CN105460937B - A kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN105460937B CN105460937B CN201410454488.5A CN201410454488A CN105460937B CN 105460937 B CN105460937 B CN 105460937B CN 201410454488 A CN201410454488 A CN 201410454488A CN 105460937 B CN105460937 B CN 105460937B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods effectively improving calcium carbide yield, including：Prepare lime and high-volatile coal feedstock；Coal is dried；The step of milling, mix to raw material, film-making again, finally entering electromagnetic oven reaction, according to chemical reaction CaO+C → CaC2It carries out.It is an advantage of the invention that：Compared with prior art, reaction is proceeded by under low-temperature condition, with the raising of temperature, reaction is accelerated, and the production cost of calcium carbide is greatly reduced in one times of output increased or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of calcium carbide, can effectively improve calcium carbide yield.
Background technology
Calcium carbide is important industrial chemicals, mainly for generation of acetylene gas, is also used for organic synthesis, oxycetylene welding etc..
Industrially generally use electric furnace smelting process and the hot method of oxygen, wherein electric furnace smelting process is to set coke and calcium oxide (molecular formula CaO)
The melting in 2200 DEG C or so of electric furnace generates calcium carbide (molecular formula CaC2).Above-mentioned synthetic reaction is that a solid phase heat absorption is anti-
It answers, raw material heat transfer, mass-transfer efficiency are low, and the dynamic process time is very long, and only furnace temperature reaches 2200 DEG C or higher temperature
When, coke just proceeds by chemical reaction with calcium oxide, in the actual production process, less efficient.
Invention content
To overcome deficiency in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield, the preparation method include the following steps：
S1, raw material preparation step prepare lime and high-volatile coal in proportion；
S2, raw material drying step carry out cycle heating to the high-volatile coal by hot steam, and the dry heat that formed is done
Coal, drying temperature is 180 DEG C, and is cooled into cold dry coal；
S3, raw material are milled step, by ball mill by lime and cold dry coal after S2 is dried under explosion-proof environment point
It is not ground, fineness of grind is 5 μm -500 μm, and inert gas is filled with into ball mill in process of lapping；According to selection coal
Part different, step described above, which can directly omit S2 and enter S3 steps, to be dried.
Raw material after milling in S3 is input to by seal pipe in blender, passes through blender by S4, raw material mixing step
Stirring at normal temperature is uniform, meanwhile, the binder for accounting for raw material gross mass 2%-10% is added in whipping process so that mixing evenly；
Uniformly mixed material in S4 is input to by seal pipe in pelleter, passes through film-making by S5, tableting step
Machine is tabletted；
S6, reaction pre-manufactured step, tablet obtained in S5 are input to by seal pipe in semi-coke oven, by semi-coke oven liter
Temperature to 400 DEG C -900 DEG C carry out volatile oil and gas evaporation, be made the carbon-point containing lime, actual temp according to oil-gas ratio into
Row selection；
S7, reaction prepare calcium carbide step, and the carbon-point containing lime in S6 is input to electromagnetic oven by seal pipe heat preservation
In, when electromagnetic oven temperature reaches 1600 DEG C -1700 DEG C, material is chemically reacted, CaO+C → CaC2, electromagnetic oven continues to heat up,
Reaction speed is accelerated with the raising of temperature, until the reaction is complete.
Preferably, also addition accounts for the reaction promoter of raw material gross mass 0.2%-0.4% in whipping process in the S4, described
Reaction promoter group becomes sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and beryllium carbonate, and three's mass ratio is 6:3:1, the amount of beryllium carbonate can carry out appropriate
It reduces.
Preferably, increase laser irradiation or plasma heating between S6 and S7, i.e., the carbon containing lime is made in S6
Stick is placed on Bestrahlungstisch, and carbon-point surface temperature is kept for 5-7 minutes after being higher than the temperature in semi-coke oven in 3 minutes, is then passed through
Seal pipe, which is input in electromagnetic oven, is reacted.
Preferably, high-volatile coal is lignite, mud coal or coke in the S1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of C and CaO is in raw material in the S1：6-7:10 or C and CaCO3Mass ratio be：6-7:
14。
Preferably, air cooling in the S2 carries out heat exchange type into hot steam, is used for subsequent drying steps.
Preferably, inert gas is carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton, xenon or radon in the S3
Gas, in the present reaction from cost consideration in inert gas, carbon dioxide and nitrogen are best selection gas.
Preferably, binder is pitch, stearic acid or sugar residue in the S4, and binder can be with lime simultaneously in the S4
Mixing is added.
Preferably, the additive amount of binder is directly proportional to material fineness in the S4.
Preferably, figure of tablet is olive shape or column in the S5, and the maximum gauge of the olive shape tablet is 2cm-
6cm, length 1-10cm, a diameter of 1cm-5cm of the column tablet, length 1-10cm.
Preferably, in the S6 volatile oil be how quinones, gas be hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide.
The principles of chemistry utilized in the present invention are：CaO+C→CaC2, when C and CaO are contacted at a certain temperature, meeting
First generate a part of CaC2, this part of CaC2It needs evacuation or can just carry out subsequent reaction after being lost in, therefore existing smelting furnace
It needs constantly to heat up, is heated to 2300 DEG C or more, at this high temperature, CaC2It could be lost in molten condition, can just be protected
Demonstrate,prove the thorough of subsequent reactions.
Compared with prior art, it the innovation of the invention consists in that preparing the carbon-point containing lime first, is processed by ball milling
At the silty with certain fineness, thus so that its specific surface increases, and increases contact surface so that reactant can be disposable
Participate in chemical reaction.At 1600 DEG C -1700 DEG C, you can with the reaction was complete.If being continuously heating to 2300 DEG C or higher
Temperature can further speed up the progress of reaction, be conducive to the completion of reaction, subsequent to heat while being also to further increase list
The behave of yield in the time of position.
Also addition accounts for the reaction promoter of raw material gross mass 0.2%-0.4%, institute in whipping process for currently preferred addition
Stating reaction promoter group becomes sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and beryllium carbonate, and three's mass ratio is 6:3:1.Sodium, potassium and beryllium ion can be catalyzed
The progress of redox reaction promotes calcium carbide synthesis, to accelerate to react.
In addition, increasing laser irradiation between S6 and S7, i.e., the carbon-point containing lime is made in S6 is placed on Bestrahlungstisch, 3
Carbon-point surface temperature is kept for 5-7 minute after reaching 700 DEG C in minute, is then passed through seal pipe and is input in electromagnetic oven progress instead
It answers.On radiation effects to the carbon-point containing lime, ionization and excitation can be generated, releases orbital electron, forms free radical, especially
It can more effectively facilitate reaction and carry out, improve reaction efficiency and yield under conditions of being added to reaction promoter.
By measuring and calculating repeatedly, yield of the invention compared with prior art, in the unit interval output increased 1 again with
On, reaction efficiency and yield are effectively improved, there is wide prospects for commercial application.
The temperature highest of the present invention can rise to 6000 DEG C, and the temperature specifically used, can be carried out according to actual operating mode
Selection determines.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is expanded on further and understood below by embodiment.
A kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield, includes the following steps：
S1, raw material preparation prepare lime and high-volatile coal in proportion；The high-volatile coal is lignite.Raw material
The mass ratio of middle C and CaO is：6.5:10.
S2, raw material drying carry out cycle heating to the high-volatile coal by hot steam, and drying forms hot dry coal,
Drying temperature is 180 DEG C, and is cooled into cold dry coal；Specifically, be to carry out being heated to 180 DEG C to coal by hot steam, it
It is cooled down afterwards by cold air, cold air absorbs the heat of high temperature coal while cooling, and the air after heat absorption again can be right
Subsequent coal is heated, and so constantly cycle is until coal drying.
S3, raw material are milled, and are ground respectively by coal of the ball mill to lime and after drying, fineness of grind is
50 μm -120 μm, grinding is needed in explosion-proof environment, and is carried out in nitrogen atmosphere, the carbon dioxide gas generated after burned
It can also use, explosion-proof environment refers to that cannot generate the situations such as electric spark herein, can be carried out in antiknock device.
S4, raw material mixing, the raw material in S3 is uniform by blender stirring at normal temperature, meanwhile, it is added and accounts in blender
The binder of raw material gross mass 6% is so that mix evenly；The binder is pitch.
Also addition accounts for the reaction promoter of raw material gross mass 0.3% in whipping process, and the reaction promoter group becomes carbonic acid
Sodium, potassium carbonate and beryllium carbonate, three's mass ratio are 6:3:1.
The material being uniformly mixed in S4 is first carried out precompressed, tablet is made by pelleter by S5, film-making agent；The tablet
Shape is column, a diameter of 3cm of the column tablet, length 8cm.
S6, reaction are pre-prepared, and tablet obtained in S5 is quickly transferred in semi-coke oven under air-tight state, is warming up to
800 DEG C, the evaporation of volatile oil and gas is carried out, the carbon-point containing lime is made；Volatile oil and gas are carried out using semi-coke oven
Recycling, the volatile oil refer to how quinones, gas refers to hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide, and the substance of the above recycling can be into
Row Collection utilization.
S7, reaction prepare calcium carbide, and the carbon-point containing lime, which is made, in S6 is placed on Bestrahlungstisch, carbon-point surface temperature in 3 minutes
Degree is kept for 6 minutes after reaching 850 DEG C, is then passed through seal pipe and is input in electromagnetic oven, electromagnetic oven temperature reaches 1600 DEG C -1700
DEG C when, material is chemically reacted, CaO+C → CaC2, electromagnetic oven continues to heat up, and reaction speed adds with the raising of temperature
Soon, until the reaction is complete.
The present embodiment prepares lime and coal fine powder by ball milling, and carbon-point, lime and coal contact area are suppressed after mixing
Increase, by controlling the proportioning of powder particle size, lime and coal, under lower temperature conditions（1600℃-1700℃）It can be anti-
It should be complete.Sodium, potassium and beryllium ion are capable of the progress of catalytic oxidation-reduction reaction, promote calcium carbide synthesis；Radiation effects is to containing stone
On the carbon-point of ash, ionization and excitation can be generated, releases orbital electron, free radical is formed, is especially being added to reaction promoter
Under conditions of, it can more effectively facilitate reaction and carry out, improve reaction efficiency and yield.
The yield of the present embodiment compared with prior art, 1 times of output increased or more in the unit interval, due to energy-efficient original
Cause, overall cost decline 20-30%, overcome in the prior art reaction temperature is high, reaction speed it is slow it is low with reaction efficiency not
Foot, effectively reduces production cost, has a vast market application prospect.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
It cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all main according to the present invention
The equivalent transformation or modification that the Spirit Essence of technical solution is done are wanted, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes the following steps：
S1, raw material preparation step prepare lime and high-volatile coal in proportion；
S2, raw material drying step carry out cycle heating to the high-volatile coal by hot steam, and drying forms hot dry coal,
Drying temperature is 180 DEG C, and is cooled into cold dry coal；
S3, raw material are milled step, by ball mill by lime and cold dry coal after S2 is dried under explosion-proof environment respectively into
Row grinding, fineness of grind is 5 μm -500 μm, and inert gas is filled with into ball mill in process of lapping；
Raw material after milling in S3 is input to by seal pipe in blender, passes through blender room temperature by S4, raw material mixing step
It stirs evenly, meanwhile, the binder for accounting for raw material gross mass 2%-10% is added in whipping process so that mixing evenly；
Uniformly mixed material in S4 is input to by seal pipe in pelleter, passes through pelleter pressure by S5, tableting step
Tablet is made；
S6, reaction pre-manufactured step, tablet obtained in S5 is input to by seal pipe in semi-coke oven, semi-coke oven is warming up to
400 DEG C -900 DEG C evaporations for carrying out volatile oil and gas, are made the carbon-point containing lime；
S7, reaction prepare calcium carbide step, the carbon-point containing lime in S6 are input to by seal pipe heat preservation in electromagnetic oven, electricity
When magnetic furnace temperature reaches 1600 DEG C -1700 DEG C, material is chemically reacted, CaO+C → CaC2, electromagnetic oven continues to heat up, and reacts
Speed is accelerated with the raising of temperature, until the reaction is complete；
Also addition accounts for the reaction promoter of raw material gross mass 0.2%-0.4%, the reaction promoter group in whipping process in the S4
As sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and beryllium carbonate, three's mass ratio is 6:3:1；
Increase laser irradiation or plasma heating between S6 and S7, i.e., the carbon-point containing lime is made in S6 is placed on Bestrahlungstisch
On, carbon-point surface temperature is kept for 5-7 minutes after being higher than the temperature in semi-coke oven in 3 minutes, is then passed through seal pipe and is input to
It is reacted in electromagnetic oven；Cooling air carries out heat exchange type into hot steam in the S2, is used for subsequent drying steps；
The additive amount of binder is directly proportional to material fineness in the S4；Figure of tablet is olive shape or column, institute in the S5
The maximum gauge for stating olive shape tablet is 2cm-6cm, length 1-10cm, a diameter of 1cm-5cm of the column tablet, length
For 1-10cm.
2. a kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield according to claim 1, which is characterized in that high in the S1
Fugitive constituent coal is lignite, mud coal or coke.
3. a kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Central Plains S1
The mass ratio of C and CaO is in material：6-7:10 or C and CaCO3Mass ratio be：6-7:14.
4. a kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield according to claim 1, which is characterized in that lazy in the S3
Property gas be carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton, xenon or radon gas.
5. a kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield according to claim 1, which is characterized in that glued in the S4
Knot agent is pitch, stearic acid or sugar residue, and mixing can be added simultaneously with lime in binder in the S4.
6. a kind of preparation method effectively improving calcium carbide yield according to claim 1, which is characterized in that waved in the S6
Hair oil be how quinones, gas be hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide.
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| CN106006642A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 贵州大学 | Method for producing calcium carbide by powdery calcium oxide |
| DE102017101890A1 (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-02 | Fels-Werke Gmbh | Process for producing a molded article and molded article produced therefrom |
| CN113735126B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-07-12 | 北京化工大学 | Method for preparing calcium carbide at low temperature by utilizing electromagnetic induction technology |
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