CN101735231A - Method for extracting purified dendrobine from dendrobium stem - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a method for extracting purified dendrobine from dendrobium stem. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, extracting with acid alcohol, enriching and purifying extract by cation exchange resin, stripping with an organic solvent, and separating and preparing by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). The stable extract with the dendrobine content not less than 90% is prepared by the method, the extract is furthered prepared by the HPLC, and the dendrobine with the purity not less than 95% is obtained. Compared with the traditional process, the invention has the advantages of high selectivity, moderate reaction condition, simple process, short production period, and high dendrobine yield and purity. By utilizing the HPLC to separate and prepare, the dendrobine loss can be reduced, the relevant matters with similar structure can be obtained, the practical value is high, and a new path by utilizing the dendrobium stem plants is provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation of Chinese medical extract, relate generally to a kind of method of from dendrobium stem, extracting the purifying dendrobine.
Technical background
The stem of noble dendrobium has anti-ageing, antitumor, lowering blood glucose, treatment gastrointestinal tract disease and the cataractous effect of treatment, the medicinal ingredients of the stem of noble dendrobium mainly is dendrobine and polysaccharose substance, total alkaloids to 11 kinds of stems of noble dendrobium carries out assay, the alkaloid of tool bitter taste is higher when finding all character identification, wherein the dendrobium stem total alkaloid content reaches 0.41%～0.64%, far beyond other kinds stem of noble dendrobium height, wherein is mainly dendrobine, the stem of noble dendrobium time alkali, the 6-hydroxyl stem of noble dendrobium etc.Its main component dendrobine then has pain relieving, refrigeration function, can reduce heart rate, blood pressure, and the breathing of slowing down raises the blood sugar moderate, has strong effect and can separate barbitalism.
Dendrobine separated to obtain in 1932 first from Chinese medicinal materials dendrobium stem (Dendrobium nobile Lindl), its chemical structural formula is C16H25NO2, and molecular weight is 263, and fusing point 134-136 ℃, be soluble in ether, chloroform, be insoluble in ethanol, water.At present, the extraction of dendrobine mainly is according to document (T.Okamoto, etal.The structure ofdendrobine.Chem.Pharm.Bull.1964,12 (4): 506-512; Y.Inubushi, et a1.Isolution andCharacterization of Alkaloids of the Chinese Drug " Chi-shi-hu " .Chem.Pharm.Bull.1964,12 (10): the method 1175-1180) is carried out, but the dendrobine quality that this method obtains is stable inadequately, the impurity that contains is more, the rate of recovery is low, is not suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that purifying obtains stay-in-grade high purity dendrobine of from dendrobium stem, extracting.Can obtain dendrobine content by the inventive method and be not less than 80% stable extract, and with extract further through the HPLC preparation, can obtain the dendrobine of purity 〉=95%.Compare with technology in the past, method of the present invention has the selectivity height, the reaction conditions gentleness, technology is simple, and is with short production cycle, the characteristics that dendrobine yield and purity are high, has stronger practical value, for development and use dendrobium stem plant resources provides new approach.
The present invention constitutes like this: the method for extracting the purifying dendrobine from dendrobium stem is realized by the following step:
(1) extract: dendrobium stem stem meal adds acid organic solvent extraction;
(2) cross post: step (1) gained extracting solution spent ion exchange resin is adsorbed and wash-out;
(3) extraction: step (2) gained elutriant is regulated pH, successively use chloroform and extracted with diethyl ether, get the dendrobine crude extract;
(4) HPLC preparation: the dendrobine crude extract is carried out HPLC separate preparation.
Concrete grammar is realized by the following step:
(1) extract: dendrobium stem stem meal is by W/V=1: 3～15 solid-liquid ratio adds acid organic solvent, and heating is extracted 1～5 time, and each 1～6 hour, filter residue was abandoned in filtration;
(2) cross post: step (1) gained extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract,,, is eluted to till the lifeless matter alkali reaction by through pretreated Zeo-karb with the sour water dissolving;
(3) extraction: with step (2) gained elutriant be concentrated into do not have an alcohol flavor till, add alkali and regulate pH, use the equal-volume chloroform extraction, after extraction liquid is condensed into medicinal extract, redissolve with sour water, regulate pH, use extracted with diethyl ether again, get the dendrobine crude extract behind the concentrate drying;
(4) HPLC preparation: separate preparation with carrying out HPLC after the dissolving of dendrobine crude extract.
The method of Que Dinging is to be realized by the following step more:
(1) extract: dendrobium stem stem meal is by W/V=1: 8～12 solid-liquid ratio adds acid organic solvent, extracts 3 times down in slight boiling condition, and each 2～4 hours, filter residue was abandoned in filtration;
(2) cross post: step (1) gained extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract,, crosses, with distilled water eluting water solubility impurity, use the alkaline ethanol wash-out again, till the lifeless matter alkali reaction earlier through pretreated Zeo-karb with the sour water dissolving;
(3) extraction: with step (2) gained alkaline ethanol elutriant be concentrated into do not have an alcohol flavor till, add alkali and regulate pH, with equal-volume chloroform extraction 3-4 time; Concentrated extract, lyophilize can get dendrobium stem alkaloids; After the gained dendrobium stem alkaloids redissolved with sour water, add alkali and regulate pH, with the equal-volume extracted with diethyl ether to ether colourless till, concentrate, lyophilize can get dendrobine content and be not less than 80% extract;
(4) HPLC preparation: the dendrobine crude extract with 3 times of amount dissolve with methanol, is carried out HPLC then and separates to prepare and can get dendrobine content and be not less than 95% extract.
Dendrobium stem stem meal and acid organic solvent solid-liquid ratio are W/V=1 in the step (1) of present method: 10; Acid is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and organic solvent is an ethanol, and pH is 4; Extraction time is 2 hours.
Sour water pH is 4 in the step (2), and acid is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid; Zeo-karb is 731 type storng-acid cation exchange resins; Alkali is ammoniacal liquor, transfers alkaline ethanol pH=10, and alcohol concn is 80%.
Step (3) alkali is ammoniacal liquor, transfers pH to 10; Acid is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, transfers pH to 4.
Step (4) preparation condition is that column packing is C
18The ODS post, the detection wavelength is 223nm, moving phase is methyl alcohol: water=80: 20; Column temperature is 35 ℃, and flow velocity is 1ml/min, collects 2.4 ± 0.1 minutes components of retention time.
Volatilize the dendrobine that promptly gets content 〉=95% after the moving phase.
Compared with prior art the inventive method has following characteristics:
(1) since in the dendrobium stem alkaloid be weak base, use the acidic ethanol lixiviate, no matter at this moment alkaloid is that form with salt exists or exists with the form of alkali, generally can be leached.And because rare alcohol can soak into plant tissue inside, so extraction efficiency is higher.
(2) before extract adopts HPLC to separate, use the Zeo-karb pre-treatment earlier, can remove most of impurity, avoid interference, applied sample amount is greatly improved, and reduces pollution chromatographic column.
(3) compare with traditional method, the purification procedures of HPLC preparation the simplification greatly material fast, efficiently, is fit to qualitative and quantitative analysis in the suitability for industrialized production.
The stable extract dendrobine of gained of the present invention (purity 〉=95%) can be used as and extracts the reference substance of measuring with other formulation contents.
The applicant has carried out a series of experiments, and extracting method is studied.Through check, the inventive method extraction yield height, the big production of industry is practical.
Experimental example: purity test
High performance liquid chromatography parameter: chromatographic column: C
18The ODS post; Moving phase: methyl alcohol: water=70: 30 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), methyl alcohol: water=90: 10 (Fig. 3); Temperature: 35 ℃; Flow velocity: 1ml/min; Detect wavelength: 223nm.
Adopt high performance liquid chromatography, calculate with area normalization method, the inventive method can obtain dendrobine content and be not less than 80% stable extract, and with extract further through the HPLC preparation, can obtain the dendrobine of purity 〉=95%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the purity test collection of illustrative plates of separating obtained dendrobine;
Fig. 2 is a dendrobine crude extract high performance liquid phase purity test collection of illustrative plates;
Fig. 3 is the separating obtained dendrobine purity test of a HPLC collection of illustrative plates;
Fig. 4 is the process flow sheet of preparation dendrobine.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention 1:
Get the dendrobium stem stem, acidic ethanol with the pH=3 of 10 times of medicinal material dry weights extracted 2 hours under slight boiling condition, lixiviate 3 times, extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract, add ammoniacal liquor and regulate pH=10, use equal-volume chloroform extraction 3-4 time, concentrated extract, lyophilize can get dendrobium stem alkaloids, and content is 68.4%.After the gained dendrobium stem alkaloids redissolved with the sour water of pH=4, add ammoniacal liquor and regulate pH=10, with the equal-volume extracted with diethyl ether to ether colourless till, concentrate, lyophilize, promptly get dendrobine, dendrobine content 66.1%.
Embodiments of the invention 2:
Get the dendrobium stem stem, use the acidic ethanol of the pH=3 of 10 times of medicinal material dry weights under slight boiling condition, to extract 2 hours lixiviate 3 times, extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract, with the sour water dissolving of pH=4, crosses through pretreated Zeo-karb, earlier with distilled water eluting water solubility impurity, use 70% alkaline ethanol wash-out again, elutriant is concentrated into does not have the alcohol flavor, adds ammoniacal liquor and regulates pH=10, with equal-volume chloroform extraction 34 times, concentrated extract, lyophilize can get dendrobium stem alkaloids, and content is 81.0%.After the gained dendrobium stem alkaloids redissolved with the sour water of pH=4, add ammoniacal liquor and regulate pH=10, with the equal-volume extracted with diethyl ether to ether colourless till, concentrate, lyophilize, promptly get dendrobine, dendrobine content 82.7%.
Embodiments of the invention 3:
Get the dendrobium stem stem, acidic ethanol with the pH=3 of 10 times of medicinal material dry weights extracted 2 hours under slight boiling condition, lixiviate 3 times, extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract, sour water dissolving with pH=4, cross through pretreated Zeo-karb, earlier with distilled water eluting water solubility impurity, use 70% alkaline ethanol wash-out again, elutriant is concentrated into and does not contain till the ethanol, adds ammoniacal liquor and regulates pH=10, with equal-volume chloroform extraction 34 times, concentrated extract, lyophilize can get dendrobium stem alkaloids, and content is 85.3%.After the gained dendrobium stem alkaloids redissolved with the sour water of pH=4, add ammoniacal liquor and regulate pH=10, with the equal-volume extracted with diethyl ether to ether colourless till, concentrate, lyophilize, promptly get the dendrobine crude extract.With 3 times of amount dissolve with methanol, carry out the HPLC separation and purification then again, collect 2.7 ± 0.1 minutes components of retention time, volatilize moving phase after, promptly get content and be 95.5% dendrobine.
Embodiments of the invention 4:
Get dendrobium stem stem meal by W/V=1: 6 solid-liquid ratio adds acid organic solvent, and heating is extracted 1 time, and each 1 hour, filter, abandon filter residue; The gained extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract, with the sour water dissolving, by through pretreated Zeo-karb, is eluted to till the lifeless matter alkali reaction; Gained alkaline ethanol elutriant is concentrated into till the nothing alcohol flavor, adds alkali and regulates pH, with equal-volume chloroform or extracted with diethyl ether, gets the dendrobine crude extract; Separate preparation with carrying out HPLC after the dissolving of dendrobine crude extract.
Embodiments of the invention 5:
Get dendrobium stem stem meal by W/V=1: 14 solid-liquid ratio adds acid organic solvent, and heating is extracted 5 times, and each 6 hours, filter, abandon filter residue; The gained extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract, with the sour water dissolving, by through pretreated Zeo-karb, is eluted to till the lifeless matter alkali reaction; Gained alkaline ethanol elutriant is concentrated into till the nothing alcohol flavor, adds alkali and regulates pH, with equal-volume chloroform or extracted with diethyl ether, gets the dendrobine crude extract; Separate preparation with carrying out HPLC after the dissolving of dendrobine crude extract.
Embodiments of the invention 6:
Get dendrobium stem stem meal by W/V=1: 8 solid-liquid ratio adds acid organic solvent, extract 3 times down in slight boiling condition, and each 2 hours, filter, abandon filter residue; The gained extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract, with the sour water dissolving, crosses through pretreated Zeo-karb, with distilled water eluting water solubility impurity, uses the alkaline ethanol wash-out again, till the lifeless matter alkali reaction earlier; Gained alkaline ethanol elutriant is concentrated into not to be had till the alcohol flavor, adds alkali and regulates pH, uses equal-volume chloroform extraction 3 times; Concentrated extract, lyophilize can get dendrobium stem alkaloids; After the gained dendrobium stem alkaloids redissolved with sour water, add alkali and regulate pH, with the equal-volume extracted with diethyl ether to ether colourless till, concentrate, lyophilize can get dendrobine content and be not less than 80% extract; HPLC preparation: the dendrobine crude extract with 3 times of amount dissolve with methanol, is carried out HPLC then and separates to prepare and can get dendrobine content and be not less than 95% extract.
Embodiments of the invention 7:
Get dendrobium stem stem meal by W/V=1: 12 solid-liquid ratio adds acid organic solvent, extract 3 times down in slight boiling condition, and each 4 hours, filter, abandon filter residue; The gained extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract, with the sour water dissolving, crosses through pretreated Zeo-karb, with distilled water eluting water solubility impurity, uses the alkaline ethanol wash-out again, till the lifeless matter alkali reaction earlier; Gained alkaline ethanol elutriant is concentrated into not to be had till the alcohol flavor, adds alkali and regulates pH, uses equal-volume chloroform extraction 4 times; Concentrated extract, lyophilize can get dendrobium stem alkaloids; After the gained dendrobium stem alkaloids redissolved with sour water, add alkali and regulate pH, with the equal-volume extracted with diethyl ether to ether colourless till, concentrate, lyophilize can get dendrobine content and be not less than 80% extract; HPLC preparation: the dendrobine crude extract with 3 times of amount dissolve with methanol, is carried out HPLC then and separates to prepare and can get dendrobine content and be not less than 95% extract.
Claims (7)
1. method of extracting the purifying dendrobine from dendrobium stem is characterized in that: realized by the following step:
(1) extract: dendrobium stem stem meal adds acid organic solvent extraction;
(2) cross post: step (1) gained extracting solution spent ion exchange resin is adsorbed and wash-out;
(3) extraction: step (2) gained elutriant is regulated pH, successively use chloroform and extracted with diethyl ether, get the dendrobine crude extract;
(4) HPLC preparation: the dendrobine crude extract is carried out HPLC separate preparation.
2. the method for extracting the purifying dendrobine from dendrobium stem according to claim 1 is characterized in that: realized by the following step:
(1) extract: dendrobium stem stem meal is by W/V=1: 3～15 solid-liquid ratio adds acid organic solvent, and heating is extracted 1～5 time, and each 1～6 hour, filter residue was abandoned in filtration;
(2) cross post: step (1) gained extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract,,, is eluted to till the lifeless matter alkali reaction by through pretreated Zeo-karb with the sour water dissolving;
(3) extraction: with step (2) gained elutriant be concentrated into do not have an alcohol flavor till, add alkali and regulate pH, use the equal-volume chloroform extraction, after extraction liquid is condensed into medicinal extract, redissolve with sour water, regulate pH, use extracted with diethyl ether again, get the dendrobine crude extract behind the concentrate drying;
(4) HPLC preparation: separate preparation with carrying out HPLC after the dissolving of dendrobine crude extract.
3. the method for extracting the purifying dendrobine from dendrobium stem according to claim 2 is characterized in that: realized by the following step:
(1) extract: dendrobium stem stem meal is by W/V=1: 8～12 solid-liquid ratio adds acid organic solvent, extracts 3 times down in slight boiling condition, and each 2～4 hours, filter residue was abandoned in filtration;
(2) cross post: step (1) gained extracting solution is condensed into medicinal extract,, crosses, with distilled water eluting water solubility impurity, use the alkaline ethanol wash-out again, till the lifeless matter alkali reaction earlier through pretreated Zeo-karb with the sour water dissolving;
(3) extraction: with step (2) gained alkaline ethanol elutriant be concentrated into do not have an alcohol flavor till, add alkali and regulate pH, with equal-volume chloroform extraction 3～4 times; Concentrated extract, lyophilize can get dendrobium stem alkaloids; After the gained dendrobium stem alkaloids redissolved with sour water, add alkali and regulate pH, with the equal-volume extracted with diethyl ether to ether colourless till, concentrate, lyophilize can get dendrobine content and be not less than 80% extract;
(4) HPLC preparation: the dendrobine crude extract with 3 times of amount dissolve with methanol, is carried out HPLC then and separates to prepare and can get dendrobine content and be not less than 95% extract.
4. the method for extracting the purifying dendrobine from dendrobium stem according to claim 3 is characterized in that: dendrobium stem stem meal and acid organic solvent solid-liquid ratio are W/V=1 in the step (1): 10; Acid is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and organic solvent is an ethanol, and pH is 4; Extraction time is 2 hours.
5. the method for extracting the purifying dendrobine from dendrobium stem according to claim 3 is characterized in that: sour water pH is 4 in the step (2), and acid is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid; Zeo-karb is 731 type storng-acid cation exchange resins; Alkali is ammoniacal liquor, transfers alkaline ethanol pH=10, and alcohol concn is 80%.
6. the method for from dendrobium stem, extracting the purifying dendrobine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: step (3) alkali is ammoniacal liquor, transfers pH to 10; Acid is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, transfers pH to 4.
7. the method for extracting the purifying dendrobine from dendrobium stem according to claim 3 is characterized in that: step (4) preparation condition is, column packing is the C18ODS post, and the detection wavelength is 223nm, and moving phase is methyl alcohol: water=80: 20; Column temperature is 35 ℃, and flow velocity is 1ml/min, collects 2.4 ± 0.1 minutes components of retention time.
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| CN102477040A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-30 | 苏州宝泽堂医药科技有限公司 | Method for preparing dendrobine |
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