CN106500399A - A kind of energy-storage type heat pump or air-conditioning - Google Patents
A kind of energy-storage type heat pump or air-conditioning Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of energy-storage type heat pump or air-conditioning, it is characterised in that：Including the first heat pump (1), energy storage module (2), the second heat pump (3), HVAC end system (4)；It is a kind of preferential utilization natural energy resources, paddy electricity, waste heat used heat and accumulation of energy means, the working condition for optimizing heat pump, realizes the efficient, system of the refrigerating/heating of low cost movement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preferential utilization natural energy resources, paddy electricity, waste heat used heat and accumulation of energy means, the working condition of optimization heat pump, realize the efficient, system of the refrigerating/heating of low cost movement.Belong to the technical field of natural energy resources utilization, refrigerating/heating heat pump or design of air conditioning and manufacture.
Background technology
Building energy consumption refers to the energy consumption during building use, including heating, air-conditioning, illumination, hot water, household electrical appliance and other power consumptions.Wherein, based on heating and air conditioning energy consumption, the 50% to 70% of building total energy consumption is accounted for.
The heating ventilation air-conditioning system of design energy saving building, the utilization for how reducing by a high-grade energy is a crucial technical problem.It is undoubtedly a kind of successful conservation measures using the low grade heat energy in soil, solar energy, water, air, heat pump techniques are the optimal selections for realizing this target at present.Low-grade natural energy resources are promoted to by being input into less high-grade energy the high-grade energy of suitable energy for building（Such as refrigeration, heating, domestic hot-water）.
According to the thermodynamic cycle mode of heat pump, heat pump is divided into steam compression heat pump, gas compression formula heat pump, steam jet heat pump, absorption heat pump, thermo-electric heat pump generally.Wherein, steam compression heat pump is in research and most commonly used mode at present, according to the species of its low-temperature heat source for using, belongs to substantially air source heat pump, earth source heat pump, four type of water resource heat pump and solar heat pump：
1st, air source heat pump：Using outdoor air as Lowlevel thermal energy, it is convenient to obtain, and equipment is essentially all to be coupled with source pump using a gas liquid exchanger, and hardly environment is impacted.Therefore the system has the advantages that system composition simple, year long operational time, initial outlay be relatively low, Technical comparing is ripe, suitable in microclimate condition, particularly the relatively mild area of winter climate, is a kind of outstanding power-economizing method of cost performance.But the shortcoming of the system is also to project very much, outdoor air is continually changing with the change in season, temperature, humidity the impact to thermal source substantially, the yearly efficiency of heat pump is unstable.The demand trend contrast of the area of larger or winter weather cold in humidity, the change of its heating capacity and heating load, temperature is low, high humidity can be such that heat pump efficiency substantially reduces, or even cannot work.The frosting problem of evaporator with heat pump has become very big technology barrier in energy-conservation.
2nd, earth source heat pump：Using the low grade heat energy stored in shallow surface（Soil, stratum, underground water）Used as thermal source, winter heat pump takes heat from the soil of shallow-layer, for building heating, while storing cold in case summer grade；Heat in building is transferred to underground and building is lowered the temperature by summer heat pump antikinesis, while storing heat in case winter use, therefore this is a kind of energy that can typically regenerate.Advantage is technology maturation；Operation of heat pump is efficient, stable, and less to surrounding environment influence, maintenance cost is low.Have the disadvantage：The coefficient of heat transfer carried between energy fluid and the soil outside pipe in underground buried tube is little, and energy-flux density is low, and therefore system will occupy larger underground and aboveground space, and initial outlay is higher.Although earth source heat pump can be preferably using natural energy resources and stable operation, its more difficult utilization paddy electricity is reducing operating cost.
3rd, water resource heat pump：Water resource heat pump is similar to earth source heat pump, and which has the disadvantage that it will be subject to limiting for the factor such as available water condition, the geologic structure of water layer, water resource Distursement and energy resource structure and price.
4th, solar heat pump：Solar heat pump is different from common solar energy direct heating system, also different from the source pump driven with solar photoelectric or heat energy power-generating, but by the use of solar thermal collector as the coupling heat pump system of evaporimeter thermal source.Clean energy, safety, hardly pollute to environment generation environment.But solar energy there are problems that energy density low, intermittent with instable, limit this system and extensively apply.
, typically using Energy Efficiency Ratio as the foundation for passing judgment on efficiency, the index adopted when heating is cycle performance coefficient COP (Coefficient for air-conditioning and heat pump
of Performance)；The index adopted during refrigeration is trapped energy theory（Energy Efficiency Ratio）.
The following is the test data of certain air source heat pump：
During cooling in summer：35 DEG C of environment temperature, output end supply and return water temperature are 7 DEG C/12 DEG C, and EER numerical value is 3.5 or so；
During winter heating：7 DEG C of environment temperature, output end supply and return water temperature are 45 DEG C/40 DEG C, and COP numerical value is 3.5 or so；
The Energy Efficiency Ratio of air source heat pump is affected larger by environmental factor, and in the case that environment is suitable, between 3 to 4, but when environmental condition is more severe, Energy Efficiency Ratio drops between 2 to 3 Energy Efficiency Ratio numerical value, even lower；With the decline of Energy Efficiency Ratio, the operating mode of source pump also tends to deteriorate.
Earth source heat pump, the Energy Efficiency Ratio of water resource heat pump are affected less by environmental factor, and Energy Efficiency Ratio numerical value is between 4 to 6.
On the other hand, as the rule of mankind's activity causes energy usage amount to assume huge peak valley fluctuation in the range of whole day, therefore energy accumulating technique becomes a kind of important energy saving means for realizing peak load shifting.
Thermal energy storage material mainly divides three major types：Sensible heat storage material, latent heat storage material and chemical reaction thermal storage material：
1st, the sensible heat heat accumulation method of operation is simple, with low cost, long service life, and pyroconductivity is high, but its quantity of heat storage is little and not constant temperature during heat release；
2nd, hidden heat energy storage is also referred to as phase-change accumulation energy, and energy storage density is more than sensible heat energy storage, and exothermic temperature is constant, has the disadvantage that heat-storage medium typically has the shortcomings that supercooling, phase separation and thermal conductivity factor are less, easily aging；
3rd, chemical reaction energy storage is a kind of high-energy, highdensity storing mode, and its energy storage density is all higher than typically sensible heat and latent heat, is easy for chronic energy storage, but which the shortcomings of have technical sophistication, one-time investment big and not high whole efficiency in practicality;
At present, phase change energy storage technology reaches its maturity, and its combination property and cost performance are all higher, is a kind of effective technical method for realizing peak load shifting.
Realize that the major programme of peak load shifting is using centralized cold-storage/accumulation of heat by energy accumulating technique at present：
Cool Storage Technology is stored in rear night letter net load valley period ice making or cold water and cool storage mediums such as ice or water, cold is discharged and is converted into cold air conditioner on daytime or network load peak period in eve.
Heat storage technology is the rear night letter net load valley period, and its heat energy is used for producing or living in steam or hot water heat accumulator by the thermal energy storage produced by electric boiler or electric heater on daytime or network load peak period in eve.
But such system there is also some shortcomings：
1st, concentration energy accumulation mode is taken, and initial investment is larger；
2nd, energy-storage system design is relative complex with regulation, is difficult to reach optimal efficiency when mating with heating ventilation air-conditioning system；
3rd, nighttime ambient temperature is relatively low, combines paddy electricity cold accumulation effects using low level natural energy resources preferable；But using during paddy electricity accumulation of heat, it is more difficult to which, using low level natural heat energy, efficiency is restricted.
4th, a kind of energy-accumulation material is difficult to while realizing efficient accumulation of heat and cold-storage, comprehensive utilization ratio is relatively low.
In sum, if individually taking any power-economizing method, can all there are some shortcomings, can not comprehensively play its effect, therefore multiple methods should organically be combined, be learnt from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, so as to reach optimal application effect.
Reference：
1. across season accumulating type earth source heat pump underground accumulation of energy is with release can characteristic
Author：Yang Weibo, Chen Zhenqian, Shi Mingheng Southeast China University journal (natural science edition) the 5th phase in September, 2010 of volume 40
2. Chinese patent " the energy-conservation dual temperature air-conditioning system that a kind of solar energy, natural cold-energy and low ebb are electrically coupled "
102434929 B of Authorization Notice No. CN
3. Chinese patent " heat pump air-conditioning system combining air source heat pump with small temperature difference heat exchange tail end "
103307674 A of application publication number CN.
Content of the invention
The solution of the present invention is preferentially using natural energy resources and paddy electricity, converts low-density natural energy resources by energy-accumulation material and saves as the sustainable highdensity middle energy for stably utilizing, so as to reduce the operating cost of heating ventilation air-conditioning system.
Concrete technical scheme is：The present invention includes the first heat pump 1, energy storage module 2, the second heat pump 3, HVAC end system 4；
Its workflow is：
First heat pump 1 can be air source heat pump, air-conditioning, earth source heat pump, water resource heat pump；
First, the first heat pump 1（Paddy electricity heat pump）Run in the paddy electricity period, the first heat pump 1 extracts low level natural energy resources, is converted into the middle position energy and is transported to energy storage module 2 and store for future use；
Then, the second heat pump 3（Accumulation of energy source heat pump）24 hour operation, the second heat pump 3 extract the middle position energy of storage in energy storage module 2, are converted into the high-order energy and are transported to HVAC end system 4；
Wherein：
Energy storage module 2 includes that the storage body for the middle position cold heat energy for storing, storage body have accumulation of heat, two kinds of functions of cold-storage simultaneously and freely can change；
First heat pump 1 includes that middle-low grade refrigeration, middle-low grade heat two kinds of output modes, and output end is connected with energy storage module 2 by pipeline, supplements cold heat amount to the storage body of energy storage module 2；
Second heat pump 3 includes that high-grade refrigeration, high-grade heat two kinds of output modes, and input is connected with energy storage module 2 by pipeline, extracts cold heat amount and be promoted to high-grade energy for the use of air conditioning terminal system from the storage body of energy storage module 2；
Also, in a heating mode, it is possible to use auxiliary regenerator device is 2 additional heat of energy storage module；Described assisted heating device includes solar energy auxiliary regenerator device, paddy electricity electric heater unit or used heat or residual heat resources regenerative apparatus.
As shown in figure 1, the first heat pump 1 at least includes the first output end heat exchanger T11,
Energy storage module 2 at least includes storage body, the second input heat exchanger T21, the second output end heat exchanger T22；
Second heat pump 3 at least includes the 3rd input heat exchanger T31, the 3rd output end heat exchanger T32；
In cooling mode, exported by the first output heat exchanger T11 after natural energy resources heat pump extracts cold（Low level is circulated）；
Cold is conveyed to energy storage module 2 by the circulation of T11, L11, T21, L12 to store；
Then, cold is conveyed to by the second heat pump 3 by the circulation of T22, L21, T31, L22；
Second heat pump 3 is exported and is used to HVAC end system 4 by the 3rd output heat exchanger T32 so as to extract high-order cold（High-order circulation）.
In a heating mode, exported by the first output heat exchanger T11 after natural energy resources heat pump extracts heat（Low level is circulated）；
Heat is conveyed to energy storage module 2 by the circulation of T11, L11, T21, L12 to store；
Then, heat is conveyed to by the second heat pump 3 by the circulation of T22, L21, T31, L22；
Second heat pump 3 is exported and is used to HVAC end system 4 by the 3rd output heat exchanger T32 so as to extract high-order heat（High-order circulation）.
In the case of conditions permit, it is also possible to which the first output end heat exchanger T11 of the first heat pump 1 is set directly among energy storage module 2 directly carries out heat exchange, to omit the module of intermediate heat transfer.
In addition, as shown in Figure 2, second heat pump 3 also includes domestic hot-water output end heat exchanger T33, hot water supply system 6 is supplied for heating domestic hot water to use, heat is conveyed to domestic hot-water's accumulation of heat module 5 by the circulation of T33, L33, T41, L34 and is stored by water or other medium of second heat pump 3 by domestic hot-water's output end heat exchanger T33 outputs higher than 60 DEG C.Domestic hot-water's accumulation of heat module 5 can be hot water storage tank or with phase transition temperature higher than 50 DEG C of phase-change heat-storage material accumulation of heat module.Include the 4th input heat exchanger T41, the 4th output end heat exchanger T42 in domestic hot-water's accumulation of heat module 5；4th output end heat exchanger T42 connects hot water supply system 6, and domestic hot-water is heated.
In Fig. 1 Fig. 2, L11, L12, L21, L22, L31, L32, L33, L34, L41, L42 are connecting line.
Due to the presence of peak valley difference, general heat pump is to design input power and power output by maximum peak load, but the duration of peaking time of any type building is not long, and per day load is generally only peak load 1/2 or 1/3 or lower.If air-conditioning system is real-time system, based on meeting Real-time Load, then design power is bound to higher.The energy storage module 2 of the larger scale of construction is designed with technical scheme, and the present invention is designed according to delayed time system.Energy storage and with can process is substantially independent, do not interfere with each other in delayed time system；And two processes all have higher Energy Efficiency Ratio, stable, realize peak load shifting.
First heat pump 1 can be air source heat pump, air-conditioning, earth source heat pump, water resource heat pump.For most area, the day and night temperature at generally 10 DEG C or so of the outdoor temperature temperature difference round the clock, soil and water source is less, therefore heat pump is little in the performance difference of paddy electricity period and non-paddy electricity period, so making full use of the paddy electricity period to work, is an effective method for reducing operation of heat pump cost.
The accumulation of energy temperature range of the storage body in energy storage module 2 is set as between 16-30 DEG C that stored energy belongs to the cold heat amount of middle-low grade；Following two forms can be adopted：
1st, storage body adopts phase-changing energy storage material, phase transition temperature to be set as between 16-30 DEG C；（During suction/heat release, temperature is usually no more than 5 DEG C in the upper and lower fluctuation within a narrow range of transformation temperature）；
2nd, storage body adopts sensible heat energy storage material, and during operation, temperature fluctuates between 16-30 DEG C；Energy storage module 2 can be arranged in body of wall, below ground decoration layer, in basement or superficial stratum.（During suction/heat release, temperature fluctuation amplitude is larger, is usually no more than 15 DEG C）
As the storage/exoergic cycle of energy storage module 2 is substantially that therefore the accumulation of energy total amount of storage body, on the basis of system design daily load value, at least should should be set as more than the 50% of daily load value and be designed according to respective characteristic is built in units of day：
When building end peak load and being higher with paddy electricity period registration, the situation of the first heat pump 1 and the second operating simultaneously of heat pump 3 is more, therefore the accumulation of energy total amount of energy storage module 2 can be reduced, while the input power of the first heat pump 1 should be increased, to improve the fan-out capability of the first heat pump 1；
When building end peak load and being relatively low with paddy electricity period registration, the situation of the first heat pump 1 and the second operating simultaneously of heat pump 3 is less；Therefore the accumulation of energy total amount of energy storage module 2 should be increased, while the input power of the first heat pump 1 can be reduced；
Also, as per day load also assumes the fluctuation of periodicity peak valley within the annual cycle, the storage body in energy storage module 2 can be split as the individuality of multiple serial or parallel connections, all or part of storage body is opened according to the change of load, preferably realize that load mates.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1st, the first continuous running under nominal power of heat pump 1, as the period of paddy electricity is longer, the input power of the first heat pump 1 is relatively small, simple structure, can not need frequency conversion adjustment device for high；
2nd, the second heat pump 3 is worked based on energy storage module 2, and Energy Efficiency Ratio is high and very stable, therefore can just tackle peak load with less input power, the fluctuation that can tackle end load by means such as variable frequency adjustments；
3rd, by auxiliary regenerator means, the system ability to ward off risks is not only increased, it is also possible to further reduce operating cost；
4th, the technical program be particularly suited for and meanwhile have refrigeration, the heating ventilation air-conditioning system of heating needs, while the heating ventilation air-conditioning system for only freezing or heating simple function can also be applied to.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1：The schematic diagram of the present invention
Accompanying drawing 2：The schematic diagram of the present invention（Comprising hot water supply system）
Accompanying drawing 3：In hot-summer and cold-winter area refrigeration season running status figure when first heat pump 1 is air source heat pump（Phase-changing energy-storing）
Accompanying drawing 4：In hot-summer and cold-winter area heating season running status figure when first heat pump 1 is air source heat pump（Phase-changing energy-storing）
Accompanying drawing 5：In cold district refrigeration season running status figure when first heat pump 1 is air source heat pump（Phase-changing energy-storing）
Accompanying drawing 6：In cold district heating season running status figure when first heat pump 1 is air source heat pump（Phase-changing energy-storing）
Accompanying drawing 7：Structure chart when first heat pump 1 is air source heat pump（The sensible heat accumulation of energy of superficial stratum）
Accompanying drawing 8：First heat pump 1 is the structure chart of earth source heat pump or water resource heat pump（Phase-changing energy-storing）.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
Refrigerating/heating application of first heat pump 1 for air source heat pump（Hot-summer and cold-winter area）
Relatively, therefore the phase-changing energy storage material phase transition temperature in energy storage module 2 is set as 23 DEG C for hot-summer and cold-winter area cooling in summer load, winter heating's load, takes 20 DEG C/summer of indoor temperature winter, 26 DEG C of the centre of most energy-conservation.
When summer accumulation of energy is sufficient, phase-changing energy storage material main body is solid-state, and mean temperature is less than phase transition temperature, and bulk temperature mainly changes between 20-24 DEG C；
When winter accumulation of energy is sufficient, phase-changing energy storage material main body is liquid, and mean temperature is higher than phase transition temperature, and bulk temperature mainly changes between 22-26 DEG C；
Air conditioning terminal system be fan coil, supply and return water temperature value be cooling in summer when for 7/12 DEG C, winter heating when be 40/35 DEG C.
According to average load 40W/, daily load 40W/ * 12H=0.48kWH/；That is 0.48*3600=1728KJ/；
Energy storage materials of phase change energy storage density 300KJ/L calculating is pressed, the volume ratio for storing the energy demand for meeting daily load is
(1728KJ/)/(300KJ/L)=5.67L/,
The energy storage materials of phase change for only needing to 567 liters can just store the application region recycling that enough energy supply 100 square metres.As can be seen here, only need to take little space in building for the energy storage module 2 that main body is constituted by energy storage materials of phase change.
During cooling in summer：（As shown in Figure 3）
Less than 30 DEG C, the temperature for supplementing cold is set as 23-5=18 DEG C to the outdoor temperature of night paddy electricity period afterwards；The temperature difference between air-source and target is less than 12 degree, and the operational efficiency of the first heat pump 1 is very high；Therefore, it is easier using paddy electricity cold-storage, energy storage module 2 is stored completely completely in the paddy electricity period, need not be using the cold-storage measure of auxiliary.At the initial stage and latter stage in refrigeration season, now the daily load of system is less, can suitably reduce the accumulation of energy amount of energy storage module 2.
In the range of whole day, extract the middle position cold stored in energy storage module 2, be converted into high-order cold and be transported to HVAC end system 4 and use by the second heat pump 3.
Now, 3 input temperature of the second heat pump is 23-25 DEG C, and output end temperature is 12 DEG C, and the temperature difference between source and target is less than 12 degree, and the operational efficiency of the second heat pump 3 is also very high.
As process of cool is completed all of paddy electricity, the operating cost of system is lower than common air source heat pump.
During winter heating：（As shown in Figure 4）
The outdoor mean temperature of night paddy electricity period is 0 DEG C afterwards, and the temperature of additional heat is set as 23+5=28 DEG C；The temperature difference between air-source and target is 25-35 degree, and the first heat pump 1 can be with even running；
In the range of whole day, extract the middle position heat stored in energy storage module 2, be converted into high-order heat and be transported to HVAC end system 4 and use by the second heat pump 3.
Now, 3 input temperature of the second heat pump is 21-23 DEG C, and output end temperature is 40 DEG C, and the temperature difference between source and target is less than 20 degree, and the operational efficiency of the second heat pump 3 is higher.
Due to the heat pump efficiency of accumulation of heat pattern lower than cold-storage pattern, therefore if necessary（Freeze-up）The accumulation of heat means of auxiliary should be adopted.Main auxiliary regenerator means be using solar energy hot-cast socket daytime be 2 additional heat of energy storage module.Due to energy storage module 2 storage heat quality relatively low, therefore different from common solar energy hot systems, it is only necessary to circulatory mediator be heated to 30 DEG C or so i.e. available, significantly improve hence with rate.When solar energy auxiliary regenerator can undertake more than 30% regenerative load, the stability of whole system strengthens, and operating cost also declines a lot.
Embodiment 2：
Refrigerating/heating application of first heat pump 1 for air source heat pump（Cold district）
Cold district answers emphasis to consider the application demand of winter heating based on winter heating, supplemented by cooling in summer, therefore.
According to the weather conditions of cold district, it is the performance for balancing two-stage heat pump, not only without improving phase-changing energy storage material phase transition temperature, can suitably reduces phase-changing energy storage material phase transition temperature on the contrary.Therefore, the phase-changing energy storage material phase transition temperature in energy storage module 2 is set as 18 DEG C, to adapt to winter relatively low outdoor temperature, and takes into account the even running of the first heat pump 1 and the second heat pump 3.
And suitably reduce phase-changing energy storage material phase transition temperature, it is more favorable under extreme environmental conditions, heat is filled to energy storage module 2 using solar energy.
When summer accumulation of energy is sufficient, phase-changing energy storage material main body is solid-state, and mean temperature is less than phase transition temperature, and bulk temperature mainly changes between 15-19 DEG C；
When winter accumulation of energy is sufficient, phase-changing energy storage material main body is liquid, and mean temperature is higher than phase transition temperature, and bulk temperature mainly changes between 17-21 DEG C；
Air conditioning terminal system be fan coil, supply and return water temperature value be cooling in summer when for 7/12 DEG C, winter heating when be 40/35 DEG C.（The accumulation of energy amount of storage body is chosen substantially the same manner as Example 1）
During cooling in summer：（As shown in Figure 5）
Less than 25 DEG C, the temperature for supplementing cold is set as 18-3=15 DEG C to the outdoor temperature of night paddy electricity period afterwards；The temperature difference between air-source and target is less than 12 degree, and the operational efficiency of the first heat pump 1 is very high；Therefore, it is easier using paddy electricity cold-storage, energy storage module 2 is stored completely completely in the paddy electricity period, need not be using the cold-storage measure of auxiliary.At the initial stage and latter stage in refrigeration season, now the daily load of system is less, can suitably reduce the accumulation of energy amount of energy storage module 2.
In the range of whole day, extract the middle position cold stored in energy storage module 2, be converted into high-order cold and be transported to HVAC end system 4 and use by the second heat pump 3.
Now, 3 input temperature of the second heat pump is 18-20 DEG C, and output end temperature is 12 DEG C, and the temperature difference between source and target is less than 10 degree, and the operational efficiency of the second heat pump 3 is also very high.
As process of cool is completed all of paddy electricity, the operating cost of system is lower than common air source heat pump.
During winter heating：（As shown in Figure 6）
The outdoor mean temperature of night paddy electricity period is -5 to -30 DEG C afterwards, and the temperature of additional heat is set as 18+5=23 DEG C；The temperature difference between air-source and target is 25-50 degree, and reduction that the first heat pump 1 can be with even running but with environment temperature, the service condition of heat pump also tend to deteriorate；
In the range of whole day, extract the middle position heat stored in energy storage module 2, be converted into high-order heat and be transported to HVAC end system 4 and use by the second heat pump 3.
Now, 3 input temperature of the second heat pump is 16-18 DEG C, and output end temperature is 40 DEG C, and the temperature difference between source and target is less than 25 degree, and the operational efficiency of the second heat pump 3 is higher.
As the first heat pump 1 is less efficient under accumulation of heat pattern, system operation bottleneck is easily become, therefore should adopt the accumulation of heat means of auxiliary.Main auxiliary regenerator means be using solar energy hot-cast socket daytime be 2 additional heat of energy storage module.Meanwhile, it is to tackle freeze-up solar irradiance to decline the impact with unfavourable weather condition, in addition it is also necessary to add the module of paddy electricity auxiliary electrical heater accumulation of heat, with the stability and the ability to ward off risks of strengthening system.
Middle low level accumulation of heat not only can improve the utilization rate of solar energy, it is also possible to overcome the shortcoming of sun stabilizability difference.
For severe cold area, the accumulation of energy amount that can suitably increase energy storage module 2 are equipped with ratio, can reach the 150-200% of design load, bigger mobility is exchanged for this, tackle the higher situation of night thermic load.
Under worst night service condition, the COP of air source heat pump is very low, even below 2, decline than normal COP levels a lot, and this period is also often the house class architecture indoor heating load higher period, therefore electricity auxiliary heating is a kind of necessary supplementary means in freeze-up, but strictly controls electrically heated ratio and preferentially using paddy electricity on designing.
Embodiment 3：
Refrigerating/heating application of first heat pump 1 for air source heat pump（As shown in Figure 7）
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1,2, and energy storage module 2 adopts sensible heat energy storage, and sensible heat energy storage density is relatively low, and therefore volume is larger, typically may be disposed among basement or superficial stratum.
In addition, energy storage module 2 with Integration of building, can also be arranged in the body of wall of building or under ground decoration layer.
According to the characteristics of sensible heat accumulation of energy, designed temperature difference is 10-15 DEG C, law level energy in storage；
When summer accumulation of energy is sufficient, 2 mean temperature of energy storage module is 15 DEG C, and bulk temperature mainly changes between 15-25 DEG C；
When winter accumulation of energy is sufficient, 2 mean temperature of energy storage module is 25 DEG C, and bulk temperature mainly changes between 25-15 DEG C；
For ensureing energy storage effect, using the outside of the covering storage body of thermal insulation layer 8, reduce heat and scatter and disappear.
Wherein, sensible heat energy-accumulation material is by taking sandstone as an example：Density 2500KG/m3, specific heat 1.4KJ/ (KG* DEG C)
According to average load 40W/, daily load 40W/ * 12h=0.48kWH/；That is 1728KJ/；
As sensible heat accumulation of energy utilization rate is low, for reaching preferable using effect, accumulation of energy amount is designed by 2 times of daily load：
The volume ratio of energy demand that storage meets daily load is：
(1728KJ/㎡)*2/(1.4KJ/(KG*℃)*(2500KG/m3)*10)=0.098m3/㎡
9.8 cubic metres of storage body is needed to be used for storing the application region recycling that enough energy supply 100 square metres.
The refrigeration of the present embodiment, heating condition may be referred to embodiment 1,2, slightly have difference on heat-exchange temperature.Although the volume ratio phase-changing energy-storing of sensible heat accumulation of energy is much larger, which also has some advantages：
1st, cost is relatively low, is arranged in superficial stratum typically using horizontal coiled pipe, need not well-digging；
2nd, much smaller compared to the space that earth source heat pump takes, easily implement；
3rd, long service life, even if go wrong to repair or replace, does not have that compared with phase-changing energy-storing Long-Time Service causes aging, decay and can be not take up the interior space.
4th, due to suitably increased the accumulation of energy amount of storage body, the ability to ward off risks of system is higher, and cost is also within controlled range.
Embodiment 4：
First heat pump 1 is the refrigerating/heating application of earth source heat pump or water resource heat pump（As shown in Figure 8）
For earth source heat pump, water resource heat pump, the temperature stability of source preferably, but yet suffers from the low shortcoming of energy-flux density.As energy usage amount assumes huge peak valley fluctuation in the range of whole day, therefore heat pump is accomplished by being designed type selecting with reference to peak value, and so as to cause, system is relatively huge, cost is high, controllability is poor.In reply end peak hours, even if source has contained enough energy, but quickly extraction is difficult to, therefore can only increase the heat exchange area of source and increase the power of source pump；However, when end low ebb load is tackled, obviously excessively huge according to peak value designed system, energy saving declines.
In the present embodiment, as, between generally 15-25 DEG C of 1 source temperature of the first heat pump, the phase-changing energy storage material phase transition temperature in energy storage module 2 is set as 23 DEG C, takes 20 DEG C/summer of indoor temperature winter, 26 DEG C of the centre of most energy-conservation.
When summer accumulation of energy is sufficient, phase-changing energy storage material is solid-state, and mean temperature is less than phase transition temperature, and bulk temperature mainly changes between 20-24 DEG C；
When winter accumulation of energy is sufficient, phase-changing energy storage material is liquid, and mean temperature is higher than phase transition temperature, and bulk temperature mainly changes between 22-26 DEG C；
Air conditioning terminal system be fan coil, supply and return water temperature value be cooling in summer when for 7/12 DEG C, winter heating when be 40/35 DEG C.
Now, no matter freeze or heat, the temperature difference between 1 source of the first heat pump and target side is respectively less than 10 degree, and working condition is very stable, ultrahigh in efficiency, can be that energy storage module 2 supplements energy completely using the rear night paddy electricity period.
In the range of whole day, extract the middle position cold heat amount stored in energy storage module 2, be converted into high-order cold heat amount and be transported to HVAC end system 4 and use by the second heat pump 3.Now, the temperature difference between 3 source of the second heat pump and target is 10-20 degree, and the operational efficiency of the second heat pump 3 is also very high.
As accumulation of heat/process of cool is completed all of paddy electricity, the system can overcome earth source heat pump, water source heat pump to exchange heat coefficient little, and the low shortcoming of energy-flux density, operating cost are also lower.
In the present embodiment, auxiliary regenerator device need not be generally set.
Comprehensive above example, when the energy of energy storage module storage is sufficient, the second heat pump 3 operates steadily, and efficiency is very high.But when the first heat pump 1 is air source heat pump, the operation of system still can be restricted by environment temperature, mainly winter heating when, the impact of environmental factor is more projected.Now, solar energy, waste heat and used heat, paddy electricity etc. just become timely auxiliary regenerator measure, for maintaining the even running of system.
Certainly, the invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make equivalent variations or replacement without prejudice to spirit of the invention on the premise of, and the modification of these equivalents or replacement are all contained in the application claim limited range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of energy-storage type heat pump or air-conditioning, it is characterised in that：Including the first heat pump (1), energy storage module (2), the second heat pump (3), HVAC end system (4)；Its workflow is：
First heat pump (1) can be air source heat pump, air-conditioning, earth source heat pump, water resource heat pump；
First, the first heat pump (1) was run in the paddy electricity period, and the first heat pump (1) extracts low level natural energy resources, is converted into the middle position energy and is transported to energy storage module (2) and store for future use；
Then, the second heat pump (3) 24 hour operation, the second heat pump (3) extract the middle position energy of storage in energy storage module (2), are converted into the high-order energy and are transported to HVAC end system (4).
2. a kind of energy-storage type heat pump according to claim 1 or air-conditioning, it is characterised in that：
Energy storage module (2) includes that the storage body for the middle position cold heat energy for storing, storage body have accumulation of heat, two kinds of functions of cold-storage simultaneously and freely can change；
First heat pump (1) includes that middle-low grade refrigeration, middle-low grade heat two kinds of output modes, and output end is connected with energy storage module (2) by pipeline, supplements cold heat amount to the storage body of energy storage module (2)；
Second heat pump (3) includes that high-grade refrigeration, high-grade heat two kinds of output modes, input is connected with energy storage module (2) by pipeline, extracts cold heat amount and be promoted to high-grade energy for the use of air conditioning terminal system from the storage body of energy storage module (2).
3. a kind of energy-storage type heat pump according to claim 1 or air-conditioning, it is characterised in that：In a heating mode, it is possible to use auxiliary regenerator device is energy storage module (2) additional heat；Described assisted heating device includes solar energy auxiliary regenerator device, paddy electricity electric heater unit or used heat or residual heat resources regenerative apparatus.
4. a kind of energy-storage type heat pump according to claim 1 or air-conditioning, it is characterised in that：The accumulation of energy temperature range of the storage body in energy storage module 2 is set as between 16-30 DEG C that storage body can adopt phase-changing energy storage material or sensible heat energy storage material：
Storage body adopts phase-changing energy storage material, phase transition temperature to be set as between 16-30 DEG C；
Storage body adopts sensible heat energy storage material, and during operation, temperature fluctuates between 16-30 DEG C；Energy storage module (2) can be arranged in body of wall, below ground decoration layer, in basement or superficial stratum.
5. a kind of energy-storage type heat pump according to claim 1 or air-conditioning, it is characterised in that：The accumulation of energy total amount of energy storage module (2), on the basis of system design daily load value, should at least be set as more than the 50% of daily load value.
6. a kind of energy-storage type heat pump according to claim 1 or air-conditioning, it is characterised in that：The individuality that storage body in energy storage module (2) is split as multiple serial or parallel connections, opens all or part of storage body according to the change of load.
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| CN107024032A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-08-08 | 深圳万润节能有限公司 | Heating and cooling system |
| CN107289492A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-24 | 宝莲华新能源技术（上海）股份有限公司 | The heating system that a kind of low-temperature air source heat pump is coupled with water resource heat pump |
| CN107366946A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-21 | 郗厚站 | Heating system and its application method |
| CN108895715A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-27 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of ground-source heat pump system using accumulation of energy based on cold and hot equilibrium idea suitable for southern area of China |
| CN109084395A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of operation method and integrated building structure reducing building energy consumption |
| CN109899919A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-18 | 山东星火科学技术研究院 | A kind of air can complementary heating and refrigerating system with ground source |
| CN110567038A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-13 | 山西省交通科技研发有限公司 | solar energy and air energy composite heat pump system and working method thereof |
| CN111089324A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-01 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Heating system and control method thereof |
| CN115507608A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-23 | 清华大学 | Energy supply system and method for spring ice making |
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| CN107289492A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-24 | 宝莲华新能源技术（上海）股份有限公司 | The heating system that a kind of low-temperature air source heat pump is coupled with water resource heat pump |
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| CN110567038A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-13 | 山西省交通科技研发有限公司 | solar energy and air energy composite heat pump system and working method thereof |
| CN111089324A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-01 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Heating system and control method thereof |
| CN115507608A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-23 | 清华大学 | Energy supply system and method for spring ice making |
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