CN1017183B

CN1017183B - Kiln cars

Info

Publication number: CN1017183B
Application number: CN 86105634
Authority: CN
Inventors: 约翰·埃利奥特
Original assignee: Acme Marls Ltd
Current assignee: Acme Marls Ltd
Priority date: 1985-07-05
Filing date: 1986-07-05
Publication date: 1992-06-24
Also published as: EP0208249B1; EP0208249A1; GB8517172D0; CN86105634A; GB2179127A; DE3665929D1

Abstract

A refractory superstructure for a kiln car comprising a refractory base (10) of hollow construction comprising side plates (18, 19) and cover plates (23) and filled with lightweight insulating material (21, 22) of low thermal mass. The base incorporates socket members (11, 12, 13) which extend over substantially the entire thickness of the base and receive the lower end portions columns (31) which form part of a refractory superstructure. The columns (31) comprise upright inner members (32) having thereon alternate spacer members (33) and support members (34) whereby removable shelves are supported. The upper ends of the columns (31) are secured together by means of top plates (38).

Description

Kiln Cars

The present invention relates to a kind of kiln car, this kiln car is being adorned the ceramic workpiece and is being passed through kiln in ablating work procedure.Such kiln car has the guide rail car in order to the non-fire resistive material of supporting fireproof construction usually, and fireproof construction has at least a base to be used to protect guide rail car.Fireproof construction transports the ceramic workpiece that need fire, and the ceramic workpiece is placed on the fire-resistant superstructure usually, and the latter is placed on the base.

For reducing the hear rate that causes by thermal cycle, need reduce the thermal capacity of base, for example, such measure has been described in the European patent specification 24037.

For ease of motor-driven loading workpiece to be fired, existing program is to adopt a kind of superstructure that is suitable for supporting removable shelf, earlier workpiece is placed on the shelf that is called refractory support, then, shelf and superstructure are assembled together, but for guaranteeing the due stability of superstructure, no matter shelf is in or be not on the superstructure, all must insert cross member in the superstructure, these parts link with the vertical member that supports removable shelf.

With british patent specification 1518052 is example, superstructure has the vertical wall that extends along the kiln car longitudinal centre line together, vertical member is fixed on the above-mentioned vertical wall by certain longitudinal pitch, and it is overhanging in parallel to each other, thereby for the removable shelf on the crosspiece of vertical member supporting is determined the space, the shortcoming of this layout is: the wall at center is divided into two adjacent areas with kiln car, thereby have to adorn workpiece from the fire-resistant shelf of two side direction of kiln car center line, if employing mechanical loading, just need to use or two covers load devices or through custom-designed can be simultaneously or load the loading attachment of workpiece successively from the kiln car both sides.Regrettably: this device, both uneconomical, heavy again, be not suitable for actual use.

With BP patent 1421504 is that example illustrates another kind of the layout: superstructure comprises and is added in top column piece, and interconnects by fixing horizontal shelf, and the support of perpendicular separation is provided for auxiliary removable shelf.But this layout only allows to load from a side of kiln car.And because fixing shelf can not be used for supporting workpiece effectively, therefore, this layout can not be applicable to mechanical loading well, unless artificial loading.In addition, owing under removable shelf, leave the minimum space of support component that can settle the loading facility, will on fixed shelf, produce unserviceablely, thereby significantly reduce the bearer cap of superstructure than large space.

All there is other shortcoming in above-mentioned two kinds of layouts, and superstructure is comparatively thick and heavy, are therefore caused bigger energy consumption by thermal cycle.

The object of the invention is: provide a kind of to one of above-mentioned prior art or many-sided fireproof construction that is used for kiln car that has improved.

According to the present invention, a kind of fireproof construction that is used for kiln car comprises a following feature at least.

A): the superstructure that is used to support the moved shelf that carries workpiece, the column that comprises a plurality of refractory materials, every root post is all as the support unit of the perpendicular separation of described shelf, and the bottom of column is arranged in corresponding aperture, and the thickness of whole fire-resistant base is passed in this hole basically.

B): be used to support the superstructure of the moved shelf that carries workpiece, only be made of a plurality of refractory material columns, described column only interconnects at an upper portion thereof, constitutes a part of the perpendicular separation of described shelf thus.

C): be used to support the superstructure of the moved shelf of carrying workpiece, have many root posts, every root post is made of sleeve or the cover shoulder that inner prop and a plurality of form of joining with " end and end " of vertical refractory material is sleeved on the refractory material on the described inner prop.

D): fill fire-resistant base lightweight refracrory, hollow with low heat capacity, a plurality of socket components that extend to the whole thickness of base are housed, the bottom of the vertical member of corresponding refractory material is admitted in hole on these socket components, and vertical member constitutes the part of superstructure to settle the moved shelf of carrying workpiece.

E): constitute for socket joint a superstructure part vertical member socket component substantially extend through fill whole thickness with the hollow base of low heat capacity lightweight refracrory, by fixing plumb post socket component is fixed among the described base, plumb post inserts in another hole of the socket joint vertical member that adjoins.

The above-mentioned feature that reaches other will be described in embodiment and accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 has represented that according to a kind of fire-resistant superstructure that is used for kiln car of the present invention part is side-looking, and part is a vertical section.

Fig. 2 has represented a corresponding end-view.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view along the band portion section of Fig. 1 III-III line, the heat insulation layer that is positioned at base that has saved shelf movably and will mention hereinafter.

As shown in drawings, the fireproof construction that is used for holding workpieces on the kiln car, its a kind of embodiment preferably includes a hollow refractory material base (10) that is supporting fire-resistant superstructure (30), and fire-resistant superstructure (30) is used for supporting refractory support a plurality of movably rectangles and that make the workpiece carrier or lattice plate (50).

Base (10) is rectangular and socket component (11) is housed on the angle, and other socket component (12) is arranged between two angles, and two auxiliary socket components (13) are positioned on the longitudinal centre line of base.These socket components are by three longitudinally extending metal battens (14) supportings, and 4 vertical, tubular metal pillars (15) are arranged on every.Metal mainstay (15) insert corresponding and with the hole (16) of metal mainstay (15) same cross-sectional, (16a) in.From the whole height of the end to end of socket component, preferably all be aforesaid cross sectional shape.As shown in the figure, metal mainstay (15), hole (16) and (16a) be square sectional the most easy to use, the same with

socket component

11,12 with 13, also available other suitable cross section certainly.

Above-mentioned socket component has vertically extending water jacket (17), and water jacket (17) is used for laying the two ends of fire-

resistant panel

18 and 19, and panel (18) and (19) have constituted the sidewall of base 10 together.The thermal insulation board 20 of evagination is made of the protruding refractory slab of side, for block resistance in the kiln base around the radiant heat propagated downwards give the metal guide rail car (in the drawings expression) of goods by kiln be housed, and the protruding refractory slab of side is assemblied between fire-

resistant panel

18 and 19.

The heat-insulating block 21 that covers with insulation material layer 22 is filled base 10 inside so that whole fireproof construction was both light and thermal capacitance is low.

Should should be mentioned that especially that

socket component

11,12 and 13 extends the whole thickness of base 10 substantially, end bearing a plurality of cover plates 23 that are used for sealing base 10 tops on these socket components.

Also should mention, metal mainstay 15 extends upward from the lower end of

socket component

11,12 and 13 until the most of height that exceeds every socket component so that fixing socket component.So not only prevented the transverse movement of socket component, also limited socket component rocking effectively around its lower end.As seeing, hole 16,16a are not positioned at the positive center of the socket component of square sectional.But for the socket component on the angle 11, an angle of socket component is partial in hole 16; And for the socket component 12 and the center line socket component 13 of side, hole 16a is partial to a side.This arrangement can on each socket component, be provided with another with 16, the 16a hole is corresponding and the parallel with it

similar hole

24,25 of passing the total length of socket component, just passes the thickness of whole base.

Preferably: on the through hole 24 that is provided with on the socket component on the angle 11 is cornerwise another angle in the hole on this socket component 16.And having through hole 25 on side and

center socket component

11 and 12, with the relative side in limit, 16a place, hole,

hole

24 and 25 can be a square sectional of being convenient to make use, also can adopt some other cross sectional shape on the through hole 25 close socket components.

As shown in Figure 3,

socket component

11 and 12 is to be placed on the batten 14, and through

hole

24 and 25 is required to hold towards the outside of the pillar 15 of correspondence that to pluck part be to be contained on this pillar like this, by this way, through

hole

24,25 should the as close as possible base 10 corresponding outsides and the angle on.

In the

end portion patchhole

24,25 of the pillar 31 that forms part superstructure 30.Post 31 can be an one, and it is represented by the illustrated most preferred embodiment of the present invention, they are combining structures, comprise that one is elongated inner prop 32 basically, inner prop 32 is the square sectional earthenware of an elongated heavy wall preferably, and its size securely is inserted in the

hole

24,25 just, so, the lower end of each inner prop 32 is placed on metal fixedly on the batten 14 and on itself and base 10 corresponding whole segment length, is supported by

socket component

11,12 and 13, supports to provide to greatest extent.

Be with a plurality of stacked outer parts on the every inner prop 32 in the legend, comprise adopt sleeve 33 forms alternately every the shelf support of post and cover shoulder 34 forms, with a few joint square sectional earthenwares as above-mentioned sleeve; And cover shoulder cross section is plate basically, and has the square hole that is used for inserting inner prop 32.Can be clear that from Fig. 1 the cover shoulder 34 end cross evaginations by sleeve 33 form the flange 39 that can prop up staked shelf 50.Though also can adopt other shape, cover shoulder 34 is the square-section preferably.

Aforesaid embodiment flange 39 is to be made of the cover shoulder 34 that structurally separates with sleeve 33.But sleeve can be made one with flange, so just need not overlap and take on.Similarly, the foregoing description flange and inner prop 32 are not one, and can adopt one yet, and sleeve and cover shoulder all can be removed from like this.

For stabilizer column 31 does not take up room, these columns only interconnect in the upper end that it is higher than base 10.Top board 38 is used for fixing these columns and prevents its relative horizontal movement.In described embodiment, each column has corresponding overhead in order to connecting the protrusion of one or more settings, and protrusion matches with the corresponding recesses that downside at top board 38 forms.

In described embodiment, being positioned at column 31 on the superstructure angle has overhead 35 with a protrusion 35a, and protrusion 35a matches with respective slot on the top board that is supported by the angle upper pillar stand.The column 31 of centre, superstructure side is equipped with the overhead 36 with a pair of protrusion 36a, and protrusion 36a matches with two grooves that are close to the top board adjacent angles that are positioned at by upright supports.Similarly, the overhead 37 of two center stand column 31 cooperates the groove at 4 angles of adjacent 4 top boards with 4 protrusion (not shown)s with this.

As cover shoulder 34,

overhead

35,36 and 37 can have square hole and be secured on the inner prop 32 of post 31, optimal placement is: make inner prop 32 pass the full-height of sleeve and cover shoulder assembly basically, and make its upper end be lower than the upper surface of the highest sleeve 33 slightly, the latter has just reserved a shallow socket, is positioned at protrusion 35b, 36b, the 37b of the square sectional of respective tops member downside with insertion.In addition, when column when being tubular, overhead can be made with less downward protrusion and in being fit to insert in the column end.And when needs, inner prop can be made up of solid hopkinson bar.

Be appreciated that because superstructure there is no to make shelf can not be put into the obstacle of another side from one side, movably shelf can be placed into from the either side of superstructure on cover shoulder 34 flanges that had.Each removable shelf 50 can cover the width of whole superstructure so that be supported at its four angles and along the mid portion of growing the limit.In addition, each shelf can only be equivalent to half of superstructure width, and by four flange bearings that are positioned on four adjacent upright posts 31 on the angle.However, if shelf requires three-point support, also can improve base 10, make central metal fixedly batten 14 supporting is provided for three root posts, this three root post is arranged in by the fixing centre of two row columns of batten 14 supporting of two outermost metals, in such a way, live removable shelf 50, be put into another side one side this moment, shelf can not be from superstructure with three flange bearings.For above-mentioned reasons, this layout is unfavorable for the mechanical loading of shelf, certainly, also may be suitable for certain occasion.

Need point out especially: opposite with previous scheme, column 31 bottoms need not to embed thick and heavy support, by contrast, for column 31 provides

socket component

11,12,13 weight of required support lighter, this is because socket component all has two holes-self to be fixed on corresponding metal fixedly on the batten 14, another is used for admitting the lower end of column 31, because above-mentioned two axially bored lines are parallel to each other, insert can be supplied with as far as possible reliably by the total length of socket component and on the vertical direction of base and support.

By the assembling and the column 31 formed has the following advantages on inner prop 32 of sleeve 33 and cover shoulder 34: sleeve can be made all lengths in advance, so that leave suitable height according to waiting to burn 50 of the moved shelves that the required space of workpiece supports superstructure.

Obviously, superstructure 30 has adopted the heat loss that causes with the minimizing thermal cycle than light structure, but Stability Analysis of Structures and energy mechanical loading support shelf 50.

By the disclosed feature of foregoing description, by accompanying drawing or specification, play disclosed function with certain means, someways or operation reach disclosed effect, or by device after a series of device or the combination-as long as make up the disclosed feature of present specification-can be used for the realizing invention of this type separately or in any case.

Claims

1, a kind of fireproof construction that is used for kiln car, have fire-resistant base that is used to be placed on the guide rail car and the fire-resistant superstructure that is used to support the removable shelf that carries workpiece, this superstructure has the column of refractory material, every root post is as the vertical support support shelf, and the bottom of column is located in the corresponding aperture that extends on the thickness of base.

2, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 1, base is connected with the socket component of refractory material, and each socket component extends on the thickness of base, has the respective aperture of inserting column on the socket component.

3, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 2, the fixing plumb post that inserts in another hole of offering on the socket component is fixed on socket component on the base.

4, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 3 is inserted the hole of column lower end and the hole of slotting plumb post and is extended on the height of base concurrently mutually in each socket component.

5, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 4 is provided with socket component on the angle of this structure, outwards setover with the diagonal angle in the hole of the slotting column bottom of offering on socket component on the angle and the hole of slotting plumb post.

6, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 5, intermediate configurations has socket component in the side, and relatively outwards setover in the hole of offering on this socket component of inserting two posts.

7, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 4 is by the metal batten anchor post that is positioned at the base bottom surface; The lower end of column is fixed on the metal batten.

8, as the described base of claim 1 to 7, base is formed hollow-core construction by side plate and lid, fills the lightweight refracrory with low heat capacity in it.

9, fireproof construction according to claim 1, each vertical inner prop by refractory material of described column constitutes, and folding in the member of outside of refractory material is enclosed within on the inner prop with the form that " end and end " joins, and gives shelf to support.

10, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 9, described external member comprise alternately every post and give the support component of shelf support.

11, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 1, described the column only most significant end on base link together.

12, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 11, column is coupled together by top board.

13, fireproof construction as claimed in claim 12 has recess on the angle of each top board, the upper end of each column has ridge to be inserted in the recess on the top board angle.