CN101748053B - Reaction system for cultivating microalgae and preparing bioenergy - Google Patents
Reaction system for cultivating microalgae and preparing bioenergy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101748053B CN101748053B CN2008102400287A CN200810240028A CN101748053B CN 101748053 B CN101748053 B CN 101748053B CN 2008102400287 A CN2008102400287 A CN 2008102400287A CN 200810240028 A CN200810240028 A CN 200810240028A CN 101748053 B CN101748053 B CN 101748053B
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/10—Rotating vessel
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
- C12M43/02—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices for liquid fuel extraction; Biorefineries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
- C12M47/18—Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases
Abstract
The invention provides a reaction system for cultivating microalgae and preparing bioenergy, which comprises a microalgae cultivation system and a bioenergy preparation system, in particular to an algae suspension collecting tank (1), an algae suspension delivery pump (2), a photoreactor (4), a gas storage tank (6), a plate frame filter (9), a filtrate storage tank (10), an extraction tank (12), an extraction separating tank (13), an extraction distilling still (14), a grease cooler (15), an ester exchange reaction kettle (16), an ester exchange cooler (17), an ester exchange separating tank (18), an ester exchange distilling still (19), a finished product cooler (20), a fermentation tank (21), a gas collecting tank (22), a solvent oil storage tank (25), a methanol storage tank (26) and the like. The reaction system integrates an algae photoreactor, a collecting device, an oil extraction device, an esterification device and a fermentation device into a whole, realizes the continuousness of raw material oil production and bioenergy preparation and has compact structure, high utilization rate and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biotechnology and clean energy field, relate to the large-scale photoreactor of cultivating microalgae and utilize microalgae grease to prepare the equipment of bioenergy, is the system of a complete cultivating microalgae of cover and production biofuel.
Background technology
Oilseed plant, food crop, trench wet goods raw material are adopted in the preparation of biofuel at present more, have the cost height, growth cycle is long and is subjected to characteristics such as environmental restraint.And adopt algae as the material of preparation biofuel, then have the photosynthetic efficiency height, adaptive capacity to environment is strong, growth cycle is short, the biological yield advantages of higher.
The large-scale breed of little algae mainly is to carry out in reactor, and type mostly is two kinds of open runway pond formula and airtight tubular types, or transformation on this basis and extension.The method that biofuel industry is generally adopted is ester-interchange method, and most of production units mainly comprise pre-esterification device, esterification device, water washing device etc.Biological flue gas adopts fermentation method more.
The present invention combines both culturing microalgae technology and bioenergy technology of preparing, and further innovation on this basis, has omitted pre-esterification device, water washing devices etc. are simplified flow process, raise the efficiency, saving cost, is a whole set of suitable cultivating microalgae and the reactive system for preparing bioenergy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivating microalgae and prepare the reactive system of bioenergy, little algae raw material growth cycle is short, biological yield is high, esterification efficient height, production cost are low.The present invention is specific as follows:
1, both culturing microalgae system: comprise tubular type photoreactor and little algae collection device.
Wherein, the tubular type photoreactor adopts the circle shaped tube type photoreactor usually, and its material can be any transparent material, as: glass, resin etc.
A, tubular type photoreactor: comprise several parts compositions such as photoreactor (4), pipeline, algae liquid holding tank (1), algae liquid transferpump (2), ventpipe (7), gas reservoir (6).Described algae liquid holding tank (1) is divided into outlet and is linked to each other with algae liquid transferpump (2), and algae liquid transferpump exports 1 (3) and links to each other with Glass tubing (4), and the Glass tubing terminal links to each other with algae liquid holding tank suitable for reading 1 (5).Gas reservoir (6) is connected in the pipeline of photoreactor by ventpipe (7).
B, little algae collection device: comprise algae liquid holding tank, algae liquid transferpump, pipeline, filtrate tanks, flame filter press.Described algae liquid holding tank (1) is divided into outlet and is linked to each other with algae liquid transferpump (2), algae liquid transferpump outlet 2 (8) links to each other with the import of flame filter press (9), the outlet of flame filter press (9) and suitable for reading linking to each other of filtrate tanks (10), filtrate tanks (10) end opening connect algae liquid holding tank suitable for reading 2 (11).
2, the bioenergy preparation system comprises biodiesel manufacture device and biological flue gas preparation facilities.
A, biodiesel manufacture device: comprise extractor (12), extracting and separating groove (13), extractive distillation still (14), grease water cooler (15), transesterification reactor (16), transesterify water cooler (17), transesterify separator tank (18), transesterify still kettle (19), finished product water cooler (20) and pipeline.Wherein: it is suitable for reading that extractor (12) connects extracting and separating groove (13).Extracting and separating groove (13) side mouth (23) links to each other with extractive distillation still (14), extractive distillation still (14) links to each other with grease water cooler (15).Transesterification reactor (16) links to each other with transesterify water cooler (17), transesterify separator tank (18), transesterify still kettle (19), finished product water cooler (20) successively.Solvent oil storage tank (25) outlet links to each other with extractor (12), and import links to each other with extractive distillation jar (14).Methyl alcohol storage tank (26) outlet links to each other with transesterification reactor (16), and import links to each other with transesterify still kettle (19).
B, biological flue gas preparation facilities: comprise extracting and separating groove (13), fermentor tank (21) and gas holding tank (22).Described extracting and separating groove (13) end opening (24) links to each other with fermentor tank (21), collection and confinement of gases jar (22) successively.
Cultivating microalgae of the present invention and the reaction process step for preparing bioenergy are:
1. utilize tubular type photoreactor cultivating microalgae
Prepared culture medium is joined in the filtrate tanks (10), utilize gravitational difference that substratum is pressed into the algae liquid holding tank (1) from filtrate tanks (10).Open algae liquid transferpump (2), substratum is exported 1 (3) pump to photoreactor (4) through algae liquid transferpump, finally flow back to algae liquid holding tank (1) through algae liquid holding tank suitable for reading 1 (5).Again algae liquid is linked in the substratum through algae liquid holding tank (1).CO
2Gas storage feeds by ventpipe (7) in the pipeline of photoreactor in gas reservoir (6).
2. from photoreactor, collect little algae
When gathering in the crops little algae, close algae liquid transferpump outlet 1 (3), open algae liquid transferpump outlet 2 (8), the algae liquid pump is gone into sheet frame filter (9), algae mud is stayed on the filter paper, and the residue substratum pumps in the filtrate tanks (10), is used for replenishing or cultivating again and use of substratum.Algae mud on the filter paper is collected the preparation that is used for bioenergy.
3. the preparation of biofuel
Algae mud drops in the extractor (12), utilizes nitrogen that solvent oil is pressed into the extractor (12) from solvent oil storage tank (25).After the stirring whole materials are put in the extracting and separating groove (13), left standstill the back material and be divided into two-layerly, upper materials is put into extractive distillation still (14) through extracting and separating groove side mouth (23).The temperature of control extractive distillation still (14) generally remains on 60～70 ℃.The solvent oil that distills out flows back to solvent oil storage tank (25) by pipeline.After distillation finishes, material in the still kettle is microalgae grease by what grease water cooler (15) obtained.
Microalgae grease is dropped in the transesterification reactor (16), utilize nitrogen that methyl alcohol is pressed into the transesterification reactor (16) from methyl alcohol storage tank (26), and adding an acidic catalyst, as vitriol oil etc., usually maintain the temperature at 60～100 ℃, stopped reaction after stirring for some time is generally and stirs 4～12h.Material is all put in the transesterify separator tank (18) through transesterify water cooler (17), left standstill the back material and be divided into two-layer.Lower floor's material is emitted and is put in the transesterify still kettle (19), temperature remains on 60～70 ℃ usually, the methyl alcohol that distills out flows back to methyl alcohol storage tank (26) by pipeline, after distillation finishes, leftover materials in the still kettle are emitted by finished product water cooler (20), be neutralized into neutrality with alkali, the liquid that obtains is glycerine.
With transesterify separator tank (18) at the middle and upper levels material emit through the same outlet of transesterify separator tank (18) and put into again in the transesterify still kettle (19), temperature generally remains on 80～110 ℃, after moisture evaporation in the material, emit collection through finished product water cooler (20) and be biofuel.
4. the preparation of biological flue gas
Lower floor's material is algae mud in the extracting and separating groove (13), and algae mud is put into fermentor tank (21), and the fs produces hydrogen and produces the control of acetic acid fermentation temperature at 30～40 ℃, pH regulator to 4.0～4.5; Subordinate phase is produced the methane fermentation temperature and is remained on 35～40 ℃, pH regulator to 6.8～7.5.The gas that produces is hydrogen and/or methane, puts into collection and confinement of gases jar (22), obtains biological flue gas.
The advantage of this reactive system is:
(1) the little algae photoreactor of collection, collection device, oil extraction plant, esterification device and fermentation unit are one, have realized that stock oil production, bioenergy prepare serialization, compact construction, and the utilization ratio height, cost is low.
(2) preparation of both culturing microalgae and bioenergy can separately be carried out, and also can carry out continuously.Can adjust collection rate according to little algae throughput rate, as growth velocity little algae faster, but collect every day 1～2 time, the algae kind that growth velocity is slower can be collected once in per 1～2 day, accomplished to collect at regular time and quantity every day, can guarantee the breed of little algae, do not influence the preparation of bioenergy again, rationally arrange production, save cost.
(3) little algae is collected the remaining substratum in back and directly is pressed into filtrate tanks (10), and substratum is additional during can be used for culturing, and also can be used for both culturing microalgae again, saves cost.
(4) the equal recyclable recycling of used organic solvent is saved cost.Flow back to the methyl alcohol that distills out in (25) recycling of solvent oil storage tank and/or the system by pipeline as the solvent oil that distills out in the system and flow back to methyl alcohol storage tank (26) recycling by pipeline.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is both culturing microalgae system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the little algae oil extraction plant of the present invention and fermentation unit system architecture synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is transesterify system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is continuous production structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: algae liquid holding tank (1), algae liquid transferpump (2), algae liquid transferpump outlet 1 (3), Glass tubing (4), algae liquid holding tank is suitable for reading 1 (5), gas reservoir (6), ventpipe (7), algae liquid transferpump outlet 2 (8), flame filter press (9), filtrate tanks (10), algae liquid holding tank suitable for reading 2 (11), extractor (12), extracting and separating groove (13), extractive distillation still (14), grease water cooler (15), transesterification reactor (16), transesterify water cooler (17), transesterify separator tank (18), transesterify still kettle (19), finished product water cooler (20), fermentor tank (21), collection and confinement of gases jar (22), extracting and separating groove side mouth (23), extracting and separating groove end opening (24), solvent oil storage tank (25), methyl alcohol storage tank (26).
Wherein, Fig. 4 is Figure of abstract.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of cultivating microalgae and prepare the reactive system of bioenergy.
To the detailed description of the invention, below only be preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, can not limit scope of the present invention with this.Namely the equalization of doing according to the present patent application claim generally changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Embodiment 1: utilize circle shaped tube type photoreactor cultivating microalgae
Prepared culture medium is joined in the filtrate tanks (10), utilize gravitational difference that substratum is pressed into the algae liquid holding tank (1) from filtrate tanks (10).Open algae liquid transferpump (2), substratum is exported 1 (3) pump to the photoreactor (4) of glass material through algae liquid transferpump, finally flow back to algae liquid holding tank (1) through algae liquid holding tank suitable for reading 1 (5).Again algae liquid is linked in the substratum through algae liquid holding tank (1).CO
2Gas storage feeds by ventpipe (7) in the pipeline of photoreactor in gas reservoir (6).
Embodiment 2: collect little algae from photoreactor
When collecting little algae, close algae liquid transferpump outlet 1 (3), open algae liquid transferpump outlet 2 (8), the algae liquid pump is gone into sheet frame filter (9), algae mud is stayed on the filter paper, and the residue substratum pumps in the filtrate tanks (10), is used for replenishing or cultivating again and use of substratum.Algae mud on the filter paper is collected the preparation that is used for bioenergy.Wherein, flame filter press is that the production of filter plant company limited is opened in Shanghai greatly, and model is BMY5/450-30U.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of biofuel
Algae mud drops in the extractor (12), utilizes nitrogen that solvent oil is pressed into the extractor (12) from solvent oil storage tank (25).Solvent oil is one or more mixture of normal hexane commonly used or Skellysolve A etc.After stirring 30～100min whole materials are put in the extracting and separating groove (13), left standstill behind 10～30min material and be divided into two-layerly, upper materials is put into extractive distillation still (14) through extracting and separating groove side mouth (23).The temperature of control extractive distillation still (14) remains on 60～70 ℃.The solvent oil that distills out flows back to solvent oil storage tank (25) by pipeline.After distillation finishes, material in the still kettle is microalgae grease by what grease water cooler (15) obtained.
Microalgae grease is dropped in the transesterification reactor (16), utilize nitrogen that methyl alcohol is pressed into the transesterification reactor (16) from methyl alcohol storage tank (26), and add an acidic catalyst vitriol oil, temperature remains on 60～100 ℃, stopped reaction behind stirring 4～12h.Material is all put in the transesterify separator tank (18) through transesterify water cooler (17), leave standstill 10～30min after material be divided into two-layer.Lower floor's material is emitted and is put in the transesterify still kettle (19), temperature remains on 60～70 ℃, the methyl alcohol that distills out flows back to methyl alcohol storage tank (26) by pipeline, after distillation finishes, leftover materials in the still kettle are emitted by finished product water cooler (20), be neutralized into neutrality with alkali, the liquid that obtains is glycerine.
With transesterify separator tank (18) at the middle and upper levels material emit through the same outlet of transesterify separator tank (18) and put into again in the transesterify still kettle (19), temperature remains on 80～110 ℃, after moisture evaporation in the material, emit collection through finished product water cooler (20) and be biofuel.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of biological flue gas
Lower floor's material is algae mud in the extracting and separating groove (13), and algae mud is put into fermentor tank (21), and the fs produces hydrogen and produces the control of acetic acid fermentation temperature at 30～40 ℃, pH regulator to 4.0～4.5; Subordinate phase is produced the methane fermentation temperature and is remained on 35～40 ℃, pH regulator to 6.8～7.5.The gas that produces is hydrogen and/or methane, puts into collection and confinement of gases jar (22), obtains biological flue gas.
Claims (7)
1. a both culturing microalgae and prepare the reactive system of bioenergy is characterized in that it is one that system collects little algae photoreactor, collection device, oil extraction plant, esterification device and fermentation unit,
This little algae photoreactor is the tubular type photoreactor;
This collection device: comprise algae liquid holding tank, algae liquid transferpump, pipeline, filtrate tanks, flame filter press, described algae liquid holding tank (1) is divided into outlet and is linked to each other with algae liquid transferpump (2), algae liquid transferpump outlet 2(8) link to each other with the import of flame filter press (9);
This reactive system comprises the biodiesel manufacture device, this biodiesel manufacture device: comprise extractor (12), wherein, the algae mud that flame filter press (9) produces is put in this extractor (12);
The biodiesel manufacture device comprises extractor (12), extracting and separating groove (13), extractive distillation still (14), grease water cooler (15), transesterification reactor (16), transesterify water cooler (17), transesterify separator tank (18), transesterify still kettle (19), finished product water cooler (20) and pipeline; Wherein, it is suitable for reading that extractor (12) connects extracting and separating groove (13), extracting and separating groove (13) side mouth (23) links to each other with extractive distillation still (14), extractive distillation still (14) links to each other with grease water cooler (15), transesterification reactor (16) successively with transesterify water cooler (17), transesterify separator tank (18), transesterify still kettle (19), finished product water cooler (20) links to each other, solvent oil storage tank (25) outlet links to each other with extractor (12), import links to each other with extractive distillation jar (14), methyl alcohol storage tank (26) outlet links to each other with transesterification reactor (16), and import links to each other with transesterify still kettle (19);
Wherein, the preparation of both culturing microalgae and bioenergy is carried out continuously.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, can adjust collection rate according to little algae throughput rate.
3. according to described any one system of claim 1～2, it is characterized in that little algae is collected the remaining substratum in back and directly is pressed into filtrate tanks (10) for the additional of substratum or is used for both culturing microalgae again.
4. according to described any one system of claim 1～2, it is characterized in that all organic solvents recyclable recycling all in the system.
5. system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, all organic solvents recyclable recycling all in the system.
6. system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the solvent oil that distills out in the system flows back to the methyl alcohol that distills out in (25) recycling of solvent oil storage tank and/or the system and flows back to methyl alcohol storage tank (26) recycling by pipeline by pipeline.
7. system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the solvent oil that distills out in the system flows back to the methyl alcohol that distills out in (25) recycling of solvent oil storage tank and/or the system and flows back to methyl alcohol storage tank (26) recycling by pipeline by pipeline.
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| CN 201310198567 Division CN103266051A (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2008-12-17 | Pipe-type photoreactor |
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| TWI414362B (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2013-11-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Extraction apparatus |
| CN102492627B (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-01-16 | 大庆应用技术研究院 | Microalgae enriching and harvesting method |
| US20150057459A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-02-26 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Solar driven solvent extractor and process for extraction of microalgal lipids using the same |
| CN102690720A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-09-26 | 广西大学 | Method for preparing biodiesel directly from microalgae by using microwave technology |
| CN104513794A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-15 | 连衡会投资有限公司 | S-shaped photobioreactor system |
| CN107057838B (en) * | 2017-05-28 | 2023-12-08 | 天津大学 | Microalgae combined treatment device based on vapor recompression and heat exchange integration |
| CN108949523B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2023-07-07 | 青岛中科蓝智生物科技发展有限公司 | Industrial production process and system of glyceroglycosides |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007025145A2 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Solix Biofuels, Inc. | Method, apparatus and system for biodiesel production from algae |
| CN101307288A (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2008-11-19 | 朱洪 | Process and equipment for preparing biological energy source |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007025145A2 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Solix Biofuels, Inc. | Method, apparatus and system for biodiesel production from algae |
| CN101307288A (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2008-11-19 | 朱洪 | Process and equipment for preparing biological energy source |
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