CN101715753A - Ternary metempsychosis hybridization method for reserving improved variety yellow bull - Google Patents
Ternary metempsychosis hybridization method for reserving improved variety yellow bull Download PDFInfo
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- CN101715753A CN101715753A CN201010030116A CN201010030116A CN101715753A CN 101715753 A CN101715753 A CN 101715753A CN 201010030116 A CN201010030116 A CN 201010030116A CN 201010030116 A CN201010030116 A CN 201010030116A CN 101715753 A CN101715753 A CN 101715753A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ternary metempsychosis hybridization method for reserving improved variety yellow bull, belonging to the field of stock raising breeding. In the method, a local variety cow is selected as a female parent to hybridize with a foreign variety bull; in the hybrid progeny, a cow with excellent characteristics enters the next round of hybridization until a ternary hybridization cow F3 is obtained; the back-crossing is carried out on the F3 and the improved variety yellow cattle such as a Nanyang yellow bull or jiaxian red bull to obtain an offspring which reserves more than half gene of the yellow bull. The offspring can be used as breeding and can be fattened to be used as a commercial bull.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ox cross method, especially a kind of rotational crossing method that keeps breeding ox gene belongs to herding breeding field.
Background technology
Because the germplasm horizontal constraints, continue the single-cross ox and can not significantly improve Carnis Bovis seu Bubali with the quality and the level of production of improving the breed, the hybrid cow has only and continues to do cow usefulness, constantly with other adventives hybridization; The Gao Dainiu of grading up, often incompatibility low-quality roughage and extensive husbandry management condition, productivity is degenerated; Make a general survey of that the summer Lip rivers of being raised in most areas are come, sharp wooden Zan Gaodai catalo all shows before and after the calf wean downgrowth and fatten situation such as marketing time elongation.In beef cattle production big countries such as the U.S., Canada and Australia, customizations is cultivated kind through after the hybridization several times, just disposes bull and cow in the mode of terminal hybridization.But this hybridization system is not suitable for China, because China did not still have special beef breed in the past.Simultaneously, the beef cattle that this hybridization system is produced, aspects such as the local flavor of beef are difficult to compare favourably with the beef cattle of this hybridization system.If carry out two-way cross and three way cross, need constantly provide purebred female ox.Continue to utilize the filial generation cow, select new kind to hybridize with regard to needing, and grading up increases with algebraically, heterosis, hybrid vigor reduces gradually, and adaptability and crude feed tolerance obviously descend, and the local ox excellent genes is lost gradually.Binary rotational crossing and three-way rotational crossing, along with rotational crossing algebraically increases, heterosis, hybrid vigor decreases, and local ox blood lineage ratio is fewer and feweri.Terminal hybridization (ternary) and the grading up of beef cattle, if can not make full use of local ox kind, the forfeiture that might cause local improved seeds gene of going down for a long time is difficult to form optimum beef cattle production system.
For the restriction problem that overcomes ubiquity scale production of hybrid seeds difficulty in the beef cattle production, utilizes heterosis, hybrid vigor to descend continuously; explore a kind of new beef cattle crossbreeding pattern; thereby realize that beef cattle crossbreeding and commodity beef cattle production organically combine, the sustainable technologies approach that keeps the local ox excellent genes simultaneously is significant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention inquires into ox three-way rotational crossing method; purpose is to overcome heterosis, hybrid vigor decline and the fine breed gene losing issue that traditional crossing pattern causes; by this hybridization system; both utilized dam hybrid vigour; make each hybrid generation all keep certain hybrid vigour again, thereby obtain high and stable productivity avoids breeding ox gene-ratio to reduce simultaneously; form eucyclic breeding of method, provide a kind of reference means for preserving China's breeding ox gene.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: three-way rotational crossing is the hybridization system that three male parent kinds participate in hybridization successively in turn, and the good person of hybrid generation cow proterties all can enter the basis female cows, enters next rotational crossing.The filial generation cow that any rotational crossing offspring's bull and proterties are good inadequately all can be fattened sale.Keep the gene of local breeding ox by backcrossing, improve the productivitys such as quality of meat.Concrete grammar is as follows: select for use landrace Niu Zuowei female parent to hybridize with the adventive bull, the cow that hybrid generation's proterties is good enters next round hybridization, up to obtaining ternary hybrid cow F3, backcrosses with the breeding ox again.Adventive is selected Simmental, summer Luo Lainiu, limousin cow; The breeding ox of backcrossing is selected nan yang yellow cattle or the red ox in Jiaxian County.
The invention has the advantages that: the ox kind of or Critical Condition little for colony's quantity, adopt this method crossbreeding, easy, instant effect can effectively be captured hybrid vigour and descend, the difficulty that local fine breed gene runs off.And the ox that obtains can crude feed tolerance, and adaptability, premunition are strong, is more suitable for the actual raise competence in rural area.Beef cattle physically well develops, and it is good that growth later stage fast gaining ox is butchered performance, and meat is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 beef cattle three-way rotational crossing schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Five counties carry out this project in the Nanyang Prefecture, Henan.The cow of selecting is registered by head; superfine Nanyang stock bull of unified allocation of resources and the red ox in Jiaxian County are frozen essence; cow is backcrossed more than 600 with different bulls by projects county; unified organizational system ox number; carry out the breeding record; calf to breeding carries out tracking measurement, carries out the various combination catalo at last and fattens slaughter experiment.
Carry out different rotational crossing composite tests simultaneously at same type area.District A carries out Nan Lixiaben (Nan Xialiben), Nan Xia Nishimoto (Nan Xixiaben) rotational crossing composite test in the Plain farming; Carry out the repetition of same hybrid combination test at hills farming district B as the big interval of ecotype.Carry out Jia Xiali Jia (the sharp summer Jia of Jia) rotational crossing composite test at Plain farming district C, district D carries out repeated test in the hills farming.Simultaneously, each rotational crossing composite test also contrasts as reference with the three way cross combination with the test block.
1988～1997 years is first period, by introducing external good species bull (Xia Luo comes, sharp wood is praised, Xi Mentaer etc.), adopts artificial insemination method and this bamboo top to hybridize, and carries out the hybrid combination test, the two-way cross pattern that screening suits.
1997～2005 years is second period, comprises two stages this period.1997～calendar year 2001 is the phase I, mainly carries out the three way cross and the rotational crossing test of each combination.2001～2005 years is second stage, mainly keeps the three-way rotational crossing research of breeding ox gene.The three-way rotational crossing combination of second stage is total to cold 2 866 cows of joining, and is born into 2 599 of live calves.
Validity check
1. the hybridization beef cattle physically well develops, growth later stage fast gaining
Keep in the three-way rotational crossing technical system of breeding ox gene, Nanyang ox (the red ox in Jiaxian County) participates in rotational crossing.Backcross progeny ox and the summer Nishimoto ox (control group) of three way cross cow (Xia Xiben, Li Xianan, Xiali Jia) and the red ox in ox/Jiaxian County, Nanyang, the body weight determination data of all ages and classes section see Table 1.
The weight ratio of table 1 three-way rotational crossing ox various combination
Keep the three-way rotational crossing offspring ox of breeding ox gene, it is tall and big to show physique, and physique is solid, and standing posture is rectified, and bone is solid.Compare with the two-way cross ox, body weight increases to some extent, and rear quarters physically well develops, the later stage fast gaining.Compare with the three way cross beef cattle that birth weight is less, grow slowlyer early stage, but that the later stage grows is fast, and during to 18 monthly ages, the bull body weight is near the three way cross ox, and the cow body weight has surpassed the three way cross ox.Especially three-way rotational crossing offspring ox, crude feed tolerance, adaptability, premunition are strong, are more suitable for the actual raise competence in rural area.
2. the filial generation ox is suitable for fattening
Buy the rotational crossing Niu Gongniu of three combinations of 14～22 monthly ages, body weight 236～478kg, the medium growth of livestock, carry out in local certain beef cattle field 105 days by a definite date fatten test (table 2).
The higher combination of the price of deed is Nan Xia Nishimoto daily gain 0.79kg, and feedstuff-meat ratio is 5.28: 1; Next is Nan Xialiben daily gain 0.71kg, feedstuff-meat ratio 5.38: 1; Jia Xiali Jia daily gain 0.72kg, feedstuff-meat ratio is 6.32: 1.
Be unfavorable for that what generally acknowledge the three-way rotational crossing ox still shows fast gaining, illustrates that the ox of the type is suitable for as beef ox fattening under the hot condition in the summer of fattening.Than every 57.71kg that on average puts on weight before fattening, calculate by 8.0 yuan/kg of live-weight price, every on average increases income 461.68 yuan.
Table 2 three-way rotational crossing offspring ox growing and fattening table kg
The filial generation ox to butcher performance good, meat is good
12 finished cattles are wherein butchered result of the test: dressing percentage 55.3%, pure meat percentage 45.4%, trunk meat productivity 84.1%, eye muscle area 90cm
2, cold cuts rate 57.0%, muscle shear force value 2.48, meat bone were than 4.74: 1, and choice meat stripping and slicing rate 36.8%, top grade beef rate are 7.1%.Fresh ﹠ Tender in Texture, color and luster is scarlet, and fat deposition is obvious between flesh, is marble-like.Dressing percentage, the higher combination of pure meat percentage are Jia Xiali Jias, and Nan Xia Nishimoto and Nan Xialiben are approaching; What high-quality stripping and slicing rate was higher is Nan Xia Nishimoto (37.7%), secondly is Nan Xialiben (37.1%), Jia Xiali Jia (35.4%).
4. determine suitable rotational crossing pattern
Set up thus according to body chi index and carried out live-weight estimation, dissimilar ox division methods and appearance methods of marking.At different catalo types,, determine suitable rotational crossing pattern by growing and the comparison of index such as meat performance.
In Plain farming district, (or the summer Lip river is come) is first male parent with limousin cow, and hybridization can not surpass for two generations, has emphasis ground to carry out the improvement of this three way cross of Xiali simultaneously; Make breeding Nanyang ox participate in rotational crossing on this basis.
In hills farming district, (or the summer Lip river is come) is first male parent with Simmental, has emphasis ground to carry out the Xia Xiben three way cross; Make breeding Nanyang ox participate in rotational crossing on this basis.Mixing the farming district in Plain and hills, is first male parent with limousin cow, has emphasis ground to carry out the improvement of Xiali Jia three way cross simultaneously; Make the red ox in breeding Jiaxian County participate in rotational crossing on this basis.
Keep the three-way rotational crossing research of breeding ox gene; explore the concrete grammar that three kinds (Xia Xiben/Xiali basis/Xiali Jia/profit summer Jia) hybridization cow and the red ox of nan yang yellow cattle or Jiaxian County are backcrossed; make each filial generation keep tangible hybrid vigour, filtered out summer southwest, optimum combination south simultaneously.Captured the technical barrier that hybrid vigour descends gradually in the beef cattle crossbreeding, local good breed of cattle gene-ratio reduces.
Claims (2)
1. a three-way rotational crossing method that keeps breeding ox gene is characterized in that, selects for use landrace Niu Zuowei female parent to hybridize with the adventive bull, and the cow that hybrid generation's proterties is good enters next round hybridization, up to obtaining ternary hybrid cow F
3, backcross with the breeding ox again.
2. a kind of three-way rotational crossing method that keeps breeding ox gene as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, adventive is selected Simmental, summer Luo Lainiu, limousin cow; The breeding ox of backcrossing is selected nan yang yellow cattle or the red ox in Jiaxian County.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255654A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆东奇畜禽养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for fine-breed beef cattle |
| CN106070006A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 内蒙古自治区通辽市科左后旗农牧业局 | A kind of crossbreeding and improvement method of Chinese Simmental |
| CN108244050A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-07-06 | 湖北鸿洋天然养殖有限公司 | Snowflake pig and method for breeding are cultivated in one elite stand |
| CN108244041A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-06 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of breeding method for hybridizing summer Nishimoto beef cattle |
| CN108308107A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-24 | 何成辉 | A kind of cowboying method that can improve meat |
| CN109042502A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-21 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | The breeding method of beef cattle new lines |
-
2010
- 2010-01-07 CN CN201010030116A patent/CN101715753A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| 张花菊: "平顶山市肉牛三元轮回杂交生产模式研究与应用", 《中国牛业科学》 * |
| 李雁龙等: "开展肉牛三元杂交试验的可行性分析", 《当代畜牧》 * |
| 茹宝瑞: "以"轮回杂交"促肉牛业发展", 《农家参谋》 * |
| 谭旭信等: "河南省优质肉牛优势利用与推广效果", 《第二届中国牛业发展大会论文集》 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255654A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆东奇畜禽养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for fine-breed beef cattle |
| CN106070006A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 内蒙古自治区通辽市科左后旗农牧业局 | A kind of crossbreeding and improvement method of Chinese Simmental |
| CN108308107A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-24 | 何成辉 | A kind of cowboying method that can improve meat |
| CN108244041A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-06 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of breeding method for hybridizing summer Nishimoto beef cattle |
| CN108244041B (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2020-07-31 | 四川农业大学 | Cultivation method of hybrid summer western beef cattle |
| CN108244050A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-07-06 | 湖北鸿洋天然养殖有限公司 | Snowflake pig and method for breeding are cultivated in one elite stand |
| CN108244050B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2020-11-13 | 房县忠意设备有限公司 | Snowflake pig breeding in forest and breeding method |
| CN109042502A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-21 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | The breeding method of beef cattle new lines |
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Application publication date: 20100602 |