CN101785534A - Application of zinc glutamate and derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth - Google Patents
Application of zinc glutamate and derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN101785534A CN101785534A CN201010122633A CN201010122633A CN101785534A CN 101785534 A CN101785534 A CN 101785534A CN 201010122633 A CN201010122633 A CN 201010122633A CN 201010122633 A CN201010122633 A CN 201010122633A CN 101785534 A CN101785534 A CN 101785534A
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- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- glutamate
- zinc glutamate
- derivatives
- growth
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Links
- GAMIYQSIKAOVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-aminopentanedioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C(N)CCC([O-])=O GAMIYQSIKAOVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 235000019730 animal feed additive Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 amide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LCQLHJZYVOQKHU-VKHMYHEASA-N carglumic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O LCQLHJZYVOQKHU-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BBJIPMIXTXKYLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoglutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(N)CC(O)=O BBJIPMIXTXKYLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010016626 Dipeptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 51
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- UOXSXMSTSYWNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-aminoacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O UOXSXMSTSYWNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940071566 zinc glycinate Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 58
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 29
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 26
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- GAMIYQSIKAOVTG-DFWYDOINSA-L zinc;(2s)-2-aminopentanedioate Chemical class [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O GAMIYQSIKAOVTG-DFWYDOINSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 231100000111 LD50 Toxicity 0.000 description 10
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000293869 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- SEWIYICDCVPBEW-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-glutamate methyl ester Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O SEWIYICDCVPBEW-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021053 average weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- UPXURESQFGNHFF-OYIAIMIOSA-J dizinc (2S)-2-aminopentanedioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O UPXURESQFGNHFF-OYIAIMIOSA-J 0.000 description 3
- WSUTUEIGSOWBJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dizinc oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2] WSUTUEIGSOWBJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lysine Chemical compound NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGTZHPSKYRIGRJ-YUMQZZPRSA-N Lys-Glu Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O UGTZHPSKYRIGRJ-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L disodium L-glutamate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010009298 lysylglutamic acid Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004223 monosodium glutamate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940110280 zinc methionine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CNMFGFBWPBBGKX-SCGRZTRASA-L zinc;(2s)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CSCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O.CSCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O CNMFGFBWPBBGKX-SCGRZTRASA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000040710 Chela Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001508687 Mustela erminea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000282485 Vulpes vulpes Species 0.000 description 1
- WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L Zinc gluconate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- IWLXWEWGQZEKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;zinc Chemical compound N.[Zn] IWLXWEWGQZEKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000981 epithelium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003304 gavage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000002429 large intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000110 microvilli Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000718 radiation-protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940073490 sodium glutamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000108 taste bud cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000012137 tryptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000273 veterinary drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011746 zinc citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006076 zinc citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940068475 zinc citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011670 zinc gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011478 zinc gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000306 zinc gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an application of zinc glutamate and derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth. In the invention, the zinc glutamate is found to have low water-solubility, high acid resisting ability and high bioavailability; used as the feed additive for promoting growth, the zinc glutamate has higher safety and higher antibiotic activity compared with other zinc sources such as oxide zinc, basic zinc chloride and zinc glycinate, and the addition of zinc ions can be reduced by 80-90 percent. The invention can reduce the production cost as well as the environmental pollution, and simultaneously reduce the toxic and side effects of high zinc content on animals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention be more particularly directed to of the application of a kind of zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof, belong to field of fodder as animal feed additive for promoting growth.
Background technology
Zinc participates in the multiple metabolic response in the body as one of animal body trace elements necessary, and growing of animal played an important role.The total content of zinc is about 30ppm in the intact animal body, and it is 100ppm that pig starter feed zinc requirement is recommended by American National research council (NRC), and pig is very strong to the tolerance of zinc, can reach 20～30 times of normal needs.It is reported, add 3000ppm zinc oxide in the daily ration and can significantly improve ablactation stress piglet body weight, average daily gain and daily ingestion amount, reduce material anharmonic ratio and wean back diarrhea rate, effectively prevent stress of baby pigs caused ablaction syndrome.Studies show that the action effect of zinc and its interpolation form have certain relation, in the diet of weanling pig, add 200～500ppm organic zinc growth promotion effect and be equivalent to 2000～3000ppm zinc oxide.Along with the generally use of high zinc daily ration, people begin to pay close attention to high dose zinc to the toxic and side effect of body and to the pollution problem of environment.When zinc overdose, cause the wasting of resources on the one hand, cause body to poison on the other hand, and also exist complicated antagonism between zinc and copper, the iron, any in daily ration the change of content may influence the absorption of other elements and cause that it does the variation of character mutually, even can have influence on the change of whole machine body physiological situation.
Three phases has been experienced in the zinc source exploitation of feed.The zinc source of Tian Jiaing is an inorganic zinc the earliest, as zinc oxide, alkali formula glycine zine etc.A large amount of researchs are thought, high dose zinc oxide can promote periglottis taste bud cell to regenerate rapidly, modulation of appetite, the growth of some harmful bacteria of inhibition enteron aisle and food and extend are in the alimentary canal time of staying, guaranteed nutriment digesting and assimilating at enteron aisle, reduce the fermentation of large intestine microorganism and effectively suppressed grice diarrhoea, thereby improved daily gain.Hill and Cromwell (1996) studies show that high zinc (3000ppm zinc oxide) daily ration level has facilitation to growth in piglets.Find that subsequently the organic mineral salt is more easily absorbed by animal and utilizes, this mainly comprises zinc gluconate, zinc citrate etc.Organic zinc more approaches the action mode in the body, and biological value will be higher than inorganic zinc.Organic zinc is stable existence in alimentary canal, can not form with other materials and hinder the compound that absorbs, and can change into the form with biological function then more effectively by intestinal villi transporte to cells epithelium.
Novel third generation zinc element additive mainly is a zinc-amino acid chelate, comprise glycine zine, zinc methionine and lysine-zn etc., it has good biochemistry stability, because it is positioned at the metal ion with five-membered ring or six-membered ring chelate center and can passes through the intestinal villi brush border, therefore easily absorb for animal, have no side effect and biological value is higher than inorganic zinc, become a kind of comparatively desirable feed addictive.But the network of different amino acid ligands (chela) closes zinc, and addition differs greatly because of the zinc source is different because the character of part differs, and the inorganic zinc addition is higher, and the organic zinc addition is relatively low, and piglet is added period generally within 1～4 week after the ablactation.But the zinc source of different aminoacids part has different physicochemical properties, particularly water-soluble, acidproof ability and profit distribution coefficient, because the water-soluble and acidproof ability of compound can influence the absorption dynamics process in the body, suitable profit distribution coefficient is relevant with the antibacterial activity of compound.Though glycine zine and zinc methionine commonly used clinically now want high than the bioavilability of inorganic zinc, but the solubility in its water is high and acidproof ability (seeing the result of the test in the content of the present invention), therefore the existing high bioavilability that can guarantee in its body of desirable zinc-amino acid chelate will have lower water-soluble and stronger acidproof ability in addition and could guarantee that trace element is absorbed and used with the form arrival enteron aisle of organic.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome weak point of the prior art, the application of a kind of zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth is provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof is as the application of animal feed additive for promoting growth.
Described zinc glutamate comprises: glutamic acid and zinc 2: 1 in molar ratio or the chelate that forms at 1: 1.
Described derivative comprises:
(1) zinc glutamate and the different sour different salt that form are as hydrochloride, phosphate and the sulfate etc. of zinc glutamate;
(2) glutamic acid becomes inner complex salt or the chelate that forms with zinc ion behind the monoesters;
(3) chelate or the salt of N-carbamylglutamic acid and different salt, acid amides and zinc ion formation;
(4) with the zinc glutamate be the different shiff alkali that the basis forms;
(5) with the zinc glutamate be the different amide compounds that the basis forms;
(6) with the dipeptides of a kind of formation in glutamic acid and the amino acid and the chelate of zinc ion formation;
(7) chelate or the salt of the formation of glutamine and zinc ion.
Described animal comprises various cultivated animals, as: various artificial feeding animals such as pig, chicken, duck, goose, beef cattle, milk cow, sheep, various fish and shrimp, fox, ermine, racoon dog.
Described zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof is applied to the different growth phases of animal as the application of animal feed additive for promoting growth.
When described animal feed is perfect compound feed, adding zinc glutamate as growth promoter, is benchmark with feed weight, and the consumption of glutamic acid is in the zinc element, and its content is 50～500ppm.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art: the present invention finds the effect of zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth first.The present invention finds that zinc glutamate has low aqueous solubility, stronger acidproof ability and high bioavilability, zinc glutamate is used as feed additive for promoting growth, have higher security and antibacterial activity than other zinc source (comprising zinc oxide, basic zinc chloride and glycine zine etc.), the addition of zinc ion can reduce 80-90%, can reduce production costs and reduce pollution to environment, reduce the toxic and side effect of high zinc to animal simultaneously.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
(1) synthetic zinc glutamate:
The preparation of A, 10% monosodium glutamate solution: take by weighing 100 gram sodium glutamates (chemical pure) and be dissolved in the 1000ml water;
The preparation of B, 14.38% solution of zinc sulfate: accurately smart amount 143.8 gram white vitriols (chemical pure) are dissolved in 1000ml in water;
C, each 1000ml of 10% monosodium glutamate solution and 14.38% solution of zinc sulfate is mixed, then the pH value of regulating aforementioned mixed solution with NaOH solution transfers to 7.0, stirring at room reaction 2 hours, centrifugal, get precipitation, water suspended centrifugal washing precipitation 3 times is then dried to constant weight for 100 ℃, obtain 116.64 gram zinc glutamates, yield is 96.09%.
(2) glutamic acid of the zinc glutamate that step (1) is obtained and the content of zinc ion are measured respectively:
The mensuration of A, zinc ion content: accurately take by weighing 1.0 gram zinc glutamates, add water 80ml, use 0.1MHCl adjust pH to 2.0 then, be stirred to zinc glutamate and dissolve fully, with the content of zinc ion in the atom absorption method mensuration solution, recording zinc ion concentration is 2.776mg/ml.
The assay of B, glutamic acid: accurately take by weighing 1.0 gram zinc glutamates, add water 80ml, use 0.1MHCl adjust pH to 2.0 then, be stirred to zinc glutamate all after the dissolving, with the content of amino-acid analyzer mensuration glutamic acid, the content that records glutamic acid is 6.432mg/ml.
Thereby the mol ratio of zinc ion and glutamic acid is 1: 1 in definite zinc glutamate, and crystallization water content is 7.93% in the zinc glutamate, and therefore, the molecular structure level of the zinc glutamate that step (1) obtains is the zinc glutamate that contains a crystallization water, and molecular weight is 227.
(3) the antibacterial activity in vitro research of the zinc glutamate that obtains of step (1)
1. test material
A, culture medium: LB fluid nutrient medium: the 10g tryptone, 5g yeast extract and 10g NaCl are dissolved in the 800ml distilled water, with being settled to 1000mL behind the 1M NaOH adjust pH to 7.4, autoclaving 20min;
B, bacterial strain: e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and staphylococcus aureus PNB14 reference culture, all preserve the center available from China Veterinary Drugs Supervisory Inst.'s bacterial classification;
C, test tube: 10ml teat glass with cover;
D, medicine: ZnO solution: 0.2% (in zinc ion, use the 0.01M dissolving with hydrochloric acid, the mass/volume percent concentration, down together); Glycine zine ((C
2H
4NO
2)
2ZnH
2O) solution: 0.2% (in zinc ion); Basic zinc chloride (Zn
5CL
2(OH)
8.H
2O): 0.2% (, using the 0.01M dissolving with hydrochloric acid) in zinc ion; Zinc glutamate solution: 0.2% (with the DMSO dissolving, in zinc ion);
2. test method: determination of tube method zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and zinc glutamate are to the antibacterial activity of e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and staphylococcus aureus PNB14:
A, establish 12 groups, every group comprises 12 sterile test tube, numbering 1～12; Every big group establish three parallel, promptly comprise three groups;
Under B, the aseptic condition, add 2.0 milliliters of LB fluid nutrient mediums to the, 1 to 11 pipe respectively;
C, the zinc oxide with preparing, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride or zinc glutamate solution to be checked add 2.0 milliliters respectively to the 1st pipe, to get 2.0 milliliters to the 3rd pipe after the 1st pipe mixing, to the 10th pipe, get 2.0 milliliters from the 10th pipe again and lose successively, the 11st pipe is made positive control for not adding antiradiation drug;
C, prepare LB Liquid Culture parent tube (the 12nd pipe) in addition and do not add medicine and bacterium for 2.0 milliliters, as negative control;
D, 1-11 pipe adds e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and the staphylococcus aureus PNB14 for test respectively, and (concentration of bacterium is about 10 respectively to every pipe 5.0 microlitre bacterium liquid
8Cfu/ml, cell age is 16-18 hour);
E, 37 ℃ of static cultivations 16 hours, perusal has or not bacterial growth, and last pipe Chinese traditional medicine concentration that bacterial growth do not occur promptly is the minimal inhibitory concentration (μ g/ml) of medicine to corresponding bacterium; Positive control is answered the visible haze growth, and negative control should be clarified.
3. result of the test:
In zinc ion, zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride are 400 μ g/ml, 400 μ g/ml and 400 μ g/ml (in zinc ion) to the minimal inhibitory concentration of e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and staphylococcus aureus PNB14, and zinc glutamate to the minimal inhibitory concentration of e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and staphylococcus aureus PNB14 for being respectively 100 μ g/ml, 100 μ g/ml and 100 μ g/ml (in zinc ion), antibacterial activity has improved 4 times.
The antibacterial activity comparative studies result of table 1 Different Zinc Source compound
(4) (rat LD is measured in the security of the zinc glutamate that obtains of step (1)
50Measure, improve karber's method)
1. test material
Rat: available from Nanfang Medical Univ's Experimental Animal Center, body weight 120～150 grams, male and female half and half.
Supply test specimen: zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and zinc glutamate
Equipment: syringe, filling stomach syringe needle, mouse cage
2. test method
A, obtain causing animal 0% (Dn) and the dead dosage of 100% (Dm) by preliminary experiment, wherein the Dn of zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and zinc glutamate and Dm see Table 2.
Table 2 Different Zinc Source compound rat LD50 trial test result (Dn and Dm)
| Compound | Dn (mg/kg body weight) | Dm (mg/kg body weight) |
| Zinc oxide | ??1600 | ??2100 |
| Glycine zine | ??500 | ??700 |
| Basic zinc chloride | ??1400 | ??1660 |
| Zinc glutamate | ??9600 | ??14400 |
The maximum reactivity of B, this requirement of experiment is 100%, and the minimal reaction rate is 0%, or at least reactivity near 100% or 0%; Dn and the Dm value of dose ratio according to above-mentioned each compound on average is provided with 8 dosage between group between Dn to Dm, every group of 10 rats.When 100% and 0% reactivity of repetition being arranged, the group of keeping to the side should be discarded and disregard as adjacent doses occurring in the experiment, the reactivity that makes heavy dose of group have only 100%, small dose group also has only one 0% reactivity; Grouping finishes and each group after dosage calculates, and grouping gavages zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and the zinc glutamate of various dose; Observed 7 days after the administration, viewing duration writes down the toxic reaction situation of animal and the distribution of dead animal day by day.
C, account form are respectively organized the death rate by LD50 and the fiducial limit (P=0.95) of following formula Different Zinc Source compound to rat according to formal experiment
A, when the death rate of minimum dose group is 0%, the death rate of maximum dose group is 100% o'clock, calculates LD50 by following formula:
LD
50＝lg
-1[Xm-i(∑p-0.5)]
B, when the death rate of minimum dose group greater than 0% and less than 30%, or the death rate of maximum dose group can be calculated LD by following updating formula less than 100% and greater than 70% o'clock
50:
LD
50Standard error:
LD
50Average fiducial limit: LD
50± 4.5S
X50LD
50(P=0.95);
In the following formula, Xm is the logarithm of maximum dose group dosage, and i is the difference (heavy dose of group reduces the dosage group) of two adjacent groups log10 dose, and Pm is the maximum dose group death rate, and Pn is the minimum dose group death rate, and P is each group death rate, and n is every treated animal number.
D, result of the test
In zinc ion, rat sees Table 3 to the dead dosage of oral half (LD50) of all given the test agent, and the result shows that zinc glutamate is all higher than the security of zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride.
Table 3 glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and zinc glutamate are to the oral median lethal dose result of study of rat
| Given the test agent | LD50 (the mg/kg body weight is in compound) | LD50 (the mg/kg body weight is in zinc ion) |
| Zinc oxide | ??1800 | ??1435.5 |
| Glycine zine | ??600 | ??165.1 |
| Basic zinc chloride | ??1500 | ??855 |
| Zinc glutamate | ??12000 | ??3345.1 |
(5) mensuration of the zinc glutamate equilbrium solubility that obtains of step (1)
1. test material
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, NaOH, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, five water zinc sulphates and basic zinc chloride etc. are chemically pure reagent.
2. test method
The preparation of A, buffer solution: secure ph be respectively 2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0 phosphate buffer (PBS, 0.1M).
The mensuration of B, equilbrium solubility: getting zinc glutamate, to add the pH value respectively be in 2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0 the 100ml PBS solution, 60 ℃ of water-baths heating is also ultrasonicly no longer dissolved to medicine, put into water bath chader, temperature keeps (37 ± 1) ℃, jolting 24h; After saturated solution centrifugation,, calculate the equilbrium solubility of zinc glutamate with the zinc ion in the aas determination solution; Same procedure is measured the equilbrium solubility of zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride.
3. result of the test
The result shows the soluble in water and acid water dissolubility of glycine zine; And basic zinc chloride and zinc oxide are water insoluble, but easily molten under acid condition; Zinc glutamate is water-soluble low, and acidproof endurance is strong.
The equilbrium solubility of table 4 zinc glutamate, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride
(6) the profit distribution coefficient of the zinc glutamate that obtains of step (1) is measured
1. test material
N-octyl alcohol, zinc glutamate, zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride
2. test method is an example with the zinc glutamate, and zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride are equally in order to method detection down
A, zinc glutamate measure in the equilbrium solubility of n-octyl alcohol solution: take by weighing 1 gram zinc glutamate, adds 60 ℃ of water-baths heating of 100 milliliters of n-octyl alcohol solution and ultrasonicly no longer dissolve to medicine, put into water bath chader, temperature maintenance (37 ± 1) ℃, jolting 24h; After saturated solution centrifugation, the zinc ion with in the aas determination solution calculates the equilbrium solubility of zinc glutamate in n-octyl alcohol solution.
B, vortex time are investigated: getting mass concentration is 400mgL
-1Zinc glutamate n-octyl alcohol solution (by water saturated after n-octyl alcohol) 0.5ml, add by n-octyl alcohol the 0.1molL after saturated
-1Hydrochloric acid solution 5ml, difference vortex 5,10,20,45,60min, 10000rmin
-1Centrifugal 2min gets the n-octyl alcohol layer is measured zinc ion in the n-octyl alcohol with atom absorption method content; Determine the suitableeest vortex time.
C, profit distribution coefficient are measured: n-octyl alcohol solution (saturated by the water) 0.5ml that gets zinc glutamate adds entry-cushioning liquid (saturated by n-octyl alcohol) 5ml as water as oil phase, vortex min (result according to step 2 is fixed), 10000rmin
-1Centrifugal 2min, the oil phase 0.1ml that gets the upper strata measures zinc ion concentration with atom absorption method, calculates the distribution situation of zinc glutamate at oil phase and aqueous phase, calculates profit and divides distribution coefficient (P)=Po/Pw.
3. result of the test
Solubility glycine zine in water is the highest, and basic zinc chloride and glutamic acid take second place, and zinc oxide is minimum.The solubility of zinc glutamate is the highest in n-octyl alcohol solution, and glycine zine and basic zinc chloride take second place, and zinc oxide is minimum.The profit distribution coefficient that calculates each compound profit distribution coefficient of zinc oxide and zinc glutamate as can be known is higher, and the profit distribution coefficient lower (table 5) of basic zinc chloride and glycine zine.The compound profit distributes high more, and then it is fat-soluble strong more, and its antibacterial activity is relatively also high.Though the profit distribution coefficient of zinc oxide is higher, its acidproof ability is relatively poor, therefore then can influence its antibacterial activity in vivo.
The equilbrium solubility of table 5 zinc glutamate, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride
(6) the growth promotion effect test of the zinc glutamate that obtains of step (1)
1. test material
Experimental animal: 60 weanling pigs, the people live in plenty in Guangdong plants the pig farm provides.
Feed: the 303 type pigs that do not contain any antibacterials are used perfect compound feed, and the people live in plenty in Guangdong, and herding Development Co., Ltd feed factory is special.
Given the test agent: zinc glutamate, zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride
2. test method
A, various dose zinc glutamate are to the growth promoting function effect comparative studies of pork pig
60 weanling pigs such as table 6 grouping, 10 every group.Each group is added different growth promoters in feed after, free choice feeding, the weightening finish and the price of deed of back 15 days each test group test pig of statistics wean, screening zinc glutamate be as the dose,optimum of pig with growth promoter, and relatively zinc oxide and zinc glutamate to the difference of the growth enhancing effect of pig.
The growth promotion test grouping of table 6 variable concentrations zinc glutamate pork pig
| Group | Size of animal | Average initial weight (kg) | Growth promoter | Concentration (ppm) * |
| Do not add short long agent control group | ??10 | ??8.60 | ??- | ??- |
| Zinc oxide-2500 | ??10 | ??8.85 | Zinc oxide | ??2500 |
| Zinc glutamate-500 | ??10 | ??8.62 | Zinc glutamate | ??500 |
| Zinc glutamate-250 | ??10 | ??8.68 | Zinc glutamate | ??250 |
| Zinc glutamate-125 | ??10 | ??8.75 | Zinc glutamate | ??125 |
| Zinc glutamate-62.5 | ??10 | ??8.66 | Zinc glutamate | ??62.5 |
*: the working concentration of different growth promoters is in the zinc ion in the compound.
The compound of B, Different Zinc Source is to the growth promotion effect comparative studies of pork pig
50 weanling pigs such as table 5 grouping, 10 every group.Each group is added the growth promoter of Different Zinc Source in feed after, free choice feeding, the weightening finish and the price of deed of back 15 days each test group test pig of statistics wean, and relatively zinc glutamate and Different Zinc Source compound to the difference of the growth enhancing effect of pig.
Table 7 Different Zinc Source compound is to the grouping of the growth promotion test of pork pig
| Group | Size of animal | Average initial weight (kg) | Growth promoter | Concentration (ppm) * |
| Do not add short long agent control group | ??10 | ??8.22 | ??- | ??- |
| Zinc oxide-2500 | ??10 | ??8.15 | Zinc oxide | ??250 |
| Zinc glutamate-250 | ??10 | ??8.20 | Zinc glutamate | ??250 |
| Basic zinc chloride-2500 | ??10 | ??8.28 | Basic zinc chloride | ??2500 |
| Group | Size of animal | Average initial weight (kg) | Growth promoter | Concentration (ppm) * |
| Glycine zine-500 | ??10 | ??8.15 | Glycine zine | ??500 |
*: the working concentration of different growth promoters is in the zinc ion in the compound.
3. result of the test
A, various dose zinc glutamate are to the growth promoting function effect comparative studies of pork pig
Zinc glutamate to the growth promoting function effect of pork pig present dosage correlation the feeding experiment process in, the zinc oxide group (2500ppm) of high dose shows tangible growth promoting function, duration of test flat increase counterpoise more not the giving growth promoter control group improve 11.83%, the price of deed reduces by 0.216.The zinc glutamate of various dose group all shows growth enhancing effect in various degree, and wherein the zinc oxide group of the growth promotion effect of 250ppm and 500ppm dosage group and 2500ppm is close, and the zinc glutamate of results suggest 250ppm can replace the zinc oxide of 2500ppm.
Table 8 zinc glutamate is to the growth promotion result of the test of pig
| Group | Size of animal (only) | Survival rate (%) | Average weight gain (kg) | The relative weight gain rate (%) | Total augment weight (kg) | Total feed consumption (kg) | Feedstuff-meat ratio |
| Not dosing control group | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.06 | ??- | ??40.6 | ??82.50 | ??2.032 |
| Zinc oxide-2500 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.54 | ??111.83 | ??45.4 | ??82.45 | ??1.816 |
| Zinc glutamate-500 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.66 | ??114.78 | ??46.6 | ??84.58 | ??1.815 |
| Zinc glutamate-250 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.58 | ??112.81 | ??45.8 | ??83.40 | ??1.821 |
| Zinc glutamate-125 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.33 | ??106.65 | ??43.3 | ??80.45 | ??1.858 |
| Zinc glutamate-62.5 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.15 | ??102.22 | ??41.5 | ??78.48 | ??1.891 |
The compound of B, Different Zinc Source is to the growth promotion effect comparative studies of pork pig
The compound of Different Zinc Source has notable difference to the growth enhancing effect of pork pig.In the feeding experiment process, the zinc oxide group (2500ppm) and the basic zinc chloride group (2500ppm) of high dose all show tangible growth promoting function, relative negative control group, the duration of test weightening finish improves 9.28% and 7.74%, and the price of deed also improves 0.204 and 0.203 respectively.The growth promotion effect and the zinc oxide of the zinc glutamate of 250ppm are suitable, and the weightening finish of duration of test has improved 9.80% price of deed than negative control group and improved 0.207; But the growth promotion DeGrain of glycine zine group, to compare difference not remarkable with the weightening finish of negative control group.Take all factors into consideration problems such as growth promotion effect, security, toxic and side effect and environmental pollution, zinc glutamate should be the growth promotion that the desirable substitute of zinc oxide is used for animal.
Table 9 zinc glutamate is to the growth promotion result of the test of pig
| Group | Size of animal (only) | Survival rate (%) | Average weight gain (kg) | The relative weight gain rate (%) | Total augment weight (kg) | Total feed consumption (kg) | Feedstuff-meat ratio |
| Not dosing control group | ??10 | ??100 | ??3.88 | ??100 | ??38.8 | ??82.10 | ??2.116 |
| Zinc oxide-2500 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.24 | ??109.28 | ??42.4 | ??81.06 | ??1.912 |
| Zinc glutamate-250 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.26 | ??109.80 | ??42.6 | ??81.32 | ??1.909 |
| Basic zinc chloride-2500 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.18 | ??107.74 | ??41.8 | ??79.96 | ??1.913 |
| Glycine zine-500 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.03 | ??103.87 | ??40.3 | ??81.00 | ??2.010 |
Embodiment 2
The derivative of different zinc glutamates is to the growth promotion effect test of animal
(1) preparation of the derivative of different zinc glutamates
A, zinc glutamate hydrochloride: take by weighing 100 gram ZnCl
2With 137.3 gram sodium glutamates, be dissolved in respectively in the 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, the two is mixed, with the 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution pH value of mixed solution is transferred to 4.0, heating and continuous stirring are reacted, and gather in the crops crystallization and dry to constant weight.Get product and be dissolved in water with 1 gram and be settled to 100ml, measure the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method), chlorion (Moire technique) and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in the solution.Zinc ion concentration is 2.692mg/ml as a result, and chloride ion content is 1.470mg/ml, and the content of glutamic acid is 6.005mg/ml, and the crystal that can infer gained thus is the zinc glutamate hydrochloride that zinc glutamate and hydrochloric acid formed in 1: 1 in molar ratio.
The preparation of B, glutamic acid methyl ester chelates of zinc: take by weighing 100 gram ZnSO47H
2O and 115.6 gram glutamic acid methyl esters are dissolved in respectively in the 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, with the two mixing, with 1M sodium hydroxide solution seasoning pH value to 7.0, centrifugal collecting precipitation, and behind the water centrifuge washing three times 100 ℃ dry to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water, the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method) and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in the mensuration solution after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution.Zinc ion concentration is 1.613mg/ml as a result, and the content of glutamic acid is 7.941mg/ml, and the product that can infer gained thus is the chelate of band a part crystallization water of being formed in 2: 1 in molar ratio by glutamic acid methyl ester and zinc ion.
The preparation of C, N-carbamylglutamic acid zinc: take by weighing 100 gram ZnSO47H
2O and 68.8 gram N-carbamylglutamic acids are dissolved in respectively in the 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, with the two mixing, with 1M sodium hydroxide solution seasoning pH value to 7.0, centrifugal collecting precipitation, and behind the water centrifuge washing three times 100 ℃ dry to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water, the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method) and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in the mensuration solution after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution.Zinc ion concentration is 2.407mg/ml as a result, and the content of glutamic acid is 5.4451mg/ml, and the product that can infer gained thus is the chelate of band a part crystallization water of being formed in 1: 1 in molar ratio by N-carbamylglutamic acid and zinc ion.
The preparation of D, glutamine zinc: take by weighing 100 gram ZnSO47H
2O and 209.4 gram glutamine are dissolved in respectively in the 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, with the two mixing, with 1M sodium hydroxide solution seasoning pH value to 7.0, centrifugal collecting precipitation, and behind the water centrifuge washing three times 100 ℃ dry to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water, the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method) and glutamine (amino-acid analyzer) in the mensuration solution after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution.Zinc ion concentration is 1.791mg/ml as a result, and the content of glutamic acid is 7.989mg/ml, and the product that can infer gained thus is the chelate of band a part crystallization water of being formed in 2: 1 in molar ratio by N-carbamylglutamic acid and zinc ion.
The preparation of E, lysyl zinc glutamate: take by weighing 100 gram ZnSO47H
2O and 98.6 gram lysyl glutamic acid are dissolved in respectively in the 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, with the two mixing, with 1M sodium hydroxide solution seasoning pH value to 7.0, centrifugal collecting precipitation, and behind the water centrifuge washing three times 100 ℃ dry to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution, measure the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method), lysine and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in the solution.Zinc ion concentration is 1.826mg/ml as a result, lysine content 4.102mg/ml, the content of glutamic acid is 4.130mg/ml, and the product that can infer gained thus is the chelate of band a part crystallization water of being formed in 1: 1 in molar ratio by lysyl glutamic acid and zinc ion.
The preparation of F, salicylide zinc glutamate (zinc glutamate shiff alkali): 0.02mmol potassium hydroxide is dissolved in the 1000mL distilled water. and be added drop-wise to 500mL and contain in 0.02mmol sodium glutamate and the 0.02mmol salicylide ethanolic solution, under 80 ℃ of water-baths, stirring reaction 2h adds 1000ml then and contains 0.02mmolZnSO47H
2The O aqueous solution is regulated pH to 7.0, continues reaction 8h, and the cold filtration collecting precipitation is also dried to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water, the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method) and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in the mensuration solution after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution.Zinc ion concentration is 1.835mg/ml as a result, and the content of glutamic acid is 4.200mg/ml, and the product that can infer gained thus is the chelate of band a part crystallization water of being formed in 1: 1 in molar ratio by salicylide glutamic acid and zinc ion.
(2) the zinc glutamate derivative is to the promoting animal growth Research on effect
1. test material
Experimental animal: 90 weanling pigs: the people live in plenty in Guangdong plants the pig farm provides;
Feed: the 303 type pigs that do not contain any antibacterials are used perfect compound feed, and the people live in plenty in Guangdong, and herding Development Co., Ltd feed factory is special;
Given the test agent: six kinds of zinc glutamate derivatives (zinc glutamate hydrochloride, glutamic acid methyl ester chelates of zinc, N-carbamylglutamic acid zinc, glutamine zinc, lysyl zinc glutamate and salicylide zinc glutamate), the ZnO of zinc glutamate, step (1) preparation.
2. test method
90 weanling pigs such as table 9 grouping, 10 every group.Each group is added different growth promoters (seeing Table 10) in feed after, free choice feeding, the weightening finish and the price of deed of back 15 days each test group test pig of statistics wean, and relatively ZnO and zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof to the difference of the growth promotion effect of pig.
The different zinc glutamate derivatives of table 10 are to the growth promotion test grouping of pork pig
| Group | Size of animal | Average initial weight (kg) | Growth promoter | Concentration (ppm) * |
| ??1 | ??10 | ??8.12 | ??- | ??- |
| ??2 | ??10 | ??8.15 | ??ZnO | ??2500 |
| ??3 | ??10 | ??8.02 | Zinc glutamate | ??250 |
| ??4 | ??10 | ??8.3 | The zinc glutamate hydrochloride | ??250 |
| ??5 | ??10 | ??8.14 | The glutamic acid methyl ester chelates of zinc | ??250 |
| ??6 | ??10 | ??8.11 | Zinc glutamate | ??250 |
| ??7 | ??10 | ??8.03 | N-carbamylglutamic acid zinc | ??250 |
| ??8 | ??10 | ??8.06 | The lysyl zinc glutamate | ??250 |
| Group | Size of animal | Average initial weight (kg) | Growth promoter | Concentration (ppm) * |
| ??9 | ??10 | ??8.08 | The salicylide zinc glutamate | ??250 |
*: the working concentration of different growth promoters is in the zinc ion in the compound.
3. the zinc glutamate derivative is to the growth promotion test result of the test of pork pig
Result of the test among the embodiment 1 has confirmed that there is suitable growth promoting function in the zinc glutamate zinc source of 250ppm and the zinc oxide zinc source of 2500ppm.The zinc oxide zinc source (group 2) of the zinc glutamate zinc source of 250ppm in the present embodiment (group 3) and 2500ppm has improved 11.36% and 10.63% respectively than the average weight gain of control group, feedstuff-meat ratio has also reduced by 0.273 and 0.261 respectively, has reconfirmed that the zinc glutamate zinc source of 250ppm in the feed process for preparation can substitute the zinc oxide zinc source of 2500ppm.In addition, the various derivatives of zinc glutamate and paddy ammonia zinc have suitable growth promotion effect (table 11), and the derivative of results suggest zinc glutamate and zinc glutamate have suitable biological effect.
The different zinc glutamate derivatives of table 11 are to the growth promotion result of the test of pig
| Group | Size of animal (only) | Survival rate (%) | Average weight gain (kg) | The relative weight gain rate (%) | Total augment weight (kg) | Total feed consumption (kg) | Feedstuff-meat ratio |
| ??1 | ??10 | ??100 | ??3.76 | ??100 | ??37.6 | ??81.4 | ??2.165 |
| ??2 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.19 | ??111.44 | ??41.9 | ??80.6 | ??1.924 |
| ??3 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.22 | ??112.24 | ??42.2 | ??81.0 | ??1.919 |
| ??4 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.20 | ??111.71 | ??42 | ??80.6 | ??1.918 |
| ??5 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.18 | ??111.17 | ??41.8 | ??80.4 | ??1.924 |
| ??6 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.16 | ??110.64 | ??41.6 | ??80.0 | ??1.922 |
| ??7 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.12 | ??109.58 | ??41.2 | ??79.0 | ??1.917 |
| ??8 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.26 | ??113.30 | ??42.6 | ??81.3 | ??1.908 |
| ??9 | ??10 | ??100 | ??4.20 | ??111.71 | ??42 | ??81.0 | ??1.929 |
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spiritual essence of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof is as the application of animal feed additive for promoting growth.
2. according to the application of the described zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof of claim 1 as animal feed additive for promoting growth, it is characterized in that: described zinc glutamate is the chelate of glutamic acid and zinc 2: 1 in molar ratio or formation in 1: 1.
3. according to the application of the described zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof of claim 1 as animal feed additive for promoting growth, it is characterized in that: described derivative comprises:
(1) zinc glutamate and the sour salt that forms;
(2) glutamic acid becomes inner complex salt or the chelate that forms with zinc ion behind the monoesters;
(3) chelate or the salt of N-carbamylglutamic acid and salt, acid amides and zinc ion formation;
(4) with the zinc glutamate be the shiff alkali that the basis forms;
(5) with the zinc glutamate be the amide compound that the basis forms;
(6) with the dipeptides of a kind of formation in glutamic acid and the amino acid and the chelate of zinc ion formation;
(7) chelate or the salt of the formation of glutamine and zinc ion.
4. according to the application of the described zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof of claim 1 as animal feed additive for promoting growth, it is characterized in that: described animal is a cultivated animals.
5. according to the application of the described zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof of claim 1 as animal feed additive for promoting growth, it is characterized in that: described zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof is applied to each growth phase of animal.
6. according to of the application of the described zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof of claim 1 as animal feed additive for promoting growth, it is characterized in that: when described feed is perfect compound feed, add zinc glutamate as growth promoter, with feed weight is benchmark, the consumption of zinc glutamate is in zinc element molal quantity, and content is 50～500ppm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010122633 CN101785534B (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2010-03-12 | Application of zinc glutamate and derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010122633 CN101785534B (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2010-03-12 | Application of zinc glutamate and derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth |
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| CN102603778A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-25 | 广州九益生物技术有限公司 | N-carbamyl-L-glutamic zinc complex and preparation method of N-carbamyl-L-glutamic zinc complex |
| CN102718803A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-10 | 广州九益生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method and application of N-carbamoyl-L-chromium glutamate complex |
| CN104041669A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-17 | 广州英赛特生物技术有限公司 | Application of zinc decanoic acid as animal feed additive |
| CN105646253A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-08 | 华南理工大学 | Biocompatible metal organic framework material glutamic acid-zinc as well as preparation and application thereof |
| CN110582207A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-17 | 黄华成 | Application of glutamine derivative in preparation of animal feed additive |
| CN111100039A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-05 | 长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of argininyl zinc |
| CN113666836A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-19 | 四川吉隆达生物科技集团有限公司 | Production process of feed-grade zinc glutamate |
| CN114940660A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-26 | 广州北极光生物科技有限公司 | Preparation process of PCA zinc |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102550830B (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2015-01-14 | 长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司 | Method for applying and preparing gamma-aminobutyric acid complex compound |
| CN102550830A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-11 | 长沙兴嘉动物营养科技有限公司 | Method for applying and preparing gamma-aminobutyric acid complex compound |
| CN102603778A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-25 | 广州九益生物技术有限公司 | N-carbamyl-L-glutamic zinc complex and preparation method of N-carbamyl-L-glutamic zinc complex |
| CN102718803A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-10 | 广州九益生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method and application of N-carbamoyl-L-chromium glutamate complex |
| CN104041669B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2017-06-23 | 广州英赛特生物技术有限公司 | Capric acid zinc as animal feed additive application |
| CN104041669A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-17 | 广州英赛特生物技术有限公司 | Application of zinc decanoic acid as animal feed additive |
| CN105646253A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-08 | 华南理工大学 | Biocompatible metal organic framework material glutamic acid-zinc as well as preparation and application thereof |
| CN106987580A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-07-28 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of biocompatible metal organic framework material zinc glutamate and its preparation and application |
| CN106987580B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2020-11-24 | 华南理工大学 | Biocompatible metal organic framework material glutamic acid-zinc, preparation and application thereof |
| CN110582207A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-17 | 黄华成 | Application of glutamine derivative in preparation of animal feed additive |
| CN110582207B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2022-11-11 | 广州英赛特生物技术有限公司 | Application of glutamine derivative in preparation of animal feed additive |
| CN111100039A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-05 | 长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of argininyl zinc |
| CN113666836A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-19 | 四川吉隆达生物科技集团有限公司 | Production process of feed-grade zinc glutamate |
| CN114940660A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-26 | 广州北极光生物科技有限公司 | Preparation process of PCA zinc |
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