CN101747379A - 一种非线性光学晶体2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种非线性光学晶体2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种非线性光学晶体2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑,属于无机化学领域,也属于材料科学领域。该晶体化学式为Sb(SCH2CH2S)(SC5H4N),分子量为324.07,属正交晶系,空间群Pna2(1),单胞参数为a=9.339(3),b=12.304(4),c=9.159(3),alpha=90°,beta=90°,gamma=90°,V=1052.5(6)3,Z=4。该晶体采用两步法合成:先制备成氯化乙二硫醇锑,再以此进行置换反应,得到最终产物2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑。该晶体具有优良的非线性光学性能,其粉末倍频效应(SHG)系数为KDP的2.0倍。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机化学领域,也属于材料科学领域,它涉及一种非线性光学晶体材料的制备方法,同时还涉及该晶体材料在高科技领域的应用。
背景技术
当外加高强度的电磁场(例如激光等)与物质发生相互作用时,电磁场会诱导分子发生极化,从而产生不同于原来电磁场频率、相位、振幅等物理性质的新的电磁场,这一现象即为非线性光学(non-linear optical,简写NLO)效应。非线性光学晶体,具有非线性光学倍频效应,在激光倍频、激光影视、激光印刷等现代激光技术,在军用光学限制器以及光通讯、光信号处理、信息储存等高科技领域有着重要应用价值。目前实际应用的非线性光学晶体一般为无机化合物,例如LiB3O5(LBO),β-BaB2O4(BBO),KH2PO4(KDP),KTiOPO4(KTP),LiNbO3(LNO)与BaTiO3(BTO)等。研究表明利用含孤对电子的B(V),Sb(III)等元素可以构建性能优越的非线性光学材料,如LiB3O5(LBO),β-BaB2O4(BBO)等。无机非线性光学晶体一般具有稳定性好、结晶性好、实用性强等优点,但是其缺点是倍频系数小。而有机非线性光学晶体则相反,通常其稳定性、结晶性都较无机化合物差,但是有机化合物作为非线性光学材料的优点是倍频系数大。我们希望将无机非线性光学晶体与有机非线性光学晶体的优点结合起来,即利用含孤对电子的Sb(III)与有机配体的结合来增强材料的倍频系数,得到性能优越的新型非线性光学材料。有关这方面的研究目前尚无文献报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于制备一种非线性光学晶体2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑。
2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的化学式为Sb(SCH2CH2S)(SC5H4N),分子量为324.07,属正交晶系,空间群Pna2(1),单胞参数为a=9.339(3)b=12.304(4)c=9.159(3)alpha=90°,beta=90°,gamma=90°,V=1052.5(6)Z=4。它的晶体学不对称单元中分别含有一个乙二硫基、一个2-吡啶硫基和一个金属锑原子。金属锑采用三角锥配位,分别与乙二硫基中的2个硫原子和2-吡啶硫基中的一个硫原子配位。同时金属锑原子与2-吡啶硫基配体中的氮原子之间存在着弱的次级键。化合物的紫外可见吸收光谱表明其带隙值为3.18eV。
2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑通过两步法合成:先制备成氯化乙二硫醇锑,再以此进行置换反应,得到最终产物2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑。
非线性光学测量表明,2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑具有优良的非线性光学性能,在1064nm激光照射下输出很强的532nm绿光,其粉末倍频效应(SHG)系数为KDP的2.0倍。预期在现代激光、信息通讯以及军事武器等高科技领域有着重要应用价值。此类非线性光学材料在现代科学技术中,特别是若干军事和民用高科技领域中,例如激光倍频、激光影视、激光印刷、光通讯、光信号处理、信息储存、海洋鱼群探测、潜艇深水通讯、激光致盲武器等,都有一系列重要应用。
附图说明:
图1.2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的结构图
图2.2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的单胞结构图(省略氢原子)
图3.2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的纯相X-射线粉末衍射图
图4.2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的固态吸收光谱图
图5.2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的红外光谱图
具体实施方案如下:
步骤1:氯化乙二硫醇锑的制备。本步骤合成反应采用氮气保护。取10.0mmol的三氯化锑(2.28g)溶于30-40mL的无水乙醇中,缓慢滴加12-15mmol的乙二硫醇,加热回流5-8小时。缓慢降温到室温,得到大量白色晶体,即为氯化乙二硫醇锑。产率为80%,元素分析SbClS2C2H4值为:C 23.93%,H 4.11%,理论值为:C 24.02%,H 4.03%。
步骤2:2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的制备。本步骤合成反应采用氮气保护。分别取4mmol的氯化乙二硫醇锑(0.98g)加入到30mL无水乙醇中,加热到50℃,搅拌至溶解。缓慢滴入20mL含有4mmol 2-吡啶硫化钠的无水乙醇溶液,该溶液由4mmol的金属钠(92mg)和4mmol的2-巯基吡啶(0.46g)依次加入到20mL无水乙醇中所配制。在氮气保护氛围中,加热回流2小时。缓慢降温到室温,得到大量白色微晶,即为2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑。少量产率为75%。元素分析SbS3C7H8N值为:H 2.58%C 26.01%N 4.19%,理论值为:H 2.49%C 25.94%N 4.32%。
取0.1毫摩尔的2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑(32mg)加入到含有3mL无水乙醇或者乙腈的玻璃管(长度为15cm,内径0.8cm)中,密封后置于箱式电阻炉中,120℃反应2天后,以6℃每小时的速率降至25℃,得到最长棱长接近为1.2mm的无色透明块状晶体。
Claims (3)
2.一种权利要求1的所述的2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:先制备成氯化乙二硫醇锑,再以此进行置换反应,得到最终产物2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑。
3.一种权利要求1所述的2-吡啶硫基乙二硫醇锑的用途,其特征在于:该晶体用于激光倍频、激光影视、激光印刷、光通讯、光信号处理、信息储存、海洋鱼群探测、潜艇深水通讯或激光致盲武器。
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