CN101785534B - Application of zinc glutamate and derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth - Google Patents
Application of zinc glutamate and derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN101785534B CN101785534B CN 201010122633 CN201010122633A CN101785534B CN 101785534 B CN101785534 B CN 101785534B CN 201010122633 CN201010122633 CN 201010122633 CN 201010122633 A CN201010122633 A CN 201010122633A CN 101785534 B CN101785534 B CN 101785534B
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- zinc
- glutamate
- growth
- glutamic acid
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000019730 animal feed additive Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- GAMIYQSIKAOVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-aminopentanedioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C(N)CCC([O-])=O GAMIYQSIKAOVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title abstract description 82
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- -1 N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid zinc Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L disodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940073490 sodium glutamate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 121
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 64
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 63
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 51
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- UOXSXMSTSYWNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-aminoacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O UOXSXMSTSYWNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940071566 zinc glycinate Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 58
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 41
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 29
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 28
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 12
- GAMIYQSIKAOVTG-DFWYDOINSA-L zinc;(2s)-2-aminopentanedioate Chemical class [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O GAMIYQSIKAOVTG-DFWYDOINSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 231100000111 LD50 Toxicity 0.000 description 10
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 5
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000293869 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- SEWIYICDCVPBEW-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-glutamate methyl ester Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O SEWIYICDCVPBEW-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021053 average weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- LCQLHJZYVOQKHU-VKHMYHEASA-N carglumic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O LCQLHJZYVOQKHU-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- UPXURESQFGNHFF-OYIAIMIOSA-J dizinc (2S)-2-aminopentanedioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O UPXURESQFGNHFF-OYIAIMIOSA-J 0.000 description 3
- WSUTUEIGSOWBJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dizinc oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2] WSUTUEIGSOWBJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lysine Chemical compound NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGTZHPSKYRIGRJ-YUMQZZPRSA-N Lys-Glu Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O UGTZHPSKYRIGRJ-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010009298 lysylglutamic acid Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004223 monosodium glutamate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940110280 zinc methionine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CNMFGFBWPBBGKX-SCGRZTRASA-L zinc;(2s)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CSCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O.CSCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O CNMFGFBWPBBGKX-SCGRZTRASA-L 0.000 description 2
- LFSALEHGHQSLTQ-VIFPVBQESA-N (2S)-2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]pentanedioic acid Chemical compound C(C=1C(O)=CC=CC=1)=N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O LFSALEHGHQSLTQ-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000040710 Chela Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010016626 Dipeptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001508687 Mustela erminea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000282485 Vulpes vulpes Species 0.000 description 1
- WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L Zinc gluconate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- IWLXWEWGQZEKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;zinc Chemical compound N.[Zn] IWLXWEWGQZEKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BBJIPMIXTXKYLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoglutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(N)CC(O)=O BBJIPMIXTXKYLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002429 large intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000110 microvilli Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000718 radiation-protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001779 taste bud Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000273 veterinary drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011746 zinc citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006076 zinc citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940068475 zinc citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011670 zinc gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011478 zinc gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application of zinc glutamate and derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth. In the invention, the zinc glutamate is found to have low water-solubility, high acid resisting ability and high bioavailability; used as the feed additive for promoting growth, the zinc glutamate has higher safety and higher antibiotic activity compared with other zinc sources such as oxide zinc, basic zinc chloride and zinc glycinate, and the addition of zinc ions can be reduced by 80-90 percent. The invention can reduce the production cost as well as the environmental pollution, and simultaneously reduce the toxic and side effects of high zinc content on animals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention be more particularly directed to a kind of zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof as the application of animal feed additive for promoting growth, belong to field of fodder.
Background technology
Zinc participates in the multiple metabolic response in body as one of necessary trace element of animal body, and growing of animal played an important role.In the intact animal body, the total content of zinc is about 30ppm, and it is 100ppm that pig starter feed zinc requirement is recommended by American National research council (NRC), and pig is very strong to the tolerance of zinc, can reach 20～30 times of normal needs.It is reported, add 3000ppm zinc oxide in daily ration and can significantly improve ablactation stress piglet body weight, average daily gain and daily ingestion amount, diarrhea rate after reducing the material anharmonic ratio and weaning effectively prevents stress of baby pigs caused ablaction syndrome.Studies show that, the action effect of zinc and its interpolation form have certain relation, add 200～500ppm organic zinc growth-promoting effect and be equivalent to 2000～3000ppm zinc oxide in the diet of weanling pig.Along with the generally use of high zinc daily ration, people begin to pay close attention to Pharmacological Level of Zinc to the toxic and side effect of body and to the pollution problem of environment.When zinc overdose, cause on the one hand the wasting of resources, cause on the other hand body poisoning, and also exist complicated antagonism between zinc and copper, iron, any in daily ration the change of content may affect the absorption of other elements and cause that it does the variation of character mutually, even can have influence on the change of whole organism physiology situation.
Three phases has been experienced in the zinc source exploitation of feed.The zinc source of adding the earliest is inorganic zinc, as zinc oxide, alkali formula glycine zine etc.A large amount of researchs are thought, high dose zinc oxide can promote the periglottis taste buds cell to regenerate rapidly, modulation of appetite, the growth of some harmful bacteria of inhibition enteron aisle and food and extend are in the alimentary canal time of staying, guaranteed nutriment digesting and assimilating at enteron aisle, reduce the fermentation of large intestine microorganism and effectively suppressed grice diarrhoea, thereby improved daily gain.Hill and Cromwell (1996) studies show that, high zinc (3000ppm zinc oxide) daily ration level has facilitation to the growth of piglet.Find that subsequently the organic mineral salt is more easily absorbed by animal and utilizes, this mainly comprises zinc gluconate, zinc citrate etc.Organic zinc is closer to the action mode in body, and biological value will be higher than inorganic zinc.Organic zinc is stable existence in alimentary canal, can not form with other materials and hinder the compound that absorbs, and can more effectively by intestinal villi transporte to cells epithelium, then change into the form with biological function.
Novel third generation zinc element additive is mainly zinc-amino acid chelate, comprise glycine zine, zinc methionine and lysine-zn etc., it has good biochemistry stability, because being positioned at the metal ion with five-membered ring or six-membered ring chelate center, it can pass through the intestinal villi brush border, therefore easily absorb for animal, have no side effect and biological value higher than inorganic zinc, become a kind of comparatively desirable feed addictive.The character of part differs addition because of different the differing greatly in zinc source but the network of different amino acid ligands (chela) closes zinc, and the inorganic zinc addition is higher, and the organic zinc addition is relatively low, and piglet is added period generally within 1～4 week after ablactation.But the zinc source of different aminoacids part has different physicochemical properties, particularly water-soluble, acid-fast ability and Determination of oil-water partition coefficient, because the water-soluble and acid-fast ability of compound can affect the absorption dynamics process in body, suitable Determination of oil-water partition coefficient is relevant with the antibacterial activity of compound.Although the glycine zine of commonly using clinically now and zinc methionine want high than the bioavilability of inorganic zinc, but the solubility in its water is high and acid-fast ability poor (seeing the result of the test in content of the present invention), therefore the existing high bioavilability that can guarantee in its body of desirable zinc-amino acid chelate will have in addition lower water-soluble and stronger acid-fast ability guarantee trace element and arrive enteron aisle with the form of organic and be absorbed and used.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome weak point of the prior art, the application of a kind of zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof as animal feed additive for promoting growth is provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof is as the application of animal feed additive for promoting growth.
Described zinc glutamate comprises: glutamic acid and zinc 2: 1 in molar ratio or the chelate that forms at 1: 1.
Described derivative comprises:
(1) zinc glutamate and the different sour different salt that form are as hydrochloride, phosphate and the sulfate etc. of zinc glutamate;
(2) glutamic acid becomes inner complex salt or the chelate that forms with zinc ion after monoesters;
(3) chelate or the salt of N-carbamylglutamic acid and different salt, acid amides and zinc ion formation;
(4) the different shiff alkali that form as the basis take zinc glutamate;
(5) the different amide compounds that form as the basis take zinc glutamate;
(6) with the dipeptides of a kind of formation in glutamic acid and amino acid and the chelate of zinc ion formation;
(7) chelate or the salt of the formation of glutamine and zinc ion.
Described animal comprises various cultivated animals, as: the various artificial feeding animals such as pig, chicken, duck, goose, beef cattle, milk cow, sheep, various fish and shrimp, fox, ermine, racoon dog.
Described zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof is applied to the different growth phases of animal as the application of animal feed additive for promoting growth.
When described animal feed is perfect compound feed, add zinc glutamate as growth promoter, take feed weight as benchmark, the consumption of glutamic acid is in the zinc element, and its content is 50～500ppm.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art: the present invention finds that first the zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof is as the effect of animal feed additive for promoting growth.The present invention finds that zinc glutamate has low aqueous solubility, stronger acid-fast ability and high bioavilability, zinc glutamate is used as feed additive for promoting growth, have higher security and antibacterial activity than other zinc source (comprising zinc oxide, basic zinc chloride and glycine zine etc.), the addition of zinc ion can reduce 80-90%, can reduce production costs and reduce pollution to environment, reduce high zinc to the toxic and side effect of animal simultaneously.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
(1) synthetic zinc glutamate:
The preparation of A, 10% monosodium glutamate solution: take 100 gram sodium glutamates (chemical pure) and be dissolved in 1000ml water;
The preparation of B, 14.38% solution of zinc sulfate: accurately essence amount 143.8 gram white vitriols (chemical pure) are dissolved in 1000ml in water;
C, each 1000ml of 10% monosodium glutamate solution and 14.38% solution of zinc sulfate is mixed, then the pH value with the aforementioned mixed solution of NaOH solution adjusting transfers to 7.0, stirring at room reaction 2 hours, centrifugal, get precipitation, water suspended centrifugal washing precipitation 3 times is then dried to constant weight for 100 ℃, obtain 116.64 gram zinc glutamates, yield is 96.09%.
The glutamic acid of the zinc glutamate that (2) step (1) is obtained and the content of zinc ion are measured respectively:
The mensuration of A, zinc ion content: accurately take 1.0 gram zinc glutamates, add water 80ml, then use 0.1MHCl adjust pH to 2.0, be stirred to zinc glutamate and dissolve fully, measure the content of zinc ion in solution with atom absorption method, recording zinc ion concentration is 2.776mg/ml.
The assay of B, glutamic acid: accurately take 1.0 gram zinc glutamates, add water 80ml, then use 0.1MHCl adjust pH to 2.0, after being stirred to the whole dissolvings of zinc glutamate, measure the content of glutamic acid with amino-acid analyzer, the content that records glutamic acid is 6.432mg/ml.
Thereby in definite zinc glutamate, the mol ratio of zinc ion and glutamic acid is 1: 1, and in zinc glutamate, crystallization water content is 7.93%, and therefore, the molecular structure level of the zinc glutamate that step (1) obtains is the zinc glutamate that contains a crystallization water, and molecular weight is 227.
(3) the antibacterial activity in vitro research of the zinc glutamate that obtains of step (1)
1. test material
A, culture medium: LB fluid nutrient medium: the 10g tryptone, 5g yeast extract and 10g NaCl are dissolved in the 800ml distilled water, with being settled to 1000mL after 1M NaOH adjust pH to 7.4, autoclaving 20min;
B, bacterial strain: e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and staphylococcus aureus PNB14 reference culture, all preserve the center available from China Veterinary Drugs Supervisory Inst.'s bacterial classification;
C, test tube: 10ml teat glass with cover;
D, medicine: ZnO solution: 0.2% (in zinc ion, use the 0.01M dissolving with hydrochloric acid, the mass/volume percent concentration, lower same); Glycine zine ((C
2H
4NO
2)
2ZnH
2O) solution: 0.2% (in zinc ion); Basic zinc chloride (Zn
5CL
2(OH)
8.H
2O): 0.2% (in zinc ion, using the 0.01M dissolving with hydrochloric acid); Zinc glutamate solution: 0.2% (with the DMSO dissolving, in zinc ion);
2. test method: determination of tube method zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and the zinc glutamate antibacterial activity to e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and staphylococcus aureus PNB14:
A, establish 12 groups, every group comprises 12 sterile test tube, numbering 1～12; Every large group establish three parallel, namely comprise three groups;
Under B, aseptic condition, add respectively 2.0 milliliters of LB fluid nutrient mediums to the, 1 to 11 pipe;
C, the zinc oxide with preparing, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride or zinc glutamate solution to be checked add respectively 2.0 milliliters to the 1st pipe, after being mixed, the 1st pipe gets 2.0 milliliters to the 3rd pipe, successively to the 10 manage, then get 2.0 milliliters from the 10th pipe and lose, and the 11st pipe is made positive control for not adding antiradiation drug;
C, separately prepare 2.0 milliliters of LB Liquid Culture parent tubes (the 12nd pipe) and do not add medicine and bacterium, as negative control;
D, 1-11 pipe adds respectively e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and the staphylococcus aureus PNB14 for test, and (concentration of bacterium is about respectively 10 to every pipe 5.0 microlitre bacterium liquid
8Cfu/ml, cell age is 16-18 hour);
E, 37 ℃ of static cultivations 16 hours visually observe and have or not bacterial growth, and last pipe Chinese traditional medicine concentration that bacterial growth do not occur is namely that medicine is to the minimal inhibitory concentration (μ g/ml) of corresponding bacterium; Positive control is answered the visible haze growth, and negative control should be clarified.
3. result of the test:
In zinc ion, zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride are 400 μ g/ml, 400 μ g/ml and 400 μ g/ml (in zinc ion) to the minimal inhibitory concentration of e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and staphylococcus aureus PNB14, and zinc glutamate to the minimal inhibitory concentration of e. coli jm109, salmonella typhimurium 50772 and staphylococcus aureus PNB14 for being respectively 100 μ g/ml, 100 μ g/ml and 100 μ g/ml (in zinc ion), antibacterial activity has improved 4 times.
The antibacterial activity comparative studies result of table 1 Different Zinc Source compound
(4) Security test (the rat LD of the zinc glutamate that obtains of step (1)
50Measure, improve karber's method)
1. test material
Rat: available from Nanfang Medical Univ's Experimental Animal Center, body weight 120～150 grams, male and female half and half.
Supply test specimen: zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and zinc glutamate
Equipment: syringe, gavage syringe needle, mouse cage
2. test method
A, obtain causing animal 0% (Dn) and the dead dosage of 100% (Dm) by preliminary experiment, wherein the Dn of zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and zinc glutamate and Dm see Table 2.
Table 2 Different Zinc Source compound rat LD50 trial test result (Dn and Dm)
| Compound | Dn (mg/kg body weight) | Dm (mg/kg body weight) |
| Zinc oxide | 1600 | 2100 |
| Glycine zine | 500 | 700 |
| Basic zinc chloride | 1400 | 1660 |
| Zinc glutamate | 9600 | 14400 |
The maximum reactivity of B, this requirement of experiment is 100%, and the minimal reaction rate is 0%, or at least reactivity near 100% or 0%; Between group, Dn and the Dm value of dose ratio according to above-mentioned each compound, on average arrange 8 dosage between Dn to Dm, every group of 10 rats.When as adjacent doses occurring in experiment, 100% and 0% reactivity of repetition being arranged, the group of keeping to the side should be discarded and disregard, the reactivity that makes heavy dose of group only have 100%, small dose group also only has the reactivity of 0%; Divide into groups complete and each group after dosage calculates, grouping gavages zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and the zinc glutamate of various dose; Observed 7 days after administration, viewing duration records the toxic reaction situation of animal and the distribution of dead animal day by day.
C, account form are respectively organized the death rate by LD50 and the fiducial limit (P=0.95) of following formula Different Zinc Source compound to rat according to formal experiment
A, when the death rate of minimum dose group is 0%, when the death rate of maximum dose group is 100%, calculate LD50 by following formula:
LD
50＝lg
-1[Xm-i(∑p-0.5)]
B, when the death rate of minimum dose group greater than 0% and less than 30%, or the death rate of maximum dose group can be calculated LD by following updating formula less than 100% and greater than 70% the time
50:
LD
50Standard error:
LD
50Average fiducial limit: LD
50± 4.5S
x50LD
50(P=0.95);
In following formula, Xm is the logarithm of maximum dose group dosage, and i is the difference (heavy dose of group subtracts small dose group) of two adjacent groups log10 dose, and Pm is the maximum dose group death rate, and Pn is the minimum dose group death rate, and P is each group death rate, and n is every treated animal number.
D, result of the test
In zinc ion, rat sees Table 3 to the dead dosage of oral half (LD50) of all given the test agent, and result shows that zinc glutamate is all higher than the security of zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride.
Table 3 glycine zine, basic zinc chloride and the zinc glutamate oral median lethal dose result of study to rat
| Given the test agent | LD50 (the mg/kg body weight is in compound) | LD50 (the mg/kg body weight is in zinc ion) |
| Zinc oxide | 1800 | 1435.5 |
| Glycine zine | 600 | 165.1 |
| Basic zinc chloride | 1500 | 855 |
| Zinc glutamate | 12000 | 3345.1 |
(5) mensuration of the zinc glutamate equilbrium solubility that obtains of step (1)
1. test material
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, NaOH, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, five water zinc sulphates and basic zinc chloride etc. are chemically pure reagent.
2. test method
The preparation of A, buffer solution: secure ph is respectively 2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0 phosphate buffer (PBS, 0.1M).
The mensuration of B, equilbrium solubility: getting zinc glutamate, to add respectively the pH value be in 2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0 100ml PBS solution, 60 ℃ of heating water baths also ultrasonicly no longer dissolve to medicine, put into water bath chader, temperature keeps (37 ± 1) ℃, jolting 24h; After saturated solution centrifugation, with the zinc ion in Solution by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, calculate the equilbrium solubility of zinc glutamate; Same procedure is measured the equilbrium solubility of zinc oxide, glycine zine, basic zinc chloride.
3. result of the test
Result shows the soluble in water and acid water dissolubility of glycine zine; And basic zinc chloride and zinc oxide are water insoluble, but easily molten under acid condition; Zinc glutamate is water-soluble low, and acidproof endurance is strong.
The equilbrium solubility of table 4 zinc glutamate, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride
(6) Determination of oil-water partition coefficient of the zinc glutamate that obtains of step (1) is measured
1. test material
N-octyl alcohol, zinc glutamate, zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride
2. test method, take zinc glutamate as example, zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride detect with following methods equally
A, zinc glutamate are measured in the equilbrium solubility of n-octyl alcohol solution: take 1 gram zinc glutamate, add 60 ℃ of heating water baths of 100 milliliters of n-octyl alcohol solution and ultrasonicly no longer dissolve to medicine, put into water bath chader, temperature keeps (37 ± 1) ℃, jolting 24h; After saturated solution centrifugation, the zinc ion with in Solution by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry calculates the equilbrium solubility of zinc glutamate in n-octyl alcohol solution.
B, vortex time are investigated: getting mass concentration is 400mgL
-1Zinc glutamate n-octyl alcohol solution (n-octyl alcohol after saturated by water) 0.5ml, add the 0.1molL after saturated by n-octyl alcohol
-1Hydrochloric acid solution 5ml, difference vortex 5,10,20,45,60min, 10000rmin
-1Centrifugal 2min gets the n-octyl alcohol layer and measures the content of zinc ion in n-octyl alcohol with atom absorption method; Determine the suitableeest vortex time.
C, Determination of oil-water partition coefficient are measured: get n-octyl alcohol solution (saturated by the water) 0.5ml of zinc glutamate as oil phase, add entry-cushioning liquid (saturated by n-octyl alcohol) 5ml as water, vortex min (fixed according to the result of step 2), 10000rmin
-1Centrifugal 2min, the oil phase 0.1ml that gets the upper strata measures zinc ion concentration with atom absorption method, calculates zinc glutamate in the distribution situation of oil phase and aqueous phase, calculates profit and divides distribution coefficient (P)=Po/Pw.
3. result of the test
Solubility glycine zine in water is the highest, and basic zinc chloride and glutamic acid take second place, and zinc oxide is minimum.Solubility at n-octyl alcohol solution Glutamic Acid zinc is the highest, and glycine zine and basic zinc chloride take second place, and zinc oxide is minimum.The Determination of oil-water partition coefficient that calculates each compound Determination of oil-water partition coefficient of zinc oxide and zinc glutamate as can be known is higher, and the Determination of oil-water partition coefficient of basic zinc chloride and glycine zine lower (table 5).The compound profit distributes higher, and it is fat-soluble stronger, and its antibacterial activity is relatively also high.Although the Determination of oil-water partition coefficient of zinc oxide is higher, its acid-fast ability is relatively poor, therefore can affect its antibacterial activity in vivo.
The equilbrium solubility of table 5 zinc glutamate, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride
(6) growth-promoting effect of the zinc glutamate that obtains of step (1) test
1. test material
Experimental animal: 60 weanling pigs, the people live in plenty in Guangdong plants the pig farm provides.
Feed: do not contain 303 type pig perfect compound feeds of any antibacterials, the people live in plenty in Guangdong herding Development Co., Ltd feed factory is special.
Given the test agent: zinc glutamate, zinc oxide, glycine zine and basic zinc chloride
2. test method
A, the various dose zinc glutamate growth promoting function effect comparative studies to pork pig
60 weanling pigs such as table 6 grouping, 10 every group.Each group is added different growth promoters in feed after, free choice feeding, weightening finish and the price of deed of rear 15 days each test group test pig of statistics wean, screening zinc glutamate be as the dose,optimum of pig with growth promoter, and zinc oxide and the zinc glutamate difference to the growth enhancing effect of pig relatively.
The growth promotion test grouping of table 6 variable concentrations zinc glutamate pork pig
| Group | Size of animal | Average initial weight (kg) | Growth promoter | Concentration (ppm) * |
| Do not add short long agent control group | 10 | 8.60 | - | - |
| Zinc oxide-2500 | 10 | 8.85 | Zinc oxide | 2500 |
| Zinc glutamate-500 | 10 | 8.62 | Zinc glutamate | 500 |
| Zinc glutamate-250 | 10 | 8.68 | Zinc glutamate | 250 |
| Zinc glutamate-125 | 10 | 8.75 | Zinc glutamate | 125 |
| Zinc glutamate-62.5 | 10 | 8.66 | Zinc glutamate | 62.5 |
*: the working concentration of different growth promoters is in the zinc ion in compound.
The growth-promoting effect comparative studies of the compound of B, Different Zinc Source to pork pig
50 weanling pigs such as table 5 grouping, 10 every group.Each group is added the growth promoter of Different Zinc Source in feed after, free choice feeding, weightening finish and the price of deed of rear 15 days each test group test pig of statistics wean, and zinc glutamate and the Different Zinc Source compound difference to the growth enhancing effect of pig relatively.
The grouping of table 7 Different Zinc Source compound to the growth promotion test of pork pig
| Group | Size of animal | Average initial weight (kg) | Growth promoter | Concentration (ppm) * |
| Do not add short long agent control group | 10 | 8.22 | - | - |
| Zinc oxide-2500 | 10 | 8.15 | Zinc oxide | 250 |
| Zinc glutamate-250 | 10 | 8.20 | Zinc glutamate | 250 |
| Basic zinc chloride-2500 | 10 | 8.28 | Basic zinc chloride | 2500 |
| Glycine zine-500 | 10 | 8.15 | Glycine zine | 500 |
*: the working concentration of different growth promoters is in the zinc ion in compound.
3. result of the test
A, the various dose zinc glutamate growth promoting function effect comparative studies to pork pig
Zinc glutamate to the growth promoting function effect of pork pig present dosage correlation the feeding experiment process in, the zinc oxide group (2500ppm) of high dose shows obvious growth promoting function, duration of test flat increase counterpoise more not the giving growth promoter control group improve 11.83%, the price of deed reduces by 0.216.The zinc glutamate of various dose group all shows growth enhancing effect in various degree, and wherein the zinc oxide group of the growth-promoting effect of 250ppm and 500ppm dosage group and 2500ppm is close, and the zinc glutamate of results suggest 250ppm can replace the zinc oxide of 2500ppm.
The growth promotion result of the test of table 8 zinc glutamate to pig
| Group | Size of animal (only) | Survival rate (%) | Average weight gain (kg) | The relative weight gain rate (%) | Total augment weight (kg) | Total feed consumption (kg) | Feedstuff-meat ratio |
| Not dosing control group | 10 | 100 | 4.06 | - | 40.6 | 82.50 | 2.032 |
| Zinc oxide-2500 | 10 | 100 | 4.54 | 111.83 | 45.4 | 82.45 | 1.816 |
| Zinc glutamate-500 | 10 | 100 | 4.66 | 114.78 | 46.6 | 84.58 | 1.815 |
| Zinc glutamate-250 | 10 | 100 | 4.58 | 112.81 | 45.8 | 83.40 | 1.821 |
| Zinc glutamate-125 | 10 | 100 | 4.33 | 106.65 | 43.3 | 80.45 | 1.858 |
| Zinc glutamate-62.5 | 10 | 100 | 4.15 | 102.22 | 41.5 | 78.48 | 1.891 |
The growth-promoting effect comparative studies of the compound of B, Different Zinc Source to pork pig
The compound of Different Zinc Source has notable difference to the growth enhancing effect of pork pig.In the feeding experiment process, zinc oxide group (2500ppm) and the basic zinc chloride group (2500ppm) of high dose all show obvious growth promoting function, relative negative control group, the duration of test weightening finish improves 9.28% and 7.74%, and the price of deed also improves respectively 0.204 and 0.203.Growth-promoting effect and the zinc oxide of the zinc glutamate of 250ppm are suitable, and the weightening finish of duration of test has improved 9.80% price of deed than negative control group and improved 0.207; But the growth-promoting effect of glycine zine group is not obvious, and to compare difference not remarkable with the weightening finish of negative control group.Consider the problems such as growth-promoting effect, security, toxic and side effect and environmental pollution, zinc glutamate should be the growth promotion that the desirable substitute of zinc oxide is used for animal.
The growth promotion result of the test of table 9 zinc glutamate to pig
| Group | Size of animal (only) | Survival rate (%) | Average weight gain (kg) | The relative weight gain rate (%) | Total augment weight (kg) | Total feed consumption (kg) | Feedstuff-meat ratio |
| Not dosing control group | 10 | 100 | 3.88 | 100 | 38.8 | 82.10 | 2.116 |
| Zinc oxide-2500 | 10 | 100 | 4.24 | 109.28 | 42.4 | 81.06 | 1.912 |
| Zinc glutamate-250 | 10 | 100 | 4.26 | 109.80 | 42.6 | 81.32 | 1.909 |
| Basic zinc chloride-2500 | 10 | 100 | 4.18 | 107.74 | 41.8 | 79.96 | 1.913 |
| Glycine zine-500 | 10 | 100 | 4.03 | 103.87 | 40.3 | 81.00 | 2.010 |
Embodiment 2
The growth-promoting effect test of the derivative of different zinc glutamates to animal
(1) preparation of the derivative of different zinc glutamates
A, zinc glutamate hydrochloride: take 100 gram ZnCl
2With 137.3 gram sodium glutamates, be dissolved in respectively in 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, will both mix, with the 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution, the pH value of mixed solution is transferred to 4.0, heating and continuous stirring are reacted, and gather in the crops crystallization and dry to constant weight.Get product and be dissolved in water with 1 gram and be settled to 100ml, measure the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method), chlorion (Moire technique) and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in solution.Zinc ion concentration is 2.692mg/ml as a result, and chloride ion content is 1.470mg/ml, and the content of glutamic acid is 6.005mg/ml, and the crystal that can infer thus gained is the zinc glutamate hydrochloride that zinc glutamate and hydrochloric acid formed in 1: 1 in molar ratio.
The preparation of B, glutamic acid methyl ester chelates of zinc: take 100 gram ZnSO47H
2O and 115.6 gram glutamic acid methyl esters are dissolved in respectively in 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, will both mix, with 1M sodium hydroxide solution seasoning pH value to 7.0, centrifugal collecting precipitation, and after water centrifuge washing three times 100 ℃ dry to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution, the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method) and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in mensuration solution.Zinc ion concentration is 1.613mg/ml as a result, and the content of glutamic acid is 7.941mg/ml, and the product that can infer thus gained is the chelate with a part crystallization water that was formed in 2: 1 in molar ratio by glutamic acid methyl ester and zinc ion.
The preparation of C, N-carbamylglutamic acid zinc: take 100 gram ZnSO47H
2O and 68.8 gram N-carbamylglutamic acids are dissolved in respectively in 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, will both mix, with 1M sodium hydroxide solution seasoning pH value to 7.0, centrifugal collecting precipitation, and after water centrifuge washing three times 100 ℃ dry to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution, the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method) and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in mensuration solution.Zinc ion concentration is 2.407mg/ml as a result, and the content of glutamic acid is 5.4451mg/ml, and the product that can infer thus gained is the chelate with a part crystallization water that was formed in 1: 1 in molar ratio by N-carbamylglutamic acid and zinc ion.
The preparation of D, glutamine zinc: take 100 gram ZnSO47H
2O and 209.4 gram glutamine are dissolved in respectively in 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, will both mix, with 1M sodium hydroxide solution seasoning pH value to 7.0, centrifugal collecting precipitation, and after water centrifuge washing three times 100 ℃ dry to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution, the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method) and glutamine (amino-acid analyzer) in mensuration solution.Zinc ion concentration is 1.791mg/ml as a result, and the content of glutamic acid is 7.989mg/ml, and the product that can infer thus gained is the chelate with a part crystallization water that was formed in 2: 1 in molar ratio by N-carbamylglutamic acid and zinc ion.
The preparation of E, lysyl zinc glutamate: take 100 gram ZnSO47H
2O and 98.6 gram lysyl glutamic acid are dissolved in respectively in 1000ml water, stir to dissolving fully, will both mix, with 1M sodium hydroxide solution seasoning pH value to 7.0, centrifugal collecting precipitation, and after water centrifuge washing three times 100 ℃ dry to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution, measure the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method), lysine and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in solution.Zinc ion concentration is 1.826mg/ml as a result, lysine content 4.102mg/ml, the content of glutamic acid is 4.130mg/ml, and the product that can infer thus gained is the chelate with a part crystallization water that was formed in 1: 1 in molar ratio by lysyl glutamic acid and zinc ion.
The preparation of F, Complex of N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid zinc (zinc glutamate shiff alkali): 0.02mmol potassium hydroxide is dissolved in 1000mL distilled water. and be added drop-wise to 500mL and contain in 0.02mmol sodium glutamate and 0.02mmol salicylide ethanolic solution, under 80 ℃ of water-baths, then stirring reaction 2h adds 1000ml to contain 0.02mmolZnSO47H
2The O aqueous solution is regulated pH to 7.0, continues reaction 8h, and the cold filtration collecting precipitation is also dried to constant weight.Get and be settled to 100ml water after 1 gram product dissolves fully with 0.01M HCl solution, the content of zinc ion (atomic absorption method) and glutamic acid (amino-acid analyzer) in mensuration solution.Zinc ion concentration is 1.835mg/ml as a result, and the content of glutamic acid is 4.200mg/ml, and the product that can infer thus gained is the chelate with a part crystallization water that was formed in 1: 1 in molar ratio by Complex of N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid and zinc ion.
(2) research of zinc glutamate derivative to the promoting animal growth effect
1. test material
Experimental animal: 90 weanling pigs: the people live in plenty in Guangdong plants the pig farm provides;
Feed: do not contain 303 type pig perfect compound feeds of any antibacterials, the people live in plenty in Guangdong herding Development Co., Ltd feed factory is special;
Given the test agent: six kinds of zinc glutamate derivatives (zinc glutamate hydrochloride, glutamic acid methyl ester chelates of zinc, N-carbamylglutamic acid zinc, glutamine zinc, lysyl zinc glutamate and Complex of N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid zinc), the ZnO of zinc glutamate, step (1) preparation.
2. test method
90 weanling pigs such as table 9 grouping, 10 every group.Each group is added different growth promoters (seeing Table 10) in feed after, free choice feeding, weightening finish and the price of deed of rear 15 days each test group test pig of statistics wean, and ZnO and the zinc glutamate or derivatives thereof difference to the growth-promoting effect of pig relatively.
The growth promotion test grouping of the different zinc glutamate derivatives of table 10 to pork pig
| Group | Size of animal | Average initial weight (kg) | Growth promoter | Concentration (ppm) * |
| 1 | 10 | 8.12 | - | - |
| 2 | 10 | 8.15 | ZnO | 2500 |
| 3 | 10 | 8.02 | Zinc glutamate | 250 |
| 4 | 10 | 8.3 | The zinc glutamate hydrochloride | 250 |
| 5 | 10 | 8.14 | The glutamic acid methyl ester chelates of zinc | 250 |
| 6 | 10 | 8.11 | Zinc glutamate | 250 |
| 7 | 10 | 8.03 | N-carbamylglutamic acid zinc | 250 |
| 8 | 10 | 8.06 | The lysyl zinc glutamate | 250 |
| 9 | 10 | 8.08 | Complex of N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid zinc | 250 |
*: the working concentration of different growth promoters is in the zinc ion in compound.
3. the zinc glutamate derivative is tested result of the test to the growth promotion of pork pig
Result of the test in embodiment 1 has confirmed that there is suitable growth promoting function in the zinc oxide zinc source of the zinc glutamate zinc source of 250ppm and 2500ppm.The zinc oxide zinc source (group 2) of the zinc glutamate zinc source of 250ppm in the present embodiment (group 3) and 2500ppm has improved respectively 11.36% and 10.63% than the average weight gain of control group, feedstuff-meat ratio has also reduced respectively 0.273 and 0.261, has reconfirmed that the zinc glutamate zinc source of 250ppm in the feed process for preparation can substitute the zinc oxide zinc source of 2500ppm.In addition, the various derivatives of zinc glutamate and paddy ammonia zinc have suitable growth-promoting effect (table 11), and the derivative of results suggest zinc glutamate and zinc glutamate have suitable biological effect.
The growth promotion result of the test of the different zinc glutamate derivatives of table 11 to pig
| Group | Size of animal (only) | Survival rate (%) | Average weight gain (kg) | The relative weight gain rate (%) | Total augment weight (kg) | Total feed consumption (kg) | Feedstuff-meat ratio |
| 1 | 10 | 100 | 3.76 | 100 | 37.6 | 81.4 | 2.165 |
| 2 | 10 | 100 | 4.19 | 111.44 | 41.9 | 80.6 | 1.924 |
| 3 | 10 | 100 | 4.22 | 112.24 | 42.2 | 81.0 | 1.919 |
| 4 | 10 | 100 | 4.20 | 111.71 | 42 | 80.6 | 1.918 |
| 5 | 10 | 100 | 4.18 | 111.17 | 41.8 | 80.4 | 1.924 |
| 6 | 10 | 100 | 4.16 | 110.64 | 41.6 | 80.0 | 1.922 |
| 7 | 10 | 100 | 4.12 | 109.58 | 41.2 | 79.0 | 1.917 |
| 8 | 10 | 100 | 4.26 | 113.30 | 42.6 | 81.3 | 1.908 |
| 9 | 10 | 100 | 4.20 | 111.71 | 42 | 81.0 | 1.929 |
Above-described embodiment is the better embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. Complex of N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid zinc as the application of animal feed additive for promoting growth, is characterized in that:
Described Complex of N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid zinc prepares by the following method: 0.02mmol potassium hydroxide is dissolved in 1000mL distilled water, being added drop-wise to 500mL contains in 0.02mmol sodium glutamate and 0.02mmol salicylide ethanolic solution, under 80 ℃ of water-baths, then stirring reaction 2h adds 1000ml to contain 0.02mmol ZnSO
47H
2The O aqueous solution is regulated pH to 7.0, continues reaction 8h, and the cold filtration collecting precipitation is also dried to constant weight;
Described animal is pig.
2. Complex of N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid zinc according to claim 1 as the application of animal feed additive for promoting growth, is characterized in that: described Complex of N-Salicylidene Glutamic Acid zinc is applied to each growth phase of animal.
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| CN102550830B (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2015-01-14 | 长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司 | Method for applying and preparing gamma-aminobutyric acid complex compound |
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| CN1668577A (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2005-09-14 | 金宝公司 | Metal complexes of alpha amino dicarboxylic acids |
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