CN101775560A - Nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel and production method thereof - Google Patents

Nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101775560A
CN101775560A CN200910045277A CN200910045277A CN101775560A CN 101775560 A CN101775560 A CN 101775560A CN 200910045277 A CN200910045277 A CN 200910045277A CN 200910045277 A CN200910045277 A CN 200910045277A CN 101775560 A CN101775560 A CN 101775560A
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percent
stainless steel
austenitic stainless
nickel
low
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CN101775560B (en
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林刚
沈继程
江来珠
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses a nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel. The weight percentages of chemical compositions are as follows: less than or equal to 0.1 percent of C, less than or equal to 2.0 percent of Si, 3.0 percent to 4.9 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.006 percent of S, 16.0 percent to 18.0 percent of Cr, 4.0 percent to 6.0 percent of Ni, 3.0 percent to 5.0 percent of Cu and less than or equal to 0.1 percent of N, 0.04 percent to 0.1 percent of Ce or 0.002 percent to 0.005 percent of B is added as well, and the rest is Fe and inevitable impurities. On the basis of the prior nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel, a moderate amount of Cu element is added, so that excellent plasticity is obtained, and meanwhile, since a Ce or B element is added, the stainless steel with good hot workability is obtained. On the basis of keeping the original low cost, the invention appropriately enhances the cold-forming property and the hot-working property.

Description

A kind of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy, relate in particular to a kind of prescription and manufacture method thereof of austenitic stainless steel.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of economy and people's living standard, stainless demand is day by day increased.The quick growth of stainless steel demand has stimulated the fluctuation of stainless steel price again, and stainless price directly is subjected to the violent influence of nickel valency fluctuation again simultaneously.In order to reduce stainless production cost, in order to alleviate the dependence to nickel, exploitation joint nickel novel product has cheaply become inevitable simultaneously.
Concerning nickeliferous 304 higher series austenitic stainless steel, nickel is scarce resource, and because of himself characteristic or the effect added as alloying element, nickel must be stablized, the supply of reasonable price ground, and one of best solution is exactly to economize nickelization.To becoming the steel grade of province's nickel object, need not satisfy all characteristics of 304 steel grades, can suitably replace according to purposes, thereby realize economizing the nickel target.Like this, not only can reduce product price, also can be the saves valuable nickel resources and make contributions.China is the major country of production of Stainless Steel Products, and the Stainless Steel Products of producing according to the sector association statistics China accounts for 67% of Gross World Product, and 304 series stainless steel cold drawings are main materials kinds of the sector.As seen, at industries such as goods, exploitation joint nickel 304 series stainless steels cheaply has very big market development space.The 304J1 stainless steel product is that joint nickel 304 is stainless representative steel grade, because the lower and excellent property of its price receives praises from customers, gains recognition gradually and uses in some industries, and as the goods industry, sales volume constantly enlarges, and profit is very considerable.
's one of developing direction of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel with copper for nickel.Adding copper in austenitic stainless steel not only can instead of part nickel, to reduce the cost of material; Can also suitably improve plasticity, make material keep or surpass the cold-formed performance of original steel grade.But the add-on of copper is difficult for too much, otherwise can obviously reduce the hot workability of material, thereby has reduced lumber recovery, and product cost is increased.Therefore, in the add-on of choose reasonable copper, also to consider how to improve the hot workability of material.And add the thermoplasticity beneficial trace elements is one of effective means, and as elements such as Ce and B, the interpolation of these trace elements neither can damage other performances of material, can also improve the hot workability of material effectively, and with low cost.In addition, add an amount of austenite formers such as manganese and also can play the effect of saving nickel, but manganese is difficult for interpolation too much, otherwise can reduce the plasticity and the corrosion resisting property of material.
Table 1 has been listed the chemical ingredients of main cupric low-nickel austenitic stainless steels more of the prior art.Wherein, as Japanese patent application publication No. JP3224210 is the antibiotic austenitic stainless steel of a kind of cupric of exploitation, its chemical ingredients scope is very wide as can be seen, the composition that has almost comprised all common austenitic stainless steels, but its requirement must contain a certain amount of Al, also require to satisfy Ni equivalent 〉=20, this is one of difference with common austenitic stainless steel.In addition, such anti-bacteria stainless steel kind needs increase special treatment production technology, the copper-rich phase particle with anti-microbial property are separated out, so that material has anti-microbial property from matrix.As seen the manufacturing process of this class steel grade is also different with common stainless steel.Japanese patent application publication No. JP2003119277 also is a kind of austenite antimicrobial stainless steel, and its Ni content is higher 7~16%, and other steel grade all contains higher Mn in the table 1.Can influence the use properties of material when Mn content is higher, as mechanics and corrosion resistance nature, and the Ni content in these steel grades is lower, the cold-forming property of meeting loss material.
Table 1. is the low stainless chemical ingredients of nickel body (wt%) of cupric in the past
The patent No. ??C ??Si ??Mn ??S ??P ??Cr ??Ni ??N ??Cu Other
??JP322421??0 ??≤0.1 ??≤2 ??≤10 ??12~25 ??4~28 ??≤1 ??0.5~??5 Al:0.1~5.0, Ni equivalent: 〉=20
??JP200311??9277 ??0.00??1??~0.0??3 ??0.1~??1 ??0.5~6 ??0.005??~0.02??5 ??15~19 ??7~16 ??0.001??~0.03 ??1~3.??5 ??B:??0.001~0.01,??Mo:0.1??~2.5
??CN12130??13 ??≤0.1 ??≤1 ??5~9 ??≤0.01 ??≤0.05 ??13~19 ??0.1~2 ??0.1~0.4 ??1~4 ??B:??0.05~0.5
??CN12408??39 ??0.01??~??0.08 ??0.1~??1 ??5~11 ??≤0.02 ??≤0.1 ??15~17.??5 ??1~4 ??1~4 ??Ca:??0.01~0.5,??B:<0.05
The patent No. ??C ??Si ??Mn ??S ??P ??Cr ??Ni ??N ??Cu Other
??CN19786??94 ??0.04??~??0.07 ??0.3~??0.5 ??6.0~7.??5 ??≤0.03 ??≤0.04 ??16~18 ??3.5~5.??5 ??0.10~0.??15 ??1.2~??2
??DE59315??8T ??≤0.1??5 ??≤1 ??6.4~8 ??16.5~1??7.5 ??2.5~5 ??≤0.2 ??2~3
??CN17044??97 ??0.03??~??0.12 ??0.2~??1.0 ??7.5~10??.5 ??14~16 ??1~5 ??0.04~0.??25 ??2~5
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is by a kind of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof are provided, on existing low-nickel austenitic stainless steel basis, add proper C u element to obtain good plasticity, add a kind of Ce or B element simultaneously again to obtain the stainless steel of good thermal processability.The present invention keeping on original basis cheaply, the cold-formed performance and the hot workability that have suitably improved.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of above-mentioned purpose is:
A kind of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel, the chemical component weight per distribution ratio is: C :≤0.1, and Si :≤2.0, Mn:3.0~4.9, P :≤0.04, S :≤0.006, Cr:16.0~18.0, Ni:4.0~6.0, Cu:3.0~5.0, N :≤0.1, also be added with 0.04~0.1% Ce or 0.002~0.005% B, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Carbon: be the element that increases alloy strength and save nickel, but be difficult for too much surpassing at 0.1% o'clock and can reducing solidity to corrosion and plasticity, be preferably in below 0.1%.
Silicon: add as reductor, add too much, intensity rising, the plasticity of material are descended.Therefore the adding of silicon is controlled at below 2.0% to well.
Manganese: consider that mainly manganese is austenite former, can play the effect of joint nickel, also thermoplasticity is played certain improvement effect, but can reduce solidity to corrosion too much the time, should be controlled in 3~4.9% scopes.
Phosphorus, sulphur: for thermoplasticity and corrosion proof consideration, these two elements will hang down as far as possible, should control P≤0.04%, S≤0.006%.
Chromium: improve corrosion proof important element, be lower than at 16% o'clock, solidity to corrosion is relatively poor, can not reach service requirements, can increase ferrite formation tendency, need more austenite element but surpass at 18% o'clock, thereby material cost is increased, preferably be controlled between 16~18%.
Nickel: as the element that forms and enlarge the austenitic area consumingly, select suitable addition, reach the control organizational goal according to what and cold-formed performance of other elements.Nickel was difficult for guaranteeing the austenite one phase tissue less than 4.0% o'clock, but the price of nickel is higher, should be controlled at below 6.0% for cost consideration.
Nitrogen: can improve solidity to corrosion, also can save nickel, require N≤0.1%th, have lower intensity and cold-formed preferably property in order to guarantee alloy.
Copper: can improve cold-formed property, solidity to corrosion and wear resistance, also can save nickel, but can reduce the hot workability of steel too much the time, preferably be controlled at 3.0~5.0%.
In addition, add a kind of Ce or B element, can improve stainless thermoplasticity.But these elements can not be too much, otherwise can damage the cold-formed property and the use properties of alloy, preferably controls Ce:0.04~0.1%, B:0.002~0.005%.
A kind of manufacture method of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel, smelt by following weight percent proportioning: C :≤0.1, Si :≤2.0, Mn:3.0~4.9, P :≤0.04, S :≤0.006, Cr:16.0~18.0, Ni:4.0~6.0, Cu:3.0~5.0, N :≤0.1,0.04~0.1% Ce or 0.002~0.005% B, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Earlier with Cu, Ce or B, or the alloy of Ce, B joins in the stainless raw material as batching and smelts, and adopts the method for making common austenitic stainless steel to produce then.
Stainless smelting adopts vacuum induction furnace, electric furnace-AOD duplex to smelt or electric furnace-AOD-VOD.
Smelt back die casting or continuous casting steel billet, hot-roll annealing is handled, and obtains hot-rolled product.
Cold rolling again after the hot rolling, anneal, polishing obtains cold-rolled products.
The present invention makes it compared with prior art owing to adopted above technical scheme, has the following advantages and positively effect: keeping original joint nickel and stainless steel cheaply on the basis, suitably improved cold-formed performance and hot workability.Its temperature-room type plasticity is good, fine corrosion resistance, and manufacturing process is simple.
Embodiment
The test of embodiment sees Table 2 with the austenite stainless steel chemical composition.Its manufacture method adopts electric furnace-AOD smelting stainless steel, continuous casting steel billet, and it is thick to be hot-rolled down to 6mm, 1200 ℃ of breaking down temperature, 900 ℃ of finishing temperatures, hot-rolled sheet is 1050 ℃ of solution annealing, and it is thick to be cold-rolled to 2mm, 1050 ℃ of annealing, pickling.
Embodiment 1-4
After present embodiment 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5 carry out the hot rolling test, find that the limit portion of Comparative Examples 1 hot-rolled sheet has crackle to occur, some position cracking is more serious; And the hot-rolled sheet that adopts the embodiment 1-4 of same hot rolling technology is not found crackle, illustrates that the thermoplasticity of steel is significantly improved behind the elements such as having added boron and rare earth.The hot-rolled sheet of Comparative Examples 2 limit portion also occurs and splits phenomenon for a short time, as seen when Cu surpasses 5%, even the thermoplasticity of steel is still relatively poor behind the elements such as adding boron and rare earth, is difficult for reaching the hot-work requirement.Crackle has also appearred in the limit portion of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 hot-rolled sheets, illustrate elements such as boron and rare earth add steel more after a little while thermoplasticity can not be improved significantly, be difficult for reaching the hot-work requirement.
The thick cold-reduced sheet of present embodiment 1-4 stainless steel 2mm has been carried out the mechanical property detection, and Mechanics Performance Testing the results are shown in Table 3.As can be seen, the stainless plasticity of present embodiment 1-4 all is higher than original steel grade level, illustrates to add the plasticity that can obviously improve steel behind the more copper.According to stainless steel iron trichloride pitting corrosion test method (national standard: GB/T 17897-1999) present embodiment 1-4 stainless steel is carried out the corrosion resistance nature test, detected result sees Table 4, the stainless steel that shows present embodiment is compared with approximate model nickel-saving type 304J1 stainless steel, and solidity to corrosion is suitable.
Table 2. chemical ingredients
Sequence number Standard brand ??C ??Si ??Mn ??P ??S ??Cr ??Ni ??N ??Cu Trace element
Embodiment 1 ??0.041 ??0.51 ??3.0 ??0.01??6 ??0.002 ??17.2 ??5.5 ??0.05??1 ??3.1 ??B:0.003
Embodiment 2 ??0.046 ??0.52 ??4.0 ??0.01??7 ??0.004 ??16.9 ??5.1 ??0.03??4 ??3.4 ??Ce:0.05
Embodiment 3 ??0.044 ??0.57 ??4.7 ??0.01??9 ??0.002 ??17.2 ??4.4 ??0.03??2 ??4.5 ??B:0.004
Embodiment 4 ??0.042 ??0.48 ??4.9 ??0.01??8 ??0.004 ??16.9 ??4.2 ??0.03??5 ??4.9 ??Ce:0.1
Sequence number Standard brand ??C ??Si ??Mn ??P ??S ??Cr ??Ni ??N ??Cu Trace element
Comparative Examples 1 ??0.043 ??0.50 ??4.1 ??0.01??9 ??0.003 ??16.9 ??5.2 ??0.03??1 ??3.6 ??-
Comparative Examples 2 ??0.041 ??0.51 ??4.8 ??0.02??1 ??0.003 ??17.2 ??4.1 ??0.03??2 ??5.2 ??B:0.005
Comparative Examples 3 ??0.043 ??0.50 ??4.7 ??0.02??2 ??0.003 ??17.1 ??5.1 ??0.03??5 ??3.7 ??B:0.001
Comparative Examples 4 ??0.045 ??0.53 ??4.9 ??0.02??3 ??0.003 ??17.0 ??5.1 ??0.03??4 ??3.8 ??Ce:0.03
Comparative Examples 5 Industry 304J1 ??0.052 ??0.52 ??1.80 ??0.03??5 ??0.002 ??17.0 ??6.24 ??0.01??8 ??2.2??9
Table 3 mechanical property
Sequence number Tensile strength, MPa Yield strength, MPa Unit elongation, %
Example 1 ??657 ??286 ??71
Example 2 ??657 ??292 ??72
Example 3 ??643 ??285 ??74
Example 4 ??658 ??294 ??75
Comparative Examples 5 ?645 ??295 ??64
The anti-pitting attack performance of table 4
Sequence number ??E′ b10,v
Example 1 ??0.24
Example 2 ??0.23
Example 3 ??0.22
Example 4 ??0.26
Comparative Examples 5 ??0.24
Be noted that above enumerate only for specific embodiments of the invention, obviously the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many similar variations are arranged thereupon.If those skilled in the art all should belong to protection scope of the present invention from all distortion that content disclosed by the invention directly derives or associates.

Claims (5)

1. low-nickel austenitic stainless steel, it is characterized in that the chemical component weight per distribution ratio is: C :≤0.1, Si :≤2.0, Mn:3.0~4.9, P :≤0.04, S :≤0.006, Cr:16.0~18.0, Ni:4.0~6.0, Cu:3.0~5.0, N :≤0.1, also be added with 0.04~0.1% Ce or 0.002~0.005% B, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. the manufacture method of a low-nickel austenitic stainless steel, it is characterized in that: smelt by following weight percent proportioning: C :≤0.1, Si :≤2.0, Mn:3.0~4.9, P :≤0.04, S :≤0.006, Cr:16.0~18.0, Ni:4.0~6.0, Cu:3.0~5.0, N :≤0.1,0.04~0.1% Ce or 0.002~0.005% B, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Earlier with Cu, Ce or B, or the alloy of Ce, B joins in the stainless raw material as batching and smelts, and adopts the method for making common austenitic stainless steel to produce then.
3. the manufacture method of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: stainless smelting employing vacuum induction furnace, the electric furnace-smelting of AOD duplex or electric furnace-AOD-VOD.
4. as the manufacture method of claim 2 or 3 described low-nickel austenitic stainless steels, it is characterized in that: smelt back die casting or continuous casting steel billet, hot-roll annealing is handled, and obtains hot-rolled product.
5. the manufacture method of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: cold rolling again after the hot rolling, and anneal, polishing obtains cold-rolled products.
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102337481A (en) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-01 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Molybdenum-containing nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance and manufacturing method thereof
CN102605291A (en) * 2012-03-27 2012-07-25 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Ni-saving austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled sheet with excellent processability and manufacturing method thereof
CN103276305A (en) * 2013-05-29 2013-09-04 中宏兴石油设备(北京)有限公司 Preparation process of austenitic stainless steel pipe of high-sulfur-resisting petroleum casing
CN103276316A (en) * 2013-05-17 2013-09-04 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 Austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof
CN105734455A (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-07-06 张家港浦项不锈钢有限公司 Austenitic stainless steel applicable to production of beer barrels and manufacturing method and application thereof
CN110225992A (en) * 2016-12-23 2019-09-10 株式会社Posco Austenitic stainless steel and its manufacturing method with excellent processability and surface characteristic
CN111910122A (en) * 2020-06-17 2020-11-10 宁波宝新不锈钢有限公司 Austenitic antibacterial stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof
CN112111691A (en) * 2020-08-12 2020-12-22 广西柳钢中金不锈钢有限公司 Copper-free nickel-saving cold-rolled austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof

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FR2778188B1 (en) * 1998-04-29 2000-06-02 Ugine Savoie Sa STAINLESS STEEL FOR MAKING DRAWN WIRE IN PARTICULAR TIRE REINFORCEMENT WIRE AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME WIRE
SE525252C2 (en) * 2001-11-22 2005-01-11 Sandvik Ab Super austenitic stainless steel and the use of this steel
CN100507054C (en) * 2005-11-29 2009-07-01 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Corrosion-resistance good-extensibility low-nickel austenitic stainless steel
KR101230201B1 (en) * 2005-12-26 2013-02-05 주식회사 포스코 Austenitic stainless steel with high Mn and low Ni having good cold workability
CN101328565A (en) * 2007-06-22 2008-12-24 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Low nickle type austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102337481A (en) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-01 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Molybdenum-containing nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance and manufacturing method thereof
CN102337481B (en) * 2010-07-20 2013-11-13 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Molybdenum-containing nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance and manufacturing method thereof
CN102605291A (en) * 2012-03-27 2012-07-25 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Ni-saving austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled sheet with excellent processability and manufacturing method thereof
CN103276316A (en) * 2013-05-17 2013-09-04 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 Austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof
CN103276305A (en) * 2013-05-29 2013-09-04 中宏兴石油设备(北京)有限公司 Preparation process of austenitic stainless steel pipe of high-sulfur-resisting petroleum casing
CN103276305B (en) * 2013-05-29 2016-07-06 中宏兴石油设备(北京)有限公司 A kind of preparation technology of the Austenitic stainless steel pipe of the petroleum casing pipe of high sulfur resistive
CN105734455A (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-07-06 张家港浦项不锈钢有限公司 Austenitic stainless steel applicable to production of beer barrels and manufacturing method and application thereof
CN110225992A (en) * 2016-12-23 2019-09-10 株式会社Posco Austenitic stainless steel and its manufacturing method with excellent processability and surface characteristic
CN111910122A (en) * 2020-06-17 2020-11-10 宁波宝新不锈钢有限公司 Austenitic antibacterial stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof
CN112111691A (en) * 2020-08-12 2020-12-22 广西柳钢中金不锈钢有限公司 Copper-free nickel-saving cold-rolled austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof

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