23 is connect with gasifying furnace 1.Lime-ash outlet and the lime-ash waste heat of gasifying furnace recycle
Device 32 connects, and waste-heat recovery device 32 sets lime-ash outlet 29.
As shown in Fig. 2, rotary kiln is equipped with kiln head cover 14, it is equipped with sealing room 12 between kiln head cover and kiln body, recycles CO entrance 8
It is located at kiln head cover 14 with products export 9, products export 9 is connected to products transportation vehicle 10, is used for product discharge.As shown in figure 3, spray
Mouth 4 is coaxial sleeve core structure, and it is oxygen and water vapour or dioxy around coal dust channel that the center of nozzle, which is coal dust channel 15,
Change carbon mixed gas passage 13.
Mouth is added through raw material in the method that the present invention produces calcium carbide using the process units of circulation of tail gas coal gasification, carbide raw material
28 enter raw material cabin 16, and the raw material that raw material cabin 16 exports enters rotary kiln 5 through raw material nozzles 7.Coal dust after drying is by CO2It carries
Gas and pure oxygen-water vapour or carbon dioxide mix gas are via the penetrating gasifying furnace 1 of nozzle 4, coal dust and pure oxygen-water vapour or two
Carbon oxide mixture carries out coal gasification reaction in gasifying furnace 1 and generates coal gas, and gasifying furnace 1 recycles the coal gas of the outlet CO 2
Temperature control is 2300 DEG C.Coal gas is heated through CO circulation line 11 and circulation CO entrance 8 into rotary kiln 5 by the outlet circulation CO 2
Carbide raw material is calcined, the material of rotary kiln 5 is heated to 1800 DEG C of generation calcium carbides and tail gas.The calcium carbide of liquid is arrived through products export 9
In calcium carbide pot on products transportation vehicle 10, liquid calcium carbide temperature is 1800 DEG C.Calcium carbide tail gas divides through offgas outlet 6 for two-way, and one
Road is connected to the high-temperature residual heat that exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 recycles tail gas, is connected to the CO injection entrance 3 of injector 37 all the way,
The injection gas outlet spraying cycle of injector 37 enters gasifying furnace 1.High-temperature tail gas is recycled through exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17
Enter cyclone dust collectors 24 after waste heat, the solid material for taking tail gas out of in cyclone dust collectors 24 separates, clean tail gas into
Enter tail gas storage tank 18, the isolated solid material of cyclone dust collectors 24 enters raw material cabin 16 from lower part outlet.Tail gas storage tank 18 goes out
Mouth tail gas enters transformation separator 19, and the conversion reaction that carbon monoxide and water occur in transformation separator 19 generates dioxy
To change carbon and hydrogen, generates carbon dioxide and hydrogen through separating in transformation separator, hydrogen comes out point three tunnels from hydrogen outlet 21,
Enter high pressure hydrogen process units 25 all the way and produce high pressure hydrogen, another way enters liquid hydrogen process units 26 and produces liquid hydrogen, third
Road enters metal hydride process units 27 and produces metal hydride.Change the isolated carbon dioxide of separator 19 through CO2Out
Mouth 22, passes through CO2Recovery pump 23 delivers into gasifying furnace 1, and the carbon dioxide into gasifying furnace 1 replaces partial oxidation
It is reacted with fuel coal dust and generates carbon monoxide, main component of the carbon monoxide of generation as gasifying furnace circulation CO.From gas
The high-temperature ash for changing heating furnace discharge enters lime-ash waste-heat recovery device 32, and the lime-ash after recovery waste heat exports 29 outlets from lime-ash
It recycles.
As shown in Fig. 2, the kiln head cover of rotary kiln is fixed when rotary kiln does rotary motion.The liquid electricity flowed out from rotary kiln
Stone first flows into kiln head cover and forms certain liquid level in its underpart, when calcium carbide liquid level reaches the products export of kiln head cover, liquid
State calcium carbide can nationality gravity flowed out in the calcium carbide pot of products transportation vehicle naturally.Rotary kiln can rotate, and fixed kiln hood
Cover keeps certain interval, guarantees not having the solid-state calcium carbide of condensation when rotary kiln stops production for cylinder of rotary kiln and fixed kiln head cover
It is bonded together, does not influence the driving operation of rotary kiln next time.The effect of sealing gland room is that rotary kiln end gas is avoided to spill into greatly
Cause poisoning or fire in compression ring border or atmospheric air is prevented to enter in rotary kiln.
As shown in figure 3, can be realized by the coal dust and oxygen-water vapour or carbon dioxide mix gas jets of carbon dioxide conveying
Coal dust and oxygen-water vapour or carbon dioxide mix gas spray into gasifying furnace from the individual passage of nozzle, and gas-solid material is logical
Road is coaxially distributed, and both can guarantee the safety of material conveying, and ensuring that can be dynamic by injection after material sprays into gasifying furnace
It can be sufficiently mixed, the gasification reaction occurred between coal dust and oxidant (oxygen-water vapour or carbon dioxide mix gas) is created
Necessary condition.Raw material powder is conveyed by carbon dioxide, through 7 side of raw material nozzles on the material inner wall for being sprayed onto rotary kiln high-temperature fusion,
It is bonded in raw material powder on high-temperature molten material, reduces raw material powder entrained by tail gas.
The calcium carbide tail gas main constituents for being recycled back to gasifying furnace are CO and H2, not according to rotary kiln design parameter
Together, the temperature of calcium carbide tail gas is also different.Rotary kiln exhaust gas outlet temperature is 1500 DEG C in the present embodiment, gasifying furnace outlet
The temperature of coal gas is 2300 DEG C；Calcium carbide designs yield with pure calcium carbide (CaC2) metering, converting into purity for 202.3 kg/h(is 80%
Industrial calcium carbide amount be 253 kg/h, below without explanation refer both to 80% industrial calcium carbide)；Anthracite specification are as follows: phosphorus content 83%,
Content of ashes is 10%；Carbide raw material anthracite 201kg/h, lime 219kg/h.Use 4657m31500 DEG C of part calcium carbide tails of/h
Gas is passed through gasifying furnace 1 and with gasification product quickly and after being sufficiently mixed as circulating air, the outlet of gasifying furnace coal gas
Temperature control is at 2300 DEG C.Percentage by volume in calcium carbide tail gas containing CO is 40%, CO2Percentage by volume is 2.2%, H2Body
Fraction is 50%, and the amount into 1500 DEG C of calcium carbide tail gas of the outlet of exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 is 882Nm3/h.Pass through control
The residence time (main to be realized by control rotary kiln revolving speed) of rotary kiln material processed makes solid material abundant in rotary kiln
Heating, the temperature of carbide liquid are 1750 DEG C ~ 2000 DEG C.There are enough heat transfer temperature differences (200 DEG C or so) to pass through kiln in rotary kiln
The gas phase release sensible heat of interior flowing provides chemical reaction heat for calcium carbide production.The fluid temperature (F.T.) for recycling CO entrance 8 is 2300 DEG C, tail
When the gas flow temperature of gas outlet 6 is 1500 DEG C, coal-fired consumption is 450kg/h, and gasifying furnace pure oxygen consumption is 135Nm3/
H, the consumption of water vapour are 248kg/h.The calcium carbide of production as much, if being recycled without calcium carbide tail gas, with CO2And pure oxygen mixture
For coal gasification oxidant, recycles CO and export 2300 DEG C of 2 temperature, calcium carbide tail gas outlet temperature is 1500 DEG C, Coal-fired capacity 1167kg/
H, it is seen that coal-fired dosage can be greatly reduced using calcium carbide tail gas circulation technology, the former is only the 38% of the latter.
Exhaust gas circulation process is not used, it is most energy because coal-fired in the technique why Coal-fired capacity, which is higher by much,
Amount is taken away by the calcium carbide tail gas of high temperature by sensible heat and its in the form of containing the combustion heat, not only causes the energy utilization of calcium carbide unit
Rate is very low, and the relative quantity that a large amount of coal-fired lime-ash generated finally enter carbide liquid greatly increases, to seriously affect calcium carbide
Purity and product quality, be unfavorable for calcium carbide product commercialization promote.
The main component of rotary kiln exhaust gas passes through residual-heat utilization technology into the tail gas of exhaust heat recovery power generation unit for CO
Cool down to calcium carbide tail gas, to be suitble to the requirement of subsequent processing cyclone dust removal and conversion reaction to temperature, while by-product power.
Conversion reaction is usually catalysis reaction of the temperature between 365 ~ 390 DEG C, carries out conversion reaction in transformation separator, generates
The ingredient of gaseous mixture is CO2And H2, pure hydrogen conduct is extracted from gaseous mixture using mature PSA Technology
It is supplied outside product, it is remaining with CO2Gas as main component is recycled back to gasifying furnace 1, to realize the zero-emission of carbon.
Calcium carbide tail gas circulation technology of the present invention using calcium carbide tail gas because being recycled with water-pure oxygen or carbon dioxide as gasifying agent
Technique, Coal-fired capacity and oxygen demand be greatly decreased, and greatly promotes the purity of coal gasification production calcium carbide.Mass balance shows
When the ash content in coal is not higher than 10%, even if the ash content in fuel and carbide raw material finally fully enters calcium carbide product, calcium carbide
Purity also can reach 80% industrial standard.In view of can substantially be removed 70% by gasifying furnace after-burning pit ash, electricity
Ash content in stone raw material can be carried by rotary kiln gas removes 20%, and the purity of calcium carbide is up to 85%.If into calcium carbide fusant
Suitable iron powder is added, by carbide liquid lime-ash element silicon and ferro element removed in the form of ferrosilicon, ferro-silicon process can remove electricity
The 50%, the 30% of the lime quantity of slag of stone feed coal institute dregginess, then the purity of calcium carbide can reach 90% or more.Present invention pure oxygen and
Water vapour or carbon dioxide make the oxidant of coal gasification, coal gas (CO+H2) purity is higher, the volume of CO in calcium carbide tail gas of the present invention
Score is 40%, H2Volume fraction be 50%, this is to the recycling of calcium carbide tail gas and using highly beneficial.
Pure oxygen can also be used to replace pure oxygen-water vapour or carbon dioxide mix gas as gasification in this calcium carbide tail gas circulation technology
Gasifying agent/oxidant of heating furnace, the CO content under this process conditions in gasifying furnace gasification gas and calcium carbide tail gas can be big
Width increases, and H2Content reduces.
Used in this calcium carbide tail gas circulation technology carbon dioxide replace part pure oxygen-water vapour or carbon dioxide mix gas as
Gasifying agent/oxidant of gasifying furnace, the CO content under this process conditions in gasifying furnace gasification gas and calcium carbide tail gas
It will increase, and H2Content reduces.
The transformed reaction of CO in this calcium carbide tail gas obtains H2And CO2, H2It is sent outside as energy gas, it can be with liquid hydrogen, height
It calms the anger hydrogen or metal hydride mode, CO2Injection gas as recycled offgas enters injector, finally enters gasifying furnace work
For gasifying agent/oxidant of gasifying furnace, to make whole system without CO2Outlet.
Embodiment 2
With smelting in rotary kiln iron
The produced coal gas of high temperature main component of gasifying furnace 1 shown in Fig. 4 is CO or CO+H2, there is stronger reproducibility, take
With a large amount of high temperature sensible heats, it can be used for the smelting of iron ore, capital equipment connects and the calcium carbide production class in embodiment 1 with equipment
Seemingly, the lime-ash outlet of gasifying furnace unlike is connect with lime-ash waste-heat recovery device 32, and the lime-ash after recovery waste heat enters
Pulverizer 34, smashed lime-ash enter magnetic separator 38, and iron powder is separated with lime-ash, and lime-ash is sharp from lime-ash outlet outlet recycling
With iron powder is added in the molten iron kettle in products transportation vehicle as product.
The feeding-in solid body of rotary kiln is iron ore and a small amount of anchracite duff, coal gas of high temperature heating and reduced iron in rotary kiln
Ore, anchracite duff are used only as adjusting carbon content (carbon containing 2 ~ 4.3%) of the pig iron in molten iron in this example.Gasifying furnace 1
The coal gas of high temperature of generation is rich in CO and H2, it is used as ferriferous oxide (Fe in iron ore in the present embodiment2O3、Fe3O4, FeO) also
The representative reactions of former agent, generation are as follows:
。
The gas-phase feed mode and embodiment 1 of rotary kiln are identical in the present embodiment.Solid material in rotary kiln is through high temperature
Reduction reaction occurs after heated by gas, rotary kiln is finally flowed out in the form of molten iron.Increase iron on products transportation vehicle 10 in Fig. 4
Kettle, the solid iron block obtained after cooling forming are the product of the present embodiment.Coal gas of high temperature autopneumatolysis heating furnace 1 is transported to
After rotary kiln 5, reducibility gas CO and H therein2Itself content is reduced due to the oxide of reduced iron, correspondingly in rotary kiln
Flow CO in gas phase2And H2O content increases.The tail gas a part flowed out from rotary kiln enters gasification heating by CO injection entrance 3
Furnace circulation, another part are connected to the high-temperature residual heat that exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 recycles tail gas, and high-temperature tail gas is recycled through waste heat
Enter cyclone dust collectors after 17 recovery waste heat of generator unit, the solid material for tail gas being taken out of in cyclone dust collectors separates, and does
Net tail gas enters tail gas storage tank 18, and the solid material of cyclone dust collectors separation enters raw material cabin 16 from lower part outlet.Tail gas storage
The outlet tail gas of tank 18 enters transformation separator 19, and the conversion reaction of carbon monoxide and water occurs in transformation separator 19
Carbon dioxide and hydrogen are generated, generates carbon dioxide and hydrogen through separating in transformation separator, hydrogen goes out from hydrogen outlet 21
Tri- tunnel Lai Fen enters high pressure hydrogen process units 25 all the way and produces high pressure hydrogen, and another way enters the production of liquid hydrogen process units 26
Liquid hydrogen, third road enter metal hydride process units 27 and produce metal hydride.Convert the isolated titanium dioxide of separator 19
Carbon is through CO2Outlet 22, passes through CO2Recovery pump 23 delivers into gasifying furnace 1, and the carbon dioxide into gasifying furnace 1 replaces
Oxygen is reacted with fuel coal dust generates carbon monoxide, main component of the carbon monoxide of generation as gasifying furnace circulation CO.
After the lime-ash of gasifying furnace enters 32 recovery waste heat of lime-ash waste-heat recovery device from lime-ash outlet, lime-ash enters pulverizer 33
It is crushed, smashed lime-ash enters magnetic separator 38, and recycled offgas is brought into iron powder and lime-ash point in gasifying furnace 1
From lime-ash is recycled from lime-ash outlet outlet, and iron powder is added in the molten iron kettle in products transportation vehicle as product.This reality
The other technical process for applying example are same as Example 1.
The present embodiment iron-smelting process parameter is described below: taking gas-based reduction iron rotary kiln exhaust gas outlet temperature is 800 DEG C, gas
The temperature for changing furnace outlet coal gas is 1700 DEG C (1450 ~ 1500 DEG C of iron fusing point)；The pig iron designs yield with phosphorus content as 2.2%
Metering is 202.3 kg/h.Rotary kiln iron ore additional amount is 280 kg/h；Anchracite duff phosphorus content is 83%, and content of ashes is
10%；4 kg/h of anchracite duff, 2 kg/h of lime as slag former for adjusting iron phosphorus content are mixed into iron ore.Use 3150m3/
800 DEG C of part ironmaking rotary kiln exhaust gas of h are passed through gasifying furnace as circulating air and are quickly sufficiently mixed with gasification product
Afterwards, the outlet temperature of gasifying furnace coal gas can be controlled in 1700 DEG C.Smelting iron the percentage by volume containing CO in tail gas is 45%, CO2
Percentage by volume is 28%, H2Volume fraction be 8%, H2The volume fraction of O is 17%；The amount of 800 DEG C of outlet ironmaking tail gas is
325 Nm3/ h. allows solid-state by the residence time (main by control rotary kiln revolving speed realize) of control ironmaking rotary kiln material
Ironmaking material is sufficiently heated reduction in rotary kiln, until there is liquid molten iron, the temperature of molten iron is controlled 1450 DEG C ~ 1500
Between DEG C.Have enough heat transfer temperature differences (200 DEG C or so) in ironmaking rotary kiln, the gas phase release sensible heat flowed in rotary kiln adds
Thermal response material, and chemical reaction heat is provided for ironmaking reaction.When circulating gas entrance 8 fluid temperature (F.T.) be 1700 DEG C, ironmaking
When the gas flow temperature of rotary kiln outlet 6 is 800 DEG C, coal-fired consumption is 180 kg/h, and gasifying furnace pure oxygen consumption is
56Nm3/ h, the consumption of water vapour are 78 kg/h.
The reducing agent that carbonaceous material can also be used to replace coal gas as iron ore in this ironmaking exhaust gas circulation process.
1 outlet temperature of gasifying furnace is improved to 1900 DEG C, adjusting and calcium oxide is added is suitable usage amount, can make iron
Silica in water is reduced into metallic silicon, and the silicone content in molten iron is made to meet molten iron relevant criterion.
Embodiment 3
Lime is produced with rotary kiln
As shown in figure 5, producing lime with the device, tail gas composition is conducive to use existing commercialized devices co-producing high-purity hydrogen
Gas and carbon dioxide product.Currently, the industrialized production of lime is usually burnt with coal dust in air, the high-temperature flue gas of generation is forged
Scoria lime stone is realized.It can be raw material with the lesser rubble of granularity with rotary kiln production lime, to increase lime production
Raw material availability, save the cost.But when kiln chamber inner combustion of the coal dust directly in rotary kiln, a large amount of lime-ash for generation of burning are fallen
Enter in the solid material of rotary kiln, influences the purity of lime product；On the other hand, it is fired when using air as oxidant combusting coal fines
Burn the CO of the higher degree generated in flue gas containing a large amount of nitrogen and decomposition of limestone2After mixing, CO in lime kiln exhaust gas2's
Content is generally not above 30%, and concentration is lower, CO2Recovery difficult it is big, at high cost, while NO can be generatedX。
Lime is produced using the present apparatus, rotary kiln can have not only been played and handle the advantage of low granularity material, but also combustion can be greatly reduced
Pollution of the coal ash to lime product, while its tail gas composition is conducive to the recycling of gas downstream.For gasification shown in fig. 5
Heating furnace 1 compares the technique for using pure oxygen as gasifying agent merely when using water and pure oxygen or carbon dioxide as gasifying agent, pure
The dosage of oxygen is less；The lime-ash generated after coal dust gasification about 70% can be deposited in the slag chute of gasifying furnace bottom and by
It is removed from gas phase, the pollution to lime product is greatly decreased.The composition for the coal gas of high temperature that gasifying furnace generates is with CO and H2
Based on, the CO of coal gas and decomposition of limestone generation in rotary kiln2Mixing, this is raw using commercialization gas treatment equipment to downstream
Production of high purity H2And CO2It does not influence, because the transformation of catalyst alternative catalysis CO and water vapour is anti-in conversion reaction
It answers, the CO which generates2The CO generated with decomposition of limestone2In gaseous mixture after coexisting in conversion reaction, transformed separation is single
CO after member processing2And H2Separation, all CO2It is eventually transferred into high-purity CO2In product, can be used as the gasifying agent of gasifying furnace/
Oxidant uses.
The technical process of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that recycled offgas enters 2# cyclone dust collectors
48, the clean tail gas after dedusting enters the CO injection entrance 3 of injector 37, and the flying dust of enrichment is under 2# cyclone dust collectors 48
Portion outlet returns to raw material cabin 16.
Technological parameter of the present apparatus for lime production is described below: fetching rotary kiln offgas outlet temperature is 400 DEG C, gasification
The temperature of furnace outlet coal gas is 1325 DEG C (882 ~ 921 DEG C of decomposition temperature of limestone)；Lime designs yield with CaO content
93% meter is 202.3 kg/h.Rotary kiln lime stone additional amount is 336 kg/h；Anthracite specification: phosphorus content 83%, ash content contains
Amount is 10%.Use 3150m3400 DEG C of part rotary kiln exhaust gas of/h are passed through gasifying furnace simultaneously as circulating air and gasification product is fast
Speed and after being sufficiently mixed, the outlet temperature of gasifying furnace coal gas can be controlled in 1325 DEG C.Containing CO's in lime rotary kiln tail gas
Percentage by volume is 51%, CO2Percentage by volume is 26%, H2Percentage by volume is 20%, H2The percentage by volume of O is 2.8%；Outside
The amount of 400 DEG C of rotary kiln exhaust gas of row is 300 Nm3/h.Residence time by controlling rotary kiln material (mainly passes through control
Rotary kiln revolving speed is realized) allow lime stone to be sufficiently heated in rotary kiln, until lime stone sufficiently decomposes.Have in rotary kiln enough
Heat transfer temperature difference (300 DEG C or so), flowing gas phase release sensible heat heat reaction mass, and for decomposition of limestone provide chemistry instead
Answer heat.When the fluid temperature (F.T.) of circulating gas entrance 8 is 1325 DEG C, when the gas flow temperature of rotary kiln outlet 6 is 400 DEG C, fire coal disappears
Consumption is 27kg/h, and gasifying furnace pure oxygen consumption is 7Nm3/ h, the consumption of water vapour are 4 kg/h.
The transformed reaction of CO in this lime tail gas obtains H2And CO2, H2It is sent outside as energy gas, it can be with liquid hydrogen, height
It calms the anger hydrogen or metal hydride mode, CO2Injection gas as recycled offgas enters injector, finally enters gasifying furnace work
For gasifying agent/oxidant of gasifying furnace, to make whole system without CO2Outlet.
Embodiment 4
It is pollution-free, without discharging fire coal power plant one
The present invention is using the process units of circulation of tail gas coal gasification as shown in fig. 6, including vertical gasifying furnace 30, nozzle 4, vapour
Packet 33, flying dust enricher 31, exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17, lime-ash waste-heat recovery device 32, injector 37 and transformation separation dress
Set 19.Vertical gasifying furnace sets steam pipe coil 40, coil inlets 41, steam (vapor) outlet 42, nozzle 4 and injector 37 and sprays
Entrance, coil inlets 41, steam (vapor) outlet 42 are connect with drum 33.Nozzle 4 is coal dust and oxidant inlet, converts separator
19 are equipped with circulation CO2Outlet, gas inlet, filler 20 and hydrogen outlet 39.Pulverized coal bin is connect with nozzle 4, oxygen hose and spray
The connection of mouth 4, gas exit are divided into two-way after entering flying dust enricher 31, are connected to exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 all the way, all the way
It is connected to circulation CO entrance 3 and is injected into vertical gasifying furnace through injector 37.The slag notch 45 of vertical gasifying furnace with
Lime-ash waste-heat recovery device 32 connects, and waste-heat recovery device 32 sets lime-ash outlet 29.
The present invention utilizes the process units and method of circulation of tail gas coal gasification, pollution-free, without discharging fire coal power plant, dry
Coal dust afterwards is with CO2Make carrier gas and sprays into vertical gasifying furnace 30, coal dust and pure oxygen-carbon dioxide mix gas vertical through nozzle 4
Formula gasifying furnace carries out coal gasification reaction and generates coal gas, and reaction heat is taken away by the water generation steam and enters drum 33, vertical gasification
The gas temperature control of the outlet CO of heating furnace 30 is 500 DEG C.Coal gas enters flying dust enricher 31 and is enriched with flying dust, and small part is clean
Coal gas enter 17 exhaust heat recovery power generation of exhaust heat recovery power generation unit via 31 upper outlet of flying dust enricher, it is most of with flying
The coal gas of ash enters circulation CO entrance 3 from the lower part outlet of flying dust enricher 31 and is injected into vertical gasification heating through injector 37
Furnace.The coal gas of exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 enters transformation separator 19 out, into coal gas and the penetrating of transformation separator 19
Conversion reaction: CO+H occurs for water2O = CO2+ H2, H after separation2Enter hydrogen cabinet through hydrogen outlet 39 to store.CO2As
The ejection gas of injector 37 returns to vertical gasifying furnace 30 by injector.Coal dust gasifies in vertical gasifying furnace to be generated
High-temperature ash enter lime-ash waste-heat recovery device 32 from slag notch 45, the lime-ash after recycling heat 29 is discharged back from lime-ash outlet
It receives and uses.
The main component of coal gas is CO, is cooled down into exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17, to be suitble to subsequent processing transformation
React the requirement to temperature, while by-product power.Conversion reaction is usually catalysis reaction of the temperature between 365 ~ 390 DEG C,
It is reacted in shift-converter, the ingredient of later gaseous mixture is with CO2And H2Based on.Using mature commercialization pressure-variable adsorption point
From technology from pure hydrogen is extracted in gaseous mixture as being supplied outside product, remaining about 300 DEG C with CO2For main component
Gas backstreaming injector 37 recycle into vertical gasifying furnace 30, to realize the zero-emission of carbon.
Coal dust uses pneumatic conveying, and carrier gas uses carbon dioxide, both can guarantee the safety of material conveying, ensures that object
Material can be sufficiently mixed after spraying into gasifying furnace by injection kinetic energy, be coal dust and oxidant (oxygen-carbon dioxide mix gas)
Between the gasification reaction that occurs create necessary condition.
Control gas outlet temperature is 500 DEG C in the present embodiment, and the ignition temperature of vertical gasifying furnace is 1700 DEG C.
Percentage by volume in coal gas containing CO is 85%, CO2Percentage by volume is 15%, and the high steam temperature of generation is 450 DEG C, vertical
There are enough heat transfer temperature differences (1000 DEG C or so) in formula gasifying furnace.
The transformed reaction of tail gas CO of this vertical gasifying furnace discharge obtains H2And CO2, H2It is sent outside as energy gas,
Can be in a manner of liquid hydrogen, high pressure gas hydrogen or metal hydride, CO2As gasifying agent/oxidant of gasifying furnace, to make whole
A system is without CO2Outlet.
The present embodiment is pollution-free, without discharging fire coal power plant, does not generate nitrogen using coal dust and the burning of pure oxygen or carbon dioxide
Oxide；Coal gas waste heat improves heat utilization ratio through waste heat recovery generating device recycling heat power generation；CO in tail gas2Entirely
Portion recycles not outlet, realizes the coal fired power generation of zero-emission.
Embodiment 5
It is pollution-free, without discharging fire coal power plant two
The present invention is using the process units of circulation of tail gas coal gasification as shown in fig. 7, comprises vertical gasifying furnace 30, septate heat transfer
Device 46, drum 33, flying dust enricher 31, exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 and transformation separator 19.Vertical gasifying furnace is set
There is 37 entrance of nozzle 4 and injector, nozzle 4 is coal dust and oxidant inlet, and transformation separator 19 is equipped with circulation CO2Out
Mouth, gas inlet, filler 20 and hydrogen outlet 39.Pulverized coal bin is connect with nozzle 4, and oxygen hose connect with nozzle 4, gas exit
It is divided into two-way after entering flying dust enricher 31 after recuperator 46, is connected to exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 all the way, all the way
It is connected to circulation CO entrance 3 and is injected into vertical gasifying furnace through injector 37.The slag notch 45 of vertical gasifying furnace with
Lime-ash waste-heat recovery device 32 connects, and waste-heat recovery device 32 sets lime-ash outlet 29.Recuperator 46 sets steam pipe coil 40, disk
Water inlet tube mouth 41, steam (vapor) outlet 42, coil inlets 41, steam (vapor) outlet 42 are connect with drum 33.
The present invention utilizes the process units and method of circulation of tail gas coal gasification, pollution-free, without discharging fire coal power plant, dry
Coal dust afterwards is with CO2Make carrier gas and sprays into vertical gasifying furnace 30, coal dust and pure oxygen-carbon dioxide mix gas vertical through nozzle 4
Formula gasifying furnace carries out coal gasification reaction and generates coal gas, and coal gas carrying reaction heat enters recuperator 46 and is taken away by the water generation
Steam enters drum 33, and the gas outlet temperature control of vertical gasifying furnace 30 is 1500 DEG C, between 1500 DEG C of coal gas enters
After wall heat exchanger 46 cools to 450 DEG C, it is enriched with flying dust into flying dust enricher 31, the clean coal gas of small part is enriched with via flying dust
31 upper outlet of device enters 17 exhaust heat recovery power generation of exhaust heat recovery power generation unit, and most of coal gas with flying dust is enriched with from flying dust
The lower part outlet of device 31 returns to vertical gasifying furnace.The coal gas of exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17 enters transformation separator 19 out,
Conversion reaction: CO+H occurs for the water of coal gas and penetrating into transformation separator 192O = CO2+ H2, H after separation2Through
Hydrogen outlet 39 enters hydrogen cabinet and stores.CO2Return to vertical gasifying furnace 30.Coal dust gasifies in vertical gasifying furnace to be generated
High-temperature ash enter lime-ash waste-heat recovery device 32 from slag notch 45, the lime-ash after recycling heat 29 is discharged back from lime-ash outlet
It receives and uses.
The main component of coal gas is CO, is cooled down into exhaust heat recovery power generation unit 17, to be suitble to subsequent processing transformation
React the requirement to temperature, while by-product power.Conversion reaction is usually catalysis reaction of the temperature between 365 ~ 390 DEG C,
It is reacted in shift-converter, the ingredient of later gaseous mixture is with CO2And H2Based on.Using mature commercialization pressure-variable adsorption point
From technology from pure hydrogen is extracted in gaseous mixture as being supplied outside product, remaining about 300 DEG C with CO2For main component
Gas backstreaming injector 37 recycle into vertical gasifying furnace 30, to realize the zero-emission of carbon.
Coal dust uses pneumatic conveying, the use of carbon dioxide is carrier gas, both can guarantee the safety of material conveying, ensure that
Material can be sufficiently mixed after spraying into gasifying furnace by injection kinetic energy, be coal dust and oxidant (oxygen-carbon dioxide mix
Gas) between the gasification reaction that occurs create necessary condition.
Control gas outlet temperature is 450 DEG C in the present embodiment, and the ignition temperature of vertical gasifying furnace is 1500 DEG C.
Percentage by volume in coal gas containing CO is 80%, CO2Percentage by volume is 20%, and the high steam temperature of generation is 400 DEG C, vertical
There are enough heat transfer temperature differences (1000 DEG C or so) in formula gasifying furnace.
The transformed reaction of tail gas CO of this vertical gasifying furnace discharge obtains H2And CO2, H2It is sent outside as energy gas,
Can be in a manner of liquid hydrogen, high pressure gas hydrogen or metal hydride, CO2As gasifying agent/oxidant of gasifying furnace, to make whole
A system is without CO2Outlet.
The present embodiment is pollution-free, without discharging fire coal power plant, does not generate nitrogen using coal dust and the burning of pure oxygen or carbon dioxide
Oxide；Coal gas waste heat improves heat utilization ratio through waste heat recovery generating device recycling heat power generation；CO in tail gas2Entirely
Portion recycles not outlet, realizes the coal fired power generation of zero-emission.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of process units using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, including rotary kiln (5), raw material cabin (16) and products transportation vehicle
(10), the rotary kiln is equipped with offgas outlet (6), raw material nozzles (7), circulation CO entrance (8) and products export (9), the original
Feed bin is connect with raw material nozzles, and raw material cabin is equipped with raw material and mouth (28) are added, it is characterized in that: described device is equipped with gasifying furnace
(1), exhaust heat recovery power generation unit (17), tail gas storage tank (18), transformation separator (19), cyclone dust collectors (24), High Pressure Hydrogen
Gas process units (25), liquid hydrogen process units (26) and metal hydride process units (27)；The gasifying furnace is equipped with and follows
Ring CO exports (2), injector (37) and nozzle (4), and the injector (37) is equipped with injection gas import (47), CO injection entrance
(3) and jet port, the jet port are connected to gasifying furnace (1)；The offgas outlet (6) is divided into two-way, is connected to all the way
CO injection entrance (3), a-road-through excess enthalpy recuperation of heat generator unit (17) are connected to the entrance of cyclone dust collectors (24)；The whirlwind
The upper gas outlet of deduster (24) is connected to transformation separator (19), the cyclone dust collectors by tail gas storage tank (18)
(24) lower part discharge port is connected to raw material cabin (16)；The transformation separator (19) is equipped with filler (20), hydrogen outlet
(21) and CO2It exports (22), the hydrogen outlet (21) is connected respectively to high pressure hydrogen process units (25), liquid hydrogen process units
(26) and metal hydride process units (27), the CO2Outlet (22) passes through CO2Recovery pump (23) is connected to injection gas import
(47).
2. the process units according to claim 1 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: described device is equipped with 2#
Cyclone dust collectors (48), the offgas outlet (6) of the rotary kiln (5) are connected to 2# cyclone dust collectors (48) entrance, institute all the way
The gas vent for stating 2# cyclone dust collectors (48) is connected to CO injection entrance (3), the lower part discharge port of 2# cyclone dust collectors (48)
It is connected to raw material cabin (16).
3. the process units according to claim 1 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: described device is equipped with ash
Slag waste-heat recovery device (32), pulverizer (34) and magnetic separator (38), gasifying furnace (1) lower part are exported equipped with slag, institute
It states slag outlet to be connected to magnetic separator (38) by lime-ash waste-heat recovery device (32) and pulverizer (34), the magnetic separator (38) sets
There are iron powder outlet (43) and lime-ash outlet (29), the iron powder outlet (43) is connected to products transportation vehicle (10), and the lime-ash goes out
Mouth (29) is connected to deslagging pond.
4. the process units according to claim 1 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: the rotary kiln is equipped with
Kiln head cover (14) is equipped with sealing room (12) between the kiln head cover and kiln body, kiln head cover is equipped with circulation CO entrance (8) and product goes out
Mouth (9), the sealing include edge of a knife dynamic sealing, and being connected to all the way for carbon dioxide recovery pump (23) outlet seals room (12)；Institute
Stating nozzle (4) is coaxial sleeve core structure, and it is oxygen channel around coal dust channel that the center of nozzle, which is coal dust channel (15),
(13), oxygen channel can pass through water vapour or carbon dioxide；The sealing room (12) can be heavy or multi-sealed with one, can be
It is close that carbon dioxide, nitrogen, vapor, inert gas or their mixture progress gas curtain can be used in static seal or dynamic sealing
Envelope guarantees that the gas in rotary kiln does not enter atmosphere, and atmosphere does not enter in rotary kiln.
5. the process units according to claim 1 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: the gasifying furnace
It (1) is horizontal gasifying furnace or vertical gasifying furnace (30).
6. the process units according to claim 5 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: the vertical gasification adds
Hot stove (30) is equipped with the circulation outlet CO (2), injector (37), nozzle (4) and slag notch (45), and the injector (37), which is equipped with, draws
It emanates import (47), CO injection entrance (3) and jet port, the jet port is connected to vertical gasifying furnace (30)；It is described vertical
Steam pipe coil (40) are equipped in formula gasifying furnace, the steam pipe coil is equipped with coil inlets (41) and steam (vapor) outlet (42)；
Described device is equipped with drum (33), flying dust enricher (31), exhaust heat recovery power generation unit (17) and transformation separator (19)；Institute
The coil inlets (41) and steam (vapor) outlet (42) for stating steam pipe coil (40) are connect with drum (33)；The vertical gasifying furnace
(30) the outlet circulation CO (2) is divided into two-way by flying dust enricher (31), and the CO injection for being connected to injector (37) all the way enters
Mouth (3), a-road-through excess enthalpy recuperation of heat generator unit (17) are connected to transformation separator (19)；The transformation separator is equipped with
Filler (20), hydrogen outlet (39) and CO2Loop exit, the water inlet are connect with pond, and the hydrogen outlet is connected to
Hydrogen-holder, the CO2Loop exit is connected to the injection gas import (47) of vertical gasifying furnace (30)；The slag notch
(45) grey slag bath is connected to by lime-ash waste-heat recovery device (32).
7. the process units according to claim 5 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: the vertical gasification adds
Hot stove (30) is equipped with the circulation outlet CO (2), injector (37), nozzle (4) and slag notch (45), and the injector (37), which is equipped with, draws
It emanates import (47), CO injection entrance (3) and jet port, the jet port is connected to vertical gasifying furnace (30)；The dress
Drum (33), recuperator (46), flying dust enricher (31), exhaust heat recovery power generation unit (17) and transformation separation dress are installed
Set (19)；Steam pipe coil (40) are equipped in the recuperator (46), the steam pipe coil be equipped with coil inlets (41) and
Steam (vapor) outlet (42), the coil inlets (41) and steam (vapor) outlet (42) are connect with drum (33)；The vertical gasification heating
The outlet circulation CO (2) of furnace (30) is connected to flying dust enricher (31) by recuperator (46), the flying dust enricher
(31) it is divided into two-way, is connected to the CO injection entrance (3) of injector (37), a-road-through excess enthalpy recuperation of heat generator unit (17) all the way
It is connected to transformation separator (19)；The transformation separator is equipped with filler (20), hydrogen outlet (39) and CO2It recycles
Mouthful, the water inlet is connect with pond, and the hydrogen outlet is connected to hydrogen-holder, the CO2Loop exit is connected to vertical
The injection gas import (47) of gasifying furnace (30)；The slag notch (45) is connected to ash by lime-ash waste-heat recovery device (32)
Slag bath.
8. a kind of production method described in claim 1 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification process units, raw material is through raw material nozzles
(7) enter rotary kiln (5), add it is characterized in that: coal dust, pure oxygen, water and the carbon dioxide after dry spray into gasification via nozzle (4)
Hot stove (1), coal dust, pure oxygen, water and carbon dioxide carry out combustion reaction in gasifying furnace and generate coal gas；Coal gas is gone out by recycling CO
Mouth (2) enters rotary kiln (5) heating and calcining raw material through CO circulation line (11) and circulation CO entrance (8), generates product and tail gas；
Product arrives products transportation vehicle (10) through products export (9), and tail gas is divided into two parts through offgas outlet (6), and a part to tail gas is stored up
Tank storage, a part enter gasifying furnace (1) through CO injection entrance (3) as recyclegas.
9. the production method according to claim 8 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: the recyclegas
Amount requires determination according to gasification process, and recyclegas can be used or can not be used；It can be made in tail gas using the method
Carbon dioxide completely or partially recycle, instead of partial oxidation, realize that carbon dioxide zero discharge, the purified hydrogen of by-product are made
Outside for energy discharge system, water vapour also can replace partial oxidation, the oxidant as coal dust；The coal dust can be by other
Carbonaceous material is substituted, and carries out injection in the device, and the method for carrying out gas circulation while gasification can make carbonaceous material
Consumption significantly reduce, while can use the carbon dioxide in tail gas and vapor and reduce the usage amount of oxygen, realize
The zero-emission of carbon dioxide, reduces costs simultaneously, realizes environmentally protective production method, at the same go back by-product green can be again
Raw energy hydrogen.
10. the production method according to claim 8 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: after the drying
Coal dust is by CO2Make carrier gas and enters gasifying furnace (1) through nozzle (4).
11. the production method according to claim 8 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: the gasification is heated
The temperature of the coal gas of the outlet circulation CO (2) of furnace (1) is 800 DEG C ~ 3000 DEG C；The temperature of the offgas outlet (6) be 100 DEG C ~
2000℃。
12. the production method according to claim 8 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: the water vapour or
Carbon dioxide can be added according to the technological requirements or not added, and the amount of water vapour or carbon dioxide addition can be according to the technological requirements
It is controlled in proportion.
13. the process units according to claim 1 using circulation of tail gas coal gasification, it is characterized in that: the rotary kiln (5)
It can be applied to any metal smelt, high-temperature calcination, Boiler Steam power generation and other techniques, rotary kiln (5) can be by various vertical
Formula heating furnace kiln is replaced, this vertical heater kiln include but is not limited to be metal smelt, or can with high-temperature calcination, or
It can generate electricity；The coal dust can be substituted by other carbonaceous materials, carrier of coal powder can be carbon dioxide, water vapour, water,
Nitrogen, helium, argon gas, other inert gases or their mixture；The injector (37) by others as long as can be reached
Power device to injection purpose is substituted；The injector (37) and nozzle (4) are as close as possible in order to coal dust and oxidant
It is sufficiently mixed contact, increases the reaction efficiency of coal dust；The raw material and the raw material recycled from tail gas are conveyed by carrier gas, through raw material
Nozzle (7) is sprayed onto rotary kiln or various vertical heater kilns, this process can make tail gas lack carrying raw material powder using any
The method and apparatus of rotary kiln or various vertical heater kilns out, to reduce raw material powder entrained by tail gas；Including but not limited to
It is conveyed, rotary kiln laterally is sprayed onto through raw material nozzles (7) or various vertical added by carbon dioxide and other stabilizing gas using raw material
It on the material inner wall of hot stove kiln high-temperature fusion, is bonded in raw material powder on high-temperature molten material, reduces raw material entrained by tail gas
The method of powder.
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| CN113234484A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-10 | 上海柯来浦能源科技有限公司 | Coal gasification production system |
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