CN101717813A - 活性乳酸菌饮料中菌落总数的检测方法 - Google Patents

活性乳酸菌饮料中菌落总数的检测方法 Download PDF

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CN101717813A
CN101717813A CN200910214293A CN200910214293A CN101717813A CN 101717813 A CN101717813 A CN 101717813A CN 200910214293 A CN200910214293 A CN 200910214293A CN 200910214293 A CN200910214293 A CN 200910214293A CN 101717813 A CN101717813 A CN 101717813A
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马德良
蔡芷荷
吴清平
何天文
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Guangdong Huankai Microbial Sci and Tech Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明所述的活性乳酸菌饮料中菌落总数的检测方法涉及一种微生物检测方法。其使用滤膜过滤活性乳酸菌饮料的稀释液,然后用生理盐水冲洗滤膜,将冲洗后的滤膜滤面朝上贴于TTC营养琼脂平板上,37℃下倒置培养48±2h后计数。采用本发明所述的方法,可准确、简便及快速的对活性乳酸菌饮料中的污染细菌菌落总数进行检测,从而为检查活性乳酸菌饮料的卫生质量提供有效方法。

Description

活性乳酸菌饮料中菌落总数的检测方法
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种微生物检测方法。
【背景技术】
随着消费群体对食品安全的日益重视,国家对食品安全的监测与控制及要求也越来越严格,各食品厂家对生产关键环节与控制点也加强了监控措施。均要求对产品的细菌总数进行检测,《食品卫生微生物学检验》(GB/T4789-2008)规定了多类食品的菌落总数的检验方法,只有活性乳酸菌制品尚没有统一的菌落总数检验方法。
乳酸菌是一类能够利用可发酵性糖产生大量乳酸的细菌通称。其共同特征是革兰氏染色阳性,过氧化氢酶阴性,兼性厌氧,营养要求复杂,需要碳水化合物、氨基酸、肽类、无机盐、维生素等多种营养物质和生长因子才能正常生长和代谢。乳酸菌对人体的保健作用不断被人们所认识,酸奶制品发展迅速,越来越多的具有特殊益生功能的乳酸菌被添加到乳品中,以酸乳为代表的活性乳酸菌饮料已成为人们日常饮品。德氏乳杆菌保加利亚种、嗜热链球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、双歧杆菌等为发酵菌种,被单独应用或多株菌联合发酵或后混合方式来生产益生菌酸奶。乳酸菌数量是评价该类产品营养价值与保健作用的重要依据。因此,该类产品质量评价常用活菌计数法评定.酸乳国家标准中规定,乳酸菌数不得低于1×106cfu/mL。目前市场流通的产品中乳酸菌的含量多数达到109cfu/mL左右。
菌落总数的测定,可以了解产品在生产中,从原料加工到成品包装及贮存运输等环节受外界污染的情况,也可以观测产品中细菌的性质以及细菌在产品中繁殖动态,可以对被检样品进行卫生学评价时提供科学依据,菌落总数是检测产品卫生状况的重要指标。大量实验证明,乳酸菌饮料中的污染菌在产品货架期内可以存活,对消费者的健康造成潜在的威胁。因此,必须对活性乳酸菌饮料的污染菌总数进行检测。活性乳酸菌饮料由于本身含有大量的活性乳酸菌,对菌落总数检测形成极大干扰。其菌落总数的检测难题一直困扰着生产者和卫生监督者。
我国目前还没有统一的活性乳酸菌饮料菌落总数的测定方法,国际上有ISO 13559:2002(E)《黄油、发酵奶制品和鲜奶酪.污染微生物的计数.在30℃时的菌落计数法》及日本《乳酸菌粉末清凉饮料菌落总数测定》。ISO13559:2002(E)由于采用涂布法,检验精度受到一定影响,而且检测时间长;日本《乳酸菌粉末清凉饮料菌落总数测定》,用添加青霉素G钾的葡萄糖琼脂培养基与添加4%氯化钠的BCP平板计数琼脂培养基上生长菌落数的差值作为菌落总数,操作繁琐,由于培养基添加的选择性抑制成分对检测的影响复杂,降低了结果的准确度,同时也存在检测灵敏度不够的问题。
【发明内容】
本发明旨在提供一种检测结果准确,检测周期短的活性乳酸菌饮料中菌落总数的检测方法。
其中所述的活性乳酸菌饮料菌落总数是指活性乳酸菌饮料中除乳酸菌之外的其它菌落的总数。因此,该菌落总数不包括乳酸菌在内。
本发明所述的活性乳酸菌饮料中菌落总数的检测方法,其使用滤膜过滤活性乳酸菌饮料的稀释液,然后用生理盐水冲洗滤膜,将冲洗后的滤膜滤面朝上贴于TTC营养琼脂平板上,37℃下倒置培养48±2h后计数。
在一个优选的实施例中,滤膜的孔径为0.45μm。
在另一个优选的实施例中,TTC营养琼脂中TTC的含量为2.5mg/100mL。
采用本发明所述的方法,可准确、简便及快速的对活性乳酸菌饮料中的污染细菌菌落总数进行检测,从而为检查活性乳酸菌饮料的卫生质量提供有效方法。
【具体实施方式】
实施例1:TTC营养琼脂配制
称取33g营养琼脂,加入蒸馏水或去离子水1升,分装三角瓶,搅拌加热煮沸溶解,121℃高压灭菌15min。灭菌后,待培养基冷却至45℃左右时,加入无菌TTC,使TTC浓度达到2.5mg/100ml,混匀,倒平板。
实施例2:人工污染样品菌落总数检测
取大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌新鲜培养物,以无菌生理盐水稀释至0.5麦氏比浊管浓度,然后10倍系列稀释,将三种菌的适宜稀释度菌液分别加入无菌的样品A、B、C、D中,使样品中各污染菌浓度达到1000cfu/ml左右。取1ml加菌后样品至9ml无菌生理盐水中混匀,制成10倍稀释液,取1ml稀释液至适量(25ml)无菌生理盐水中混匀,通过0.45μm滤膜过滤,再用25ml生理盐水冲洗滤膜,冲洗后滤膜滤面朝上贴于实施例1所述的TTC营养琼脂平板。37℃、48±2h倒置培养。其计数情况如下:
Figure G2009102142932D00031
由上表可知,本发明方法在高浓度本底乳酸菌存在情况下,可以正确计数菌落总数。
实施例3:本发明与ISO 13559:2002(E)《黄油、发酵奶制品和鲜奶酪.污染微生物的计数.在30℃时的菌落计数法》的比较
市场购买30种酸奶样品,分别采取本发明和ISO 13559:2002(E)《黄油、发酵奶制品和鲜奶酪.污染微生物的计数.在30℃时的菌落计数法》方法,对菌落总数进行检验。
本发明检出2份样品菌落总数阳性,ISO方法检出1份。本发明,10倍稀释浓度,28份样品在滤膜上没有菌落生长,样品1生长3个菌落,经鉴定,均不是乳酸菌,可以计入菌落总数,样品1的菌落总数为30cfu/ml。ISO方法没有检出。样品2,10倍稀释浓度,菌落数多不可计,稀释至1000倍时80个菌落,鉴定结果均非乳酸菌,样品2菌落总数8.0×104cfu/ml,与ISO方法相当。具体见表4
本发明、ISO方法检验结果相当;样品中菌数较少时,本发明准确度要高于ISO方法。本发明在样品中菌落总数>10cfu/ml时,就可以正确计数,检测下限达到10cfu/ml。本发明检测时间为48h,ISO方法为72h。
Figure G2009102142932D00041

Claims (3)

1.活性乳酸菌饮料中菌落总数的检测方法,其特征在于使用滤膜过滤活性乳酸菌饮料的稀释液,然后用生理盐水冲洗滤膜,将冲洗后的滤膜滤面朝上贴于TTC营养琼脂平板上,37℃下倒置培养48±2h后计数。
2.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于滤膜的孔径为0.45μm。
3.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于所述的TTC营养琼脂中TTC的含量为2.5mg/100mL。
CN2009102142932A 2009-12-28 2009-12-28 活性乳酸菌饮料中菌落总数的检测方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101717813B (zh)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102151488A (zh) * 2011-03-04 2011-08-17 杭州泰林生物技术设备有限公司 具有灭菌指示功能的格栅滤膜
CN104293879A (zh) * 2014-10-18 2015-01-21 中山鼎晟生物科技有限公司 一种发酵乳制品中菌落总数的检测方法
CN104614274A (zh) * 2013-11-05 2015-05-13 中蓝连海设计研究院 一种高盐生化系统中mlss的测定方法
CN105177108A (zh) * 2015-10-15 2015-12-23 厦门欧凯科技有限公司 一种可高压灭菌的菌落显色培养基、制备方法及用途
CN105483205A (zh) * 2015-12-28 2016-04-13 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司 确定乳酸菌活力的方法
CN108611394A (zh) * 2018-04-17 2018-10-02 德清县食品药品检验所 Tcc在菌落总数测定中防止菌落弥漫生长的用途

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102151488A (zh) * 2011-03-04 2011-08-17 杭州泰林生物技术设备有限公司 具有灭菌指示功能的格栅滤膜
CN104614274A (zh) * 2013-11-05 2015-05-13 中蓝连海设计研究院 一种高盐生化系统中mlss的测定方法
CN104293879A (zh) * 2014-10-18 2015-01-21 中山鼎晟生物科技有限公司 一种发酵乳制品中菌落总数的检测方法
CN105177108A (zh) * 2015-10-15 2015-12-23 厦门欧凯科技有限公司 一种可高压灭菌的菌落显色培养基、制备方法及用途
CN105483205A (zh) * 2015-12-28 2016-04-13 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司 确定乳酸菌活力的方法
CN108611394A (zh) * 2018-04-17 2018-10-02 德清县食品药品检验所 Tcc在菌落总数测定中防止菌落弥漫生长的用途

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