CN101745694B - 工具机 - Google Patents

工具机 Download PDF

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CN101745694B
CN101745694B CN200910253500.5A CN200910253500A CN101745694B CN 101745694 B CN101745694 B CN 101745694B CN 200910253500 A CN200910253500 A CN 200910253500A CN 101745694 B CN101745694 B CN 101745694B
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protection element
workpiece
toolroom machine
sensing device
executing agency
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CN101745694A (zh
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G·施特尔曼
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/0078—Safety devices protecting the operator, e.g. against accident or noise
    • B23Q11/0089—Safety devices protecting the operator, e.g. against accident or noise actuating operator protecting means, e.g. closing a cover element, producing an alarm signal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/0078—Safety devices protecting the operator, e.g. against accident or noise
    • B23Q11/0082—Safety devices protecting the operator, e.g. against accident or noise by determining whether the operator is in a dangerous position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/06—Safety devices for circular cutters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G19/00—Safety guards or devices specially adapted for wood saws; Auxiliary devices facilitating proper operation of wood saws
    • B27G19/02—Safety guards or devices specially adapted for wood saws; Auxiliary devices facilitating proper operation of wood saws for circular saws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
    • F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
    • F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S83/00—Cutting
    • Y10S83/01—Safety devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/081—With randomly actuated stopping means
    • Y10T83/088—Responsive to tool detector or work-feed-means detector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/081—With randomly actuated stopping means
    • Y10T83/091—Responsive to work sensing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/141—With means to monitor and control operation [e.g., self-regulating means]
    • Y10T83/148—Including means to correct the sensed operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/162—With control means responsive to replaceable or selectable information program
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/162—With control means responsive to replaceable or selectable information program
    • Y10T83/173—Arithmetically determined program
    • Y10T83/175—With condition sensor
    • Y10T83/178—Responsive to work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/606—Interrelated tool actuating means and guard means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/768—Rotatable disc tool pair or tool and carrier
    • Y10T83/7684—With means to support work relative to tool[s]
    • Y10T83/773—Work-support includes passageway for tool [e.g., slotted table]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/768—Rotatable disc tool pair or tool and carrier
    • Y10T83/7734—With guard for tool

Abstract

本发明涉及一种工具机，尤其是固定锯，带有保护装置(12a；12b)，该保护装置具有保护元件(14a；14b)。提出，所述保护装置(12a；12b)具有执行机构(16a；16b)，该执行机构被设置用于控制至少由保护元件(14a；14b)构成的开口(18a；18b)，该开口适配工件(20a；20b)的至少一个几何尺寸。

Description

工具机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种工具机。
背景技术
已知一种工具机，尤其是固定锯，具有保护装置，该保护装置具有保护元件。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种工具机，尤其是固定锯，具有保护装置，该保护装置具有保护元件。
提出，该保护装置具有一执行机构，该执行机构被设置用来控制至少由保护元件构成的开口，所述开口可适配于工件的至少一个几何尺寸。尤其是开口的大小可适配。“由保护元件构成的开口”尤其应理解为一个区域，该区域被保护元件和另一元件、例如工作面至少从两侧、优选从四侧限界。“设置”尤其应理解为专门装备、设计和/或编程。“控制”尤其应理解为保护装置能够阻止开口的变化、尤其是开口的变大。保护装置有利地能够在至少一种运行状态强迫开口变小。通过工具机的根据本发明的构型，能够实现具有成本有利的、可逆的及结构简单的保护装置。
此外提出，该保护装置具有一传感装置，该传感器被设置用来至少区分工件和操作人员的身体部分。该传感装置有利地构造为UV/VIS/NIR传感装置。传感器装置可替换地构造为UWB，电容式传感装置或构造为专业人员认为有意义的其它传感装置。通过该保护装置，可以有利地探测并因此阻止身体部分靠近工具机的刀具。
在另一个构型中提出，该保护装置具有一传感装置，该传感装置在至少一个运行状态中获知工件的至少一个部分的几何尺寸。该传感装置有利地构造为超声波传感装置。该传感装置可替换地构造为触觉传感装置、视觉传感装置或构造为专业人员认为有意义的其它传感装置。措辞“工件的至少一个部分的几何尺寸”尤其应理解为工件的高度和/或专业人员认为有意义的、工件的至少一个其它外部尺寸。“运行状态”例如应理解为一种状态，该状态的特征在于工件的加工。通过获知工件的几何尺寸，保护装置能够有利地定位保护元件，使得工件的加工可不受限制。
此外提出，该传感装置至少部分地布置在保护元件的前部区域中。“前部区域”应理解为一个区域，从工具机的刀具出发看，向该区域的方向进行工件的加工。通过这样安置传感装置可以有效地监视危险区域。
此外提出，传感装置具有触觉传感器。该触觉传感器能够有利地获知至少一个信息，该信息将操作人员的身体部分与工件区分开和/或包含工件的至少一个几何尺寸。触觉传感器是特别成本有利的、可靠的并且能够有利地适配于保护装置。
在另一构型中提出，该保护装置具有一控制单元，该控制单元在至少一个运行状态中基于工件的几何尺寸借助执行机构使保护元件运动。该保护元件尤其可被执行机构驱动绕着执行机构旋转轴线运动和/或直线运动。措辞“借助执行机构”尤其应理解为，控制单元控制该执行机构并且该执行机构使保护元件运动。通过保护元件沿着工件几何形状运动，可以提供特别有效和安全的保护装置。
此外提出，该执行机构具有至少一个执行器，该执行器在至少一个运行状态中使保护元件运动到操作人员的身体部分和刀具之间。该措辞“到操作者的身体部分和刀具之间”尤其应理解为，保护元件被执行器带到一个位置中，在该位置，保护元件位于刀具与身体部分之间的一条线上。通过位于操作人员和刀具之间的该保护元件，操作人员被特别有效地保护并且能够特别好地识别危险状况。
此外提出，该执行机构具有一锁止元件，该锁止元件被设置用于阻止开口大小的变化。该措辞“阻止开口大小的变化”尤其应理解为，锁止元件阻止保护元件的会导致开口变大的运动。通过锁止元件可以实现结构简单地固定保护装置，使得特别简单地和成本有利地构造保护装置。
此外提出，该保护元件具有一导入斜坡，该导入斜坡被设置用来将工件的运动转换为保护元件的运动。在这方面，“转换”尤其应理解为，导入斜坡将由操作人员施加到工件上的力传递到保护元件上并且其中改变力的方向。通过导入斜坡可以有利地放弃驱动保护元件的马达。
在另一构型中提出，保护元件具有多个片段，这些片段可相互独立地运动，使得开口的大小能够特别灵活地适配于刀具的几何尺寸。
此外提出，这些片段在主工作方向上可摆动。在这方面，该措辞“在主工作方向上可摆动”尤其应理解为，这些片段可绕垂直于工件运动方向位于刀具对面的摆动轴线运动。“主工作方向”尤其应理解为一个方向，工件在加工时在该方向上相对于刀具运动。通过这些可摆动的片段可以实现结构简单的保护装置。
此外提出，这些片段被相互错开地布置。“相互错开”尤其应理解为，这些片段沿着它们的优选相互平行的摆动轴线在离刀具不同的距离上布置。通过这些片段的错开布置，这些片段可相互独立地运动。
附图说明
其它优点由下面的附图描述中得出。在附图中示出了本发明的两个实施例。附图、说明书、权利要求书组合地包括了相当多的特征。技术人员可以根据目的单个地考虑这些特征并且总结出其它有意义的组合。
附图示出：
图1带有根据本发明的保护装置的工具机的立体视图，
图2根据图1的工具机的左侧视图，
图3具有分片段的保护元件的替换的工具机的侧视图。
具体实施方式
在附图1和2中示出了一带有保护装置12a的、构造为圆锯的工具机10a。该保护装置12a具有保护元件14a，该保护元件构造为一从前面在截面上看为U型形状的保护罩。该保护元件14a在刀具36a的、背离工具机10a工作面50a的一侧的上方、即上面平行于工具机10a的主工作方向44a延伸，并且部分地围住刀具36a。在沿主工作方向44a的后部区域46a中，该保护元件14a借助缝隙楔块48a与工具机10a的其余部分连接。在前部区域28a中，该保护元件14a被封闭地在U型状状保护罩的两个腿之间。可替换的是，在前部区域28a中该保护元件14a相对于刀具36a具有足够大的超出量。
该保护装置12a具有一执行机构16a，该执行机构控制由保护元件14a构成的开口18a，该开口适配于工件20a的高度。为此，该保护装置12a具有构造为计算单元的控制单元32a，在工件20a的加工过程之前、之中以及之后，该控制单元能够基于一几何尺寸、在这里为工件20a的高度借助执行机构16a使保护元件14a运动。该执行机构16a安置在保护元件14a的后部区域46a中并且可移动地将保护元件14a与缝隙楔块48a连接并因此相对于工作面50a可运动。该执行机构16a具有构造为马达的执行器34a，该执行器在垂直于主工作方向44a以及垂直于工作面50a的方向上移动该保护元件14a。附加地，该保护元件14a具有导入斜坡40a，如果操作人员将工件20a压向保护元件14a，该导入斜坡将工件20a的运动转换为保护元件14a的运动。因此，该保护元件14a在垂直于主工作方向44a以及垂直于工作面50a的方向上运动。
在操作人员能够将工件20a向保护元件14a施压的位置上，也就是说在保护元件14a的前部区域28a中，保护装置12a具有第一传感装置22a。借助该传感装置22a，该控制单元32a无接触地区分操作人员是将工件20a还是将身体部分26a推到保护元件14a上。仅当传感装置22a在其中进行工件20a的加工的前部区域28a中识别到工件20a时，控制单元32a允许保护元件14a运动，或者说，借助执行机构16a的执行器34a，控制单元32a支持或实现该运动。保护装置12a具有第二传感装置24a，该传感装置具有触觉传感器30a，该传感装置部分地与第一传感装置22a一体式构成。借助第二传感装置24a，控制单元32a获知几何尺寸，在这里为工件20a的高度。基于所获知的几何尺寸，控制单元32a调整开口的大小。该控制单元32a部分地与两个传感装置22a、24a一体式构成。
在操作人员已经启动工具机10a之后，他在主工作方向44a上将工件20a、这里为木板推到保护元件14上。借助构造为UV/VIS/NIR传感器的第一传感装置22a，控制单元32a识别，工件20a不是操作人员的一个身体部分26a。一旦第二传感装置24a识别出工件20a的高度，执行机构16a就使保护元件14a向上运动并由此增大保护元件14a和工作面50a之间的开口18a，使得能够在保护元件14a和工作面50a之间将工件20a推到刀具36a上。如果操作人员将身体部分26a放置到工件20a上并将该身体部分与工件20a一起向刀具36a推动，则这被控制单元32a借助第一传感装置22a识别到。执行机构16a具有锁止元件38a，该锁止元件在这里阻止开口18a大小的变化。
如果控制单元32a借助传感装置22a、24a识别到，操作人员将身体部分26a跟随在工件20a之后或身体部分26a单独移动到保护元件14a下面，则可实现不同的保护机制。能够借助来自没有详细示出的信号装置的、视觉的和听觉的信号警告操作人员。该控制单元32a使刀具36a减速并使其停止。执行机构16a至少使保护元件14a运动到操作人员的身体部分26a和刀具36a之间，这样，该执行机构16a通过保护元件14a的运动阻止操作人员的身体部分26a继续运动到刀具36a上。
在附图3中示出了本发明的另一实施例。为了区别实施例，用附图3中的实施例的附图标记中的字母b代替附图1、2中的实施例的附图标记中的字母a。下面的描述基本上限于与附图1、2中的实施例的不同之处，其中，对于保持不变的构件、特征和功能，可参考对附图1、2中的实施例的描述。
在附图3中示出了工具机10b的、具有保护元件14b的保护装置12b，该保护元件具有多个片段42b，这些片段可相互独立地运动并且在主工作方向上可摆动。这些片段42b沿着它们的摆动轴线以这些片段42b的厚度相互错位并且在主工作方向44b上顺序布置，使得它们彼此可相对摆动。该保护元件14b沿着主工作方向44b在刀具36b的两侧各具有一列片段42b。借助两个无接触式工作的、布置在保护元件14b的前部区域28b中的传感装置22b、24b，控制单元32b获知工件20b的高度并区分工件20b和这里没有详细示出的操作人员身体部分26b。如果控制单元32b借助传感装置22b、24b识别到，操作人员将身体部分26b跟随在工件20b之后或将身体部分26b独自移动到保护元件14b下面，可采取不同的保护机制。可借助来自没有详细示出的信号装置的视觉的和听觉的信号警告操作人员。该控制单元32b使刀具36b制动并使其停止。执行机构16b使至少一个片段42b运动到操作人员的身体部分26b和刀具36b之间，这样，执行机构16b通过片段42b的运动阻止操作人员的身体部分26b继续运动到刀具36b上，该执行机构对于每个片段42b具有一个执行器32b。工具机10b的另一传感装置52b识别工件20b被推入开口18b中多远并因此能够控制各个片段42b。

Claims (9)

1.工具机，具有保护装置(12a；12b)，该保护装置具有保护元件、一执行机构(16a；16b)、第一传感装置(22a；22b)、第二传感装置(24a；24b)和一控制单元，
其中，该第一传感装置(22a；22b)被设置用于至少区分工件(20a；20b)和操作人员的身体部分(26a；26b)，
该第二传感装置(24a；24b)在至少一个运行状态中获知工件(20a；20b)的至少一个部分的几何尺寸，
仅当第一传感装置(22a；22b)在保护元件(14a；14b)的前部区域(28a；28b)中识别到工件(22a；22b)时，该控制单元在至少一个运行状态中基于工件(20a；20b)的由所述第二传感装置获知的几何尺寸借助执行机构(16a；16b)使该保护元件(14a；14b)运动，以调整所述保护元件(14a；14b)构成的开口的大小来适配工件(20a；20b)的所述至少一个几何尺寸，
并且，所述保护元件(14b)具有多个片段(42b)，所述执行机构(16a；16b)对于每个片段(42b)具有一个执行器(34b)，使得所述多个片段(42b)可相互独立地运动。
2.根据权利要求1的工具机，其特征在于，所述第二传感器装置(24a；24b)至少部分地设置在保护元件(14a；14b)的前部区域(28a；28b)中。
3.至少根据权利要求1或2的工具机，其特征在于，所述第一传感装置(22a；22b)具有触觉传感器(30a)。
4.根据权利要求1或2的工具机，其特征在于，所述执行机构(16a；16b)具有至少一个执行器(34a；34b)，所述执行器在至少一个运行状态中使保护元件(14a；14b)运动到操作人员的身体部分(26a；26b)和刀具(36a；36b)之间。
5.根据权利要求1或2的工具机，其特征在于，所述执行机构(16a)具有锁止元件(38a)，该锁止元件被设置用于，当第一传感装置(22a；22b)识别到操作人员的身体部分(26a；26b)时阻止所述开口(18a)的大小的变化。
6.根据权利要求1或2的工具机，其特征在于，所述保护元件(14a)具有导入斜坡(40a)，该导入斜坡被设置用于将工件(20a)的运动转换成保护元件(14a)的运动。
7.根据权利要求1或2的工具机，其特征在于，这些片段(42b)在主工作方向(44b)上可摆动。
8.根据上述权利要求1或2的工具机，其特征在于，这些片段(42b)被相互错位地布置。
9.根据权利要求1或2的工具机，其特征在于，所述工具机是固定锯。
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