CN101813335A - Central heating method and system using solar and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources - Google Patents
Central heating method and system using solar and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The technical scheme of the invention provides a system for implementing central heating using solar and a heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources. The system comprises a solar collector, an energy storage circulating water system, a low temperature conservation pool and a water charging system of the low temperature conservation pool, an energy delivery circulating water network, a heat pump heating system, a secondary circulating water network, a primary circulating water network and a heat exchanger. By the design method, a small-scale solar collector can collect more solar and store the heat in the low temperature conservation pool, the heat pump operates in valley time to raise the temperature of the heat in the pool and then heats secondary heating circulating water, solar is utilized in days to heat water in the pool repeatedly, and the process is repeated again and again; and if all heat exchanging stations are mounted with solar-heat pumps, the system can obtain a great amount of heat and replace a huge amount of raw coal, and the replacement amount of raw coal can be up to 30%-50% or even more. Therefore, a great amount of fuel is saved, the discharge of carbon dioxide and other flue gases and ash residues is reduced enormously, thus protecting environment and saving energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and implementation system thereof that utilizes the central heating of solar energy and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources, specifically in traditional central heating combining heating system, substitute partial fuel coal with solar energy, a large amount of consumption that reduce raw coal, a large amount of simultaneously dischargings that reduce pollutant, the zone that can be widely used in the cities and towns central heating belongs to the central heating technical field.
Background technology
Solar energy is extensive is present in the Nature, but because its grade is low, the compiling costs height, and performance driving economy is bad and do not use in the central heating field.The heat of solar energy collection at present is very ripe, and the thermal energy collecting efficient of solar energy vacuum tube can reach 95%, but with solar energy vacuum tube water directly is heated to heat supply temperature, needs great vacuum tube collector area, needs a large amount of vacuum tubes, invests huge; In addition, solar energy between property and the unstability at sunshine have also been brought difficulty to continuous heat supply absolutely.
80% is cold and heat supply and domestic hot-water supply in China's building energy consumption, is generally realized by central heating, and existing central heating provides thermal source by coal or combustion gas fully, both is converted into heat energy by carbon burning fully.Can reach corresponding effect with low-grade energy such as solar energy, geothermal energies, what use but is high-grade energy but we are a large amount of, directly with diesel oil or heating of coal burning boiler or heat supply water, " wastes one's talent on a petty job high-grade energy " especially in some places.
Solar energy is combined with central heating, realize that solar energy partly substitutes traditional heat source and the new forms of energy heat-supplying mode suitable with the traditional heat source performance driving economy.Not only can save electric energy, promptly consume small amount of electrical energy and obtain heat, and can improve the efficient of solar thermal collector effectively, reduce the area of solar energy heating, reduce initial cost times over electric energy.Technical field of solar exists serious conventional art prejudice at present, makes that the application of solar energy heating in extensive central heating is provided is obviously limited.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to adopt the mode of solar energy-heat pump system and central heating combined heat to form the new heat-supplying pattern, collect solar radiant energy by day and change into heat energy with solar thermal collector exactly, with water as heat transfer medium and heat-storage medium, utilize the heat in the paddy electricity driving water resource heat pump extraction water night, send into heating network after the heat in the water is heated up by heat pump.Solar energy and central heating are combined, strive for replacing fire coal to greatest extent, for energy-saving and emission-reduction contribute with solar energy.
Design philosophy of the present invention is that it is the sunshine-duration on daytime to utilize solar thermal collector that solar energy is collected to greatest extent, deposits in the low temperature pond, prolongs the service time of solar-heating, and the heat supply of this moment is that the heat exchanger by central heating provides; To deposit in heat (being not to be waste heat) in the low temperature pond with heat pump and extract and be used for heat supply evening, utilize the paddy electricity time at night, drive operation of heat pump, can significantly reduce operating cost.Here it is, and solar energy mixes heating system with central heating, and its mixed mode is meant daytime by central heating work, and evening is by heat pump work, and the thermal source of heat pump is to collect by solar thermal collector daytime.
Be to use daytime central heating, night to use the solar energy-heat pump heat supply, realized the combined heat of solar energy and central heating.Like this, both guaranteed when solar energy deficiency or equipment break down, still can finish heat supply by central heating system, otherwise, when central heating is broken down, also can use solar energy to continue heat supply, improved the security of heat supply; Adopt night the paddy electricity to be the heat pump power supply, improved the economy of system's operation.
The implementation method of technical solution of the present invention is: pass through solar energy vacuum tube heat collector, absorb solar heat daytime, accumulation of energy recirculated water water temperature is heated to more than 15 ℃, water after heating is put into a pond that capacity is suitable, come out send the heat extraction of in pond water into circulation water for heating with heat pump night, is client's heat supply by heating network.
The central heating method for designing that the technical program utilizes solar energy and heat pump (being called ' solar energy-heat pump system ' in the following narration) to substitute parts of traditional heat sources is:
The first step is determined thermic load (unit: W/m according to the equipment of occasion of using and user side heat radiation
2);
This thermic load, promptly the heat that need provide for a certain mean temperature of keeping space air is provided the heating demand in room (Qg), its value should equal room loss of heat amount and the difference that gets heat, promptly
Room thermal loads (Qg)=room loss of heat amount (Q mistake)-space heat gain (Q mistake)
For general civil buildings (particularly residential architecture), the heat that gets in room comprises a heat radiation such as human body, electrical equipment and cooking, for instability and quantity less heat, many generally speaking will not calculating (considering that as degree of safety what also have calculates some by construction area).At this moment room thermic load promptly is simplified to the loss of heat amount that equals this room.Be Qg=Q mistake=QW+QF.
Second step, unit of account area of heat-supply service day demand heat: thermic load * time * thermic load coefficient (equaling 3600 * 24 seconds in 1 day)
This thermic load coefficient is when the design heat demand, is by the coldest temperature design, but is not all to be every day the coldest temperature, converts actual heating load by this coefficient;
In the 3rd step, according to being that actual conditions design solar energy-heat pump system accounts for the ratio of overall heat supply, the unit's of calculating area of heat-supply service solar energy-heat pump system provides heat day thus;
The 4th step, choose suitable heat pump, determine its Energy Efficiency Ratio; And the unit's of calculating area of heat-supply service provides heat by solar thermal collector day thus;
In the 5th step, the unit of account area of heat-supply service needs the solar thermal collector area: the unit area of heat-supply service is by heat/solar thermal collector every square metre of collectable heat every day is provided solar thermal collector day;
In the 6th step, calculate the capacity of low temperature cistern: the mechanical equivalent of heat of the shared ratio/temperature difference/water of the area of required heat supply * unit are day demand heat * heat pump heat supply;
In the 7th step, calculate the required solar thermal collector gross area: the area of required heat supply * unit of account area needs the solar thermal collector area.
Design the capacity of the required solar thermal collector gross area (being scale) and low temperature cistern thus;
Preferably, the solar energy-heat pump system described in second step accounts for the ratio of overall heat supply, calculate by the paddy electricity time in the zone of implementing the technical program, specifically:
The paddy electricity average heat demand time of time/every day
Wherein: the average heat demand time of every day is 24 hours * thermic load coefficient;
The heating system of implementing this method comprises: the outdoor solar thermal collector of installation, accumulation of energy circulation, low temperature cistern, the water charging system of low temperature cistern, energy delivery cycle network of rivers network, heat pump heat distribution system, secondary cycle network of rivers network, a recirculated water network, heat exchanger.
Described solar thermal collector generally adopts solar energy vacuum tube heat collector, and solar energy is gathered on the roof that is arranged on the client, sets certain scale according to actual needs; At present, vacuum tube solar heating element is very ripe, and is widely-used in China, and collection of energy is relevant with multiple factors such as intensity of illumination, temperature, the temperature difference, and low more by the temperature that is heated water, the efficient of collection is high more, and the heat of acquisition is many more.General solar energy heating water temperature should reach more than 45 ℃, under this temperature conditions, obtains can collect about 8.64MJ heat every square metre of 6 hours every day of solar energy such as the areas of Shenyang January.If the water temperature of the accumulation of energy recirculated water after the solar energy vacuum tube heat collector heating is 20 ℃, (this temperature is not have use value under normal conditions) heated time every day can prolong two hours, and collection efficiency also improves, and can collect the about 13.8MJ of heat every day.The hot capacity gauge of solar energy can improve more than 60%,
In order to guarantee that the water (being called accumulation of energy recirculated water in this programme) in the solar thermal collector can be in the state of a relative low temperature (about 20 ℃) always, collect solar energy, cooperate solar thermal collector that a low temperature cistern is set, be communicated with by the accumulation of energy circulation between the two; Like this, accumulation of energy recirculated water ceaselessly circulates between solar thermal collector and low temperature cistern, heat-shift, and the water temperature that keeps accumulation of energy recirculated water can increase the collection efficiency of solar thermal collector greatly about 20 ℃, and the heat of the fine store collected of energy.
Described low temperature cistern, the temperature of water is circulation change between 5 ℃-20 ℃, and the temperature of surface layer soil is about 14 ℃-18 ℃, because of there not being the big temperature difference inside and outside the pond, need not the low temperature cistern is done the temperature that the insulation measure just can be preserved pool inner water for a long time, save a large amount of investments.For reducing investment, available fire cistern because of consume water not, did not have influence to security against fire when the low temperature cistern was set.As long as the cistern capacity can be accepted energy absorption with solar thermal collector every day, and guarantee that accumulation of energy recirculated water gets final product in solar thermal collector work according to aforementioned account form.
As preceding analysis, the employing of low temperature cistern has reduced the collection of energy temperature of solar thermal collector, thereby has reduced the quantity of solar thermal collector in a large number, has obtained maximum solar heat with minimum solar energy area, has reduced investment and floor space.
The energy that the stored in fact solar thermal collector of described low temperature cistern is collected is to the heat that stores, in the paddy electricity time in night, utilize heat pump to extract use, make low-grade energy be converted to high-grade energy, on the angle of economy, can save a large amount of expenses.And,, from economic angle, also can maintain an equal level, but on the angle of energy-saving and emission-reduction, use heat pump heat distribution system that tangible advantage is arranged on environmental benefit with traditional central heating system even use heat pump in the suitable peak electricity time in high and cold period.
Heat pump mainly comprises condenser, compressor, evaporimeter.Its evaporimeter one end is connected with low temperature cistern pipeline, extracts the solar energy be stored in wherein, realizes low grade heat energy is risen to required grade heat energy, thereby carries out heat supply for the client.Current water resource heat pump has been used relatively extensively in the building field scale, but the optimization of application mode generally can obtain a reasonable changing effect from conversion performance also among constantly studying and exploring.The heat pump that adopts in the technical program, its condenser output hot water maximum temperature is got 42 ℃-48 ℃, and the evaporimeter minimum temperature is got 5 ℃-10 ℃, and getting Energy Efficiency Ratio is about 4.Usually when selecting Energy Efficiency Ratio for use, consider by supply water temperature factors such as temperature at discharging condensate.The definition of Energy Efficiency Ratio is: output gross energy/input power capacity.
Secondary circulation water for heating network: condenser one end of heat pump is connected among this network, and the circulation water for heating after the heating is sent to client by secondary net water supply line;
A circulation water for heating network: what wherein connect is traditional central heating system, be connected with secondary net circulation water for heating network by heat exchanger, the heat of circulation water for heating in circulation water for heating network is delivered to secondary net circulation water for heating network, is sent to client again.
Described heat exchanger plays the effect of energy exchange once between circulation water for heating network and the secondary heat supply water recirculating network;
It is emphasized that in the process of the energy that uses heat pump extraction low temperature cistern, use the operation of paddy electricity, can reduce operating cost at night.Because the technical program is to use simultaneously with traditional central heating system, in general, closes solar energy-heat pump daytime, providing thermal source by central heating is hot user's heat supply; And heat source or part are used the central heating thermal source in the night closure set, are user's heat supply by solar energy-heat pump mainly.
This arrangement is to consider from the security of heat supply and economy, and security is to consider that solar energy is also unstable in the winter time, and heavy snow can cause shortage of heat in continuous several days; The heat pump electricity consumption drives, though energy-conservation expense is higher, the paddy electricity of using night is with regard to very economical, and the price of unit heat production is suitable with coal-fired heat production price.
Therefore, the technical program utilizes solar energy to provide the ratio of heat to be weighed by the paddy electric operation time, accounts for the 45%-50% of total amount of heat, and this ratio i.e. safety is economical again.The energy-saving and emission-reduction performance of the technical program is also very obvious, and fractional energy savings reaches 33%; Gross coal consumption rate is all added, and coal saving rate and reduction of discharging rate all reach more than 17%.Actual motion heat pump Energy Efficiency Ratio can reach more than the 4.5-5, and coal saving rate and reduction of discharging rate can reach more than 20%, and aforementioned calculation is to adopt the most conservative data.
Adopt the technical program, the quantity of solar thermal collector greatly reduces, and is more about 78% than using solar-heating to reduce fully, promptly reduced investment and reduced again and accounting for roof area.
With regard to coal saving rate and reduction of discharging rate 17%, only the Shenyang area of heat-supply service just reaches 200,000,000 square metres, more than 300 ten thousand tons in year consumption mark coal, more than 800 ten thousand tons of year CO2 dischargings; If the employing technical solution of the present invention, 570,000 tons in year saving mark coal, year subtracts CO2 and discharges 1,430,000 tons.This is a googol, if the whole nation is widely used in heat supply, that will make huge contribution for the energy-saving and emission-reduction work of China!
Can change pipe connecting method summer, realizes heat pump cooling mode operation, and pipeline is adjusted, utilizes delivering hot water's in winter pipeline, summer transporting low temperature, the evaporimeter of heat pump changes into cooling condition, for the client provides cold source of air conditioning, a tractor serves several purposes.Solar thermal collector can be produced hot water, and the hot water of a large amount of cheapnesss is provided.Winter, two seasons of summer use, and can improve utilization rate of equipment and installations greatly, reduce depreciable cost, improve economic operation level.
Advantage of the present invention: the heat that has made full use of solar energy by distributed solar energy-heat pump and central heating jointly-supplying technology, and its heat left in the accumulation of energy pond, heat secondary circulation water for heating after with paddy electricity operating heat pump the heat in the accumulation of energy pond being promoted temperature night, heat water in accumulation of energy pond with solar energy daytime again, go round and begin again, both utilized the heat of solar energy, had the economy suitable again with coal heating; When solar energy-heat pump or the arbitrary system of central heating broke down, another system still can realize heat supply, and the heat supply security is guaranteed; Also can be according to actual needs, be interrupted or open solar energy-heat pump continuously, obtain best system economy; All heat exchange stations are all installed solar energy-heat pump, and system can obtain very big heat, and a large amount of alternative raw coal, the about 30%-50% of crude coal instead amount or higher.Not only having saved fuel in a large number, and reduced the discharging of flue gases such as carbon dioxide and the discharging of lime-ash in a large number, is the effective means that reduces smoke contamination, not only environmental protection but also energy-conservation.And portion of hot is provided by solar energy in the technical program, and promptly part has been utilized the non-carbon energy---solar energy, accounts for ratio 30%-35%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a specific embodiment of the invention heat supply alliance connection diagram;
The specific embodiment
Adopting a specific embodiment below, specifically is in conjunction with the actual converted of energy the method and the implementation system process of technical scheme of the present invention to be done detailed introduction:
The technical program saving high-grade energy, is utilized the low-grade energy aspect, obtains huge economic benefit, can draw from following analysis:
With areas of Shenyang Januaries 10,000 square meter heat supply construction area heat demand is example, and the method for designing of technical solution of the present invention is applied in this example:
According at home heat supply occasion and heater unit generally speaking, keep minimum indoor temperature, get
Thermic load is 50W/m
2(1)
Unit of account area of heat-supply service day demand heat, for
50×3600×24×0.64/1000000＝2.76MJ/d.m
2 (2)
Wherein, 0.64 refers to areas of Shenyang thermic load in winter coefficient, when the design heat demand, is by the coldest temperature design, but winter be not all to be every day the coldest temperature, convert actual heating load by this coefficient, can be regarded as the annual heat demand;
Accordingly, unit plane calorific requirement 2.76 * 152/1000=0.42GJ (3) for many years
Wherein, 152 is Shenyang average heat supply fate in winter;
10,000 square metres of heating-surfaces need total amount of heat 0.42 * 10000=4200GJ (4) for many years
Under this total heat demand, distribute the heat supply ratio of solar energy-heat pump heating system and traditional central heating system, below to calculate the capacity of required solar thermal collector area of solar energy-heat pump heating system and low temperature cistern.
Weigh from economic angle, the technical program utilizes solar energy-heat pump to provide the ratio of heat to be weighed by the paddy electric operation time, according to aforementioned areas of Shenyang thermic load in winter coefficient 0.64, the average heat demand time of every day is 24 * 0.64=15.36 hour, and 23 of general nights paddy electricity time are to point in mornings 7,8/15.36=0.52, solar energy-heat pump is arranged on the 45%-50% that accounts for total amount of heat, this ratio i.e. safety is economical again.Get 45% in the present embodiment.
Under this 45% heat supply ratio, when employing has the solar energy-heat pump system of low temperature cistern, solar thermal collector every day areas of Shenyang January average every day of every square metre of collectable heat (, continuing to collect heat) because the temperature of accumulation of energy recirculated water can remain on about 20 ℃
Unit of account area of heat-supply service solar energy-heat pump system provides heat day: 2.76 * 0.45=1.24MJ/d.m
2(5)
The unit of account area of heat-supply service provides heat by solar thermal collector day: 1.24 * 3/4=0.93MJ/d.m
2(6)
Wherein, 3/4 for heat pump is that Energy Efficiency Ratio is 4 o'clock, provides the ratio of heat (promptly being stored in the low temperature cistern heat that can be extracted by heat pump) by solar thermal collector, and the input energy of other 1/4 heat pump provides.
At this moment, the unit area of heat-supply service needs solar thermal collector area 0.93/13.8=0.0674m
2(7)
Wherein, use the technical program because the use of low temperature cistern, relatively under, prolonged time of the collection solar energy of solar thermal collector, it is 13.8MJ that the promptly described areas of Shenyang January obtains solar thermal collector every square metre of collectable heat every day
10,000 square meter area of heat-supply services need solar thermal collector area 0.0674 * 10000=674m
2(8)
The volume that calculates the low temperature cistern depends on the total heat supply energy and the accumulation of energy temperature difference, as long as according to being accepted the principle that energy absorption gets final product day;
Calculate with the 5 degree temperature difference: 0.93 * 10000/5/4.18=445.7T; (9)
Wherein: 4.18 is the mechanical equivalent of heat of water;
Getting 500T gets final product; General fire-fighting just can be satisfied this demand.
What adopt in the technical program patent is solar energy-heat pump system and central heating combined heat, and solar energy-heat pump system proportion is about 45%, and other 55% uses the traditional heating mode heat supply, and energy relationship is as follows:
The solar energy-heat pump system provides heat 4200 * 45%=1890GJ (10)
Heat pump input heat 1890/4=472.5GJ (11)
Unit plane is heat dissipation pump heat 472.5/10000=0.047GJ/m for many years
2(12)
Unit are heat pump conversion power consumption 472.5 * 100/3600=13.05kwh/m
2(13)
According to unit plane for many years calorific requirement calculate:
Unit plane is rolled over electric weight 0.42 * 1000000/3600=116.7kwh (14) for many years
Traditional central heating system for 55%:
Traditional heat source provides heat 4200-1890=2310GJ (15)
Unit plane consumes traditional heat 2310/10000=0.231GJ (16) for many years
To whole system:
Unit are total heat consumption 0.231+0.047=0.278GJ (17)
Comparatively speaking:
Than complete traditional approach conserve energy 0.42-0.278=0.14GJ (18)
Than traditional approach heating energy-saving rate 0.14/0.42=33% (19)
For the low temperature cistern that does not adopt technical solution of the present invention and the situation of heat pump: in this case, be equivalent to have only 6 hours every day areas of Shenyang January (, influencing collection efficiency) because the temperature of accumulation of energy recirculated water can not be fallen
The unit area of heat-supply service needs solar thermal collector area 2.76/8.64=0.32m
2(20)
Wherein: 8.64 is areas of Shenyang January solar thermal collector average every day of every square metre of collectable heat noted earlier.
At this moment, 10,000 square meter area of heat-supply services need solar thermal collector area 0.32 * 10000=3200m
2(21)
And the employing technical solution of the present invention, needing the solar thermal collector area as 10,000 square meter area of heat-supply services as described in preceding (8) be 674m
2, save and lay nearly 5 times of area; And lay area excessive also just solar energy can not be widely used in major reason of central heating.
The distributed client that is installed in of the heat pump of technical solution of the present invention inserts at network place, the secondary cycle network of rivers, because the access point temperature is minimum, therefore can obtain maximum systematic energy efficiency ratio.The Energy Efficiency Ratio of heat pump is by supply water temperature, factors such as temperature at discharging condensate.The definition of Energy Efficiency Ratio is: output gross energy/input power capacity, and heat pump condenser output hot water maximum temperature is got 45 ℃ in the present embodiment, and the evaporimeter minimum temperature is got 7 ℃, and getting Energy Efficiency Ratio is 4.
Heat pump power output 50 * 10000/1000000=0.5MW (22)
Wherein, 50W/m
2Be foregoing thermic load; 10000m is the area of heat-supply service in the present embodiment;
Heat pump input power 0.5/4=0.125MW (23)
Heat pump year input heat 0.125 * 3600 * 24 * 152 * 0.64=0.105, ten thousand GJ (24)
Unit are annual heat consumption 0.105/10000=0.105GJ/m
2(25)
Unit plane is power consumption 0.105 * 1000000/3600=29kwh/m for many years
2(26)
Provide 45% heat Calculation by the solar energy-heat pump system in the present embodiment, consistent with result in (13).
29×45％＝13.05kwh/m
2 (27)
The technical program saving high-grade energy, is utilized the low-grade energy aspect, obtains huge economic benefit, can draw from above analysis.
The heating plant of implementing this method comprises: the outdoor solar thermal collector 1 of installation, accumulation of energy circulation, low temperature cistern 2, the water charging system of low temperature cistern, energy delivery cycle network of rivers network, heat pump heat distribution system 3,4, recirculated water networks 6 of secondary cycle network of rivers network, heat exchanger 5.
The energy-storage system course of work: as shown in Figure 1, on the daytime that arranged sunshine, solar thermal collector 1 receives the radiation of the sun, heats the accumulation of energy recirculated water of the low temperature cistern of being sent by solar energy water circulating pump 10 2, detailed process is: water circulating pump 10 work, and stop valve 11,12 is opened; The water warp of low temperature cistern 2 is sent into solar thermal collector 1 through stop valve 12, solar energy water circulating pump 10, check valve 13, after radiation is heated, gets back to low temperature cistern 2 through stop valve 11.Through the heating of daytime, the water temperature of low temperature cistern 2 is heated to more than 25 ℃.
Heat pump heat supply mode: as shown in Figure 1, start evaporimeter water circulating pump 21, start circulation water for heating pump 41, start heat pump compressor 31; Stop valve 22,23,24 is opened, water in the low temperature cistern 2 enters evaporator with heat pump 32 through valve 22, flowed out behind the evaporator with heat pump 32 absorption heats, get back to low temperature cistern 2 through stop valve 24, evaporimeter water circulating pump 21, check valve 25, valve 16, the power of this circulation is provided by evaporimeter water circulating pump 21; Working medium liquid in the evaporator with heat pump 32 obtains the heat start vaporizer of water in the low temperature cistern 2, and the temperature of water at low temperature is by sending low temperature cistern 2 after being reduced to 10 ℃ more than 25 ℃ back to; Working medium liquid steam in the evaporator with heat pump 32 is sent into heat pump condenser 33 after heat pump compressor 31 compressions are boosted, heat pump condenser 33 discharges temperature more than 50 ℃ to secondary circulation water for heating network 4, and the secondary circulation water for heating of 40 ℃ of following temperature is heated to 50 ℃; The secondary circulation water for heating is under the promotion of heat supply circulating pump 41, behind stop valve 42, heat supply circulating pump 41, stop valve 43, heat pump condenser 33, stop valve 44, stop valve 45, heat exchanger 5, stop valve 46, check valve 47, stop valve 48, manage output by secondary circulation water for heating pipe and deliver to client, and reenter the circulation of secondary circulation water for heating network 4.A circulation water for heating network 6 of the opposite side of heat exchanger 5 is in closed condition at this moment, and stop valve 28 and stop valve 29 are closed.Be that heat exchanger is not to 4 heating of secondary circulation water for heating network.
Heat exchanger mode of heating: start circulation water for heating pump 41, open stop valve 61, stop valve 62, circulation water for heating network 6 job, heat pump 3 is closed, current in the secondary circulation water for heating network 4 can not get heating when heat pump condenser 33, when flowing through heat exchanger 3, the water in 40 ℃ of secondary circulation water for heating networks 4 is heated to 50 ℃ by heat exchanger 5; Under the promotion of heat supply circulating pump 41, client is delivered in pipe output behind stop valve 42, heat supply circulating pump 41, stop valve 43, heat pump condenser 33, stop valve 44, stop valve 45, heat exchanger 5, stop valve 46, check valve 47, stop valve 48, and reenters the circulation of secondary circulation water for heating network 4.
Mix heat-supplying mode: start evaporimeter water circulating pump 21, start circulation water for heating pump 41, start heat pump compressor 31, open valve 61, valve 61, the heat pump course of work is as described in the heat pump heat supply mode, the heat exchanger course of work such as heat exchanger mode of heating, the water endless form is also identical, and at this moment the water in the secondary circulation water for heating network 4 is heated through twice, for the first time by heat pump 3 heating, for the second time by heat exchanger 5 heating, be heated to temperature requiredly, this mode can obtain higher heat supply temperature.
Operational mode: daytime, open energy-storage system, allow the water temperature of low temperature cistern rise to 20 ℃ from 10 ℃, use paddy electricity operating heat pump night, convert the energy in the cistern to be used for heating secondary net circulation water for heating heat by heat pump, the paddy electricity time at night is by the heat pump heat supply; Daytime, both secondary net circulation water for heating was by the heat exchanger heating of central heating by the heat supply of central heating heat exchanger.The unit cost of this operational mode acquisition heat is more lower slightly than the unit cost that coal-fired mode obtains heat, therefore has excellent economy, and promotional value is arranged.Heat pump uses the paddy electricity night simultaneously, and daytime is out of service, and electrical network is had good regulating action.This operational mode can realize most economical operation according to client's actual needs.
The failure operation mode:
If heat pump breaks down, can close stop valve 43, stop valve 44, open stop valve 491, water in the secondary circulation water for heating network 4 is by heat exchanger 5 heating, and the assurance heat supply is normally carried out, and can handle heat pump 3 faults this moment, pending fault is got rid of, and recovers former heat supply situation again;
If the heat exchanger system fault can be closed stop valve 45, stop valve 46, open stop valve 492, water in the secondary circulation water for heating network 4 is heated by heat pump, and the assurance heat supply is normally carried out, and can handle heat exchanger 5 faults this moment, pending fault is got rid of, and recovers former heat supply situation again.
Solar energy-heat pump and central heating co-feeding system because solar energy substituted raw coal in a large number, a large amount of minimizings the discharging of pollutants such as carbon dioxide, can obtain good effects of energy saving and emission reduction.The area that the alternative amount apparent sun of solar energy can heat collector 1 and the capacity of low temperature cistern 2 and decide are about general alternative 30%-50%.Bigger solar energy substitutes amount and makes that investment is huge, and economy descends, moreover security is also not enough.
In sum, more than be preferred embodiment of the present invention only, be not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the central heating method for designing of solar energy and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources,
The first step is determined thermic load according to the equipment of occasion of using and user side heat radiation;
Second step, unit of account area day demand heat: thermic load * time * thermic load coefficient;
This thermic load coefficient is the parameter of converting actual heating load when the design heat demand;
It is characterized in that:
In the 3rd step, according to being that actual conditions design solar energy-heat pump system accounts for the ratio of overall heat supply, the unit's of calculating area of heat-supply service solar energy-heat pump system provides heat day thus;
The 4th step, choose heat pump, determine its Energy Efficiency Ratio; And the unit's of calculating area of heat-supply service provides heat by solar thermal collector day thus;
In the 5th step, the unit of account area needs the solar thermal collector area: the unit area of heat-supply service is by heat/solar thermal collector every square metre of collectable heat every day is provided solar thermal collector day;
In the 6th step, calculate the capacity of low temperature cistern: the mechanical equivalent of heat of the shared ratio/temperature difference/water of the area of required heat supply * unit are day demand heat * heat pump heat supply;
In the 7th step, calculate the required solar thermal collector gross area: the area of required heat supply * unit of account area needs the solar thermal collector area.
2. the central heating method for designing of solar energy as claimed in claim 1 and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources, it is characterized in that: the sun energy-heat pump described in described the 3rd step accounts for the ratio of overall heat supply, the paddy electricity time by the zone of implementing the technical program calculates, specifically: the paddy electricity average heat demand time of time/every day; The average heat demand time of described every day is 24 hours * thermic load coefficient.
3. the central heating method for designing of solar energy as claimed in claim 1 and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources is characterized in that: the temperature difference in described the 6th step is got 5 ℃ of calculating.
4. utilize the implementation system of the central heating of solar energy and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources, it is characterized in that: comprise solar thermal collector, the accumulation of energy circulation, the low temperature cistern, the water charging system of low temperature cistern, energy delivery cycle network of rivers network, heat pump heat distribution system, secondary cycle network of rivers network, a recirculated water network, heat exchanger;
Described solar thermal collector is arranged on the open air, by the described method for designing of claim 1 predetermined scale is set according to actual needs;
Described low temperature cistern actual needs is provided with predetermined scale by the described method for designing of claim 1, by accumulation of energy circulation and solar thermal collector UNICOM;
Described heat pump comprises condenser, compressor, evaporimeter; Its evaporimeter one end is connected with low temperature cistern pipeline by energy delivery cycle network of rivers network, extracts the solar energy that is stored in wherein;
Secondary circulation water for heating network: condenser one end of heat pump is connected among this network, and the circulation water for heating after the heating is sent to client by secondary net water supply line;
A circulation water for heating network: what wherein connect is traditional central heating system, be connected with secondary net circulation water for heating network by heat exchanger, the heat of circulation water for heating in circulation water for heating network is delivered to secondary net circulation water for heating network, is sent to client again;
Described heat exchanger plays the effect of energy exchange once between circulation water for heating network and the secondary heat supply water recirculating network.
5. as utilizing the implementation system of the central heating of solar energy and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that: its condenser output hot water maximum temperature of described heat pump is got 42 ℃-48 ℃, the evaporimeter minimum temperature is got 5 ℃-10 ℃, and getting Energy Efficiency Ratio is 4-5.
6. as utilizing the implementation system of the central heating of solar energy and heat pump to replace parts of traditional heat sources as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that: its condenser output hot water maximum temperature of described heat pump is got 45 ℃, and the evaporimeter minimum temperature is got 7 ℃, and getting Energy Efficiency Ratio is 4.
7. using method as system as described in the claim 3 is characterized in that: in paddy in the electricity time, and the operating heat pump system.
8. the using method as system as described in the claim 7 is characterized in that: simultaneously, open traditional central heating system, together operation.
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| CN105258488A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-01-20 | 广东石油化工学院 | Solar energy and heat pump combined drying system and drying method |
| CN105352023A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-24 | 宋世海 | Secondary heat exchange and heat supply system having low-valley electrical heating energy storage |
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| CN115119519B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2024-01-02 | 广东芬尼克兹节能设备有限公司 | Water temperature control method, device, equipment and storage medium of swimming pool heat pump system |
| CN116776512A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-09-19 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Pipe network loss determination method based on unit area energy consumption |
| CN115307317A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-08 | 合肥美的暖通设备有限公司 | Heat treatment method and apparatus |
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