CN104556036B - The method for preparing solid-state calcium carbide - Google Patents
The method for preparing solid-state calcium carbide Download PDFInfo
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- CN104556036B CN104556036B CN201410831973.XA CN201410831973A CN104556036B CN 104556036 B CN104556036 B CN 104556036B CN 201410831973 A CN201410831973 A CN 201410831973A CN 104556036 B CN104556036 B CN 104556036B
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- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 Wherein Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, including：(1) carbon materials and calcareous material are subjected to fine grinding, to respectively obtain carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder；(2) mixture containing carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder mixed with binding agent, moisten mill processing, to obtain mixed material；(3) mixed material is subjected to forming processes, to obtain material pelletizing；And material pelletizing is carried out cloth into rotary hearth furnace by (4) successively, with the operating of rotary furnace bottom, material pelletizing carries out pyrolysis processing in radiant tube pyrolysis oven intracavitary successively, in smelting furnace intracavitary in carrying out metallurgy under 1200~1380 degrees Celsius, solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar are finally given.This method can prepare solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar simultaneously, and significantly reduce calcium carbide production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing solid-state calcium carbide.
Background technology
Calcium carbide is important coalification chemical product and basic chemical industry raw material, mainly for the production of acetylene and acetenyl chemical industry
Product, particularly for production PVC (polyvinyl chloride), was once described as " mother of organic synthesis industry ".China's energy is characterized in coal
Reserves are big, petroleum reserves is small, so calcium carbide production is significant for Industrial Economic Development, calcium carbide yield is passed year by year nearly ten years
Increase.
Calcium carbide production mainly uses electric furnace smelting method at present, and granularity exists in 5~30mm carbonaceous material with calcium-containing material
By electric arc heated to more than 2000 DEG C in electric furnace, carbon reduction-oxidation calcium generates CaC under hot environment2Product, the electricity of liquid
Stone material is interrupted from furnace bottom discharges.The defect of the production technology shows several aspects：First, ingredient requirement is harsh, passes
Technique of uniting is fixed carbon content >=84%, ash≤15%, fugitive constituent≤1.6% for the requirement of carbon materials, be disclosure satisfy that
Only coke, semicoke and some high-quality anthracites of these requirements, and these raw material reserves are extremely limited, it is expensive；The
Two, furnace heat efficiency is only 50%, and power consumption is up to 3250kWh/t calcium carbides or so；3rd, can be with 15 in raw material shattering process
~20% raw material causes the serious waste of resource because granularity is less than 5mm and goes out of use；4th, the calcium carbide product of production is
Liquid, the erosion for stove, electrode is serious；In addition the processing of liquid calcium carbide needs the work such as the cooling of calcium carbide crucible, the demoulding, broken
Sequence, complex process, environmental pollution is serious.
Therefore, existing calcium carbide production technology is further improved.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solving one of technical problem in correlation technique to a certain extent.Therefore, the present invention
One purpose is to propose a kind of method for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, this method can prepare simultaneously solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and
Coal tar, and significantly reduce calcium carbide production cost.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, including：
(1) carbon materials and calcareous material are subjected to fine grinding, to respectively obtain carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder
End；
(2) mixed the mixture containing the carbon materials powder and the calcareous material powder with binding agent,
Moisten mill processing, to obtain mixed material；
(3) mixed material is subjected to forming processes, to obtain material pelletizing；And
(4) the material pelletizing is subjected to cloth into rotary hearth furnace successively, it is described with the operating of the rotary furnace bottom
Material pelletizing carries out pyrolysis processing in radiant tube pyrolysis oven intracavitary successively, enters in smelting furnace intracavitary under 1200~1380 degrees Celsius
Row metallurgy, finally gives solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar.
The method of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention by carbon materials and calcareous material by carrying out fine grinding
Processing, obtains ultra-fine grade material, can increase material specific surface area and contact area, and then significantly reduce smelting process reaction
Activation energy, so that calcium carbide production efficiency is improved, while being carried out successively at pyrolysis processing and smelting to material pelletizing using rotary hearth furnace
Reason, solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar can be prepared simultaneously, so that value-added content of product is significantly improved, in addition, by tight
Lattice control metallurgy temperature below material pelletizing system melting temperature so that pelletizing is only received in whole smelting process
Contracting, without softening and melting, so as to prepare solid-state calcium carbide, thus avoid liquid calcium carbide to stove refractory material, electricity
The erosion problem of pole and calcium carbide production cost is significantly reduced, and resulting solid-state calcium carbide gas forming amount can reach 300L/
kg。
In addition, the method according to the above embodiment of the present invention for preparing solid-state calcium carbide can also have technology additional as follows
Feature：
In some embodiments of the invention, the fixation carbon content of the carbon materials is 50~65wt%.Thus, it is possible to
Significantly reduce calcium carbide production cost.
In some embodiments of the invention, the carbon materials is lignite, bituminous coal or jet coal.Thus, it is possible to enter one
Step reduction calcium carbide production cost.
In some embodiments of the invention, the calcareous material is quick lime, wherein, calcium oxide contains in the quick lime
Measure as 88~95wt%.Thus, it is possible to further reduce calcium carbide production cost.
In some embodiments of the invention, the average grain diameter of the carbon materials powder and the calcareous material powder point
It is not higher than 30 microns, preferably no greater than 10 microns independently.Thus, it is possible to dramatically increase material specific surface area and contact surface
Product, so as to significantly improve calcium carbide production efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the mixture, the carbon materials powder and the calcareous material
Powder is 2.6~2.8 according to fixed carbon and calcium oxide mol ratio:1 is mixed, and the consumption of the binding agent is to contain the carbon
The 8~10% of the gross mass of the mixture of cellulosic material powder and the calcareous material powder.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve calcium carbide life
Produce efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, the binding agent is at least one of tar and molasses.
In some embodiments of the invention, the average grain diameter of the material pelletizing is 8~30 millimeters.Thus, it is possible to enter
One step improves calcium carbide production efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the pyrolysis processing is at 500~1000 degrees Celsius, the smelting
The time of reason is 15~60 minutes.Thus, it is possible to further reduce calcium carbide production cost.
In some embodiments of the invention, the smelting furnace chamber includes first to three-temperature-zone, the first warm area temperature
Spend for 1200~1250 degrees Celsius, the second warm area temperature is 1300~1350 degrees Celsius, three-temperature-zone temperature is
1350~1380 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to further improve calcium carbide production efficiency.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method for preparing solid-state calcium carbide.Below with reference to Fig. 1 to this
The method of the preparation solid-state calcium carbide of inventive embodiments is described in detail.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, this method includes：
S100：Carbon materials and calcareous material are subjected to fine grinding
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, carry out fine grinding, so as to obtain carbon materials by carbon materials and calcareous material
Powder and calcareous material powder.Inventor has found that subsequent smelting process is solid-state reaction, and liquid phase growing amount is seldom so that ion
Between diffusion mobility it is difficult, so as to cause reaction speed slow, and by the way that carbon materials and calcareous material are carried out into fine grinding processing, obtain
To ultra-fine grade material, material specific surface area and contact area can be increased, and then it is anti-to significantly reduce the reduction of subsequent smelting process
Activation energy is answered, so that reduction reaction can be carried out at a lower temperature, it is possible thereby to calcium carbide production efficiency is significantly improved,
And significantly reduce calcium carbide production cost.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the fixation carbon content of carbon materials can be 50~65wt%, such as carbon materials
Can be lignite, bituminous coal or jet coal, calcareous material can be quick lime, wherein, calcium oxide content can be 88 in quick lime
~95wt%.Inventor find, using low fixed carbon, high volatile colm as raw material, by follow-up pyrolysis processing,
The carbon raw material of high fixed carbon and low volatile can be obtained, so as to meet the requirement in calcium carbide production process to raw material, is relatively passed
System technique is compared, and can substantially reduce calcium carbide raw materials for production cost, and widens raw material sources, while product category is enriched,
While obtaining solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar are obtained, so as to improve added value of product.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the particle diameter for obtaining carbonaceous material powder and calcareous material powder is not limited especially
System, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the average grain diameter of carbonaceous material powder and calcareous material powder can be separately
Not higher than 30 microns, preferably no greater than 10 microns.Semi-coke or coke and caustic lime block, grain in inventor's discovery, traditional handicraft
Degree is in 5~30mm, due to semi-coke in electric furnace or coke is not in close contact with caustic lime block, it is necessary to which electric furnace smelting temperature is 2200
DEG C~2300 DEG C, and only at these elevated temperatures, material could be caused to produce fusing, then produce liquid molten reaction generation electricity
Stone, it is only 50% that this technique, which results in furnace heat efficiency, and production power consumption of calcium carbide per ton is up to about 3250kWh or so；Together
When, this traditional smelting process is also resulted in can be with 15~20wt% raw material because granularity is less than 5mm in raw material shattering process
And go out of use, cause the waste of resource.Carbon materials, calcareous material and iron powder will be carried out fine grinding by the present invention, and being sufficiently mixed makes
Obtain carbon materials to be in close contact with calcareous material, add material specific surface area, and then significantly reduce the reduction of subsequent smelting process
Reaction activity, so that reduction reaction can be in relatively low temperature (1200~1380 DEG C), (15~40 points of short period
Clock) under carry out, material is generating solid-state reaction not in the case of not melting, generates solid-state calcium carbide, and smelt per ton
Power consumption of calcium carbide is only 2400kWh or so, and the power consumption of calcium carbide per ton compared to traditional handicraft is up to about 3250kWh and have dropped 850kWh,
Greatly save power consumption, at the same solid-state calcium carbide product produced by the invention can cool down after directly packaging is outer sells, it is to avoid tradition
The liquid calcium carbide of technique productions is eliminated the need for liquid calcium carbide in calcium carbide crucible cooling, de- for stove, the Eroded of electrode
The process such as mould, broken, reduces the environmental pollution of the process stages.
S200：Mixing, profit mill processing
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the mixture containing carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder and binding agent are entered
Row mixing, profit mill processing, so as to obtain mixed material.Inventor has found in process of the test, when carbon materials, calcic material
How material mixes that problem is larger by after levigate, between them, because meticulous granularity causes powder to generate agglomeration, because
This, inventor is had been surprisingly found that by many experiments, is difficult to mix this hardly possible between powder material is solved by the way of profit is ground
Topic.
The proportioning of carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder is not by special in embodiments in accordance with the present invention, mixture
Limitation, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder can be according to fixed carbon and oxidation
Calcium mol ratio is 2.6~2.8:1 is mixed.Inventor has found, for carbon materials, is incorporated excessive calcareous material,
Although subsequent reactions temperature can be reduced, react obtained calcium carbide product and be difficult to up to standard, reason is that have excessive CaO to remain in
In calcium carbide product；And it is too low to be incorporated calcareous material, it will so that reaction temperature is raised, while have the carbon materials of surplus remaining,
Economy is deteriorated.Thus, the material matched using the present invention, while reaction temperature is reduced, can significantly improve calcium carbide production
The quality of product.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the consumption of binding agent is not particularly restricted, according to a particular embodiment of the invention,
The consumption of binding agent can be the 8~10% of the gross mass of the mixture containing carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder.Hair
A person of good sense has found that consumption of binder can equally meet pellet strength requirement when being higher than 10%, but cost is dramatically increased, and works as bonding
When agent consumption is less than 8%, pellet strength is deteriorated, it is impossible to meet the requirement that pelletizing enters stove smelting, and it is 8 thus to select consumption of binder
When~10%, it can both ensure that pelletizing enters stove smelting requirements, can reduce the cost again.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, binding agent can be selected from least one of tar and molasses.In the step, tool
Body, carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder are mixed according to predetermined ratio using material-compound tank first, mixed
Obtained mixture, is then transported in damp mill and is mixed by thing through air-flow, damp mill charging position using water pipe to
A certain amount of binding agent is added in damp mill, so as to obtain mixed material.Inventor find, by fine grinding handle obtain it is ultra-fine
The carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder of powdery are easy to reunite in itself, if the little particle reunited is excessive, it will
Reduce the contact area between two kinds of materials so that the effect of ore grinding does not give full play of, and use damp mill on the one hand
Using the effect of rolling of steel ball medium a small amount of binding agent can be made to be uniformly dispersed in powder surface, preferably play cohesive
Effect, on the other hand can break up the particle that fine particle stage material is agglomerated into, so as to significantly improve calcium carbide production efficiency.
S300：Forming processes
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, carry out forming processes, so as to obtain thing by the mixed material obtained as above arrived
Pellet group.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the particle diameter of material pelletizing is not particularly restricted, according to the specific implementation of the present invention
Example, the average grain diameter of material pelletizing can be 8~30 millimeters.Inventor has found, when pelletizing average grain diameter is less than 8mm, on the one hand
Pellets are easily caused, influence subsequent reactions are carried out, and another aspect productivity ratio is relatively low；And pelletizing average grain diameter is more than 30mm
When, pelletizing thermal conductivity is deteriorated, and the reaction time lengthens, and causes production efficiency step-down, thus the selection of pelletizing average grain diameter degree 8~
30mm can significantly improve production efficiency.Specifically, forming processes can be carried out to mixed material using disk pelletizing machine, can be with
The problem of dusty raw materials shaping cost is high is solved, wherein, the parameter of disk pelletizing machine is that disc rotation speed is 38r/min, the high h in side
=100mm, inclination alpha=45 °, and the Granulation time of every batch materials is maintained at 10~18min.
S400：Pyrolysis processing and metallurgy
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, carry out cloth into rotary hearth furnace by material pelletizing obtained above successively, with turn
The operating of bottom stove furnace bottom, material pelletizing carries out pyrolysis processing in radiant tube pyrolysis oven intracavitary successively, in smelting furnace intracavitary in 1200
Metallurgy is carried out under~1380 degrees Celsius, solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar is finally given.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention,
It can be used a part for coal tar as the binding agent in molding process.Inventor has found, is replaced using rotary hearth furnace
Furnace of calcium carbide, can solve to use the problem of energy consumption is too high caused by electric furnace in traditional calcium carbide production process, and can be to material
Pelletizing carries out pyrolysis processing and metallurgy successively, solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar can be prepared simultaneously, so that significantly
Value-added content of product is improved, meanwhile, by strictly controlling metallurgy temperature below material pelletizing system melting temperature so that
Pelletizing is only shunk in whole smelting process, without softening and melting, so as to prepare solid-state calcium carbide, is thus avoided
Erosion problem of the liquid calcium carbide to stove refractory material and electrode, and the smelting of furnace wall is protected with tradition using cooling water
Technique is compared, hence it is evident that reduce calcium carbide production cost, and calcium carbide product keeps solid-state in production process of the present invention in addition, only needs calcium carbide
Preservation can be packed after crucible splicing cooling, without broken, technique process is simplified, so as to avoid the wave of environmental pollution and product
Take, and resulting solid-state calcium carbide gas forming amount can reach 300L/kg.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the temperature of pyrolysis processing
Degree can be 500~1000 degrees Celsius, and the time of metallurgy can be 15~60 minutes.Thus, it is possible to which further reduction is electric
Stone production cost.
Specifically, being divided into two burner hearths inside rotary hearth furnace, respectively it is pyrolyzed furnace chamber and smelts furnace chamber, centre is by one section of fire resisting
Material wall is separated, and wall lower end to furnace bottom distance slightly above thickness of feed layer, i.e. material with circular rotary hearth furnace furnace bottom rotary course
Middle bed of material top and refractory material wall low side distance are as few as possible, realize effective cut-off to rotary hearth furnace furnace chamber, protect pyrolysis oven
The atmosphere of intracavitary, so that the smoothly composition such as gas recovery and coal tar.Specifically, being obtained first using vibration material distributor by above-mentioned
Material pelletizing in the interior carry out cloth of rotary hearth furnace, the thickness of the bed of material is 50~70 millimeters, with the rotation of rotary hearth furnace, material ball
The radiant tube pyrolysis oven intracavitary that group enters in rotary hearth furnace is pyrolyzed, wherein it is possible to which radiant tube is passed through high-temperature flue gas to provide
Pyrolysis processing needed for heat, can for example use the coal for smelting that the calcium carbide furnace gas that produces or pyrolysis oven intracavitary are produced in furnace chamber
The high-temperature flue gas that gas burning is produced.Inventor is had found, direct combustion heating can be avoided for heat by using radiant tube heating
Solve the influence of atmosphere.In addition, setting gas recovery system for oil in pyrolysis oven intracavitary, the coal gas of pyrolytic process generation can be effectively reclaimed
And coal tar.Then as the rotation of rotary hearth furnace, the material pelletizing by pyrolysis processing, which enters, smelts furnace chamber progress metallurgy,
Wherein it is possible to which the coke-stove gas that directly burnt using heat-accumulating burner, natural gas or coal gas carry out heat supply, so as to effectively profit
Combustion air temperature is improved with fume afterheat and material in heating furnace, and more traditional furnace of calcium carbide smelt energy consumption relatively low 30% with
On, so that the purpose of energy-conservation is reached, and calcium carbide smelts furnace chamber and uses zonal control temperature, and whole furnace chamber of smelting is divided into 3 temperature
Area, the first warm area temperature is 1200~1250 degrees Celsius, and the second warm area temperature is 1300~1350 degrees Celsius, three-temperature-zone temperature
For 1350~1380 degrees Celsius, thus, it is possible to significantly improve calcium carbide production efficiency.After calcium carbide smelting terminates, gone out using spiral
Expect device discharging, obtain block calcium carbide, without crushing after cooling, amount of powder is few, can directly be packed, and resulting
Solid-state calcium carbide gas forming amount is 300L/kg, meets high-quality calcium carbide standard.It should be noted that the material stop of each temperature province
Time is controlled by rotary furnace bottom rotating speed.
As described above, the method for preparations solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention can have the advantages that to be selected from it is following extremely
It is one of few：
The method of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention uses low fixed carbon, the lignite of high volatile, bituminous coal
Or jet coal, as the carbon materials of production calcium carbide, adaptability to raw materials is wide, and compared with requirement of the traditional handicraft for carbon materials
Cost can reduce by more than 50% for the raw material of fixed carbon content >=84%；
The method of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention makes full use of the discarded fine particle stage material of traditional handicraft,
Turn waste into wealth, traditional furnace of calcium carbide is smelted in calcium carbide technique, is strictly controlled entering electric furnace raw material granularity, produced in shattering process
10~20% carbon materials and lime less than 5mm can not enter electric furnace smelting, this part material go out of use or need
The complicated technologies such as coreless armature charging are wanted to be utilized on a small quantity, and the present invention uses fine fraction raw material, the raw material scope of application completely
Extensively, and fine-graded cost of material is low, source is wide, so as to effectively reduce cost of material；
The method of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention can prepare calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar simultaneously
Oil, stove utilization rate is high, and more traditional calcium carbide production technology improves added value of product, and causes resource to obtain effective profit
With；
The method technological process of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention is simple, and utilization rate of equipment and installations is high, only passes through
Fine grinding, mixing, shaping, 4 systems of pyrolysis-smelting, without drying system, it is particularly possible to raw in one equipment of circular rotary hearth furnace
Producing coal gas, tar, solid-state calcium carbide；
The method of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention can significantly reduce calcium carbide energy consumption, and the present invention is adopted
With ultra-fine grade material as carbide raw material, in calcium carbide smelting process, temperature than industrial production calcium carbide temperature reduction by 800~
More than 1000 DEG C, energy consumption reduction by more than 30%, and the present invention uses natural gas or coke-stove gas as the energy, calcium carbide per ton
Smelting cost declines more than 50% compared with electric furnace smelting, simultaneously because the present invention uses solid-state calcium carbide production technology, it is to avoid because former
Material fusing phase transformation and consumed energy, during calculating shows that traditional furnace of calcium carbide smelts liquid calcium carbide, the calcium carbide heat of transformation accounts for calcium carbide life
5% or so of production capacity consumption；
The method of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention uses solid-state calcium carbide production technology, and stove will not be produced
It is raw to corrode, also without consumption of electrode so that smelting process is reliable and stable；
The tar produced in pyrolytic process can be applied to by the method for preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention
In molding process, recycling for tar is realized, so that binding agent cost is reduced, and the material pelletizing after shaping need not
Drying can directly carry out pyrolysis processing；
Disk pelletizing technology is used in the method for preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention, power electric is only consumed,
And compared with traditional mode of production energy consumption statistic, high-pressure molding power consumption is in 15kwh/t or so, equipment loss is about 10 yuan/t, using cylinder system
Grain machine pelletizing, need to only consume power electric, power consumption is about 4kwh/t, and equipment loss is seldom, and powder compacting cost is reduced about
60%；
The method of preparation solid-state calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention simplifies traditional calcium carbide technological process of production, tradition electricity
Stone smelting process uses liquid production technology, and liquid form product is needed to be poured onto first in calcium carbide crucible, and demolding after cooling is simultaneously carried out
It is broken to obtain small-sized products, and the present invention carries out solid-state calcium carbide smelting to raw material pelletizing, is directly obtained with fritter after cooling
Calcium carbide product simultaneously packs sale.Without the cooling of calcium carbide crucible, the demoulding and broken link, it is to avoid produced in shattering process a large amount of
Dust causes environmental pollution and product to waste.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it is necessary to which explanation, these embodiments are only description
Property, without limiting the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
Bituminous coal and quick lime using airflow milling by granularity in below 1mm carry out fine grinding processing respectively, respectively obtain grain
Particle of the footpath less than 30 microns accounts for more than 98.19% bituminous coal powder and quick lime powder, wherein, bituminous coal Industrial Analysis such as table 1
Shown, quick lime CaO content is 90.89wt%, is then delivered to bituminous coal powder and quick lime powder in material-compound tank through gas,
It is quick lime powder according to weight ratio：Bituminous coal powder=125:100 are mixed, and are then sent to the mixture prepared by air-flow
In damp mill, damp mill feed position use water pipe to add 8wt% tar into damp mill (rotating speed of damp mill is 33r/
Min, grinding medium filling ratio is that 12%) profit grinds 10min, obtains mixed material, is then transported to obtained mixed material by batch can
Feed bin at the top of disk pelletizing machine, wherein, the parameter of disk pelletizing machine is that disc rotation speed is 38r/min, the high h=100mm in side, is inclined
Angle α is 45 degree, and adds 7wt% tar in disk pelletizing machine, and the molding time per batch materials is 10min, obtains particle diameter
In 8~30mm material pelletizing, obtained material pelletizing is without drying, directly by the feed bin of belt transport to rotary hearth furnace furnace roof,
Cloth is carried out to rotary furnace bottom using vibration material distributor, fabric thickness is 50mm, then as the rotation of rotary furnace bottom, thing
Pellet group carries out pyrolysis processing 35 minutes in radiant tube pyrolysis furnace chamber under 800~1000 degrees Celsius, and utilization is pyrolyzed furnace chamber
Interior device for recovering oil and gas gas recovery and coal tar, wherein, the coal tar of recovery may be used as the binding agent of formative stage, reach
The purpose utilized to feedstock circulation, the coal tar of recovery comes from two parts, and a part comes from and is added to as binding agent in pelletizing,
Another part is produced in itself from high volatile bituminous coal, and factor of created gase removes the coal tar as binding agent, bituminous coal up to 9.46%
Oil productivity is 7.25%, and bituminous coal is changed into semi-coke after pyrolysis, rotates, is obtained after pyrolysis then as rotary hearth furnace
Semi-coke enters smelting furnace intracavitary in progress metallurgy 42 minutes under 1200~1380 degrees Celsius, wherein, smelting furnace intracavitary is divided into
Three warm areas, the temperature of the first warm area is 1200~1250 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the second warm area is 1300~1320 degrees Celsius, the
The temperature of three-temperature-zone is 1360~1380 degrees Celsius, specifically, the combustion gas of smelting furnace intracavitary uses the natural gas of high heating value, furnace bottom material
Material uses resistant to elevated temperatures carbide refractory, and smelts furnace wall using water-cooling wall protection, and hot pelletizing is after high temperature sintering
Due to contact area greatly, contact point is more for internal fine fraction semi-coke and lime, and work is produced with the electric furnace of traditional coarse fraction raw material
Skill compares, and mass transfer condition is greatly improved, and the reaction of solid-state calcium carbide occurs inside pelletizing, CaC is generated2, after smelting terminates, heat
State calcium carbide is transported to outside stove in discharging opening by spiral discharging device, in the refractory material containers for being stored in opening.
The bituminous coal Industrial Analysis (w%) of table 1
| Moisture (Mad) | Ash content (Aad) | Volatile matter (Vad) | Fixed carbon (Cad) |
| 2.07 | 6.80 | 32.30 | 58.83 |
Solid-state calcium carbide pelletizing appearance surfaces after cooling have black, but have silvering to appear, and profile shrinks obvious, and
And internal structure is loose porous, color is in silver gray, and glossy, compact structure, cold strength is good.5 are taken to solid-state calcium carbide product
Batch sample (every crowd of sample 50g) is got angry on amount determining device in LJD calcium carbide and measures gas forming amount according to national standard, and gas forming amount scope exists
Between 300~310L/kg, high-quality calcium carbide standard is reached.
Embodiment 2
Bituminous coal and quick lime using airflow milling by granularity in below 1mm carry out fine grinding processing respectively, respectively obtain grain
Particle of the footpath less than 10 microns accounts for more than 99.75% bituminous coal powder and quick lime powder, wherein, bituminous coal and quick lime are with implementation
Bituminous coal powder and quick lime powder, are then delivered in material-compound tank by example 1 through gas, are quick lime powder according to weight ratio：Cigarette
Coal dust end=125:100 are mixed, and are then sent to the mixture prepared in damp mill by air-flow, and position is fed in damp mill
Using water pipe to add 8wt% tar into damp mill, (rotating speed of damp mill for 33r/min, grinding medium filling ratio is 12%) profit mill
10min, obtains mixed material, and obtained mixed material then is transported into feed bin at the top of disk pelletizing machine by batch can, wherein,
The parameter of disk pelletizing machine is that disc rotation speed is 38r/min, and the high h=100mm in side, inclination alpha is 45 degree, and in disk pelletizing machine
8wt% tar is added, the molding time per batch materials is 15min, obtains material pelletizing of the particle diameter in 8~30mm, obtains
Material pelletizing is without drying, directly by the feed bin of belt transport to rotary hearth furnace furnace roof, using vibration material distributor to rotary furnace bottom
Cloth is carried out, fabric thickness is 50mm, then as the rotation of rotary furnace bottom, material pelletizing exists in radiant tube pyrolysis furnace chamber
Pyrolysis processing is carried out under 800~1000 degrees Celsius 30 minutes, and utilize the device for recovering oil and gas gas recovery of pyrolysis oven intracavitary
And coal tar, wherein, the coal tar of recovery may be used as the binding agent of formative stage, reach the purpose that feedstock circulation is utilized, and return
The coal tar of receipts comes from two parts, and a part as binding agent from being added in pelletizing, and another part comes from high volatile cigarette
Coal is produced in itself, and factor of created gase removes the coal tar as binding agent up to 15%, and bituminous coal oil productivity is 9%, and bituminous coal passes through
Be changed into semi-coke after pyrolysis, rotated then as rotary hearth furnace, the semi-coke obtained after pyrolysis enter smelting furnace intracavitary in 1200~
Metallurgy is carried out under 1380 degrees Celsius 31 minutes, wherein, smelting furnace intracavitary is divided into three warm areas, and the temperature of the first warm area is
1230~1240 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the second warm area is 1300~1330 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of three-temperature-zone is 1350~1370
Degree Celsius, specifically, the combustion gas of smelting furnace intracavitary uses the natural gas of high heating value, furnace hearth material uses resistant to elevated temperatures carbonaceous fire proofed wood
Material, and furnace wall, hot pelletizing fine fraction semi-coke internal after high temperature sintering and lime are smelted using water-cooling wall protection
Because contact area is big, contact point is more, is compared with the electric furnace production technology of traditional coarse fraction raw material, mass transfer condition is greatly changed
It is kind, the reaction of solid-state calcium carbide occurs inside pelletizing, CaC is generated2, after smelting terminates, hot calcium carbide is in discharging opening by spiral discharging
Device is transported to outside stove, in the refractory material containers for being stored in opening.
Solid-state calcium carbide pelletizing appearance surfaces after cooling have black, but have silvering to appear, and profile shrinks obvious, and
And internal structure is loose porous, color is in silver gray, and glossy, compact structure, cold strength is good.5 are taken to solid-state calcium carbide product
Batch sample (every crowd of sample 50g) is got angry on amount determining device in LJD calcium carbide and measures gas forming amount according to national standard, and gas forming amount scope exists
Between 300~310L/kg, high-quality calcium carbide standard is reached.
Embodiment 3
Lignite and quick lime using airflow milling by granularity in below 1mm carry out fine grinding processing respectively, respectively obtain grain
Particle of the footpath less than 10 microns accounts for 100% lignite powder and quick lime powder, wherein, lignite Industrial Analysis is as shown in table 2, raw
Lime CaO content is 90.89wt%, is then delivered to lignite powder and quick lime powder in material-compound tank through gas, according to weight
Amount is than being quick lime powder：Lignite powder=125:100 are mixed, and the mixture prepared then is sent into damp mill by air-flow
In, damp mill feed position use water pipe added into damp mill 8wt% tar (rotating speed of damp mill for 33r/min, Jie
Matter pack completeness is 12%) profit mill 10min, obtains mixed material, obtained mixed material then is transported into disk system by batch can
Feed bin at the top of grain machine, wherein, the parameter of disk pelletizing machine is that disc rotation speed is 38r/min, the high h=100mm in side, and inclination alpha is
45 degree, and add in disk pelletizing machine 10wt% tar, the molding time per batch materials is 18min, obtain particle diameter 8~
30mm material pelletizing, obtained material pelletizing is without drying, directly by the feed bin of belt transport to rotary hearth furnace furnace roof, using shaking
Dynamic material distributing machine carries out cloth to rotary furnace bottom, and fabric thickness is 50mm, then as the rotation of rotary furnace bottom, material pelletizing
Pyrolysis processing is carried out under 800~1000 degrees Celsius 30 minutes in radiant tube pyrolysis furnace chamber, and utilize the oil of pyrolysis oven intracavitary
Gas recovering device gas recovery and coal tar, wherein, the coal tar of recovery may be used as the binding agent of formative stage, reach raw material
The purpose recycled, the coal tar of recovery comes from two parts, and a part comes from and is added to as binding agent in pelletizing, another portion
Divide and produced in itself from high volatile bituminous coal, factor of created gase removes the coal tar as binding agent up to 12%, and bituminous coal oil productivity is
11%, and lignite is changed into semi-coke after pyrolysis, is rotated then as rotary hearth furnace, and the semi-coke obtained after pyrolysis enters smelting
Furnace intracavitary in carrying out metallurgy 28 minutes under 1200~1380 degrees Celsius, wherein, smelting furnace intracavitary is divided into three warm areas, the
The temperature of one warm area is 1200~1250 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the second warm area is 1300~1340 degrees Celsius, the temperature of three-temperature-zone
Spend for 1360~1380 degrees Celsius, specifically, the combustion gas of smelting furnace intracavitary uses the natural gas of high heating value, furnace hearth material uses resistance to height
The carbide refractory of temperature, and furnace wall, hot pelletizing particulate internal after high temperature sintering are smelted using water-cooling wall protection
Due to contact area greatly, contact point is more, is compared with the electric furnace production technology of traditional coarse fraction raw material, mass transfer for level semi-coke and lime
Condition is greatly improved, and the reaction of solid-state calcium carbide occurs inside pelletizing, CaC is generated2, after smelting terminates, hot calcium carbide is going out
Material mouth is transported to outside stove by spiral discharging device, in the refractory material containers for being stored in opening.
The lignite Industrial Analysis (w%) of table 2
| Moisture (Mad) | Ash content (Aad) | Volatile matter (Vad) | Fixed carbon (Cad) |
| 4.01 | 6.60 | 30.01 | 59.38 |
Solid-state calcium carbide pelletizing appearance surfaces after cooling have black, but have silvering to appear, and profile shrinks obvious, and
And internal structure is loose porous, color is in silver gray, and glossy, compact structure, cold strength is good.5 are taken to solid-state calcium carbide product
Batch sample (every crowd of sample 50g) is got angry on amount determining device in LJD calcium carbide and measures gas forming amount according to national standard, and gas forming amount scope exists
Between 300~310L/kg, high-quality calcium carbide standard is reached.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine specific features, structure, material or the spy that the embodiment or example are described
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be with office
Combined in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, in the case of not conflicting, the skill of this area
Art personnel can be tied the not be the same as Example or the feature of example and non-be the same as Example or example described in this specification
Close and combine.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changed, replacing and modification.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, it is characterised in that including：
(1) carbon materials and calcareous material are subjected to fine grinding, to respectively obtain carbon materials powder and calcareous material powder；
(2) mixture containing the carbon materials powder and the calcareous material powder mixed with binding agent, moisten mill
Processing, to obtain mixed material；
(3) mixed material is subjected to forming processes, to obtain material pelletizing；And
(4) the material pelletizing is subjected to cloth into rotary hearth furnace successively, with the operating of the rotary furnace bottom, the material
Pelletizing carries out pyrolysis processing in radiant tube pyrolysis oven intracavitary successively, in smelting furnace intracavitary in carrying out smelting under 1200~1380 degrees Celsius
Refining is handled, and finally gives solid-state calcium carbide, coal gas and coal tar,
Wherein, the average grain diameter of the carbon materials powder and the calcareous material powder is separately not higher than 30 microns,
In the mixture, the carbon materials powder and the calcareous material powder are according to fixed carbon and calcium oxide mol ratio
For 2.6~2.8:1 is mixed, and the consumption of the binding agent is to contain the carbon materials powder and the calcareous material powder
Mixture gross mass 8~10%,
The average grain diameter of the material pelletizing is 8~30 millimeters,
The material pelletizing is 50~70 millimeters in the thickness of feed layer of rotary hearth furnace,
The smelting furnace chamber is included first to three-temperature-zone, and the first warm area temperature is 1200~1250 degrees Celsius, and described the
Two warm area temperature are 1300~1350 degrees Celsius, and three-temperature-zone temperature is 1350~1380 degrees Celsius.
2. the method according to claim 1 for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, it is characterised in that the fixed carbon of the carbon materials contains
Measure as 50~65wt%.
3. the method according to claim 2 for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, it is characterised in that the carbon materials is lignite, cigarette
Coal or jet coal.
4. the method according to claim 1 for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, it is characterised in that the calcareous material is quick lime,
Wherein, calcium oxide content is 88~95wt% in the quick lime.
5. the method according to claim 1 for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, it is characterised in that the carbon materials powder and described
The average grain diameter of calcareous material powder is separately not higher than 10 microns.
6. the method according to claim 1 for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, it is characterised in that the binding agent is tar and molasses
At least one of.
7. the method according to claim 1 for preparing solid-state calcium carbide, it is characterised in that the temperature of the pyrolysis processing is
500~1000 degrees Celsius, the time of the metallurgy is 15~60 minutes.
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