CN104528723A - Method for preparing calcium carbide - Google Patents
Method for preparing calcium carbide Download PDFInfo
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- CN104528723A CN104528723A CN201410844445.8A CN201410844445A CN104528723A CN 104528723 A CN104528723 A CN 104528723A CN 201410844445 A CN201410844445 A CN 201410844445A CN 104528723 A CN104528723 A CN 104528723A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing calcium carbide. The method comprises the steps that raw coal is subjected to drying processing, and dry raw coal is obtained conveniently; the dry raw coal and lime are subjected to smashing respectively, so that raw coal powder and lime powder are obtained conveniently; excess raw coal powder and the lime powder are mixed, so that mixed materials are obtained conveniently; the mixed materials are subjected to ball pressing, so that palletizing materials are obtained conveniently; the palletizing materials are subjected to pyrolysis treatment, so that artificial petroleum, artificial natural gas and pyrolysis solid products are obtained conveniently, wherein the pyrolysis solid products have semicoke and lime; the pyrolysis solid products are conveyed into a burning bin for burning processing in a hot mode, so that pyrolysis solid is obtained conveniently; and the pyrolysis solid is conveyed into a sealed electric furnace for smelting processing, and the calcium carbide is obtained conveniently. According to the method, smelting energy loss and production cost can be lowered obviously, and meanwhile calcium carbide production efficiency can be further improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical field, specifically, the present invention relates to the method preparing calcium carbide.
Background technology
Calcium carbide and carbide of calcium (CaC
2), react with water and generate acetylene, be that raw material can generate several thousand kinds of Organic chemical products with acetylene, before the middle of last century, be described as the mother of organic synthesis.At present mainly for the production of series product such as chlorovinyl, vinyl acetate between to for plastic base and acrylics, the PVC (polyvinyl chloride) of China more than 70% produces and comes from carbide acetylene.The Economic development of calcium carbide to China has a very important role, and output in the recent decade constantly increases, and 2013 annual production reach more than 2,200 ten thousand tons.
Calcium carbide production technology backwardness relatively, mainly contains electric heating process and the hot method of oxygen two kinds of production technique at present.Electric heating process adopts the method for fixed bed (moving-bed)-block stock-electric-arc heating, because block stock contact area is little, seriously limit raw material heat transfer process, industrial reaction need at high temperature be carried out (2000 ~ 2300 DEG C), the power consumption of calcium carbide per ton (purity 80%), up to 3250kwh, is genuine " highly energy-consuming " industry.The hot method of oxygen is by adding excessive fuel (coal, heavy oil or Sweet natural gas etc.), utilize excessive fuel combustion release of heat, with the heat supply of Some substitute electric arc, reduce the electric quantity consumption in calcium carbide production process, but the hot method of oxygen adopts block stock, more than 2000 DEG C, still there is high energy consumption problem in calcium carbide production temperature.So far, the hot legal system of oxygen is for calcium carbide technique and unrealized industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to one of solve the problems of the technologies described above at least to a certain extent.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method preparing calcium carbide, utilizes the method can improve heat utilization ratio and production efficiency, reduces production cost, reduces energy consumption and pollution.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method preparing calcium carbide, the method comprises: raw coal is carried out drying treatment, to obtain dry raw coal; Described dry raw coal and lime are carried out pulverization process respectively, to obtain raw coal powder and lime powder; Excessive described raw coal powder and described lime powder are carried out combination treatment, to obtain mixture; Described mixture is carried out pressure ball process, to obtain pelletizing material; Described pelletizing material is carried out pyrolysis processing, to obtain artificial petroleum, artificial natural gas and pyrolysis solid product, wherein, described pyrolysis solid product contains semicoke and lime; Described pyrolysis solid product heat is delivered in combustion bin and carries out burn processing, to obtain hot solid; And described hot solid thermal delivered in closed electric furnace carry out metallurgy, to obtain described calcium carbide.
Hot for oxygen method and closed electric furnace method combine by the method preparing calcium carbide of the above embodiment of the present invention, by mixing with lime powder with excessive raw coal powder in advance, carry out pyrolysis and burning, obtain high temperature and the pelletizing material containing semicoke and lime of close contact, thus this pelletizing material is carried out metallurgy in electric furnace, significantly can reduce smelting temperature thus, save tap to tap time, and then save energy consumption.
In addition, the method preparing calcium carbide according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, the mean particle size of described raw coal powder and lime powder is and is not more than 20 microns, and preferably, the mean particle size of described raw coal powder and lime powder is all less than 10 microns.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mean diameter of described pelletizing material is 10 ~ 40 millimeters.Thus obtained pelletizing can directly enter rotating bed pyrolysis oven.
In some embodiments of the invention, described raw coal powder and described lime powder are that 1.2:1.04 carries out described combination treatment according to mass ratio, and the quality of described raw coal powder is for preparing 1.2 ~ 1.3 times of theoretical amount needed for calcium carbide.
In some embodiments of the invention, described pyrolysis processing carries out 40 ~ 120 minutes under the pressure of 450 ~ 800 degrees Celsius and 10 ~ 1000Pa.Can deeply propose volatile matter in raw coal thus, reduce the energy consumption of metallurgy.。
In some embodiments of the invention, described pyrolysis processing carries out 1 hour under 800 degrees Celsius.Can deeply propose volatile matter in raw coal thus, reduce the energy consumption of metallurgy.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of described pyrolysis solid product for being not less than 450 degrees Celsius, preferably 650 ~ 800 degrees Celsius.The sensible heat of pyrolysis solid product can be utilized thus, reduce and smelt energy consumption.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of described hot solid product is 900 ~ 1000 degrees Celsius.The sensible heat of hot solid product can be utilized thus, reduce and smelt energy consumption.
In some embodiments of the invention, described metallurgy carries out 5 ~ 30 minutes under 1400 ~ 2000 degrees Celsius.Efficiency can be improved further thus.
In some embodiments of the invention, described metallurgy carries out 10 ~ 15 minutes at 1600 ~ 1750 degrees Celsius.Efficiency can be improved further thus.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet preparing the method for calcium carbide according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method preparing calcium carbide, the method comprises: raw coal is carried out drying treatment, to obtain dry raw coal; Dry raw coal and lime are carried out pulverization process respectively, to obtain raw coal powder and lime powder; Excessive raw coal powder and lime powder are carried out combination treatment, to obtain mixture; Mixture is carried out pressure ball process, to obtain pelletizing material; Pelletizing material is carried out pyrolysis processing, to obtain artificial petroleum, artificial natural gas and pyrolysis solid product, wherein, pyrolysis solid product contains semicoke and lime; Pyrolysis solid product heat is delivered in combustion bin and carries out burn processing, to obtain hot solid; And hot solid thermal delivered in closed electric furnace carry out metallurgy, to obtain calcium carbide.
Hot for oxygen method and closed electric furnace method combine by the method preparing calcium carbide of the above embodiment of the present invention, by mixing with lime powder with excessive raw coal powder in advance, carry out pyrolysis and burning, obtain high temperature and close contact the pelletizing material containing semicoke and lime, thus this pelletizing material heat is delivered in electric furnace and carry out metallurgy, significantly can reduce smelting temperature thus, save tap to tap time, and then save energy consumption.
S100: drying treatment
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, first raw coal carries out drying, to obtain through super-dry raw coal.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the type of raw coal is also not particularly limited, such as, can be cheap low-rank coal, can reduce costs thus.And adopt low-rank coal can also expand as the raw material preparing calcium carbide and existingly prepare the range of choice of calcium carbide method to raw coal, avoid being only the restriction that calcium carbide prepared by raw material with semicoke.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, lime can be obtained through calcination process by Wingdale.
Raw coal after drying process, its water content is lower than 3wt%, and avoid because raw coal China and foreign countries water is higher, water and lime reaction generate calcium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide through heating, decomposes and produces calcium oxide, cause the efflorescence of type ball in pyrolytic process.Therefore according to a particular embodiment of the invention, drying is carried out to raw coal, make water content through super-dry raw coal lower than 3wt%, significant to follow-up pyrogenic processes.
S200: pulverization process
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, pulverization process will be carried out respectively through super-dry raw coal and lime, to obtain raw coal powder and lime powder.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, gained raw coal powder and lime powder size and be not particularly limited.Contriver finds, raw coal and lime is carried out be ground into the less powder of granularity and can effectively reduce calcium carbide smelting temperature.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, raw coal and lime can be crushed to median size is be not more than raw coal powder and the lime powder of 20 microns, is preferably crushed to mean particle size for being less than 10 microns.Thus, raw coal and lime are mixed with the form of ultrafine powder, raw coal can fully be contacted with lime, add the two contact area, reduce the temperature of reaction of metallurgy thus further, Reaction time shorten, reduce energy consumption of reaction and production cost.
S300: combination treatment
Further, excessive raw coal powder and lime powder are carried out combination treatment, thus can mixture be obtained.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, owing to there is excessive raw coal, therefore a part of raw coal wherein and calcium oxide react and generate calcium carbide, and remaining raw coal provides a heat in combustion bin combustion and then for smelting calcium carbide, and then save energy consumption for closed electric furnace.
According to concrete example of the present invention, the mixing match of raw coal powder and lime powder is also not particularly limited, and the actual theoretical amount that excessive raw coal powder can be prepared needed for chemical reaction that calcium carbide occurs with raw coal powder and lime powder calculates.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, raw coal powder and lime powder can be that 1.2:1.04 carries out combination treatment according to mass ratio.According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the content at coal dust end, mixture Central Plains can for preparing 1.2 ~ 1.3 times of theoretical amount needed for calcium carbide.Raw coal powder and lime powder not only can be made thus fully to react, simultaneously excessive semicoke, in combustion bin, ingress of air burning, releases large calorimetric, obtains hot solid material, significantly can reduce calcium carbide and smelt energy consumption.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the excessive raw coal added can burn in follow-up burn processing, improves the temperature of pelletizing material thus, and then is metallurgy saving energy consumption.And burn processing does not need to consume energy consumption, only need the pyrolysis solid product obtained after pyrolysis to contact with air in combustion bin, combustion reactions can occur.
S400: pressure ball process
Above gained mixture is carried out the process of mixing pressure ball, thus spherical material can be obtained.According to embodiments of the invention, the granularity of the spherical material of gained is also not particularly limited.Contriver finds, if spherical material particular diameter is excessive, is then unfavorable for that heat transfer is carried out, calcination time can be made significantly to increase, and cost increases; If particle diameter is too small, then easily make material block voidage significantly reduce in calcination process, be unfavorable for heat transfer equally, and there is material hidden danger of collapsing.Therefore, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the mean diameter of pelletizing material is 10 ~ 40 millimeters, and pelletizing material can directly send into rotating bed pyrolysis oven thus.Meanwhile, carry out pressure ball process by raw coal powder and lime powder, significantly can increase the follow-up contact area through pyrolysis processing gained lime and semicoke.Thus, the calcium carbide raw materials for metallurgy that aforesaid method can be utilized to prepare prepares calcium carbide can significantly improve reaction efficiency, reduces smelting temperature and the tap to tap time of calcium carbide, thus reduces calcium carbide production energy consumption and cost.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the particle diameter of raw coal and lime is reduced to less than 20 μm (more than 625 orders) pressure ball moldings afterwards, powder raw material contact area is wide, root solves in original calcium carbide technique heat transfer difficult between block and block raw material, very big reduction calcium carbide production temperature, reduces energy consumption and production costs.
S500: pyrolysis processing
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, spherical material obtained above is carried out pyrolysis processing, to obtain artificial petroleum, artificial natural gas and pyrolysis solid product, wherein, pyrolysis solid product contains unslaked lime and semicoke.Raw coal can be made to be converted into by pyrolysis processing thus and can prepare the raw material semicoke etc. of calcium carbide by preparation, what pyrolysis processing can also make raw coal powder contact with lime powder simultaneously is tightr, ensure that pyrolysis rear profile ball physical strength strengthens further thus, and then ensure the normal production of calcium carbide smelting procedure.In addition, in pyrolytic process, create artificial petroleum and the artificial natural gas of high added value, and then improve the economy that the present invention prepares calcium carbide method.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the actual conditions of pyrolysis processing is also not particularly limited, and according to concrete example of the present invention, can carry out 40 ~ 120 minutes under the pressure of 450 ~ 800 degrees Celsius and 10 ~ 1000Pa.Can make thus raw coal powder and lime powder fully pyrolysis obtain can be used for preparing the semicoke of calcium carbide and the pyrolysis solid product of lime, and then improve the productive rate of calcium carbide and quality.
According to concrete example of the present invention, pyrolysis processing can also carry out 1 hour under 800 degrees Celsius.Thus can under the prerequisite of abundant pyrolyzed mixture material energy efficient as much as possible, to improve pyrolysis efficiency further and to reduce production cost and energy consumption.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the pyrolysis solid product obtained through pyrolysis processing for being not less than 450 degrees Celsius, preferably 650 ~ 800 degrees Celsius.Can be that follow-up metallurgy saves energy consumption thus.And anhydrous in pyrolysis solid product, energy expenditure and impact that in traditional calcium carbide production process, in carbon raw, water brings can be reduced.
S600: burn processing
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, pyrolysis solid product heat is delivered in combustion bin and carries out burn processing, to obtain hot solid.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the bottom of combustion bin is provided with inlet mouth, top is provided with venting port, two heat storages are provided with at inlet mouth place, first single heat storage absorbs furnace of calcium carbide high-temperature tail gas heat, rear commutation is to another heat storage, a small amount of air is first via after the high-temperature thermal storage body heating of accumulation of heat, through reversing valve, high temperature calcium carbide tail gas guide is being entered, high temperature air through heating sends into combustion bin via inlet mouth, in combustion bin, the solid product excessive raw coal in surface and air catalytic combustion, make the temperature of pelletizing material reach about 900 ~ 1000 DEG C.The temperature of pelletizing material can be significantly improved thus through burn processing, and then be that follow-up metallurgy saves energy consumption.
S700: metallurgy
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the present invention only needs to adopt traditional closed electric furnace to carry out smelting.According to concrete example of the present invention, be that the hot solid product heat of 900 ~ 1000 degrees Celsius is delivered in closed electric furnace and carried out metallurgy by said temperature, and obtain calcium carbide.Thus, the method preparing calcium carbide of the above embodiment of the present invention effectively utilizes the sensible heat of hot solid product significantly can reduce the energy consumption of metallurgy.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, first, in advance by superfine powdery that raw coal becomes granularity less with lime pulverizing, increase the contact area between raw coal powder and lime powder, and it is tightr that pyrolysis processing can make raw coal powder contact with lime powder, ensure that pyrolysis rear profile ball physical strength strengthens further thus, and then ensure the normal production of calcium carbide smelting procedure.Secondly, solid product heat pyrolysis obtained delivers to combustion bin, and raw coal dust-firing excessive in combustion bin releases heat, improves the temperature of pelletizing material, and then reduces smelting energy consumption.Therefore, the metallurgy in the method for calcium carbide of preparing of the above embodiment of the present invention only needs to carry out 5 ~ 30 minutes under 1400 ~ 2000 degrees Celsius.The necessary temperature 2000 ~ 2300 degrees Celsius that the method prepares calcium carbide relative to tradition smelting thus significantly reduces energy consumption.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the condition of preferred metallurgy can be 1600 ~ 1750 degrees Celsius and carry out 10 ~ 15 minutes, more preferably smelts 10 minutes under 1750 degrees Celsius.In this step, semicoke and calcium oxide react the calcium carbide and carbon monoxide that generate molten state, and wherein, the calcium carbide of molten state is discharged in liquid form by closed electric furnace furnace bottom, pulverize and obtain calcium carbide product after cooling; And the carbon monoxide produced can use as the reducing gas in metallurgy industry.
Hot for oxygen method and closed electric furnace method combine by the method preparing calcium carbide of the above embodiment of the present invention, by mixing with lime powder with excessive raw coal powder in advance, carry out pyrolysis and burning, obtain temperatures as high more than 900 degrees Celsius and the pelletizing material containing semicoke and lime of close contact, thus this pelletizing material heat is delivered in electric furnace and carry out metallurgy, significantly can reduce smelting temperature thus, save tap to tap time, and then save energy consumption.
Embodiment
Raw material:
Take unslaked lime as calcium based raw material, wherein CaO content is greater than 92%;
Take long-flame coal as carbon back raw material, the major traits of this long-flame coal is in table 1.
Table 1
| Project | Unit | Numerical value | Remarks |
| Quan Shui | ％ | 13 | As received basis |
| Fixed carbon | ％ | 58 | Butt |
| Volatile matter | ％ | 36 | Butt |
| Ash content | ％ | 6 | Butt |
Preparation method:
First, adopt chain-and-slat drying machine to carry out drying to raw coal, drying source is 120 ~ 180 DEG C of heat smoke, long-flame coal moisture < 0.8% after dry.
After dry, long-flame coal adopts mechanical abrasive dust broken, and the median size after pulverizing is less than 10 microns.
By the long-flame coal powder after pulverizing and lime powder, mix in intensive mixer according to mass ratio 1.2:1.04, by mixed mixture roller press briquetting, type spherolite degree is 30 × 23 × 18mm.
Sent in pyrolysis installation by type ball after shaping, pyrolysis temperature is 800 DEG C, pyrolysis time 1 hour, pyrolysis product and productive rate as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Product | Productive rate (%) |
| Solid product | 84.61 |
| Tar | 4.37 |
| Coal gas | 7.49 |
| Pyrolysis water | 3.53 |
In the solid product obtained after pyrolysis, unslaked lime content is 54.87%, and blue carbon content is 45.13%, and wherein in unslaked lime, CaO content is 92%, and in blue charcoal, fixed carbon content is 81.38%.
Pyrolysis solids exit temperature is 750 DEG C, directly sends in furnace of calcium carbide by the solid product of heat, under 1750 degrees Celsius, smelts discharging after 10 minutes, pulverizes after product cooling.Product calcium carbide gas forming amount is 282L/kg, and carbide of calcium content is 75.76%.
Utilize above-mentioned explained hereafter calcium carbide, ton calcium carbide is produced power consumption and is reduced by 23%.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term need not for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.
Claims (10)
1. prepare a method for calcium carbide, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Raw coal is carried out drying treatment, to obtain dry raw coal;
Described dry raw coal and lime are carried out pulverization process respectively, to obtain raw coal powder and lime powder;
Excessive described raw coal powder and described lime powder are carried out combination treatment, to obtain mixture;
Described mixture is carried out pressure ball process, to obtain pelletizing material;
Described pelletizing material is carried out pyrolysis processing, to obtain artificial petroleum, artificial natural gas and pyrolysis solid product, wherein, described pyrolysis solid product contains semicoke and lime;
Described pyrolysis solid product heat is delivered in combustion bin and carries out burn processing, to obtain hot solid; And
Described hot solid thermal is delivered in closed electric furnace and carries out metallurgy, to obtain described calcium carbide.
2. the method preparing calcium carbide according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mean particle size of described raw coal powder and lime powder is and is not more than 20 microns, and preferably, the mean particle size of described raw coal powder and lime powder is all less than 10 microns.
3. the method preparing calcium carbide according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the mean diameter of described pelletizing material is 10 ~ 40 millimeters.
4. the method preparing calcium carbide according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described raw coal powder and described lime powder are that 1.2:1.04 carries out described combination treatment according to mass ratio, and the quality of described raw coal powder is for preparing 1.2 ~ 1.3 times of theoretical amount needed for calcium carbide.
5. the method preparing calcium carbide according to any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, described pyrolysis processing carries out 40 ~ 120 minutes under the pressure of 450 ~ 800 degrees Celsius and 10 ~ 1000Pa.
6. the method preparing calcium carbide according to any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that, described pyrolysis processing carries out 1 hour under 800 degrees Celsius.
7. the method preparing calcium carbide according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature of described pyrolysis solid product is for being not less than 450 degrees Celsius.
8. the method preparing calcium carbide according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature of described hot solid is 900 ~ 1000 degrees Celsius.
9. the method preparing calcium carbide according to any one of claim 1-8, is characterized in that, described metallurgy carries out 5 ~ 30 minutes under 1400 ~ 2000 degrees Celsius.
10. the method preparing calcium carbide according to any one of claim 1-9, is characterized in that, described metallurgy carries out 10 ~ 15 minutes at 1600 ~ 1750 degrees Celsius.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105858660A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-17 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | System and method for preparing calcium carbide |
| CN107473225A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-12-15 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | Prepare the system and method for calcium carbide |
| CN109734096A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-10 | 北京双零矿山装备技术有限公司 | A kind of method and system producing calcium carbide |
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| CN109734096A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-10 | 北京双零矿山装备技术有限公司 | A kind of method and system producing calcium carbide |
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