CN101705866A - Four-stroke internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a four-stroke internal-combustion engine. The working force arm of the four-stroke internal-combustion engine is kept in the maximum condition, and the motion distance of the piston of the four-stroke internal-combustion engine is long, so that thermal energy produced during the combustion of fuel such as gasoline, diesel and the like can be sufficiently released so as to be transformed into mechanical energy to enhance the working efficiency. A linear two row cylinder is formed by the butt joint of endpoints of two half linear two row cylinders. A ladder-shaped piston is formed by connecting hollow steel cylinders with bottoms on the two ends via steel bars and steel columns. The upper end and the lower end of the connecting rod are respectively connected with the U-shaped shaft diameter of a swing gear shaft and the U-shaped shaft diameter of a main rotation shaft, and the crank arm on the swing gear shaft is longer than the crank arm on the main rotation shaft. An air storage tank is used for storing gas. Single gears and swing gears are all fixed on a swing gear shaft, the single gear with large diameter is directly meshed with the main rotation gear with large diameter, and the single gear with small diameter is directly meshed with the main rotation gear by a driven gear.

Description

Quartastroke engine

Affiliated technical field

The utility model relate to a kind of can be fuel such as gasoline, diesel oil, the heat energy that is produced after lighting (promptly can) changes into the device of mechanical energy expeditiously.The arm of force that promptly does work is always maximum rating, and the motion distance of piston in cylinder is long, the heat energy that is produced in the time of making fuel combustions such as gasoline, diesel oil is fully discharged and is changed into mechanical energy, thereby improves the four-stroke gasoline or the diesel engine of its working efficiency.

Technical background

Present internal-combustion engine all is that high temperature, the pressurized gas that adopt inflammable matters such as gasoline, diesel oil to be produced when cylinder combustion is burnt promote piston motion, and piston makes bent axle obtain moment of rotation by the mode of connecting rod drive crankshaft rotating again.The problem that this mode exists is: first, when becoming an angle of 90 degrees between the central axis of the crankweb that internal-combustion engine only is provided with on connecting rod central axis and bent axle in the expansion stroke process, connecting rod is maximum to the rotation arm of force that bent axle produced, and this arm of force is all little when other angle, when this angle is that 0 degree or 180 is when spending, this arm of force is zero, that is to say: the arm of force can not remain maximum rating, this can influence high temperature, pressurized gas rotate the good effect that is produced to bent axle, so directly affect the working efficiency of internal-combustion engine.Second, because connecting rod is in all the time to swing main compound movement state, being piston can not remain on same the straight line the thrust direction of piston and the moving direction of piston the thrust direction and the connecting rod of connecting rod, leak gas so make cylinder liner and piston generation eccentric wear phenomenon easily, shortened the working life of piston and cylinder sleeve.The 3rd, piston motion distance in cylinder is shorter, in expansion stroke when piston when top dead center arrives bottom dead center position, cylinder interior still exists higher temperature and more atmospheric gas, this part energy does not change into mechanical energy, but in piston rises (being exhaust stroke) process, be excluded, finally cause energy conversion efficiency low, cause the waste of the energy.

Summary of the invention

Present quartastroke engine (four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine or four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine, below identical) the three broad aspect problems that exist in the background technique to be spoken of, in order to solve above-mentioned three broad aspect problems, thereby improve the working efficiency of internal-combustion engine significantly, the utility model provides a kind of internal-combustion engine, this internal combustion function prolongs the motion distance (can rise to the several times of existing internal-combustion engine) of piston in cylinder greatly relatively, the high temperature that cylinder interior is produced, the energy that pressurized gas had is fully discharged and is changed into mechanical energy, and the working efficiency of internal-combustion engine is improved.Owing to be always the tangent state between the moving direction of this quartastroke engine piston and the wobble gear, and wobble gear remains always for the force direction of wobble gear and the moving direction of piston for the force direction of piston or piston, therefore can guarantee not only that the piston arm of force that piston promotion main rotary shaft makes it to rotate in the acting process is always maximum rating, thereby improved the working efficiency of internal-combustion engine, reach purpose of energy saving, and cylinder liner and piston also can not take place because eccentric wear and gas leak phenomenon has prolonged the working life of piston and cylinder liner relatively.

The technological scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: the utility model quartastroke engine (four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine and four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine) is by cylinder liner, cylinder body, cylinder head, aerial ladder shape piston, wobble gear, the individual event gear, driven gear, main rotary shaft, expansion box, the ignition system of four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine, the injection system of four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine, cooling system, lubrication system, suction system, vent systems, wobble gear maximum rotation angle control system (comprising: connecting rod, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the wobble gear and the main rotary shaft) etc. parts constitute.

One, cylinder liner.The cylinder that the utility model provides is the straight line two row cylinder, and adopts the method for horizontal positioned, belongs to the cylinder for sleeping in that it has often been said that is:.It is to be formed by the end points butt joint that two 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders overlap, and each 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover is to be combined by two monotubular cylinder liner.At first select the cylinder liner of four steel cylinders of the no end for use as the monotubular cylinder, from side of each monotubular cylinder liner, cut a slotted eye that parallels with two bottom center's lines of cylinder liner (being cylinder-bore axis) respectively, the width of slotted eye is slightly larger than the thickness of steel bar in the aerial ladder shape piston, and the length of slotted eye equals the total length of monotubular cylinder liner.Selecting two flank radius and its cross section identical with cylinder liner outer diameter curvature radius for use is trapezoidal steel plate, the slotted eye end points of the end face of every block plate one end and cylinder liner and contacted that end of cylinder head maintains an equal level, every block plate is all parallel with the central axis of slotted eye, and the slotted eye that is separately fixed at two monotubular cylinder liner both sides up and down, wherein be fixed on the distance between the axis of upper end and the short steel column of aerial ladder shape piston centre of the wedge shape bloom of lower surface in the middle of the distance of slotted eye central axis is slightly larger than aerial ladder shape piston of steel plate of slotted eye upside, the length of this steel plate equals the length of slotted eye; Be fixed on the distance between the axis of lower end and the short steel column of aerial ladder shape piston centre of the wedge shape bloom of upper surface in the middle of the distance of slotted eye central axis is slightly larger than aerial ladder shape piston of steel plate of slotted eye downside, the cylinder slotted eye length that the length of this block plate is slightly less than monotubular gas deduct wobble gear therewith the scant length that cuts mutually of the elongation line of steel plate 1/2nd.Like this, two block plates just link together two monotubular cylinder liner, formed one 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder cover, and two just form a rail slot between the block plate, this rail slot provides sliding rail for the wedge shape steel column in the aerial ladder shape piston and end points steel column, and it has also played the effect of a little cylinder, also forms a groove at the contact place simultaneously after two identical 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover butt joints, provides the space for wobble gear is installed.The used material of the used material of steel plate and cylinder liner is identical.To just form a complete straight line two row cylinder after two identical 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover butt joints.The overall shape of seal ring is as the framework of glasses, and this is to establish according to the shape in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover cross section.Seal ring is installed in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders to put on the external diameter near near cylinder liner of that side point of wobble gear and steel plate.If have the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinders, then the central axis of each straight line two row cylinder should be parallel to each other, and is on the same plane.The utility model related about two 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders, when one of them is in suction stroke during the stage, another 1/2nd straight lines two row cylinder then should be in the exhaust stroke stage.

Two, aerial ladder shape piston: select two hollow steel cylinders that specification is identical for use, and the two ends of these two hollow steel cylinders all have the end respectively, the purpose of selecting hollow steel cylinder for use is in order to alleviate its quality, thereby reduce its inertia. fix a steel bar that parallels with the central axis of hollow steel cylinder respectively in a side of each hollow steel cylinder, the thickness of this steel bar is slightly less than the slotted eye width that is provided with in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover, the width of this steel bar equals the thickness of cylinder jacket wall, the length of this steel bar equals the total length of aerial ladder shape piston. three to five circular grooves are set respectively near the two ends of each hollow steel cylinder, piston ring (compression ring and oil ring) is placed this groove respectively. select some steel columns for use, steel column as aerial ladder shape piston, the steel column of aerial ladder shape piston is made up of the steel column of two kinds of shapes, first kind of two steel column that are mounted in aerial ladder shape piston high order end and low order end, these two steel columns are referred to herein as the end points steel column of aerial ladder shape piston, the radius of curvature of this bottom surface, two steel column two ends is identical with the radius of curvature of monotubular cylinder liner outer wall, and except the bottom surface, two ends is curved surface, remaining four face all is the plane, the cross section of these two steel columns is a rectangle, it highly is slightly less than the distance between adjacent two faces of two block plates in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders covers, length between these two steel column central positions (being the minimum range between two curved bottom surfaces of steel column) is slightly less than in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders covers beeline between two monotubular cylinder liner outer walls. the two ends of one of them steel column is separately fixed on the left side end points of two steel bars that hollow steel cylinder connected, the two ends of another steel column are separately fixed on the right side end points of two steel bars that hollow steel cylinder connected, and the end face (being the end points bottom surface of hollow steel cylinder) of outmost that side of each steel column and steel bar is on the same plane. the another kind of aerial ladder shape piston steel column is mounted in those steel columns between two end points steel columns, being referred to as the wedge shape steel column at these these steel columns. every wedge shape steel column is made up of three parts: the intermediate portion is that cross section is the bloom of wedge shape, two ends then are that cross section is a square, the short steel column of circle or rectangle, (this thickness is meant the thickness of its short steel column: be the length of side if cross section is foursquare; If circle then is diameter; If rectangle be that then minor face is long) equal steel bar thickness. its cross section is that the long axis length (i.e. height) of the bloom of wedge shape is slightly larger than or equals the teeth height of wobble gear, and is slightly less than the distance between adjacent two faces of two block plates of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders in overlapping; Its cross section is the thickness that the length of the bloom of wedge shape was slightly larger than or equaled the wobble gear teeth. an end of two short steel columns is separately fixed on the end face at bloom two ends that cross section is a wedge shape, make the three form one, form a complete wedge shape steel column. after some wedge shape steel columns are equidistantly distributed, the other end that to lack steel column respectively is fixed on two steel bars that hollow steel cylinder connected, and make distance between two adjacent arc shaped surfaces of two adjacent wedge shape blooms be slightly larger than the teeth width of wobble gear, here said teeth width is meant the distance between two occlusal surfaces of same teeth. the distance between the wedge shape steel column at aerial ladder shape piston two ends should be greater than the total length of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover, in the time of could guaranteeing that like this aerial ladder shape piston from one end to the other side moves in the straight line two row cylinder, its wedge shape steel column all the time with the teeth interlock mutually of wobble gear. and can guarantee that the end points steel column can not contact with the teeth of wobble gear all the time. such two steel cylinders have just been formed one under the connection of aerial ladder shape piston steel column and steel bar, aerial ladder shape piston has just been carried out. because the global shape of piston is as aerial ladder, so the piston of this kind shape is referred to herein as aerial ladder shape piston. it is that the purpose of wedge shape bloom is that aerial ladder shape piston steel column intermediate portion is designed to cross section: can make the teeth interlock of this steel column and wobble gear good, to reduce the friction between the two, help carry-over moment; And the two ends of wedge shape steel column are designed to the purpose of short steel column and are: can make cross section is that the bloom of wedge shape is fixed on the steel bar convenient, and can make cross section is to form a little gap between the bloom of wedge shape and the cylinder liner, to prevent that cross section from being to produce friction between the bloom of wedge shape and the cylinder liner, thereby the surface friction drag that is produced when reducing aerial ladder shape piston back-and-forth movement. the purpose that two end points steel columns are set is: though do not contact with the teeth of wobble gear in aerial ladder shape piston back-and-forth movement process, be that the transmission of torque relation does not take place between end points steel column and the wobble gear, but aerial ladder shape piston is in the straight line two row cylinder in the back and forth movement process, the end points steel column at aerial ladder shape piston two ends will play the effect of a small piston, for example: when 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder expansion strokes have just begun, because this distance of the side in the end points steel column outside and cylinder head internal surface also equals the height of firing chamber, and the side in the end points steel column outside, the cylinder head internal surface, the outer wall of the monotubular cylinder liner that adjacent two faces of two block plates of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover and two block plates are folded, formed cavity is mutual UNICOM by the slotted eye that is provided with on the monotubular cylinder liner between the end points bottom surface of their formed cavitys and hollow steel cylinder and the cylinder head, so the high temperature and high pressure gas that is produced in the firing chamber acts on the side in the outside of end points steel column too, the main cause of the shape and size that Here it is is set forth above why the end points steel column will being designed to. it is emphasized that at this: the lateralarea of end points steel column is very little, it is not the main body of aerial ladder shape piston. when the piston motion of aerial ladder shape, the end points steel column will move together along with aerial ladder shape piston, and put at 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders on the outer wall surface of folded that section monotubular cylinder liner of adjacent two faces of two block plates that are provided with and two block plates and slide, this moment, 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders put the stingy cylinder that the areola of being formed between the outer wall of folded that section monotubular cylinder liner of adjacent two faces of two block plates that are provided with and two block plates and the cylinder head just is equivalent to the end points steel column.

Three, wobble gear: the thickness of wobble gear teeth is equal to or less than the length of wedge shape bloom in the aerial ladder shape piston steel column, the height of teeth is not more than the long axis length of wedge shape bloom in the aerial ladder shape piston, distance between adjacent two teeth equals in the aerial ladder shape piston distance between two adjacent wedge shape blooms, the girth of wobble gear should be greater than the distance between the wedge shape steel column at two ends in the aerial ladder shape piston, can guarantee that so just aerial ladder shape piston is when an end points moves to another end points, the angle that wobble gear turns over is less than 360 degree or negative 360 degree. and wobble gear is fixed on the wobble gear axle, should be provided with " U " font diameter of axle of a bending on the wobble gear axle, it is made up of small end connecting rod journal diameter that is connected and the crankweb that is fixed on the wobble gear axle, the upper end of connecting rod is connected by " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on small end neck bush and the wobble gear axle, the lower end of connecting rod then is connected by " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on connecting rod lower end neck bush and the main rotary shaft. " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the wobble gear axle, cooperatively interacting of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on connecting rod and the main rotary shaft can be controlled the maximum angle that wobble gear rotates effectively, also carry-over moment mutually simultaneously. the wobble gear axle then is connected with the cylinder body of internal-combustion engine by bearing or bearing shell, and the wobble gear axle is on the central vertical line of straight line two row cylinder, the part teeth of wobble gear place between the wedge shape steel column of aerial ladder shape piston, aerial ladder shape piston is in the straight line two row cylinder during back and forth movement like this, wedge shape steel column in the aerial ladder shape piston just can promote wobble gear and come and go less than the rotation between 360 degree or negative 360 degree. and the quantity of wobble gear equates with the quantity of straight line two row cylinder. if the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinder combination, so all wobble gears all are installed on the same wobble gear axle, and the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the wobble gear axle can be less than the wobble gear total quantity, but minimumly can not be less than one, and the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the quantity of connecting rod and the wobble gear axle equates.

Four, individual event gear: the structure of individual event gear, principle are identical with the structural principle of bicycle freewheel (promptly being the little chain wheel that it has often been said), no longer set forth at this, the characteristics of individual event gear are: can only on a certain sense of rotation transmission of torque take place between the intermediate portion of gear and the peripheral teeth, and on another sense of rotation, can only slide relative between intermediate portion and the peripheral teeth, lie in the slightly next transmission of torque that do not take place of situation of frictional force.Specifically: if the intermediate portion clockwise direction energy of rotation of individual event gear passes torque to peripheral teeth, if the intermediate portion of this individual event gear rotation counterclockwise then can't carry-over moment so, be between the intermediate portion of individual event gear and the peripheral teeth sliding phenomenon to take place, but it should be noted that: if this individual event gear is that peripheral teeth are to the intermediate portion carry-over moment, the peripheral teeth clockwise direction rotation of this individual event gear then can not be to the intermediate portion carry-over moment so, and peripheral teeth are counterclockwise rotated the intermediate portion that can pass torque to this individual event gear, this is that characteristic by the individual event gear is determined, it had both related to the intermediate portion of individual event gear and peripheral teeth, and that is the active transfer person of moment between the two, that is the passive recipient of moment, also relates to the relation principle of relative movement simultaneously.Select two diameter differences for use, the number of teeth does not wait, the individual event gear that the transmission of torque direction is opposite, the intermediate portion of these two individual event gears is fixed on the wobble gear axle, if and the sense of rotation during the main rotary shaft proper functioning of quartastroke engine is designed to clockwise, the intermediate portion of that individual event gear that diameter is bigger must be selected for use and rotate counterclockwise the sort of individual event gear of teeth carry-over moment to the periphery so; The intermediate portion of that individual event gear that diameter is less then must be selected for use and clockwise rotate the sort of individual event gear of teeth carry-over moment to the periphery.If the sense of rotation during the main rotary shaft proper functioning of quartastroke engine is designed to counterclockwise, these two individual event gears then all must be selected the sort of individual event gear opposite separately with above-mentioned transmission of torque direction for use so.If internal-combustion engine is the mode that adopts a plurality of straight line two row cylinder combinations, because wobble gear is mounted on the same wobble gear axle, so all individual event gears also all should be installed on the same wobble gear axle, so the number of individual event gear can be less than two times of straight line two row cylinder sum, but can not be less than two at least.

Five, driven gear: driven gear is installed on the passive tooth wheel shaft, the passive tooth wheel shaft then is connected with cylinder body by the driven gear bearing, driven gear be in that little main rotary shaft gear of the little individual event gear of diameter and diameter this, and little with diameter respectively individual event gear and the little mutual interlock of that main rotary shaft gear of diameter.Because individual event gear and wobble gear all are installed on the wobble gear axle, so the individual event gear also rotates along with the rotation of wobble gear, the main rotary shaft gear then is to rotate towards some directions all the time, therefore, just need one of them individual event gear to change sense of rotation by driven gear, the moment of rotation of two individual event gears could be become the moment of rotation of equidirectional like this and finally pass to the main rotary shaft gear, drive main rotary shaft all the time towards a direction rotation.The quantity of driven gear should equate in the less individual event gear quantity of diameter.

Six, main rotary shaft:it is the final output block of internal-combustion engine moment.Main rotary shaft should be on the central vertical line of straight line two row cylinder, and main rotary shaft and wobble gear axle are parallel to each other.With two diameter differences, the main rotary shaft gear that the number of teeth does not wait is installed on the main rotary shaft, the big mutual interlock of that individual event gear of diameter of wherein being installed on that main rotary shaft direct geared that diameter is big and the wobble gear axle; The little main rotary shaft gear of another diameter then with the mutual interlock of driven gear.Because the each rotation angle of wobble gear is all the time less than 360 degree or less than negative 360 degree, wobble gear axle and each rotation angle of being installed in the individual event gear on the wobble gear axle also will be less than 360 degree or less than negative 360 degree so, that is to say:rotate in the half period at wobble gear, the teeth number that the individual event gear is turned over is less than the total teeth number of individual event gear, so gear ratio of two individual event gears and two main rotary shaft gears, can not directly be made as 0.5:1, and can only be 0.5:1 the ratio of the wobble gear teeth number that the individual event gear is turned in rotating half period and the teeth number of main rotary shaft gear.It is to be noted at this:driven gear can only change the transmission of torque direction, and can not influence the rotating ratio between individual event gear and the main rotary shaft gear.In the time of so just guaranteeing wobble gear rotation one-period (round trip), main rotary shaft could just turn over a week, that is to say:finishing four strokes when internal-combustion engine is that the piston motion of aerial ladder shape is during two cycles, main rotary shaft could just turn over for two weeks, and the purpose that designs such ratio of revolutions is:this kind internal combustion function is matched with the more assembly of internal-combustion engine that is using at present. " U " font diameter of axle of a bending is set on main rotary shaft, and the crankweb that is provided with on connecting rod journal diameter that it is connected by the connecting rod lower end and the main rotary shaft is formed.The lower end of connecting rod is connected by " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on internal memory cover and the main rotary shaft.When main rotary shaft rotates, " U " font diameter of axle set on the main rotary shaft also will rotate, the track of its rotation is a circle, this radius of a circle should be less than the radius of " U " font diameter of axle rotating locus that is provided with on the wobble gear axle, and promptly the length of the crankweb that is provided with on the main rotary shaft should be less than the crankweb length that is provided with on the wobble gear axle.Its objective is:when main rotary shaft revolves three-sixth turn or negative 360 when spending, the relation on the length of the crank arm on the rotation angle of wobble gear is less than negative 360 degree or 360 degree. main rotary shafts and the wobble gear between the crank arm length of axle is: the crank arm length of establishing on the main rotary shaft is r; Crank arm length on the wobble gear axle is R; When wobble gear when one party upwards turns to the maximum angle position; The crank arm axis that the central axis of connecting rod and main shaft are provided with just is on the same straight line; If the formed angle of axis of the line between the axis of the axis of main rotary shaft and wobble gear axle and the crank arm on the wobble gear is α; The length of connecting rod is L; So

$\cos \mathrm{\α}=\frac{R^2+{(L+R-r)}^2-{(L+r)}^2}{2R(L+R-r)}=\frac{R+\mathrm{RL}-2\mathrm{RL}-\mathrm{rR}}{\mathrm{RL}+R^2-\mathrm{Rr}}$

Because the length of connecting rod is known, be that L is known, under the prerequisite of formed angle between the axis of line between the axis of the axis of having determined main rotary shaft and wobble gear axle and the crankweb on the wobble gear (being the α angle), as long as determined one of them length of crankweb on the wobble gear or the crankweb on the main rotary shaft, another length is also just decided so.Main rotary shaft is connected with the cylinder body of internal-combustion engine by bearing shell or bearing.The quantity of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft equates that with connecting rod quantity the quantity of the main shaft gear of being installed on the main rotary shaft equates with the quantity of individual event gear.If the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinder combinations, main rotary shaft is also only established a main rotary shaft, and the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft can be less than the quantity of straight line two row cylinder, but can not be less than one at least.

Seven, cylinder head: each straight line two row cylinder provided by the utility model in fact all is equivalent to four cylinders, and for forming two 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders after the combination in twos, these two/2nd straight line two row cylinder recombinants form a complete straight line two row cylinder, cylinder head also must be two groups so, each one group respectively of left end and right-hand member. be interconnected in order to make outlet pipe or suction tude in left end cylinder head or the right-hand member cylinder head, and separately point-blank, thereby make arrangement of parts neat, attractive in appearance, and it is easy to make, the needs that more can be fit to multicylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine simultaneously, therefore at the four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine, the outlet valve of being installed on left end or the right-hand member cylinder head, suction valve, these three parts triangularities of oil nozzle are arranged, and make outlet valve, suction valve be in respectively cylinder head on, following both sides, oil nozzle then is in the neutral position, and all be provided with separately independently suction valve on the corresponding cylinder head of each monotubular cylinder at two ends, the left and right sides, outlet valve and oil nozzle. at the four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine, outlet valve, suction valve, these three parts of spark plug also triangularity are arranged, and make outlet valve, suction valve be in respectively cylinder head on, following both sides, spark plug then is in the neutral position, and all be provided with separately independently suction valve on the corresponding cylinder head of each monotubular cylinder at two ends, the left and right sides, outlet valve and spark plug. a quartastroke engine left side, the outlet pipe that is provided with on the cylinder head of right two ends can all be interconnected them by a pipeline with main exhaust, at last by the outside exhaust of main exhaust. certainly, a left side, the outlet pipe at right two ends can not be interconnected yet, and directly outwards exhaust, the final twin exhaust pipes independent exhaustion separately of realizing, can make exhaust more smooth and easy like this, at the bigger quartastroke engine of power, be more suitable for adopting the twin exhaust pipes mode of independent exhaustion separately.

Intake valve mouth, exhaust valve mouth and the four-cycle diesel combustion engine cylinder head that is provided with on the utility model quartastroke engine cylinder head is provided with is used to install the cavity of oil nozzle or four-stroke gasoline cylinder of internal-combustion engine and covers set being used to of having that its structure of cavity of spark plug is installed is identical with existing quartastroke engine with shape, no longer sets forth at this.

Eight, expansion box: because the motion distance of its aerial ladder shape piston of internal-combustion engine provided by the utility model in cylinder is longer, so in suction stroke, (diesel engine is an air to be drawn into the interior gas of cylinder, gasoline engine is a mixed steam) more, cause in compression stroke, the value of its compression ratio meeting overshoot, therefore, the unnecessary gas that needs to be drawn in the cylinder is discharged a part earlier, and in cylinder, only keep suitable gas gross, this just needs one can receive the device of discharging unnecessary gas, this device is called expansion box at this. and expansion box is by casing, air intake control valve, the joint steel pipe of giving vent to anger, the expansion box suction tude, steam outlet pipe, nut, parts such as sealing gasket are formed, the internal cavities of casing can be spheroid, spheroid, multiple shape such as cylindrical body or prism. drawnly in this instance graph be spheroid. the volume of casing should be greater than the volume of straight line two row cylinder. on an end outer wall of casing, polish a facet, on the central position on this plane, bore a hole, the diameter in hole is identical with the diameter of the internal cavities of thick that end of air intake control valve steel pipe, the identical nut of external diameter of thick that end of an internal diameter and air intake control valve steel pipe is welded on the facet that cabinet exterior polish, and the central axis in the hole that is provided with on nut central axis and the facet all is on same the axis; The other end at casing is provided with two holes, the internal diameter in these two holes is identical with the internal diameter of the joint steel pipe of giving vent to anger, and an end of two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger is welded on the outer wall of casing, and the internal cavities of two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger is communicated respectively with these two holes, the other end of these two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger is connected with the suction tude that is provided with on the cylinder head of two ends, the left and right sides respectively by steam outlet pipe. and the expansion box air intake control valve is by an air intake control valve steel pipe, an air intake control valve spring, a steel ball, the porose screw in center is formed, external diameter one end of air intake control valve steel pipe is thinner, conveniently be connected with the expansion box suction tude, the diameter of the internal cavities of this end is less; And the other end external diameter of air intake control valve steel pipe is thicker, help and casing between realize sealing, the diameter of the internal cavities of this end air intake control valve steel pipe is bigger, and on the outer wall of this end steel pipe and inwall, being respectively equipped with screw thread. the joint at that less end internal cavities of bigger that end internal cavities of air intake control valve diameter of steel tube and diameter is provided with a spherical cavity. and the diameter of steel ball is greater than the thinner cavity diameter of air intake control valve steel duct, and less than the thicker cavity diameter of air intake control valve steel duct. steel ball and air intake control valve spring are placed air intake control valve steel duct cavity successively, again that the center is porose screw places the threaded end of air intake control valve steel pipe inwall. and the external diameter of sealing gasket is slightly less than the internal diameter of nut, the internal diameter of the sealing gasket then diameter with the butt end cavity of air intake control valve steel pipe is identical, sealing gasket is placed the internal cavities of nut, an end that again the air intake control valve outer wall of steel pipe is provided with screw thread places among the nut. and at gasoline engine, the end that the air intake control valve outer diameter of steel pipes is thinner is connected with Carburetor by the expansion box suction tude; At diesel engine, the end that the air intake control valve outer diameter of steel pipes is thinner links to each other with ambient air by the expansion box suction tude. when 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders are in suction condition, gas pressure intensity in the expansion box can diminish, steel ball in the expansion box air intake control valve can overcome the elastic force effect of air intake control valve spring and the mobile position, this moment, gas flowing path was got through, gas just can enter in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders. under the effect of air intake control valve spring, though the gas pressure intensity (being gas density) that enters in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders can be littler, but because 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders are longer, can reach the several times of existing cylinder of internal-combustion engine, so enter into the gas molecule sum of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders, still considerably beyond the numerical value of stipulating, this just needs this 1/2nd straight lines two row cylinder in the compression stroke incipient stage, the gas that part is unnecessary is sent expansion box again back to, after unnecessary gas foldback returns to enter expansion box, it is big that gas pressure intensity in the expansion box internal cavities can become, steel ball in the expansion box air intake control valve can be under the effect of air intake control valve spring, the internal cavities of expansion box air intake control valve steel pipe is blocked, though unnecessary gas just retains in expansion box. these unnecessary gases that retain provide portion gas when air-breathing for another 1/2nd straight lines two row cylinder. and the gas that foldback is returned can make the air pressure in the expansion box become big, but what can not become is very big, this is because of the volume of the volume in the one side expansion box greater than 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders, on the other hand, portion gas in only 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders that foldback is returned, if so that the air pressure in the expansion box can not become forever is very big. the operating ambient temperature of internal-combustion engine is lower, then can be with expansion box near the higher parts of temperature, as: the outlet pipe of internal-combustion engine, can make the gas in the expansion box be subjected to preheating and increase in temperature like this, the internal-combustion engine ignition that helps cold area. what this particularly pointed out be: if adopt the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinder combinations, because rotate in the process in two weeks at main rotary shaft, several 1/2nd straight lines two row cylinders be will have and compression and suction stroke will be in simultaneously, and in the compression stroke incipient stage, the unnecessary gas gross of part that 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders eject is less than and is in the gas gross that 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders in the suction stroke are sucked, that is to say that the unnecessary gas that ejects can be absorbed by other 1/2nd straight lines two row cylinder in time, therefore in this case, can not establish expansion box or only establish the less expansion box of volume. in addition, what the four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine sucked in suction stroke is air, so it compression stroke incipient stage ejected also is air, therefore also can not establish expansion box at the four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine.

Nine, cooling system: in internal-combustion engine provided by the utility model, because the motion distance of aerial ladder shape piston in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders grown (can increase the several times for conventional piston motion distance), so, in expansion stroke, the energy that high temperature and high pressure gas had in the cylinder can be discharged fully, the temperature of finishing in the rear cylinder in acting can be very not high, therefore, this kind internal-combustion engine plays the liquid of the effect of cooling or the object of other form, needn't directly contact with cylinder liner, but 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers are directly installed in the cavity that cylinder interior was provided with of thinner thickness, make playing cool the effect liquid or the object of other form directly contact with the outer surface of thinner thickness cylinder body.The purpose that 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers is directly installed in the cavity that cylinder interior was provided with of thinner thickness is: cylinder body to length the cylinder liner of 1/2nd long straight line two row cylinders can play certain reinforcement effect, make it to be difficult for deforming.

Ten, other parts: will have timing gear or other parts installed on the bent axle in the internal-combustion engine now, should be installed on the main rotary shaft in this example, timing gear on the camshaft are installed on the camshaft, camshaft is connected with the cylinder body of internal-combustion engine by bearing shell or bearing. and what this emphaticallyed point out be: the arc length of the convex portion of the exhaust cam of being installed on the camshaft should meet the needs of 1/2nd long straight line two row cylinder exhausts of length, must be in exhaust stroke, when the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston moves to limit position, exhaust valve just cuts out. and the arc length of the convex portion of the intake cam of being installed on the camshaft should be more slightly longer than the arc length of the intake cam of existing internal-combustion engine, thereby the air inlet valve position that makes in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder breathing process and can both make on the cylinder head to be provided with during air-breathing the end and at the preliminary stage of compression stroke is in open mode, must be at the compression stroke preliminary stage, when the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston moves to appointed positions, intake valve is just closed when just moving to the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston and the gas gross in the cavity between the cylinder head internal surface and reaching requiring of compression ratio, this is because 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders are longer, the gas flow that is drawn in the suction stroke in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders can be above the requirement of compression ratio, therefore must return cause the expansion box again from the expansion box suction tude at the portion gas in one of the preliminary stage minus thirty of the compression stroke straight line two row cylinder. (compression ratio (ε)=cylinder total volume/firing chamber swept volume=1+ displacement/firing chamber swept volume, generally speaking: diesel engine: ε=14～20 gasoline engines: ε=6～10). as for valve stem, valve rocker, control air inlet such as valve spring and the required parts of exhaust, except size and placement angle, its shape, structure, aspects such as principle are identical with existing internal-combustion engine, not set forth at this. the required parts such as distributor of high pressure oil pump that the four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine is required and four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine are in shape, structure, aspects such as the principle also internal-combustion engine with present are identical, no longer set forth at this.

In this example, play the fuel head of the lubricant oil of lubrication in the internal-combustion engine, reach that to touch wobble gear teeth height bottom just passable.Wobble gear is when rotating, lubricant oil can be offered steel column in the aerial ladder shape piston by teeth, slit by the set slotted eye that has in monotubular cylinder side again, make parts of lubricating oil enter into the inside of straight line two row cylinder, and make hollow steel cylinder surface in the aerial ladder shape piston, steel bar surface and cylinder liner internal table face are all enclosed one deck oil foam, when aerial ladder shape piston in the straight line two row cylinder from an end points during to the motion of another end points, piston ring can scrape unnecessary lubricant oil, and the slit by the set slotted eye that has in monotubular cylinder side, and unnecessary lubricant oil is entered in the formed cavity of two block plates of two monotubular cylinder liner sides, and along with the motion of many aerial ladder shape piston steel columns, and bringing the teeth of wobble gear with unnecessary lubricant oil, so unnecessary lubricant oil can come back to the home position.Do not have other required parts of the quartastroke engine of setting forth identical in this example yet, do not setting forth at this with existing internal-combustion engine.

Working procedure and principle are as follows:

The working procedure of the utility model quartastroke engine (comprising gasoline and diesel oil) is still finished by air-breathing (being air inlet), compression, burning expansion (i.e. acting) and these four strokes of exhaust, and these four processes have constituted a work cycle.In order to say something easily, during below principle is set forth, be to be example, and the sense of rotation of setting main rotary shaft is clockwise with the two minutes one straight line two row cylinders in left side.

One, suction stroke (aspirating stroke)

At first drive the main rotary shaft rotation by Starter, the moment of rotation that obtains on the main rotary shaft can pass to wobble gear by two kinds of approach on the surface, a kind of approach is can be by " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft, connecting rod, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the wobble gear axle and wobble gear the axle moment of rotation on the main rotary shaft the most at last pass to wobble gear, wobble gear is rotated, thereby driving the piston motion of aerial ladder shape. another transmission of torque approach is: two main rotary shaft gears that the moment of rotation that obtains on the main rotary shaft at first passes on the main rotary shaft to be installed, and the mutual interlock of that individual event gear that bigger main rotary shaft gear of these two one of them diameters of main rotary shaft gear is direct and diameter is bigger, so this main rotary shaft gear just is directly passed to moment of rotation that bigger individual event gear of diameter,, if the sense of rotation during main rotary shaft work is designed to the clockwise direction rotation, so, the intermediate portion of that individual event gear that diameter is bigger must be selected for use and counterclockwise rotate the sort of individual event gear of teeth carry-over moment to the periphery, and the moment that clockwise rotates on the main rotary shaft is when on the peripheral teeth that pass to that bigger individual event gear of diameter, the direction of the moment that peripheral teeth are obtained but is counterclockwise, at this moment the peripheral teeth of that individual event gear that diameter is bigger but can not be to intermediate portion carry-over moment (above set forth, no longer set forth at this); That main rotary shaft gear that another diameter of being installed on the main rotary shaft is little then is by that less individual event gear interlock mutually of driven gear and another diameter, so this main rotary shaft gear just passes to the moment that clockwise direction rotates on the peripheral teeth of that less individual event gear of another diameter to moment of rotation by driven gear indirectly, because driven gear can change the transmission of torque direction, the peripheral teeth of less that individual event gear of this diameter have just obtained right handed moment like this, because the carry-over moment direction of that individual event gear that less that individual event gear transmission moment direction of diameter and diameter are bigger is on the contrary, so the peripheral gears of that individual event gear that diameter is less can not be to the intermediate portion carry-over moment, therefore say: main rotary shaft is under right handed situation under the drive of Starter, if can not passing torque to by the individual event gear, the moment that the clockwise direction on the main rotary shaft rotates also finally causes the piston motion of aerial ladder shape on the wobble gear axle. the sense of rotation during the main rotary shaft proper functioning is designed to counterclockwise, the transmission of torque direction of two individual event gears being installed on the wobble gear axle is also opposite so, so can not carry-over moment, its principle is same as described above. and Starter drives the main rotary shaft rotating moment and has only by an approach and just can pass torque to wobble gear in fact, that is exactly by this approach of connecting rod, concrete working procedure is as follows: for the convenience that says something, sense of rotation when this establishes the main rotary shaft proper functioning is for clockwise, if that 1/2nd straight lines two row cylinder of left side begins air-breathing in the straight line two row cylinder, so when clockwise direction has just begun to rotate under the drive of main rotary shaft at Starter, aerial ladder shape piston is on the limit position of high order end, be the left end end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston be in and left end cylinder head internal surface between distance equal on the position of length of firing chamber, this position is called left stop (it is equivalent to the top dead center of existing internal-combustion engine) at this, the wobble gear of this moment then is in anticlockwise maximum rotation angle, the central axis of connecting rod will be to be on the position of same straight line with the crankweb central axis that is provided with on the main rotary shaft also so, connecting rod is tilted to the right, and the center of gravity of connecting rod also is in the extreme higher position, the top aerial ladder shape piston of speaking of, the residing location status of parts such as connecting rod is that a last stroke is the location status (formation of this location status will in exhaust stroke set forth) of exhaust stroke when finishing, when Starter drives the rotation of main rotary shaft clockwise direction. " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft also will rotate, it will move by drivening rod, and the center of gravity of connecting rod is progressively moved down, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the wobble gear axle will rotate by clockwise direction, the wobble gear axle also will rotate by clockwise direction so, wobble gear also will rotate by clockwise direction, the teeth of wobble gear will drive the aerial ladder shape piston position that moves right, the suction valve that this moment, left hand cylinder covered is opened, left side 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders begin air-breathing. when the central axis of the crankweb of " U " word diameter of axle that is provided with on the central axis of connecting rod and the main rotary shaft is on the straight line, the center of gravity of connecting rod just is in extreme lower position, the center of the aerial ladder shape piston of this moment has also just moved to the neutral position of straight line two row cylinder, because wobble gear, the effect of inertia of associated components such as connecting rod, connecting rod can be departed from this equilibrium position rapidly, and small end is tilted left slightly. main rotary shaft continues clockwise direction and rotates, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft can promote connecting rod to be continued left to tilt and the center of gravity of connecting rod is progressively moved up, wobble gear then continues to rotate to clockwise direction so, aerial ladder shape piston also continues the position that moves right, / 2nd straight line two row cylinders in left side continue air-breathing. when the central axis of the crankweb that is provided with on the central axis of connecting rod and the main rotary shaft is on the straight line once more, the center of gravity of connecting rod is in the extreme higher position again, and connecting rod is tilted to the left, the angle of its inclination is determined by the difference between the length of the crankweb that is provided with on the length of the crankweb that is provided with on the wobble gear axle and the main rotary shaft and the length of connecting rod self, the angle of inclination of the big more then connecting rod of difference is also big more, because the crankweb length that is provided with on the wobble gear axle is greater than the crankweb length that is provided with on the main rotary shaft, so the rotation angle of wobble gear will be less than 360 degree. so far, the wobble gear clockwise direction rotates and reaches maximum value, the aerial ladder shape piston of this moment also moves to the limit position of low order end under the teeth on the wobble gear drive, be that distance between the internal surface of the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston right-hand member and right cylinder heads equals the firing chamber length in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders of right side, the suction stroke of left side 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders leaves it at that so.

What this emphaticallyed point out be: when internal-combustion engine selects for use a plurality of straight line two row cylinders to make up, after the internal-combustion engine proper functioning, because wobble gear all is mounted on the same wobble gear axle, and a plurality of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders only rare one 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder in four stroke procedure of a plurality of aerial ladder shape piston back-and-forth movements is to be in the expansion stroke stage, so the moment of rotation of wobble gear just directly directly obtains on the wedge shape steel column from that aerial ladder shape piston that is in the acting state, and needn't obtain from main rotary shaft. in this case, connecting rod, the acting in conjunction of these three parts of " U " font diameter of axle that are provided with on " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft and the wobble gear is rotated wobble gear can only play booster action, but the combination of these three parts can be played absolute qualification effect to the maximum rotation angle of wobble gear, when the upper end of connecting rod tilts to the left or to the right, and the central axis of the crankweb that is provided with on the central axis of connecting rod and the main rotary shaft is on same the straight line, when the center of gravity of connecting rod is in the extreme higher position simultaneously, wobble gear just is on the maximum position that rotates towards a certain direction, so the combination of these three parts can be played absolute qualification effect towards the maximum rotation angle of a certain direction to wobble gear.

Two, compression stroke:

In the incipient stage of compression stroke, location status when relevant moving element is all being accepted a last stroke (being suction stroke) end, that is: Ci Shi wobble gear then is in the maximum angle position that clockwise direction rotates, the central axis of connecting rod also with main rotary shaft on the crankweb central axis that is provided be to be on same straight line, and the center of gravity of this connecting rod also is in the extreme higher position, and connecting rod is tilted to the left. along with the main rotary shaft clockwise direction continues rotation, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft also will rotate thereupon, it can move by drivening rod, and impel the center of gravity of connecting rod to move down, the wobble gear axle will be to counterclockwise rotating, wobble gear also will counterclockwise rotate, the teeth of wobble gear will promote the direction motion left of aerial ladder shape piston, the compression stroke stage begins. because 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders of the utility model quartastroke engine are longer, can reach the several times of existing cylinder of internal-combustion engine length, in suction stroke, be drawn into the gas gross meeting overshoot value in the cylinder so, must discharge a part of gas earlier, again with remaining gas compression, to guarantee the correctness of compression ratio, therefore the arc length of the convex portion of the intake cam of being installed on the camshaft should be more slightly longer than the arc length of existing internal-combustion engine, that is to say: intake valve is not closed by suction valve when suction stroke finishes, must be in the preliminary stage of compression stroke, the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston moves to appointed positions, intake valve is just closed when just moving to the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston and the gas in the cavity between the cylinder head and reaching requiring of compression ratio, the molecular number of gas just is fixed in the cylinder. (compression ratio (ε)=cylinder total volume/firing chamber swept volume=1+ displacement/firing chamber swept volume, generally speaking: diesel engine: ε=14～20 petrol engine: ε=6～10), in this section process, because outlet valve only just is in open mode in the exhaust stroke stage, and be in closed condition all the time in other stroke stage, so the unnecessary gas that cylinder was discharged in the compression stroke incipient stage can only pass through the intake valve mouth, gas-entered passageway turns back in the expansion box. owing to be fixed on the internal cavities of the joint steel pipe of giving vent to anger on the expansion box is unimpeded, so it is easily that unnecessary gas enters expansion box. after unnecessary gas enters expansion box, it is big that pressure in the expansion box internal cavities can become, steel ball in the expansion box air intake control valve can be under the effect of air intake control valve spring, expansion box inlet hole (being the internal cavities of air intake control valve steel pipe) is blocked, unnecessary gas just retains in expansion box. and these unnecessary gases that retain provide portion gas when air-breathing for another 1/2nd straight lines two row cylinder. in fact have only when the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston to move to specified position, be after unnecessary gas in the cylinder is excluded, aerial ladder shape piston is only real compression process to the process of left movement again. and main rotary shaft continues clockwise direction and rotates, the center of gravity of connecting rod continues to move down, when the central axis of the crankweb that is provided with on the central axis of connecting rod and the main rotary shaft is on the straight line, the center of gravity of connecting rod just is in extreme lower position, the center of the aerial ladder shape piston of this moment has also just moved to the neutral position of straight line two row cylinder. because wobble gear, the effect of inertia of associated components such as connecting rod, can make connecting rod depart from this equilibrium position rapidly, and connecting rod is tilted to the right slightly. main rotary shaft continues clockwise direction and rotates, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft can promote connecting rod to be continued to the right to tilt and the center of gravity of connecting rod is progressively moved up, wobble gear then continues to counterclockwise rotating so, aerial ladder shape piston also continues to be moved to the left the position, gas in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders in left side continues to be compressed. when the central axis of the crankweb that is provided with on the central axis of connecting rod and the main rotary shaft is on the straight line once more, the center of gravity of connecting rod is in the extreme higher position again, and connecting rod is tilted to the right, wobble gear also turns to maximum angle to counter clockwise direction, the aerial ladder shape piston arrival limit position that moves left, distance between aerial ladder shape piston end points bottom surface, left side and the left hand cylinder interior surface equals the length of firing chamber at this moment, and so far the compression stroke of left side 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders finishes.

Three, expansion stroke (burning expansion):

When compression stroke will finish, begin igniting (design of ignition angle is identical with existing internal-combustion engine) at the gasoline engine spark plug; Produce at diesel engine oil nozzle ejection mist of oil and the pressurized gas in cylinder under the situation of high temperature combustion around.The high temperature that is produced in the cylinder, pressurized gas will act on the end points bottom surface, aerial ladder shape piston left side, promote aerial ladder shape piston and move right, and the wedge shape steel column in the middle of the aerial ladder shape piston just promotes the wobble gear clockwise direction and rotates.Moment of rotation on the wobble gear can be delivered on the main rotary shaft by two kinds of approach, and a transmission of torque approach then is by this approach of individual event gear.Concrete working procedure is as follows: in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder expansion strokes of left side, aerial ladder shape piston moves right, wedge shape steel column in the aerial ladder shape piston just can promote the wobble gear clockwise direction and rotate, and the intermediate portion of two individual event gears being installed on wobble gear axle and the wobble gear axle also will clockwise rotate.And that bigger individual event gear of diameter could be given the transmission of torque of intermediate portion peripheral teeth when having only Partial Inverse hour hands sense of rotation therebetween, and the intermediate portion of this individual event gear of this moment is the clockwise direction rotation, therefore will produce slide relative between the intermediate portion of that individual event gear that diameter is bigger and the peripheral teeth, transmission of torque will not promptly take place; And the clockwise direction of less that individual event gear intermediate portion of diameter rotates and has just in time satisfied this gear condition of teeth carry-over moment to the periphery, therefore the peripheral teeth of less that individual event gear of diameter just pass to driven gear with the clockwise direction moment of rotation, after driven gear converts moment of rotation to counterclockwise again, that little main rotary shaft gear of diameter that passes torque on the main rotary shaft to be provided with by driven gear again, so main rotary shaft has just obtained clockwise moment of rotation.(what this emphasized any be: if right-hand member 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders are in the expansion stroke stage, that individual event gear that diameter is bigger will be brought into play the effect of carry-over moment so).Because the moving direction of wedge shape steel column is the tangent direction of wobble gear all the time in aerial ladder shape piston and the aerial ladder shape piston, so the arm of force of internal-combustion engine transmission of torque when acting is always maximum rating.Another transmission of torque approach is: give main rotary shaft by " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on " U " font diameter of axle, connecting rod and the main rotary shaft that are provided with on the wobble gear axle with the transmission of torque on the wobble gear.The movement process of the parts of being correlated with in this transmission of torque approach is identical with the movement process in the suction stroke, just variation has taken place in the transmission of torque direction, no longer set forth at this, but this approach its arm of force in the transmission of torque process can not guarantee to be always maximum rating, so this transmission of torque approach is not the main transmission of torque approach of the utility model internal-combustion engine, but it can control the maximum angle that wobble gear rotates, when connecting rod is tilted to the left, and the central axis of the crankweb that is provided with on the central axis of connecting rod and the main rotary shaft is on the straight line, and the center of gravity of connecting rod is when being in the extreme higher position, wobble gear just is positioned at the maximum position that clockwise direction rotates, and aerial ladder shape piston has also just arrived the maximum position that moves right.So far, the acting process of left end 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders finishes.

Four, exhaust stroke:

When exhaust stroke begins, outlet valve is opened, and aerial ladder shape piston, wobble gear, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the wobble gear axle, connecting rod, location status when position component states such as " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft finish with acting is identical, along with continuing clockwise direction, main rotary shaft rotates, above-mentioned these parts change occurrence positions, and carry-over moment, its movement process is identical with the movement process of compression stroke, no longer set forth at this. the moment of rotation on the main rotary shaft passes to aerial ladder shape piston the most at last, aerial ladder shape piston finally moves to the left end limit position, it is left dead-centre position, exhaust valve closure, exhaust stroke finishes. just finishes in an instant in exhaust stroke, aerial ladder shape piston is on the limit position of high order end, be the left end end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston be in and left end cylinder head internal surface between distance equal on the position of length of firing chamber, be on the position of left stop, the wobble gear of this moment then is in anticlockwise maximum rotation angle, the central axis of connecting rod also with main rotary shaft on the crankweb central axis that is provided be to be on the position of same straight line, connecting rod is tilted to the right, and the center of gravity of connecting rod also is on the extreme higher position.

What this emphaticallyed point out be: when internal-combustion engine selects for use a plurality of straight line two row cylinders to make up, after the internal-combustion engine proper functioning, because wobble gear all is mounted on the same wobble gear axle, and a plurality of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders in four stroke procedure of a plurality of aerial ladder shape piston back-and-forth movements only rare one be in the expansion stroke stage, so the moment of rotation of wobble gear just directly directly obtains on the wedge shape steel column from that aerial ladder shape piston that is in the acting state, and needn't obtain from main rotary shaft, (promptly needn't pass through main rotary shaft, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft, connecting rod, obtain with the associated components such as " U " font diameter of axle that are provided with on the wobble gear axle).In this case, the acting in conjunction of these three parts of " U " font diameter of axle that are provided with on " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on connecting rod, the main rotary shaft and the wobble gear is rotated wobble gear can only play booster action, but the combination of these three parts can be played absolute qualification effect to the maximum rotation angle of wobble gear.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are, can prolong the motion distance (can rise to the several times of existing internal-combustion engine) of piston in cylinder greatly relatively, the energy that high temperature, pressurized gas had that cylinder interior is produced is fully discharged and is changed into mechanical energy, and the working efficiency of internal-combustion engine is improved.And owing to be always the tangent state between the moving direction of piston and the wobble gear, and wobble gear remains always for the force direction of wobble gear and the moving direction of piston for the force direction of piston or piston, therefore can guarantee not only that the piston arm of force that piston promotion main rotary shaft makes it to rotate in the acting process is always maximum rating, thereby improved the working efficiency of internal-combustion engine, reach purpose of energy saving, and cylinder liner and piston also can not take place because eccentric wear and gas leak phenomenon has prolonged the working life of piston and cylinder liner relatively.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional plan structure figure of expansion box.

Fig. 2 is straight line two row cylinder cross section side plan structure figure.

Fig. 3 is a quartastroke engine vertical profile side view.

Fig. 4 is that the intermediate portion vertical profile of straight line two row cylinder and wobble gear is faced structural drawing.

Fig. 5 is a four-cycle diesel combustion engine cylinder head inner surface side view.

Fig. 6 is a four-stroke gasoline combustion engine cylinder head inner surface side view.

Among the figure, 1. cylinder body 2. works the liquid that cools and act on, 3. the cylinder body of thinner thickness, 4. cylinder liner, 5. aerial ladder shape piston, 6. downside steel plate, 7. upside steel plate, 8. steel bar, 9. wobble gear axle, 10. wobble gear bearing or bearing shell, 11. short steel column, 12. connecting rod, the neck bush of 13. small ends, 14. main rotary shaft bearing or bearing shells, 15. main rotary shaft, 16. timing gear, " U " font diameter of axle on 17. main rotary shafts, the crankweb that is provided with on 18. main rotary shafts, 19. the crankweb that is provided with on the wobble gear axle, 20. that main rotary shaft gear that diameter is less, that main rotation gear that 21. diameters are big, 22. driven gears, 23. driven gear bearing, 24. that individual event gear that diameter is big, that individual event gear that 25. diameters are little, 26. wobble gears, 27. connecting rod lower end neck bush, 28. the wedge shape steel column, 29. end points steel columns, 30. cylinder head, 31. the teeth of wobble gear, 32. outlet valve, 33. valve spring, 34. outlet pipes, 35. seal ring, 36. valve rocker, 37. air intake control valve steel pipes, 38. spherical cavitys, 39. air intake control valve spring, 40. the screw that the center is porose, 41. casings, 42. joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger, 43. steam outlet pipe, 44. steel ball, 45. nuts, 46. expansion box suction tude, 47. the hole on the expansion box facet, 48. the hole of the expansion box the other end, 49. oil nozzles, 50. sealing gaskets, 51. spark plug, 52. straight line two row cylinders.53. slotted eye, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the 54. wobble gear axles, 55. passive tooth wheel shafts, 56. air intake control valves, 57. suction valves, 58. piston rings, 59. wedge shape blooms, 1/60.th 2 straight line two row cylinder cover, 61. hollow steel cylinders.

Embodiment

In Fig. 1, expansion box is made up of casing (41), air intake control valve (56), the joint steel pipe of giving vent to anger (42), expansion box suction tude (46), steam outlet pipe (43), nut (45), sealing gasket parts such as (50), and the internal cavities of casing (41) can be multiple shapes such as spheroid, spheroid, cylindrical body or prism.The volume of casing (41) should be greater than the volume of straight line two row cylinder (52).On an end outer wall of casing (41), polish a facet, on the central position on this plane, bore a hole (47), the diameter in hole (47) is identical with the diameter of the internal cavities of thick that end of air intake control valve steel pipe (37), the nut (45) that an internal diameter is identical with the external diameter of thick that end of air intake control valve steel pipe (37) is welded on casing (41) facet that outer wall polished, and the central axis in the hole (47) that is provided with on nut (45) central axis and the facet all is on same the axis; The other end at casing (41) is provided with two holes (48), the internal diameter in these two holes (48) is identical with the internal diameter of the joint steel pipe of giving vent to anger (42), and an end of two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger (42) is welded on the outer wall of casing (41), and the internal cavities of two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger (42) is communicated with these two holes (48) respectively, the other end of these two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger (42) is connected with the suction tude that is provided with on two ends, the left and right sides cylinder head (30) respectively by steam outlet pipe (43).Expansion box air intake control valve (56) is made up of an air intake control valve steel pipe (37), an air intake control valve spring (39), a steel ball (44), the porose screw (40) in center, external diameter one end of air intake control valve steel pipe (37) is thinner, and be connected with expansion box suction tude (46), the diameter of the internal cavities of this end is less; And the other end external diameter of air intake control valve steel pipe (37) is thicker, and the diameter of the internal cavities of this end air intake control valve steel pipe (37) is bigger, and is respectively equipped with screw thread on the outer wall of this end steel pipe (37) and inwall.Joint at that less end internal cavities of bigger that end internal cavities of air intake control valve steel pipe (37) diameter and diameter is provided with a spherical cavity (38).The diameter of steel ball (44) is greater than the inner thinner cavity diameter of air intake control valve steel pipe (37), and less than the inner thicker cavity diameter of air intake control valve steel pipe (37).Steel ball (44) and air intake control valve spring (39) are placed air intake control valve steel pipe (37) internal cavities successively, and again that the center is porose screw (40) places the threaded end of air intake control valve steel pipe (37) inwall.The external diameter of sealing gasket (50) is slightly less than the internal diameter of nut (45), the internal diameter of sealing gasket (50) the then diameter with the butt end cavity of air intake control valve steel pipe (37) is identical, sealing gasket (50) is placed the internal cavities of nut (45), again air intake control valve steel pipe (37) is placed among the nut (45).At gasoline engine, the end that air intake control valve steel pipe (37) external diameter is thinner is connected with Carburetor by expansion box suction tude (46); At diesel engine, the end that air intake control valve steel pipe (37) external diameter is thinner links to each other in ambient air by expansion box suction tude (46).

In Fig. 2, cylinder is straight line two row cylinder (52), and the method for employing horizontal positioned, it is that end points butt joint by two 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60) forms, and each 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder cover (60) is to be combined by two monotubular cylinder liner (4). select the cylinder liner (4) of four steel cylinders of the no end for use as the monotubular cylinder, to just form one 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder after two monotubular cylinder combinations, to just form a complete straight line two row cylinder (52) after two identical 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60) butt joints again. the overall shape of seal ring (35) is as the framework of glasses, seal ring (35) is installed in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60) near cylinder liner (4) and steel plate (6 near that side point of wobble gear (26), 7) on the external diameter. if having the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinders (52), then the central axis of each straight line two row cylinder (52) should be parallel to each other, and be on the same plane. select two hollow steel cylinders (61) that specification is identical for use, and the two ends of these two hollow steel cylinders (61) all have the end respectively, fix a steel bar that parallels with the central axis of hollow steel cylinder (8) respectively in a side of each hollow steel cylinder (61), the thickness of this steel bar (8) is slightly less than slotted eye (53) width that is provided with in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60), the width of this steel bar (8) equals the thickness of cylinder liner (4) wall, the length of this steel bar (8) equals the total length of aerial ladder shape piston (5). three to five circular grooves are set respectively near the two ends of each hollow steel cylinder (61), with piston ring (58) is that compression ring and oil ring place this groove respectively. select some steel columns (29 for use, 28), steel column as aerial ladder shape piston, the steel column (28 of aerial ladder shape piston, 29) form by the steel column of two kinds of shapes, first kind of two steel column (29) that are mounted in aerial ladder shape piston (5) high order end and low order end, these two steel columns (29) are referred to herein as the end points steel column (29) of aerial ladder shape piston, the radius of curvature of this two steel columns (29) bottom surface, two ends is identical with the radius of curvature of monotubular cylinder liner (4) outer wall, and except the bottom surface, two ends is curved surface, remaining four face all is the plane, the cross section of these two steel columns (29) is a rectangle, it highly is slightly less than two block plates (6 in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60), 7) distance between adjacent two faces, length between this two steel columns (29) central position is that the minimum range between (29) two curved bottom surfaces of steel column is slightly less than the beeline between two monotubular cylinder liner (4) outer wall in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60). the two ends of one of them steel column (29) is separately fixed on the left side end points of the steel bar (8) that two hollow steel cylinders (61) are connected, the two ends of another steel column (29) are separately fixed on the right side end points of the steel bar (8) that two hollow steel cylinders (61) are connected, and the end face (being the end points bottom surface of hollow steel cylinder (61)) of outmost that side of each steel column (29) and steel bar (8) is on the same plane. the another kind of aerial ladder shape piston steel column is mounted in those steel columns (28) between two end points steel columns (29), being referred to as wedge shape steel column (28) at these these steel columns. every wedge shape steel column (28) is made up of three parts: the intermediate portion is that cross section is the bloom (59) of wedge shape, two ends then are that cross section is a square, the short steel column (11) of circle or rectangle, the thickness of its short steel column (11) equals the thickness of steel bar (8). its cross section be the long axis length (promptly highly) of the bloom (59) of wedge shape be slightly larger than or equal wobble gear teeth (31) highly, and be slightly less than two block plates (6 in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60), 7) distance between adjacent two faces; Its cross section is the thickness that the length of the bloom (59) of wedge shape was slightly larger than or equaled wobble gear teeth (31). an end of two short steel columns (11) is separately fixed on the end face at the bloom that cross section is a wedge shape (59) two ends, make the three form one, form a complete wedge shape steel column (28). after some wedge shape steel columns (28) are equidistantly distributed, the other end that to lack steel column (11) respectively is fixed on the steel bar (8) that two hollow steel cylinders (61) are connected. and the distance between the wedge shape steel column (28) at aerial ladder shape piston (5) two ends should be greater than the total length of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60), such two steel cylinders (61) are just at aerial ladder shape piston steel column (28,29) and under the connection of steel bar (8) formed one. cylinder head (30) is two groups, each one group respectively of left end and right-hand member. valve stem, valve rocker (36), control air inlet such as valve spring (33) and the required parts of exhaust, except size and placement angle, its shape, structure, aspects such as principle are identical with existing internal-combustion engine. and this kind internal-combustion engine plays the liquid (2) of the effect of cooling or the object of other form, needn't directly contact with cylinder liner (4), but cylinder liner (4) is directly installed in the inner cavity that is provided with of cylinder body (3) of thinner thickness, the liquid (2) that playing the effect of cooling or the object of other form are directly contacted with (3) outer surface of thinner thickness cylinder body.

In Fig. 3, from (4) sides of each monotubular cylinder liner, cutting one respectively is the slotted eye (53) that cylinder-bore axis parallels with (4) two bottom center's lines of cylinder liner, the width of slotted eye (53) is slightly larger than the thickness of steel bar (8) in the aerial ladder shape piston (5), the length of slotted eye (53) equals the total length of monotubular cylinder liner (4). and selecting two flank radius and its cross section identical with cylinder liner (4) outer diameter curvature radius for use is trapezoidal steel plate (6,7), the slotted eye (53) that is separately fixed at two monotubular cylinder liner (4) is both sides up and down, wherein be fixed on the distance between the axis of upper end and the short steel column (11) of aerial ladder shape piston (5) centre of the wedge shape bloom (59) of lower surface in the middle of the distance of slotted eye (53) central axis is slightly larger than aerial ladder shape piston (5) of steel plate (7) of slotted eye (53) upside, be fixed on the distance between the axis of lower end and the short steel column (11) of aerial ladder shape piston (5) centre of the wedge shape bloom (59) of upper surface in the middle of the distance of slotted eye (53) central axis is slightly larger than aerial ladder shape piston (5) of steel plate (6) of slotted eye (53) downside. steel plate (6,7) the used material of used material and cylinder liner (4) is identical. select two hollow steel cylinders (61) that specification is identical for use, and the two ends of these two hollow steel cylinders (61) all have the end respectively, fix a steel bar (8) that parallels with the central axis of hollow steel cylinder (61) respectively in a side of each hollow steel cylinder (61), the thickness of this steel bar (8) is slightly less than slotted eye (53) width that is provided with in the straight line two row cylinder cover (4), the width of this steel bar (8) equals the thickness of cylinder liner (4) wall, the length of this steel bar (8) equals the total length of aerial ladder shape piston (5). and the cross section of short steel column (11) is square, circle or rectangle. the thickness of short steel column (11) equals steel bar (8) thickness. an end of two short steel columns (11) is separately fixed on the end face at the bloom that cross section is a wedge shape (59) two ends, make the three form one, form a complete wedge shape steel column (28). after some wedge shape steel columns (28) are equidistantly distributed, the other end that to lack steel column (11) respectively is fixed on two steel bars that hollow steel cylinder connected (8). and wobble gear (26) is fixed on the wobble gear axle (9), wobble gear axle (9) is provided with " U " font diameter of axle (54) of a bending, it is made up of connecting rod (12) upper end connecting rod journal diameter that is connected and the crankweb (19) that is fixed on the wobble gear axle, the upper end of connecting rod (12) is connected by " U " font diameter of axle (54) that is provided with on small end neck bush (13) and the wobble gear axle (9), the lower end of connecting rod (12) then is connected by " U " font diameter of axle (17) that is provided with on connecting rod lower end neck bush (27) and the main rotary shaft (15). and wobble gear axle (9) then is connected with the cylinder body (1) of internal-combustion engine by bearing or bearing shell (10), and wobble gear axle (9) is on the central vertical line of straight line two row cylinder (52), the part teeth (31) of wobble gear place between the wedge shape steel column (28) of aerial ladder shape piston (5). and the quantity of wobble gear (26) equates with the quantity of straight line two row cylinder (52). if the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinder (52) combination, so all wobble gears (26) all are installed on the same wobble gear axle (9), and the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle (54) that is provided with on the wobble gear axle (9) can be less than wobble gear (26) total quantity, but minimumly can not be less than one, and the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle (54) that is provided with on the quantity of connecting rod (12) and the wobble gear axle (9) equates. select for use two diameters different, the number of teeth does not wait, the individual event gear (24 that the transmission of torque direction is opposite, 25), with these two individual event gears (24,25) intermediate portion is fixed on the wobble gear axle (9), if and the sense of rotation the during main rotary shaft of quartastroke engine (15) proper functioning is designed to clockwise, the intermediate portion of that individual event gear (24) that diameter is bigger must be selected for use and rotate counterclockwise the sort of individual event gear (24) of teeth carry-over moment to the periphery so; The intermediate portion of that individual event gear (25) that diameter is less then must select the sort of individual event gear (25) that clockwise rotates teeth carry-over moment to the periphery for use. if the sense of rotation the during main rotary shaft of quartastroke engine (15) proper functioning is designed to counterclockwise, this two individual event gears (24 so, 25) then all must select the sort of individual event gear opposite separately for use with above-mentioned transmission of torque direction. driven gear (22) is installed on the passive tooth wheel shaft (55), passive tooth wheel shaft (55) then is connected with cylinder body (1) by driven gear bearing (23), driven gear (22) be in that little main rotary shaft gear (20) of the little individual event gear (25) of diameter and diameter this, and little with diameter respectively individual event gear (25) and little that main rotary shaft gear (20) interlock mutually of diameter, the quantity of driven gear (22) equates in less individual event gear (25) quantity of diameter. main rotary shaft (15) should be on the central vertical line of straight line two row cylinder (52), and main rotary shaft (15) is parallel to each other with wobble gear axle (9). two diameters are different, the main rotary shaft gear (20 that the number of teeth does not wait, 21) be installed on the main rotary shaft (15), wherein that main rotary shaft gear (21) that diameter is big directly with wobble gear axle (9) on the big mutual interlock of that individual event gear (24) of diameter of being installed; The little main rotary shaft gear (20) of another diameter then with driven gear (22) interlock mutually. wobble gear (26) is individual event gear (24 in rotating half period, 25) the teeth number that is turned over respectively with main rotary shaft gear (21, the ratio of teeth number 20) is 0.5: 1. " U " font diameter of axle (17) that a bending is set on main rotary shaft, the crankweb (18) that (15) are provided with on the connecting rod journal diameter that it is connected by connecting rod (12) lower end and the main rotary shaft is formed. and the lower end of connecting rod (12) is connected by " U " font diameter of axle (17) that (15) on internal memory cover (27) and the main rotary shaft are provided with respectively. and the length of the crankweb (18) that is provided with on the main rotary shaft (15) should be less than crankweb (19) length that is provided with on the wobble gear axle (9). and " U " font diameter of axle (54) quantity that is provided with on the quantity (17) of " U " font diameter of axle that (15) are provided with on the main rotary shaft and connecting rod (12) and the wobble gear axle (9) equates, the main shaft gear of being installed on the main rotary shaft (15) (20,21) quantity and individual event gear (24,25) quantity equates. play the liquid (2) of the effect of cooling or the object of other form, needn't directly contact with cylinder liner (4), but cylinder liner (4) is directly installed in the inner cavity that is provided with of cylinder body (3) of thinner thickness, the object that makes cooling promptly play the liquid of cooling effect (2) or other form directly contacts with (3) outer surface of thinner thickness cylinder body. and will have timing gear (16) or other parts installed on the bent axle in the internal-combustion engine now, should be installed in this example on the main rotary shaft (15)

In Fig. 4, selecting two flank radius and its cross section identical with cylinder liner (4) outer diameter curvature radius for use is trapezoidal steel plate (6,7), every block plate (6,7) slotted eye (53) end points of the end face of an end and cylinder liner (4) and contacted that end of cylinder head (30) maintains an equal level, every block plate (6,7) all parallel with the central axis of slotted eye (53), and the slotted eye (53) that is separately fixed at two monotubular cylinder liner (4) both sides up and down, wherein be fixed on the distance between the axis of upper end and the short steel column (11) of aerial ladder shape piston (5) centre of the wedge shape bloom (59) of lower surface in the middle of the distance of slotted eye (53) central axis is slightly larger than aerial ladder shape piston (5) of steel plate (7) of slotted eye (53) upside, the length of this steel plate (7) equals the length of slotted eye (53); Be fixed on the distance between the axis of lower end and the short steel column (11) of aerial ladder shape piston (5) centre of the wedge shape bloom (59) of upper surface in the middle of the distance of slotted eye (53) central axis is slightly larger than aerial ladder shape piston (5) of steel plate (6) of slotted eye (53) downside, the length of this block plate (6) is slightly less than monotubular cylinder liner slotted eye (53) length and deducts wobble gear (26) 1/2nd,, two block plates (6 of the scant length that cuts mutually of the elongation line of steel plate (6) therewith, 7) just form a rail slot between, this rail slot is that wedge shape steel column (28) and the end points steel column (29) in the aerial ladder shape piston (5) provides sliding rail. steel plate (6,7) the used material of used material and cylinder liner (4) is identical, this two block plate (6,7) and two monotubular cylinder liner (4) just formed one 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder cover (60), to just form a complete straight line two row cylinder (52) after two 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60) combination again. select some steel columns (29 for use, 28), steel column (28 as aerial ladder shape piston (5), 29), the steel column (28 of aerial ladder shape piston (5), 29) form by the steel column of two kinds of shapes, first kind of two steel column (29) that are mounted in aerial ladder shape piston high order end and low order end, these two steel columns (29) are referred to herein as the end points steel column (29) of aerial ladder shape piston (5), the radius of curvature of this two steel columns (29) bottom surface, two ends is identical with the radius of curvature of monotubular cylinder liner (4) outer wall, and except the bottom surface, two ends is curved surface, remaining four face all is the plane, the cross section of these two steel columns (29) is a rectangle, it highly is slightly less than two block plates (6 in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60), 7) distance between adjacent two faces, length between this two steel columns (29) central position is that the minimum range between two curved bottom surfaces of steel column is slightly less than the beeline between two monotubular cylinder liner (4) outer wall in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60). the two ends of one of them steel column (29) is separately fixed on the left side end points of the steel bar (8) that two hollow steel cylinders (61) are connected, the two ends of another steel column (29) are separately fixed on the right side end points of the steel bar (8) that two hollow steel cylinders (61) are connected, and the end face that makes outmost that side of each steel column (29) and steel bar (8) is that the end points bottom surface of hollow steel cylinder (61) is on the same plane. the another kind of aerial ladder shape piston steel column is mounted in those steel columns (28) between two end points steel columns (29), being referred to as wedge shape steel column (28) at these these steel columns. every wedge shape steel column (28) is made up of three parts: the intermediate portion is that cross section is the bloom (59) of wedge shape, two ends then are that cross section is a square, the short steel column (11) of circle or rectangle, thickness of its short steel column (11) equals steel bar (8) thickness. its cross section be the long axis length of the bloom (59) of wedge shape promptly highly be slightly larger than or equal wobble gear teeth (31) highly, and be slightly less than two block plates (6 in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60), 7) distance between adjacent two faces; Its cross section is the thickness that the length of the bloom (59) of wedge shape was slightly larger than or equaled wobble gear teeth (31). an end of two short steel columns (11) is separately fixed on the end face at the bloom that cross section is a wedge shape (59) two ends, make the three form one, form a complete wedge shape steel column (28). after some wedge shape steel columns (28) are equidistantly distributed, the other end that to lack steel column (11) respectively is fixed on the steel bar (8) that two hollow steel cylinders (61) are connected, and make distance between two adjacent arc shaped surfaces of two adjacent wedge shape blooms (59) be slightly larger than teeth (31) width of wobble gear, teeth (31) width is meant the distance between two occlusal surfaces of same teeth (31). and the distance between the wedge shape steel column (28) at aerial ladder shape piston (5) two ends should be greater than the total length of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers (60). and the thickness of wobble gear teeth (31) is equal to or less than the length of wedge shape bloom (59) in the aerial ladder shape piston wedge shape steel column (28), the height of teeth (31) is not more than the long axis length of wedge shape bloom (59) in the aerial ladder shape piston (5), distance between adjacent two teeth (31) equals in the aerial ladder shape piston (5) distance between two adjacent wedge shape blooms (59), and the girth of wobble gear (26) should be greater than the distance between the wedge shape steel column (28) at two ends in the aerial ladder shape piston (5). and the part teeth (31) of wobble gear place between the wedge shape steel column (28) of aerial ladder shape piston

In Fig. 5, at the four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine, the outlet valve of being installed on left end or the right-hand member cylinder head (30) (32), suction valve (57), these three parts triangularities of oil nozzle (49) are arranged, and make outlet valve (32), suction valve (57) be in the upper and lower both sides of cylinder head (30) respectively, oil nozzle (49) then is in the neutral position, and all is provided with separately independently suction valve (57), outlet valve (32) and oil nozzle (49) on the corresponding cylinder head of each monotubular cylinder (30) at two ends, the left and right sides.

In Fig. 6, at the four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine, outlet valve (32), suction valve (57), these three parts of spark plug (51) also triangularity are arranged, and make outlet valve (32), suction valve (57) be in the upper and lower both sides of cylinder head (30) respectively, spark plug (51) then is in the neutral position, and all is provided with separately independently suction valve (57), outlet valve (32) and spark plug (51) on the corresponding cylinder head of each monotubular cylinder (30) at two ends, the left and right sides.

Claims (10)

1. quartastroke engine, comprise four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine and four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine two big classes, it be by: by cylinder liner, cylinder body, cylinder head, aerial ladder shape piston, wobble gear, the individual event gear, driven gear, main rotary shaft, expansion box, the ignition system of four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine, the injection system of four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine, cooling system, lubrication system, suction system, vent systems, parts such as wobble gear maximum rotation angle control system constitute, it is characterized in that: cylinder is the straight line two row cylinder, and the method for employing horizontal positioned, it is to be formed by an end points butt joint of two 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder covers, and each 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover is to cut a slotted eye respectively in a side of two monotubular cylinder liner, and fixed two block plates respectively in the both sides of slotted eye and formed, / 2nd straight line two row cylinder covers are directly installed in the cavity that cylinder interior was provided with of thinner thickness, directly contact playing the liquid of the effect of cooling or the object of other form with the outer surface of the cylinder body of thinner thickness, aerial ladder shape piston is all to have a side of the hollow steel cylinder at the end to fix a root steel bar respectively at two two ends, and after end points steel column and wedge shape steel column equidistantly distributed its two ends are separately fixed on two steel bars and form, wobble gear and individual event gear all are fixed on the wobble gear axle, the wobble gear axle is on the central vertical line of straight line two row cylinder, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the wobble gear axle is connected with small end, the crankweb length that is provided with on the wobble gear axle is greater than the crankweb length that is provided with on the main rotary shaft, individual event gear and the little mutual interlock of that main rotary shaft gear of diameter that driven gear is little with diameter respectively, main rotary shaft and wobble gear axle are parallel to each other, the main rotary shaft gear is fixed on the main rotary shaft, " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft is connected with the connecting rod lower end, cylinder head is two groups, each one group respectively of left end and right-hand member, four all are provided with separately independently suction valve on the corresponding cylinder head of each monotubular cylinder at two ends, the diesel engine left and right sides, outlet valve and oil nozzle, four all are provided with separately independently suction valve on the corresponding cylinder head of each monotubular cylinder at two ends, the gasoline engine left and right sides, outlet valve and spark plug, expansion box is by casing, air intake control valve, the joint steel pipe of giving vent to anger, the expansion box suction tude, steam outlet pipe, nut, parts such as sealing gasket are formed, and the arc length of the convex portion of the intake cam of being installed on the camshaft is more slightly longer than the arc length of existing internal-combustion engine.

2. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: cylinder is the straight line two row cylinder, and the method for employing horizontal positioned, that is: belong to the cylinder for sleeping in that it has often been said, it is to be formed by the end points butt joint that two 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders overlap, and each 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover is to be combined by two monotubular cylinder liner, at first select the cylinder liner of four steel cylinders of the no end for use as the monotubular cylinder, a side from each monotubular cylinder liner, cut a slotted eye that parallels with two bottom center's lines of cylinder liner respectively, the width of slotted eye is slightly larger than the thickness of steel bar in the aerial ladder shape piston, the length of slotted eye equals the total length of monotubular cylinder liner, selecting two flank radius and its cross section identical with cylinder liner outer diameter curvature radius for use is trapezoidal steel plate, the slotted eye end points of the end face of every block plate one end and cylinder liner and contacted that end of cylinder head maintains an equal level, every block plate is all parallel with the central axis of slotted eye, and the slotted eye that is separately fixed at two monotubular cylinder liner both sides up and down, wherein be fixed on the distance between the axis of upper end and the short steel column of aerial ladder shape piston centre of the wedge shape bloom of lower surface in the middle of the distance of slotted eye central axis is slightly larger than aerial ladder shape piston of steel plate of slotted eye upside, the length of this steel plate equals the length of slotted eye; Be fixed on the distance between the axis of lower end and the short steel column of aerial ladder shape piston centre of the wedge shape bloom of upper surface in the middle of the distance of slotted eye central axis is slightly larger than aerial ladder shape piston of steel plate of slotted eye downside, the slotted eye length that the length of this block plate is slightly less than the monotubular cylinder liner deduct wobble gear therewith the scant length that cuts mutually of the elongation line of steel plate 1/2nd, two block plates link together two monotubular cylinder liner, formed one 1/2nd straight line two row cylinder cover, the used material of the used material of steel plate and cylinder liner is identical, to just form a complete straight line two row cylinder after two identical 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover butt joints, the overall shape of seal ring is as the framework of glasses, seal ring is installed in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders covers on the external diameter near near cylinder liner of that side point of wobble gear and steel plate, if have the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinders, then the central axis of each straight line two row cylinder should be parallel to each other, and be on the same plane, about two 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders, when one of them is in suction stroke during the stage, another 1/2nd straight lines two row cylinder then should be in the exhaust stroke stage.

3. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: select two hollow steel cylinders that specification is identical for use, and the two ends of these two hollow steel cylinders all have the end respectively, fix a steel bar that parallels with the central axis of hollow steel cylinder respectively in a side of each hollow steel cylinder, the thickness of this steel bar is slightly less than the slotted eye width that is provided with in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover, the width of this steel bar equals the thickness of cylinder jacket wall, the length of this steel bar equals the total length of aerial ladder shape piston, three to five circular grooves are set respectively near the two ends of each hollow steel cylinder, piston ring is placed this groove respectively, select some steel columns for use, steel column as aerial ladder shape piston, the steel column of aerial ladder shape piston is made up of the steel column of two kinds of shapes, first kind of two steel column that are mounted in aerial ladder shape piston high order end and low order end, these two steel columns are referred to herein as the end points steel column of aerial ladder shape piston, the radius of curvature of this bottom surface, two steel column two ends is identical with the radius of curvature of monotubular cylinder liner outer wall, and except the bottom surface, two ends is curved surface, remaining four face all is the plane, the cross section of these two steel columns is a rectangle, it highly is slightly less than the distance between adjacent two faces of two block plates that 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders put, minimum range between two curved bottom surfaces of these two steel columns is slightly less than in 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders covers beeline between two monotubular cylinder liner outer walls, the two ends of one of them steel column are separately fixed on the left side end points of two steel bars that hollow steel cylinder connected, the two ends of another steel column are separately fixed on the right side end points of two steel bars that hollow steel cylinder connected, and the end that makes outmost that side of each steel column and steel bar is on same plane, the another kind of aerial ladder shape piston steel column is mounted in those steel columns between two end points steel columns, be referred to as the wedge shape steel column at these these steel columns, every wedge shape steel column is made up of three parts: the intermediate portion is that cross section is the bloom of wedge shape, two ends then are that cross section is a square, the short steel column of circle or rectangle, the thickness of its short steel column equals steel bar thickness, its cross section is the teeth height that the long axis length of the bloom of wedge shape was slightly larger than or equaled wobble gear, and is slightly less than the distance between adjacent two faces of two block plates that 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders put; Its cross section is the thickness that the length of the bloom of wedge shape was slightly larger than or equaled the wobble gear teeth, one end of two short steel columns is separately fixed on the end face at bloom two ends that cross section is a wedge shape, make the three form one, form a complete wedge shape steel column, after some wedge shape steel columns are equidistantly distributed, the other end that to lack steel column respectively is fixed on two steel bars that hollow steel cylinder connected, and make distance between two adjacent arc shaped surfaces of two adjacent wedge shape blooms be slightly larger than the teeth width of wobble gear, here said teeth width is meant the distance between two occlusal surfaces of same teeth, and the distance between the wedge shape steel column at aerial ladder shape piston two ends should be greater than the total length of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders cover.

4. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of wobble gear teeth is equal to or less than the length of wedge shape bloom in the aerial ladder shape piston steel column, the height of teeth is not more than the long axis length of wedge shape bloom in the aerial ladder shape piston, distance between adjacent two teeth equals in the aerial ladder shape piston distance between two adjacent wedge shape blooms, the girth of wobble gear is greater than the distance between the wedge shape steel column at two ends in the aerial ladder shape piston, wobble gear is fixed on the wobble gear axle, the wobble gear axle is provided with crooked " U " font diameter of axle, it is made up of small end connecting rod journal diameter that is connected and the crankweb that is fixed on the wobble gear axle, the upper end of connecting rod is connected by " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on small end neck bush and the wobble gear axle, the lower end of connecting rod then is connected by " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on connecting rod lower end neck bush and the main rotary shaft, the wobble gear axle then is connected with the cylinder body of internal-combustion engine by bearing or bearing shell, and the wobble gear axle is on the central vertical line of straight line two row cylinder, the part teeth of wobble gear place between the wedge shape steel column of aerial ladder shape piston, the quantity of wobble gear equates with the quantity of straight line two row cylinder, if the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinder combinations, so all wobble gears all are installed on the same wobble gear axle, and the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the wobble gear axle can be less than the wobble gear total quantity, but minimumly can not be less than one, and the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the quantity of connecting rod and the wobble gear axle equates.

5. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of individual event gear, principle is identical with the structural principle of bicycle freewheel, select two diameter differences for use, the number of teeth does not wait, the individual event gear that the transmission of torque direction is opposite, the intermediate portion of these two individual event gears is fixed on the wobble gear axle, if and the sense of rotation during the main rotary shaft proper functioning of quartastroke engine is designed to clockwise, the intermediate portion of that individual event gear that diameter is bigger must be selected for use and rotate counterclockwise the sort of individual event gear of teeth carry-over moment to the periphery so; The intermediate portion of that individual event gear that diameter is less then must be selected for use and clockwise rotate the sort of individual event gear of teeth carry-over moment to the periphery, if the sense of rotation during the main rotary shaft proper functioning of quartastroke engine is designed to counterclockwise, these two individual event gears then all must be selected the sort of individual event gear opposite separately with above-mentioned transmission of torque direction for use so, if internal-combustion engine is the mode that adopts a plurality of straight line two row cylinder combinations, so all individual event gears also all should be installed on the same wobble gear axle, the number of individual event gear can be less than two times of straight line two row cylinder sum, but can not be less than two at least.

6. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: driven gear is installed on the passive tooth wheel shaft, the passive tooth wheel shaft then is connected with cylinder body by the driven gear bearing, driven gear be in that little main rotary shaft gear of the little individual event gear of diameter and diameter this, and little with diameter respectively individual event gear and the little mutual interlock of that main rotary shaft gear of diameter, the less individual event gear quantity of the quantity of driven gear and diameter equates.

7. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: main rotary shaft is on the central vertical line of straight line two row cylinder, and main rotary shaft and wobble gear axle are parallel to each other, with two diameter differences, the main rotary shaft gear that the number of teeth does not wait is installed on the main rotary shaft, the big mutual interlock of that individual event gear of diameter of wherein being installed on that main rotary shaft direct geared that diameter is big and the wobble gear axle; The little main rotary shaft gear of another diameter then with the mutual interlock of driven gear, the wobble gear teeth number that the individual event gear is turned in rotating half period is 0.5: 1 with the ratio of the teeth number of main rotary shaft gear, " U " font diameter of axle of a bending is set on main rotary shaft, the crankweb that is provided with on connecting rod journal diameter that it is connected by the connecting rod lower end and the main rotary shaft is formed, the lower end of connecting rod is connected by " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on internal memory cover and the main rotary shaft, the length of the crankweb that is provided with on the main rotary shaft should be less than the crankweb length that is provided with on the wobble gear axle, main rotary shaft is connected with the cylinder body of internal-combustion engine by bearing shell or bearing, the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft equates with the quantity of connecting rod, the quantity of the main shaft gear of being installed on the main rotary shaft equates with the quantity of individual event gear, if the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinder combinations, main rotary shaft is also only established a main rotary shaft, and the quantity of " U " font diameter of axle that is provided with on the main rotary shaft can be less than the quantity of straight line two row cylinder, but can not be less than one at least.

8. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: cylinder head is two groups, each one group respectively of left end and right-hand member, at the four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine, the outlet valve of being installed on left end or the right-hand member cylinder head, suction valve, these three parts triangularities of oil nozzle are arranged, and make outlet valve, suction valve be in respectively cylinder head on, following both sides, oil nozzle then is in the neutral position, and all be provided with separately independently suction valve on the corresponding cylinder head of each monotubular cylinder at two ends, the left and right sides, outlet valve and oil nozzle, at the four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine, outlet valve, suction valve, these three parts of spark plug also triangularity are arranged, and make outlet valve, suction valve be in respectively cylinder head on, following both sides, spark plug then is in the neutral position, and all be provided with separately independently suction valve on the corresponding cylinder head of each monotubular cylinder at two ends, the left and right sides, outlet valve and spark plug, a quartastroke engine left side, the outlet pipe that is provided with on the cylinder head of right two ends can all be interconnected them by a pipeline respectively with main exhaust, at last by the outside exhaust of main exhaust, certainly, a left side, the outlet pipe at right two ends can not be interconnected yet, and directly outwards exhaust, the final twin exhaust pipes independent exhaustion separately of realizing, at the bigger quartastroke engine of power, be more suitable for adopting the twin exhaust pipes mode of independent exhaustion separately, the intake valve mouth that is provided with on the cylinder head, exhaust valve mouth and four-cycle diesel combustion engine cylinder head are provided with is used to install the cavity of oil nozzle or four-stroke gasoline cylinder of internal-combustion engine and covers set being used to of having that its structure of cavity of spark plug is installed is identical with existing quartastroke engine with shape.

9. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: expansion box is by casing, air intake control valve, the joint steel pipe of giving vent to anger, storage institute case suction tude, steam outlet pipe, nut, parts such as sealing gasket are formed, the internal cavities of casing can be spheroid, spheroid, multiple shape such as cylindrical body or prism, the volume of casing should be greater than the volume of straight line two row cylinder, on an end outer wall of casing, polish a facet, on the central position on this plane, bore a hole, the diameter in hole is identical with the diameter of the internal cavities of thick that end of air intake control valve steel pipe, the identical nut of external diameter of thick that end of an internal diameter and air intake control valve steel pipe is welded on the facet that cabinet exterior polish, and the central axis in the hole that is provided with on nut central axis and the facet all is on same the axis; The other end at casing is provided with two holes, the internal diameter in these two holes is identical with the internal diameter of the joint steel pipe of giving vent to anger, and an end of two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger is welded on the outer wall of casing, and the internal cavities of two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger is communicated respectively with these two holes, the other end of these two joint steel pipes of giving vent to anger is connected with the suction tude that is provided with on the cylinder head of two ends, the left and right sides respectively by steam outlet pipe, the expansion box air intake control valve is by an air intake control valve steel pipe, an air intake control valve spring, a steel ball, the porose screw in center is formed, external diameter one end of air intake control valve steel pipe is thinner, the diameter of the internal cavities of this end is less, and the other end external diameter of air intake control valve steel pipe is thicker, the diameter of the internal cavities of this end air intake control valve steel pipe is bigger, and on the outer wall of this end steel pipe and inwall, be respectively equipped with screw thread, joint at that less end internal cavities of bigger that end internal cavities of air intake control valve diameter of steel tube and diameter is provided with a spherical cavity, the diameter of steel ball is greater than the thinner cavity diameter of air intake control valve steel duct, and less than the thicker cavity diameter of air intake control valve steel duct, steel ball and air intake control valve spring are placed air intake control valve steel duct cavity successively, again that the center is porose screw places the threaded end of air intake control valve steel pipe inwall, the external diameter of sealing gasket is slightly less than the internal diameter of nut, the internal diameter of the sealing gasket then diameter with the butt end cavity of air intake control valve steel pipe is identical, sealing gasket is placed the internal cavities of nut, an end that again the air intake control valve outer wall of steel pipe is provided with screw thread places among the nut, at gasoline engine, the end that the air intake control valve outer diameter of steel pipes is thinner is connected with Carburetor by the expansion box suction tude; At diesel engine, the end that the air intake control valve outer diameter of steel pipes is thinner links to each other with ambient air by the expansion box suction tude, if the operating ambient temperature of internal-combustion engine is lower, then can be with expansion box near the higher parts of temperature, as: the outlet pipe of internal-combustion engine, if adopt the internal-combustion engine of a plurality of straight line two row cylinder combinations, can not establish expansion box or only establish the less expansion box of volume, also can not establish expansion box at the four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine.

10. according to the quartastroke engine described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: will have timing gear or other parts installed on the bent axle in the internal-combustion engine now, should be installed on the main rotary shaft in this example, timing gear on the camshaft are installed on the camshaft, camshaft is connected with the cylinder body of internal-combustion engine by bearing shell or bearing, the arc length of the convex portion of the intake cam of being installed on the camshaft should be more slightly longer than the arc length of the intake cam of existing internal-combustion engine, in the suction stroke of 1/2nd straight line two row cylinders and during air-breathing finish and at the preliminary stage of compression stroke, the suction valve that is provided with on the cylinder head all is in open mode, must be at the compression stroke preliminary stage, when the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston moves to appointed positions, intake valve is just closed when just moving to the end points bottom surface of aerial ladder shape piston and the gas gross in the cavity between the cylinder head internal surface and reaching requiring of compression ratio, valve stem, valve rocker, control air inlet such as valve spring and the required parts of exhaust, except size and placement angle, its shape, structure, aspects such as principle are identical with existing internal-combustion engine, the required parts such as distributor of high pressure oil pump that the four-cycle diesel internal-combustion engine is required and four-stroke gasoline internal-combustion engine are in shape, structure, aspects such as the principle also internal-combustion engine with present are identical, play the fuel head of the lubricant oil of lubrication in the internal-combustion engine, reach that to touch wobble gear teeth height bottom just passable, do not have other required parts of the quartastroke engine of setting forth all identical with existing internal-combustion engine.

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