CN101307288A - Process and equipment for preparing biological energy source - Google Patents

Process and equipment for preparing biological energy source Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101307288A
CN101307288A CN 200810008156 CN200810008156A CN101307288A CN 101307288 A CN101307288 A CN 101307288A CN 200810008156 CN200810008156 CN 200810008156 CN 200810008156 A CN200810008156 A CN 200810008156A CN 101307288 A CN101307288 A CN 101307288A
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absorption
combination
shape
bioenergy
gas
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朱洪
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a biological energy source and a device for carrying out the same. Carbon element captured through absorption/separation is used for cultivating microalgae in a form of a liquid carbon containing compound. And simultaneously components which are contained in exhaust air and pollute the atmosphere are eliminated. In the prior art for capturing carbon, after CO2 is absorbed/separated, the carbon is regenerated in a form of CO2 and is compressed and canned for storage, transportation and reconversion. The invention saves a CO2 regenerating link to a certain degree, thereby saving a CO2 micropore pipe link and a CO2 compression, canning, storage and transportation link accounting for 1/3 of the total microalgae cultivation cost, and consequently reducing operating cost and improving the carbon utilization ratio of microalgae when cultivating microalgae. The device comprises three parts, namely an absorption/separation device, a biological cultivation vessel and a conversion device for biological cultivation products. When CO2 is captured, dusty gases such as oxysulfide, nitric oxide, sour gas (HCl), fluoride (HF), etc. are also captured from the exhaust air.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus for preparing bioenergy
Technical field
The present invention relates to equipment and method that bioenergy is made.This invention relates to the equipment and the method for cultivating photosynthetic organism and off gas treatment.This invention relates to waste gas carbon catches, wastewater treatment, chemical industry, pharmacy, papermaking, nutritional additive and grain manufacturing.
Background technology
Large scale culturing photosynthetic organism such as little algae are used for the biomass energy manufacturing, and high protein grain is made, pharmacy, and the waste gas wastewater treatment is subjected to extensive concern.The high yield low cost that realizes outdoor photosynthetic organism such as little algae is to set up the key of the commercial production of can gaining.
Existing microalgae culture method mainly adopts the micropore pipeline with CO 2Be blown in the nutrient solution so that little algae absorbs with gaseous form.CO 2Spent about 1/3 of the little algae cultivation total cost that accounts for of micropore pipeline.CO 2The micropore pipeline gets clogged easily, and CO 2Be difficult for being absorbed by little algae.Still remain new microalgae culture method design at present to realize the little cheaply algae cultivation of high yield.
Meanwhile, with CO 2Be main industrial gas emission to human residential environment's harm extensively to be admitted, with CO 2Be that main industrial gaseous waste row reduces discharging extremely urgent.Kyoto Protocol has required developed country to realize determining the reduction of greenhouse gas discharge amount of number before 2012.The main bottleneck of restriction carbon capture technique industrial applications is high cost at present.The carbon capture technique that present industry member mainly adopts is the chemical absorption based on Amine, is representative with MEA (Monoethanolamine).Mainly there is following problem in MEA process:
1) with high costs.USDOE national energy engineering test chamber (U.S.Department of Energy, National EnergyTechnology Laboratory) report is that example is calculated with a coal-fired power plant that dust-removal and desulfurizing equipment has been installed, and the preceding process cost 636ft of carbon capture technique is installed 2/ mw, and process cost is 1009ft behind the installation carbon capture technique 2/ mw), increase the process cost (" footprint of coal-fired power plant ") about 60%.American National energy technology testing laboratory in 2000 estimates that the expense that adopts existing chemical absorption method will make generating increases by 70%.
2) energy consumption is huge.The ratio that the power consumption of carbon capture technique accounts for the total output energy in power station is called " energy penalty note (EnergyPenalty) "." energy penalty note " of MEA process reaches about the 25-37% of the total energy supply of coal-fired power plant, accounts for the 15-24% of the total energy supply of natural gas power factory." energy penalty note " is to cause one of carbon capture technique principal element with high costs.
3) sulfide and oxygen can make the Amine degraded, because absorption agent needs regeneration, need to remove sulfide before chemical absorption, oxygen and moisture.
4) it is huge to cause locality storage institute to take up space because of the carbonic acid gas bulky behind the purifying, and needs timely the transportation.Japan Yokoyama report that at its CRIEPI a 600MW Sweet natural gas fuel-burning power plant uses 5899 tons of CO of traditional MEA process output every day 2U.S. MPRAssociations, the Lance C.Elwell report 1000MW coal-fired station of Inc. per hour consumes raw coal 1*10 6Pound, per hour output CO 23*10 6Pound (=1360 tons).Huge reservoir volume like this, if there is not haulage system timely, it is unthinkable depositing in the power station fully.
5) owing to the carbonic acid gas behind the needs transportation purifying, for avoiding corroding transport pipe, the carbonic acid gas behind the purifying need be removed sulfide, oxynitride and moisture.
Remain still at present that new carbon is caught and the design of nitrogen and desulfurization method reduces discharging with the industrial gaseous waste of realizing low-cost high-efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Summary of the invention
The equipment and the method that provide a kind of biomass energy to make are provided purpose of the present invention.
Purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of biology especially from culture device and the method for the little algae of oxygen animalcule.
Purpose of the present invention also is to provide a kind of equipment and method of carbon capture technique, and eliminate other atmosphere pollution compositions in the waste gas simultaneously, and can be used for papermaking, pharmacy, nutritional additive and grain surrogate are produced.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention's design comprises absorption/separating device and biological culture container and biological culture product conversion system three parts, can comprise or not comprise that oxidation furnaces is in order to be oxidized to (NO with nitrogen oxide (NO) 2) so that absorption extraction agent and CO 2Reaction.
The present invention need not catching CO 2Remove sulfide in advance fully, oxynitride and moisture reduce regeneration and transportation simultaneously, thereby significantly reduce energy consumption and facility investment operation cost before; Improve the CO that little algae is cultivated simultaneously 2Utilization ratio, little algae of output can be under the prerequisites that does not change original thermal power generation plant, be directly used in to substitute the fossil oil generating, also can be converted into traffic with fuel etc.
Absorption extraction agent of the present invention includes, but are not limited to aminated compounds, alkali lye, ionic liquid, liquefied ammonia, ironic hydroxide, the combination of ammonium compounds and above absorption extraction agent; Wherein said liquefied ammonia includes, but are not limited to the urea ammonia of deriving, and urea is water-soluble, anhydrous ammonia and water ammonia; Wherein said aminated compounds includes, but are not limited to following: MEA, DGA, DEA, DIPA, TEA, MDEA; Described alkali lye includes, but are not limited to salt of wormwood and yellow soda ash; And the combination of above absorption extraction agent.
Above-mentioned explanation of writing a Chinese character in simplified form English combination: monoethanol (MEA) and diglycolamine (DGA); Secondary amines, including diethanol amine (DEA) and diisopropyl amine (DIPA); Tertiary amines, including triethanol (TEA), and methyldiethanol amine (MDEA).
Applied method includes, but are not limited to the physical absorption separating agent and absorbs, and the chemical absorption separating agent absorbs, the gas delivery membrane sepn, the pressure pendulum absorbs, and the absorption of Jia Qianging mutually separates with inversion of phases after the hydrate, the oxygen burning, catalyzer is auxiliary to be absorbed, and the combination selection of above method.
Described biological culture product conversion system includes, but are not limited to dryer, pulverizer, dry powder machine, compressor, shaper, biological effective components extracts equipment, and fatty acid component extracts equipment, protein component extracts equipment, and cellulose components extracts equipment, biofuel converting apparatus, the biofuel converting apparatus, bio-ethanol converting apparatus, pyrolysis plant, direct liquefaction equipment, equipment for gasification, paper pulp converting apparatus, the medicine converting apparatus, food converting apparatus, and the arbitrary combination of above equipment; Pyrolysis plant includes, but are not limited to the wet method pyrolysis plant;
By the embodiment of wet method pyrolysis plant, at 100-300 ℃, 100-500bar, after the pre-treatment, at 100-600 ℃, 100-500bar, decarboxylation in 1-100 minute and catalysis are to form biogasoline under 10-100 minute the condition.
Described absorption/separating device, oxidizer, biological culture container and biological culture product conversion system can be put operation in the same time and place, perhaps in the different location and different time operation.
Described equipment, its culture vessel shape can be from sea, lake, river, pond, be tubulose, tabular, the bag shape, the sleeve shape, and the combination of above shape, the arrangement mode of connection of culture vessel can be from vertically, and is parallel, spiral, communicating pipe, and select in the combination of above arrangement connection, its culture vessel array mode can be selected from separate and multistage combination are cultivated, the culture vessel fixed form is from being completely fixed and the axle property is selected fixing, and its axis is fixed for promoting institute's culturing cell thorough mixing also alternately to be exposed to light source; Described biology comprises autotrophic organism and heterotroph, and above combination; Autotrophic organism comprises ptotoautotroph and non-ptotoautotroph, is preferably the little algae of ptotoautotroph,
Described oxygenant includes, but are not limited to ozone, dioxide peroxide, and hydrogen peroxide, high energy beam, catalyzer and radiation are preferably ozone;
Described equipment includes, but are not limited to the oxygenant input channel, oxidizing tower, absorption extraction agent storage tower, well heater, spray tower, absorption extraction tower, condenser, the biological culture container is cultivated and is gathered pipeline, culturing cell input channel, the nutrient solution input channel, ventilator trunk and sensing detection controller; Absorption/separating device, can comprise also can not comprise high-speed rotating impeller and its outer around half gross porosity net, half real wall construction, can comprise also not comprising gas separation membrane.The outer wall shape of absorption/separating device can be from cylindric, tubulose, and the tower shape, cubes is selected in irregular grade and the combination thereof; But the outer wall folding of absorption/separating device is so that cleaning also can be airtight; High-speed rotating impeller with its outer around half gross porosity net, half real wall construction between angle can be from vertical, parallel, and select in any angle; High-speed rotating impeller self impeller vane angle each other can be selected from any angle; Impeller its outer around half gross porosity net, half real wall construction structure comprise that at least the gross porosity net on the real wall of atresia of the lower section parallel with impeller and top is dimerous; The shape of described half gross porosity net half real wall construction can be from drum, and is cylindric, tubulose, and the tower shape, cubes is selected in irregular grade and the combination thereof.
Described gas separation membrane, its micropore shape can be from doline, and hourglass shape is cylindrical, sphere, irregular shape, spongy, multilayer gauze shape, and select in the combination of above shape, its material can be from mixture, pottery, and metal is selected in the combination of glass reinforced plastic and above material.
Described absorption extraction agent is an example with liquefied ammonia, and the water-soluble concentration of urea is selected from 20-90%, is preferably 30-60%; Liquefied ammonia concentration soluble in water is selected from 5-50%, is preferably 10-30%; Absorb CO 2The partial reaction temperature is selected from 50-500 °F, is preferably 60-100 °F, and described absorption/separating device is an example with liquefied ammonia, can comprise also not comprising three-step reaction: oxidation process denitrification reaction of Salmon-Saxl, low temperature decarburizing reaction and tail gas deamination reaction.
At absorption/separation of C O 2After, with the carbon of being caught with on-gaseous CO 2The form of the carbon compound of form is delivered directly to after processing treatment in the micro algae culturing liquid, has reduced or remitted CO to a certain extent 2The regeneration link has been reduced or remitted to a certain extent thus and has been accounted for little algae cultivation fee with 1/3 CO 2Micropore pipeline link, and reduced or remitted CO in the carbon capture technique to a certain extent 2Compression canning and storage transit link, reduced carbon capture technique operation cost and increased little algae cultivate in little algae to the utilising efficiency of carbon, become possibility so that the low-cost industrialization of little algae is cultivated.
The general ratio of nitrogen oxides from exhaust gas composition is 95-97% nitrogen oxide (NO) and 3-5% nitrogen peroxide (NO 2), NO wherein 2Easy and absorption extraction agent is reacted and is absorbed.The art of this patent is used oxygenant such as ozone is oxidized to (NO with nitrogen oxide (NO) in advance before denitrogenation 2) so that absorption extraction agent and CO 2Reaction.Oxygenant can also react to reduce the discharging of mercury in the waste gas with mercury.
The present invention also can catch oxysulfide in waste gas when catching carbonic acid gas, oxynitride, acid gas (HCl), fluorochemical dusty gass such as (HF).
With liquefied ammonia is the absorption extraction agent of example, can absorb/separate NO 2, CO 2And SO 2Forming solution and can directly supply little algae cultivate after processing treatment, is example with liquefied ammonia as absorption/separating agent: liquefied ammonia in absorption/separating device can with NO 2Chemical combination forms ammonium nitrate (NH 4NO 3), liquefied ammonia simultaneously can with CO 2Chemical combination forms volatile salt, liquefied ammonia simultaneously can with SO 2Chemical combination forms ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and volatile salt and ammonium sulfate etc. are all soluble in water, and with ammonium nitrate, the aqueous solution of volatile salt and ammonium sulfate etc. directly supply little algae cultivation, has increased in little algae cultivation little algae the utilising efficiency of carbon has been reduced or remitted CO 2The regeneration link has been reduced or remitted CO 2Micropore pipeline link, and reduced or remitted CO in the carbon capture technique to a certain extent 2Compression canning and storage transit link.
Because of CO 2Can form the solid precipitation thing with absorption extraction agent reaction, and block the absorption tube road junction easily, this patent provides absorption/separating device option be high-speed rotating impeller and impeller outer around half gross porosity net, half real wall construction combine and be used for the thorough mixing reaction and avoid fouling to block spray orifice.
Waste gas and absorption extraction agent enter resorber respectively after waste gas or the oxidation, get rid of at a high speed to half gross porosity net, the half real wall construction part atresia real wall parallel through rotary blade with impeller, and the hole goes out and is further stirred so that fully react with the absorption extraction agent on the wall on top, unreacted N 2Discharge resorber, CO Deng gas 2Form carbon containing gas/liquid discharge resorber Deng collecting the back, after processing treatment, can be used for supplying the biological culture of little algae etc. through flushing.
Absorption/separating device option is a three-step reaction, oxidation process denitrification reaction of Salmon-Saxl, low temperature decarburizing reaction and tail gas deamination reaction;
The first step reaction: waste gas enters the oxidation zone 2 that is positioned at the bottom, absorption tower, and the waste gas after oxidation enters oxidation post-absorption district, absorption tower (nitrogen and desulfurization district), NO in the gas X, SO 2Deng through and the absorption agent reaction sent into of self-absorption agent transport pipe, nitrogen sulphur etc. form liquid state or solid matter, are reclaimed to form by the irrigation of being sent into from the irrigation transport pipe and reclaim liquid, reclaim certainly that the liquid transport pipe is discharged and unified the recovery.
The reaction of second step: the first step reaction back gas enters cryogenic gas uptake zone (decarburization district), CO in the gas 2Deng through and the absorption agent reaction sent into of self-absorption agent transport pipe, carbon etc. form liquid state or solid matter, are reclaimed to form by the irrigation of being sent into from irrigation transport pipe 50 and reclaim liquid 7, reclaim certainly that the liquid transport pipe is discharged and unified the recovery.
Three-step reaction: gas enters tail gas uptake zone (deamination district), NH in the gas after the reaction of second step 3Reclaim liquid Deng being reclaimed to form, reclaim certainly that the liquid transport pipe is discharged and unified the recovery, after processing treatment, can be used for supplying the biological culture of little algae etc. by the irrigation of being sent into from the irrigation transport pipe.
Demist: three-step reaction reaction back gas enters except that the fog-zone, arranges to atmosphere from chimney after processing such as demist.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the exemplary flow reduced graph, can add arbitrary steps on its basis.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention simplifies,
Fig. 2 is the general schematic flow sheet that adopts of prior art.
Fig. 3 is that absorption/knockout tower designs the synoptic diagram that 3 partial reactions are simplified.
Fig. 4 is that each component of the acceleration absorption mesh design in the absorption/knockout tower is separated synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that the design of absorption/knockout tower adds the uptake zone simplification of oxidized portion.
Fig. 6 is the uptake zone rough schematic view in absorption/knockout tower design non-oxidation district.
Fig. 7 quickens the schematic flow sheet that absorption mesh membrane-bound absorption extraction equipment separated from the gas is the example simplification.
Among the figure: 1 waste gas is injected; 2 oxidizing towers; 3 oxygenants store supply equipment; Gas supply pipe after 4 oxidations; 5 absorption/separating devices; 6 absorption/separating agents store supply equipment; Liquid is reclaimed in 7 absorption/separation back; 8 condensers; Gas outlet pipe road after 9 condensation process; 10 rich carbon liquid transport pipes; 11 bio-culture solution storage towers; 12 bio-culture solution supply lines; 13 biological culture containers; 14 oxygen outlets; 15 biological culture product collection discharge lines; 16 biological culture product conversion systems; 17 biological culture products transform the back product, as biofuel; 18 absorption extraction agent or absorption extraction agent precursor storage tower; 19 atomizers; 20 absorption extraction agent supply lines; 21CO 2Reclaim equiment; 22 regeneration post-absorption separating agent storage towers; 23 force (forcing) pumps; 24CO 2Transport pipe; 25CO 2Storage tower; 26 well heaters; 27 handle gas outlet pipe road, back; 29 gas separation membranes; 30 absorption extraction agent are injected; 31: irrigation is injected; 32: fix and use pimple; 33: a plurality of macropores form thick net walls; 34: fix and use big projection; 35: stationary shaft; 36: the radial impeller of multiple-blade (dash area representative knife edge part); 37: quicken absorption mesh; 38: quicken the impeller part; 39: the real wall of atresia; 40: absorption/separating device outer wall; 41: absorption/separating device inner chamber upper wall; 42: absorption/separating device is supported base; 43: absorption/separating device inner chamber diapire; 44: valve; 45: gas absorption district after the oxidation (nitrogen and desulfurization district); 46: cryogenic gas uptake zone (decarburization district); 47: tail gas uptake zone (deamination district); 48: remove the fog-zone; 49: the absorption agent transport pipe; 50: the irrigation transport pipe; 51: reclaim the liquid transport pipe
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1, absorption extraction agent or absorption extraction agent precursor storage tower 18 are sent into spray tower 19 after the heating 26 to produce absorption extraction agent 30 as liquefied ammonia with absorption extraction agent or absorption extraction agent precursor such as urea.Absorption extraction agent 30 enters absorption/separating device 5 via absorption extraction agent supply line 20.Gas 27 after reaction treatment enters atmosphere after treatment.Carbon compound after reaction treatment reclaims to form and reclaims liquid 7, liquid transport pipe 51 is discharged and unified the recovery from reclaiming, enter nutrient solution supply reservoir 11, after processing treatment, can be used for supplying the biological culture (13) of little algae etc., gather in the crops little algae and transform back products 17, as biofuel etc. after biological culture product conversion system 16 processing generates the biological culture products.
Referring to Fig. 2, waste gas 1 or the waste gas after oxidation 4 and absorption extraction agent 30 enter absorption/separating device 5 through supply line 20, and the reaction back forms material and is delivered to regenerating unit 21 through transport pipe 10, regeneration absorption extraction agent 30 and CO after reacting 2, absorption extraction agent 30 enters regeneration post-absorption separating agent storage tower 22, fails resorption receipts/separating devices 5 in order to enter new circulation through force (forcing) pump 23.Regeneration back CO 2Through CO 2Transport pipe 24 enters CO 2Storage tower 25 is stored and further processing and utilization.
Referring to Fig. 3, the present invention's absorption/knockout tower designs the synoptic diagram that 3 partial reactions are simplified: the first step reaction: waste gas 1 enters the oxidation zone 2 that is positioned at the bottom, absorption tower, and the waste gas 4 after oxidation enters oxidation post-absorption district, absorption tower (nitrogen and desulfurization district) 45, NO in the gas X, SO 2Deng through and 30 reactions of the absorption agent sent into of self-absorption agent transport pipe 49, nitrogen sulphur etc. form liquid state or solid matter, are reclaimed to form by the irrigation of being sent into from irrigation transport pipe 50 and reclaim liquid 7, reclaim certainly that liquid transport pipe 51 is discharged and unified the recovery.
The reaction of second step: the first step reaction back gas enters cryogenic gas uptake zone (decarburization district) 46, CO in the gas 2Deng through and 30 reactions of the absorption agent sent into of self-absorption agent transport pipe 49, carbon etc. form liquid state or solid matter, are reclaimed to form by the irrigation of being sent into from irrigation transport pipe 50 and reclaim liquid 7, reclaim certainly that liquid transport pipe 51 is discharged and unified the recovery.
Three-step reaction: gas enters tail gas uptake zone (deamination district) 47, NH in the gas after the reaction of second step 3Reclaim liquid 7 Deng being reclaimed to form, reclaim certainly that liquid transport pipe 51 is discharged and unified the recovery, after processing treatment, can be used for supplying the biological culture (13) of little algae etc. by the irrigation of being sent into from irrigation transport pipe 50.
Demist: three-step reaction reaction back gas enters except that fog-zone 48, arranges to atmosphere from chimney after processing such as demist.
Annotate: this figure just one of the design of absorptions/knockout tower for example, the design of this patent absorption/knockout tower is not limited thereto example.
Referring to Fig. 4, because of CO 2Can form the solid precipitation thing with absorption extraction agent reaction, and block the absorption tube road junction easily, it is that half gross porosity net half real wall construction (33) is arranged outside the radial quick runner of multiple-blade (dash area representative knife edge part) that this patent provides the absorption extraction equipment design, and detachability is fixed in the upper wall of resorber.
Quickening absorption mesh comprises half gross porosity net, half real wall construction part (31) and quickens impeller part (38), half gross porosity net, half real wall construction part (31) upside fixing with pimple (32) and quicken impeller partly (38) fix can rotate each other and agree with and form quick detachable property and fix with big projection (34), be fixed in the resorber upper wall in order to will speed up absorption mesh (37), the vertical resorber of spurting into waste gas (1 or 4) of absorption extraction agent (30) quickens in the absorption mesh (37), get rid of at a high speed to half gross porosity net, half real wall construction part (31) the atresia real wall parallel through rotary blade (36) with impeller, along resorber (5) sidewall inner chamber and down and enter in the absorption mesh, thereby further stirred so that fully react unreacted N with absorption extraction agent (30) 2Discharge resorber, CO Deng gas 2Form carbon containing gas/liquid discharge resorber (5) Deng collecting the back, after processing treatment, can be used for supplying the biological culture (13) of little algae etc. through flushing (31).
Annotate: this figure just one of the design of absorptions/knockout tower for example, the design of this patent absorption/knockout tower is not limited thereto example.
Referring to Fig. 5, waste gas (4) enters in resorber (5) absorption mesh after waste gas (1) or the oxidation, absorption extraction agent 30 also sprays into the resorber absorption mesh, waste gas 1 is with absorption extraction agent 30, get rid of at a high speed to half gross porosity net, half real wall construction part (31) the atresia real wall (31) parallel through rotary blade (36) with impeller, and hole (33) go out on the wall on top, along resorber (5) sidewall inner chamber and down and enter in the absorption mesh, thereby further stirred so that fully react with absorption extraction agent (30), reaction back compound is collected recovery liquid (7) the discharge resorber (5) that the back forms nitrogenous sulphur carbon through flushing (31), can be used for supplying the biological culture (13) of little algae etc. after processing treatment.Unreacted N 2Discharge resorber (27) Deng gas.
Annotate: this figure just one of the design of absorptions/knockout tower for example, the design of this patent absorption/knockout tower is not limited thereto example.
Referring to figure, 6 waste gas enter from the absorption mesh outside, absorption/separating agent 30 enters from the absorption mesh inboard, waste gas 1 is with absorption extraction agent 30, get rid of at a high speed to half gross porosity net, half real wall construction part (31) the atresia real wall (31) parallel through rotary blade (36) with impeller, and hole (33) go out on the wall on top, along resorber (5) sidewall inner chamber and down and enter in the absorption mesh, thereby further stirred so that fully react with absorption extraction agent (30), reaction back compound forms the recovery liquid (7) of nitrogenous sulphur carbon and discharges resorber (5) after flushing (31) is collected, after processing treatment, can be used for supplying the biological culture (13) of little algae etc., unreacted N 2Discharge resorber (27) Deng gas.
Annotate: this figure just one of the design of absorptions/knockout tower for example, the design of this patent absorption/knockout tower is not limited thereto example.
Referring to Fig. 7, waste gas (4) enters resorber (5), CO from gas separation membrane (29) left side after waste gas (1) or the oxidation 2Along pressure gradient and N 2Initial gross separation, enter in the resorber absorption mesh of gas separation membrane (29) right side, the absorption extraction agent sprays into from resorber absorption mesh below, get rid of at a high speed to half gross porosity net, half real wall construction part (31) the atresia real wall (31) parallel through rotary blade (36) with impeller, and hole (33) go out and are further stirred so that fully react with absorption extraction agent (30) on the wall on top, reaction back compound is collected the back through flushing (31) and is formed carbon containing gas/liquid (7) discharge resorber (5) can be used for supplying little algae etc. after processing treatment biological culture (13), unreacted N 2Discharge resorber (27) Deng gas.
Annotate: this figure just one of the design of absorptions/knockout tower for example, the design of this patent absorption/knockout tower is not limited thereto example.
Embodiment is absorbed as example explanation the art of this patent with absorption extraction agent liquefied ammonia below 1:
Absorption extraction agent or absorption extraction agent precursor storage tower 18 are sent into spray tower 19 after the heating 26 to produce absorption extraction agent 30 as liquefied ammonia with absorption extraction agent or absorption extraction agent precursor such as urea.Absorption extraction agent 30 enters absorption/separating device as liquefied ammonia via absorption extraction agent supply line 20.
Because of CO 2Can form the solid precipitation thing with the liquefied ammonia reaction, and block extraction duct easily, this patent provides absorption/separating device design radial impeller of multiple-blade (dash area representative knife edge part), rotate with 1400rpm speed, outside the gross porosity net (33) in the much holes of a wall is arranged, detachability is fixed in the resorber upper wall, absorption extraction agent (30) is sprayed respectively with waste gas (1 or 4) and is entered in the resorber absorption mesh, get rid of at a high speed to the real wall volume of atresia bucket through rotary blade, along resorber (5) sidewall inner chamber and down and enter in the absorption mesh, thereby further stirred so that fully react unreacted N with absorption extraction agent (30) 2Leave resorber Deng gas, CO 2Be used to supply the biological culture of little algae etc. Deng collecting back formation carbon containing gas/liquid through flushing (31).
Liquefied ammonia in absorption/separating device can with NO 2Chemical combination forms ammonium nitrate (NH 4NO 3), liquefied ammonia simultaneously can with CO 2Chemical combination forms volatile salt, liquefied ammonia simultaneously can with SO 2Chemical combination forms ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and volatile salt and ammonium sulfate etc. are all soluble in water, and with ammonium nitrate, the aqueous solution of volatile salt and ammonium sulfate etc. directly supply little algae cultivation, has increased in little algae cultivation little algae the utilising efficiency of carbon has been reduced or remitted CO 2The regeneration link has been reduced or remitted CO 2Micropore pipeline link, and reduced or remitted CO in the carbon capture technique to a certain extent 2Compression canning and storage transit link.
After gathering in the crops little algae, prepare gasoline sample bio oil through the wet method pyrolysis, at 100-500 ℃ of 100-500bar, after the pre-treatment in 5-60 minute, through 200-500 ℃ of 100-500bar, 5-60 minute, decarboxylation was to form bio oil.Obtain biogasoline through catalysis.
Embodiment 2
Below absorb and gas separation membrane is integrated as example with absorption extraction agent liquefied ammonia, further specify the present invention.
Absorption extraction agent or absorption extraction agent precursor storage tower 18 are sent into spray tower 19 after the heating 26 to produce absorption extraction agent 30 as liquefied ammonia with absorption extraction agent or absorption extraction agent precursor such as urea.Absorption extraction agent 30 enters absorption/separating device as liquefied ammonia via absorption extraction agent supply line 20.
Because of CO 2Can form the solid precipitation thing with the liquefied ammonia reaction, and block extraction duct easily, this patent provides absorption/separating device design radial impeller of multiple-blade (dash area representative knife edge part), rotate with 1400rpm speed, outside the gross porosity net (33) in the much holes of a wall is arranged, detachability is fixed in the resorber upper wall, absorption extraction agent (30) and the vertical gas separation membrane of spurting into of waste gas (1 or 4), CO 2Along pressure gradient and N 2Initial gross separation enters in the resorber absorption mesh, and the absorption extraction agent sprays into from resorber absorption mesh below, get rid of at a high speed to the real wall volume of atresia bucket through rotary blade, along resorber (5) sidewall inner chamber and down and enter in the absorption mesh, thus further stirred in case with fully reaction of absorption extraction agent (30), CO 2Further separate unreacted N with N2 2Leave resorber Deng gas, CO 2Be used to supply the biological culture of little algae etc. Deng collecting back formation carbon containing gas/liquid through flushing (31).Because of CO 2Consumed by liquefied ammonia and promote the CO of gas separation membrane waste gas approaching side 2Move to liquefied ammonia along pressure gradient, and promote gas separation membrane CO 2With N 2Separation,
Liquefied ammonia in absorption/separating device can with NO 2Chemical combination forms ammonium nitrate (NH 4NO 3), liquefied ammonia simultaneously can with CO 2Chemical combination forms volatile salt, liquefied ammonia simultaneously can with SO 2Chemical combination forms ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and volatile salt and ammonium sulfate etc. are all soluble in water, and with ammonium nitrate, the aqueous solution of volatile salt and ammonium sulfate etc. directly supply little algae cultivation, has increased in little algae cultivation little algae the utilising efficiency of carbon has been reduced or remitted CO 2The regeneration link has been reduced or remitted CO 2Micropore pipeline link, and reduced or remitted CO in the carbon capture technique to a certain extent 2Compression canning and storage transit link.
After gathering in the crops little algae, prepare biofuel through refining fatty acid component.

Claims (10)

1. a method and apparatus for preparing bioenergy is used for the carbonic acid gas CO from waste gas 2Deng catching element such as carbon such as carbon in the dusty gas, it is biological that nitrogen, phosphorus are used for cultivating, and especially little algae is used for the manufacturing of bioenergy; It is characterized in that: it comprises at least one absorption/separating device, and at least one biological culture container and at least one biological culture product conversion system also can comprise oxidation furnaces;
Described absorption/separating device adopts a kind of absorption/separating agent at least, described biological culture container comprises at least a biology that can directly utilize liquid carbon compound synthetically grown desired substance, described biological culture product conversion system comprises at least a device can be with bio-transformation for utilizing the form of product, described oxidation furnaces comprises at least a oxygenant, nitrogen oxide NO can be oxidized to nitrogen peroxide NO at least 2
2. by the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described absorption extraction agent includes, but are not limited to aminated compounds, alkali lye, ionic liquid, liquefied ammonia, ironic hydroxide, the combination of ammonium compounds and above absorption extraction agent; Wherein said liquefied ammonia includes, but are not limited to the urea ammonia of deriving, and urea is water-soluble, anhydrous ammonia and water ammonia; Wherein said aminated compounds includes, but are not limited to following: MEA, DGA, DEA, DIPA, TEA, MDEA; Described alkali lye includes, but are not limited to salt of wormwood and yellow soda ash; And the combination of above absorption extraction agent.
3. press the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: applied method includes, but are not limited to the physical absorption separating agent and absorbs, the chemical absorption separating agent absorbs, gas separation membrane (29) separates, and the pressure pendulum absorbs the absorption of Jia Qianging mutually, separate with inversion of phases after the hydrate, the oxygen burning, catalyzer is auxiliary to be absorbed, and the combination selection of above method.
4. by the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described biological culture product conversion system (16) includes, but are not limited to dryer, pulverizer, dry powder machine, compressor, shaper, biological effective components extracts equipment, fatty acid component extracts equipment, and protein component extracts equipment, and cellulose components extracts equipment, the biofuel converting apparatus, the biofuel converting apparatus, bio-ethanol converting apparatus, pyrolysis plant, direct liquefaction equipment, equipment for gasification, paper pulp converting apparatus, medicine converting apparatus, food converting apparatus, and the arbitrary combination of above equipment; Pyrolysis plant includes, but are not limited to the wet method pyrolysis plant;
By the embodiment of wet method pyrolysis plant, at 100-300 ℃, 100-500bar, after the pre-treatment, at 100-600 ℃, 100-500bar, decarboxylation in 1-100 minute and catalysis are to form biogasoline under 10-100 minute the condition.
5. press the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described absorption/separating device (5), oxidizer (2), biological culture container (13) and biological culture product conversion system (16), can put operation in the same time and place, perhaps in the different location and different time operation.
6. press the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described equipment, its culture vessel shape can be from the sea, the lake, the river, the pond, be tubulose, tabular, the bag shape, sleeve shape, and the combination of above shape, the arrangement mode of connection of culture vessel can be from vertically, parallel, spiral, communicating pipe, and select in the combination of above arrangement connection, its culture vessel array mode can be selected from the combination of separate and multistage is cultivated, and the culture vessel fixed form is from being completely fixed and the axle property is selected fixing, and its axis is fixed for promoting institute's culturing cell thorough mixing also alternately to be exposed to light source; Described biology comprises autotrophic organism and heterotroph, and above combination; Autotrophic organism comprises ptotoautotroph and non-ptotoautotroph, is preferably the little algae of ptotoautotroph,
7. by the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described oxygenant, include, but are not limited to ozone, dioxide peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, high energy beam, catalyzer and radiation are preferably ozone;
8. by the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described equipment includes, but are not limited to the oxygenant input channel, oxidizing tower (2), absorption extraction agent storage tower (18), well heater (26), spray tower (19), absorption extraction tower (5), condenser (8), biological culture container (13), cultivate and gather pipeline, the culturing cell input channel, nutrient solution input channel, ventilator trunk and sensing detection controller; Absorption/separating device (5), can comprise also can not comprise high-speed rotating impeller (36) and its outer around half gross porosity net, half real wall construction (31), can comprise also not comprising gas separation membrane (29); Absorption/separating device (5) outer wall shape can be from cylindric, tubulose, and the tower shape, cubes is selected in irregular grade and the combination thereof; Absorption/separating device (5) but the outer wall folding so that clean also can be airtight; High-speed rotating impeller (36) with its outer around half gross porosity net, half real wall construction (31) between angle can be from vertical, parallel, and select in any angle; Self impeller vane of high-speed rotating impeller (36) angle each other can be selected from any angle; Impeller its outer around half gross porosity net, half real wall construction (31) structure comprise that at least the gross porosity net on the real wall (39) of atresia of the lower section parallel with impeller and top is dimerous; The shape of described half gross porosity net half real wall construction (31) can be from drum, and is cylindric, tubulose, and the tower shape, cubes is selected in irregular grade and the combination thereof.
9. by the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gas separation membrane (29), its micropore shape can be from doline, hourglass shape, cylindrical, sphere, irregular shape, spongy, multilayer gauze shape, and select in the combination of above shape, its material can be from mixture, pottery, metal is selected in the combination of glass reinforced plastic and above material.
10. by the method and apparatus of the described preparation bioenergy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described absorption extraction agent is an example with liquefied ammonia, and the concentration of urea water-soluble (18) is selected from 20-90%, is preferably 30-60%; Liquefied ammonia (30) concentration soluble in water is selected from 5-50%, is preferably 10-30%; Absorb CO 2The partial reaction temperature is selected from 50-500 °F, is preferably 60-100 °F, and described absorption/separating device (5) is an example with liquefied ammonia, can comprise also not comprising three-step reaction: oxidation process denitrification reaction of Salmon-Saxl, low temperature decarburizing reaction and tail gas deamination reaction.
CN 200810008156 2008-02-14 2008-02-14 Process and equipment for preparing biological energy source Pending CN101307288A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102392052A (en) * 2011-09-22 2012-03-28 复旦大学 Biogas purification method by culturing autotrophic freshwater microalgae with biogas slurry
CN103203169A (en) * 2013-03-28 2013-07-17 黄楚铭 Continuous and zero-emission organic waste processing and recycling system
CN101748053B (en) * 2008-12-17 2013-08-21 新奥科技发展有限公司 Reaction system for cultivating microalgae and preparing bioenergy
CN105602833A (en) * 2016-01-07 2016-05-25 江苏大学 System and process for microalgae cultivation by means of chemical-looping combustion CO2 and ash
CN106669437A (en) * 2017-01-16 2017-05-17 中国矿业大学(北京) Preparation method of novel high-efficiency biphase CO2 electrochemical separation membrane
CN112915967A (en) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-08 南京科盛环保技术有限公司 Modified bioactive carbon adsorbent for removing Cr (VI), and preparation method, device and application thereof

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101748053B (en) * 2008-12-17 2013-08-21 新奥科技发展有限公司 Reaction system for cultivating microalgae and preparing bioenergy
CN102392052A (en) * 2011-09-22 2012-03-28 复旦大学 Biogas purification method by culturing autotrophic freshwater microalgae with biogas slurry
CN103203169A (en) * 2013-03-28 2013-07-17 黄楚铭 Continuous and zero-emission organic waste processing and recycling system
CN103203169B (en) * 2013-03-28 2015-04-15 黄楚铭 Continuous and zero-emission organic waste processing and recycling system
CN105602833A (en) * 2016-01-07 2016-05-25 江苏大学 System and process for microalgae cultivation by means of chemical-looping combustion CO2 and ash
CN106669437A (en) * 2017-01-16 2017-05-17 中国矿业大学(北京) Preparation method of novel high-efficiency biphase CO2 electrochemical separation membrane
CN106669437B (en) * 2017-01-16 2019-04-05 中国矿业大学(北京) A kind of efficient two-phase CO2Electrochemical separation membrane preparation method
CN112915967A (en) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-08 南京科盛环保技术有限公司 Modified bioactive carbon adsorbent for removing Cr (VI), and preparation method, device and application thereof

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