CN2911205Y

CN2911205Y - Rotary piston I.C. engine

Info

Publication number: CN2911205Y
Application number: CNU200420003168XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾航
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-02-17
Filing date: 2004-02-17
Publication date: 2007-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2014-02-17

Abstract

A internal combustion engine with a piston rotating around the ring cylinder. A ring cylinder channel is formed between a round piston wheel and the inner wall of the cylinder, along which is provided an air inlet valve, an air outlet valve and a scavenging valve, an air inlet and an air outlet. The air outlet valve, a fuel pump or a ignition trigger cam is fixed coaxially with the piston wheel outside the cylinder, and the corresponding ones are arranged on the cylinder at different angles. The piston timely trigger the valves open or closed by self or the coaxial outer cam tappet mechanism as the piston wheel rotates along the ring cylinder, and the fuel pump injects oil or the ignition trigger ignites so that air taking-in, compression, doing work and air taking-off can be realized in the sealed ring cylinder between the piston and the valve, and the power is conveyed by the rotating main axis driven by the piston wheel.

Description

Rotary piston type internal combustion engine

One. technical field:

The utility model relates to a kind of its piston and moves in the circumference mode, in a circumferential direction by finishing air inlet with cooperating of valve, compression, the internal-combustion engine of acting and exhaust cycle.

Two. background technique:

The internal-combustion engine that uses normally is converted into the circular movement outputting power by the to-and-fro motion of piston by connecting rod at present, and its transmission of power link is many, and frictional contact surface is many, thereby causes mechanical friction loss bigger, and mechanical efficiency reduces.And, make complete machine galloping because the to-and-fro motion of piston produces inertial oscillation inevitably, be unsuitable for running up.

Three. summary of the invention:

Many in order to overcome existing internal-combustion engines crank-connecting rod mechanism transmission of power link, galloping and be unsuitable at a high speed deficiency, the utility model provides a kind of rotary piston type internal combustion engine, rotate in the annular channel that it allows piston form between piston wheel and cylinder body, in rotary course, act on valve by self and coaxial external cam, fuel pump or igniting trigger (petrol engine occasion) are finished air inlet, compression, acting and four strokes of exhaust.Piston in the rotation directly drives main shaft by the piston wheel with power and exports with rotation mode, need not to be converted into the output again that rotatablely moves by to-and-fro motion earlier, significantly reduced the mechanical friction that produces between transmission of power link and the link, mechanical efficiency is greatly improved, reduced oil consumption, and eliminated the vibration that to-and-fro motion causes, complete machine turns round steadily and is suitable at a high speed.

The technological scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: (the following special declaration that removes all is fuel with diesel oil)

The front and rear surfaces of piston is smooth curve shape, is positioned on the wheel rim of piston wheel, and is one with the piston wheel, is contained in the cylinder body, and cylinder body, cylinder cap and piston wheel form annular channel jointly; The side of piston and end face are provided with three road piston rings, and its inside is provided with cavity and lubricating oil path, and lubricating oil path communicates with piston ring.Both sides were provided with water pump and lubricating pump before and after the piston wheel was inner, were provided with piston wheel seal groove between outer rim side and cylinder body and the cylinder cap.Cylinder body is in the same place with bolt with cylinder cap, and its inside is equipped with cooling jacket, and communicates between each water jacket.Cylinder interior is provided with the water jacket water inlet near piston wheel outer fringe position, its below, and the left side of scavenging door is provided with suction port, and the right side is provided with relief opening, and the below of scavenging door is provided with oil drain out; The longitudinal axis position of cylinder body is provided with fuel pump, and the fuel pump bottom is provided with the fuel cam coaxial with main shaft, and its top has injection line to link to each other with oil nozzle.The firing chamber is positioned at the cylinder body top, and its right top is provided with the water jacket drain opening; The firing chamber is made of the three-dimensional circular casing wall that comprises intake valve, exhaust valve and piston wheel outer rim, and its top is expansion smooth curve shape, and roof is provided with oil nozzle, spark plug.Intake valve is positioned at the lower-left side of firing chamber, and its root is provided with running shaft, and the other end of running shaft stretches out outside the cylinder body, outside cylinder body, be provided with intake valve torsion returning spring, the intake valve end is provided with slide-bar, and both sides are provided with the groove of band metal bar, and corresponding with it casing wall is provided with the intake valve chute; Exhaust valve is positioned at the right lower side of firing chamber, and root is provided with the exhaust valve running shaft, and the other end of running shaft stretches out outside the cylinder body, links to each other with rocking arm, and rocking arm top and tappet are hinged, and tappet is equipped with the tappet returning spring.The scavenging door is positioned at the bottom of piston wheel, and root is provided with running shaft, and the other end of running shaft stretches out outside the cylinder body, is provided with scavenging door torsion returning spring outside cylinder body, and scavenging door end is provided with slide-bar, and corresponding with it casing wall is provided with scavenging door chute.Main shaft is positioned at the center of circle of piston wheel, in lubricating oil path in the main shaft is arranged, adorn main bearing outward; The main shaft outside is provided with the water pump water inlet; With coaxial fuel cam and the exhaust valve valve cam of being provided with of main shaft.Piston wheel inside is provided with lubricating pump, the lubricating pump filler opening communicates with annular grease channel, the major axes orientation lubricating oil path communicates with interior lubricating oil path of main shaft and main bearing, and the lubricating pump oil outlet communicates with piston direction lubricating oil path and the interior lubricating oil path of piston, piston wheel seal groove, piston ring.When piston wheel during as the rotor of Centrifugal water pump, inside is provided with water pump blade, and the water jacket water inlet is located near on the side casing wall of water pump blade end.Lubricating pump is a gear type, and one of them geared sleeve is on the main shaft and be fixed on the casing wall, and another gear is contained on the piston wheel; Be provided with the lubricant oil transport pipe between lubricating pump and the oil sump.

Piston turns clockwise from circular cylinder passage bottommost scavenging door position, and this moment, intake valve was located open position under the returning spring effect, and exhaust valve is located closed position, scavenging door place closed position under the effect of tappet mechanism.Fresh air is inhaled into cylinder body by suction port, and the gas between piston and the exhaust valve is compressed gradually simultaneously, and this compression process will last till piston through intake valve always, and intake valve is till closing under the inner high voltage gas effect of firing chamber.And in fact before compression process finishes, the fuel cam coaxial with the piston wheel touched plunger pump in advance to the oil nozzle fuel feeding, and mist of oil mixes with high temperature compressed air and takes fire.Piston arrives and when beginning to push exhaust valve open, having reached optimal combustion state high temperature and high pressure gas promotion piston turns clockwise until relief opening, piston externally does work with rotation mode by piston wheel and main shaft in this process, and the heat energy that fuel combustion is produced changes mechanical energy into.Oil spout was finished before compression process finishes, and mixed gas has reached optimal combustion state when having guaranteed that piston is pushed exhaust valve open.Piston is to utilize the cam action of itself that exhaust valve is pushed open earlier, and exhaust valve made exhaust valve stay open state by taking turns coaxial valve cam with piston by tappet mechanism before the piston arrives relief opening subsequently.When piston arrived the scavenging door through relief opening, tappet mechanism forced exhaust valve closing, with back piston again the cam action of utilization itself push the scavenging door open and enter left half cavity and restart new circulation.

If is fuel with gasoline, difference is that what to be inhaled into by suction port is vapo(u)rizing oil rather than air, and gasoline is vaporized by flow air at the suction port place.Oil spout in advance becomes by the igniting trigger by the spark plug premature ignition.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The motion mode of piston can not produce radial pressure to inboard wall of cylinder block in the motion, thereby not have mechanical power loss and parts depreciation that consequent tangent direction friction power causes for rotation, and oil consumption greatly reduces.

Passed through dynamic balancing, eliminated the piston and the piston wheel integral body of centripetal moment and also served as flywheel, can not produce vibration in the rotation, the complete machine running steadily is suitable for running up.

The motion of piston in the firing chamber can drive pressurized gas and produce eddy current, helps fully mixing of air and fuel.

External cam is coaxial with the piston wheel, finishes the exhaust valve open and close controlling continuously in good time, oil spout or igniting (petrol engine occasion), and piston itself also plays cam action and directly opens intake valve, exhaust valve and scavenging door, complete machine structure and the very simple and direct smoothness of running thereof.

The integrated combination design proposal of piston wheel and Centrifugal water pump and gear type lubricating pump makes complete machine structure reach optimization.

Four. description of drawings:

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is a structure principle chart of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the A-A longitudinal section tectonic maps of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is that the D-D part section of Fig. 2 amplifies tectonic maps.

Fig. 4 is the B-B part section tectonic maps of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is the E-E part section tectonic maps of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is that the F of Fig. 2 is to view.

1. pistons, 2. pistons are taken turns 3. main shafts, 4. water pump blades, 5. intake valves, 6. intake valve chutes, 7. exhaust valves, 8. scavenging doors, 9. scavenging door chutes, 10. relief openings, 11. suction ports, 12. oil drain out 13. firing chambers, 14. oil nozzles, 15. spark plugs (petrol engine occasion), 16. cylinder bodies, 17. water jacket drain opening among Fig. 1

Interior lubricating oil path 32. lubricating pumps of lubricating oil path 30. piston rings 31. pistons in 18. injection lines, 19. fuel pumps, 20. fuel cams, 21. exhaust valve valve cams, 22. lubricant oil transport pipe, 23. cylinder bolts, 24. cylinder caps, 25. pistons wheel seal groove, 26. water pump water inlets, 27. main bearings, 28. water jackets, 29. main shafts among Fig. 2

33. lubricating pump filler openings, 34. annular grease channel 35. major axes orientation lubricating oil paties 36. lubricating pump oil outlets 37. piston direction lubricating oil paties among Fig. 3

Fig. 4,38. water jacket water inlets among Fig. 5

39. intake valve torsion returning springs, 40. scavenging door torsion returning springs, 41. tappet returning springs, 42. tappets, 43. Rocker arm 4s, 7. exhaust valve running shafts among Fig. 6

Five. embodiment:

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, cylinder body (16), cylinder cap (24) form annular channel jointly with piston wheel (2) is rotated piston (1) betwixt.Its top and bi-side all are provided with water jacket (28) and establish water jacket water inlet (38) at inwall near the position of piston wheel (2) outer rim.Be to guarantee seal, all dock between the rotation surface of contact of cylinder body (16) and cylinder cap (24) and piston wheel (2) outer rim, form piston wheel seal groove (25) and take turns inside to stop gas to enter piston in the mode of agreeing with.Itself and cylinder body (16) are fixed together with equally distributed high strength cylinder bolt (23) at cylinder cap (24) outer periphery.Be equipped with cooling jacket (28) in cylinder body (16) and the cylinder cap (24), and each water jacket (28) communicates.

Firing chamber (13) is by the three-dimensional circular casing wall, the closed position of intake valve (5), the closed position of exhaust valve (7) and piston wheel (2) space that outer rim surrounded constitute firing chamber (13), firing chamber (13) top shape is expansion smooth curve shape, be beneficial to mixed air at piston (1) thus stirring down the generation eddy current make mist of oil and air mixing more abundant.Its roof is provided with oil nozzle (14) or spark plug (15) (Fuel Petroleum occasion).

Piston (1) and piston wheel (2) are an integral body, rotation in cylinder body (16) jointly.For guaranteeing to lift exhaust valve (7) smoothly, the piston front surface is a smooth curve shape, and the rear surface also produces eddy current for smooth curve shape makes air when being suitable for through firing chamber (13).For guaranteeing tightness, piston (1) side and end face are established three road piston rings (30) in order to sealing and frizing.Cavity is left for the cooling water process in piston (1) inside, and is provided with lubricating oil path (31) and leads to piston ring (30).Both sides were provided with water pump and lubricating pump (32) before and after piston wheel (2) was inner, and whole parts have passed through dynamic balancing, have eliminated centripetal moment.Be provided with piston wheel seal groove (25) between piston wheel (2) outer rim side and cylinder body (16) and cylinder cap (24) the piston wheel (2).

Intake valve and scavenging door are positioned at firing chamber (13) lower-left side and piston wheel (2) bottom, play the effect that intercepts gas when piston wheel (2) is gone up when valve drops on.They are the circular arc sheet metal, and radian is consistent with cylinder outer wall, and root is provided with running shaft can swing it around axle, and the rotation axle head extends to outside the cylinder body (16), and is provided at an outer portion with torque spring (39) and (40), make their maintenances or return back to open position.For expanding with heat and contract with cold and guarantee, anti-air-stop gate tightness, and makes metal bar compress the chamber wall at intake valve (5) bi-side recessing dress metal bar.Two valve ends all are provided with slide-bar, and the side casing wall has corresponding chute (6) and (9), and slide-bar slides along chute (6) and (9) during the valve swing.And the spring that buffer function all has been equipped with in chute (6) and (9) bottom and upper end during with the swing of buffering valve to the impact of piston wheel (2) and limit the valve swing up position.

Exhaust valve is positioned at right lower side, firing chamber (13), and root is provided with running shaft (47) can swing it around axle.Valve drops on when piston wheel (2) is gone up and will stop the interior pressurized gas in firing chamber (13) to pass through.Among Fig. 6, exhaust valve running shaft (47) end extends to that cylinder body (16) is outer to be connected with a rocking arm (43); rocking arm (43) top and tappet (42) are hinged, swings when tappet (42) can drive rocking arm (43) during to-and-fro motion under the effect of exhaust valve valve cam (21), makes the valve switching.Piston (1) lifts exhaust valve (7) earlier through out-of-date its slick and sly surface that utilizes, valve stays open state under the effect of valve cam (21) and tappet (42) subsequently, after piston (1) was through relief opening (8), exhaust valve (7) cut out under the effect of valve cam (21) and tappet returning spring (41) again.

Suction port (11) and relief opening (10) are for being in two arcuation slotted openings at cylinder body (16) back side about close scavenging door (8) below the cylinder body (16).When piston (1) is discharged by relief opening (10) through out-of-date pressurized gas, fresh air is inhaled into by suction port (11).The length of relief opening (10) opening is wanted suitably, to guarantee that acting is abundant and exhaust is unobstructed.

In lubrication system of the present utility model, piston wheel (2) rear portion also is the pump housing of lubricating pump (32).Among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, lubricating pump (32) is a gear type, it is to be enclosed within main shaft (3) to go up and be fixed on the casing wall that a gear is wherein arranged, it not with main shaft (3) rotation and and main shaft (3) between have the gap, lubricant oil is to suck this gap and arrive lubricating pump filler opening (33) along the annular grease channel of leaving in piston wheel (2) inside (34) through the lubricated oil pump of lubricant oil transport pipe (22) (32) from oil sump.Another gear is contained in that piston wheel (2) is gone up and with rotation therewith, around in mesh with fixed gear.Leave lubricating pump oil outlet (36) in piston wheel (2) inside equally, machine oil arrives piston wheel seal groove (25) and piston ring (30) from lubricating pump oil outlet (36) lubricating oil path (31) in piston direction lubricating oil path (37) and piston, lubricating oil path (29) in major axes orientation lubricating oil path (35) arrives main shaft arrives two main bearings (27) then.Enter the machine oil of piston ring (30), scraped by piston (1) and bring to whole casing wall each movement parts is lubricated.Lubricant oil is everywhere scraped by piston (1) again and is brought to the oil drain out (12) that is located under the scavenging door (8) then, makes it flow into oil sump, thereby finishes the whole lubricating system circulation.

In cooling system of the present utility model constitutes, piston wheel (2) is actually the rotor as Centrifugal water pump, the blade (4) of centrifugal action has been equipped with in its inside, along with the rotation of piston wheel (2), cooling water enters and is got rid of to the impeller end by blade (4) from main shaft (3) outside water pump water inlet (26) under the action of the centrifugal.Piston (1) inside has cavity, and a part of current obtain cooling through wherein making piston (1).In Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, water jacket water inlet (38) just is located near on the side casing wall of blade (4) end, the water jacket that water enters in the cylinder body (16) thus cools off the firing chamber, discharge from the water jacket drain opening (17) that is located at right top, firing chamber (13) then, finish whole cool cycles through getting back to the outer water pump water inlet of main shaft (3) (26) after the external heat sink heat radiation again.Because piston wheel (2) has enough rotary inertias, current are to the nothing influence of its rotation.

In oil supply system of the present utility model, fuel feeding is coaxial but exist the fuel cam (20) of certain angle to touch the plunger of fuel pump (19) with piston (1) by outside and main shaft, and fuel oil is finished through injection line (18) arrival oil nozzle (14).Among Fig. 6, fuel pump (19) and plunger thereof are in cylinder body (16) longitudinal axis position, and fuel cam (20) arrives plunger position prior to piston (1), and cam (20) is called injection advance angle prior to the angle (being labeled as α among the figure) of piston (1).The advance angle adjustable size is whole, guarantee that mixed gas reaches optimal combustion state so that promote externally acting of piston (1) in good time when piston (1) is pushed exhaust valve (7) open.Oil nozzle (14) is in the position that top, firing chamber (13) helps burning most.If with gasoline is fuel, different is that the igniting trigger replaces fuel pump (19) to be positioned at cylinder body (16) longitudinal axis position, makes gasoline enter cylinder with air-flow after vaporizing and locate to be equipped with vaporizer at suction port (11).Touch the igniting trigger in advance with the coaxial external cam of piston (1) spark plug (15) is got angry, the angle of the leading piston of cam (1) is called ignition advance angle.Injection advance angle, ignition advance angle all can be according to piston (1) rotating speeds, fuel delivery, and ambient temperature or the like parameter is adjusted makes mixture combustion reach the optimum state.Spark plug (15) is located at the position that top, firing chamber (13) helps combustion propagation.

In multi-cylinder assembled scheme of the present utility model, two cylinders are combined as same main shaft (3), and piston of two machines (1) and external cam (20) angle differ 180 degree.Wherein the water jacket drain opening (17) of a machine links to each other with the water pump water inlet (26) of another machine and makes flow through the successively water jacket of every machine of water, again through unified external heat sink cooling for reflux to water pump.Their oil sump is connected.Three cylinders are combined as piston (1) angle and differ 120 degree, and other is identical.The rest may be inferred, and N cylinder combined piston (1) angle differs the 360/N degree.

In exhaust gas turbocharge scheme of the present utility model, locate the tubulature road at relief opening (8) and lead to exhaust gas turbine, the dress diffuser pipe leads to the fan of calming the anger outside suction port (11).High Temperature High Pressure waste gas will promote the exhaust gas turbine rotation, and turbine drives gas compressor compression fresh air by transmission shaft and enters suction port (11), thereby has increased the air total amount of each compression stroke, has improved compression ratio.

Need to prove plunger type fuel pump related in the utility model, oil nozzle, igniting trigger, spark plug, vaporizer, Centrifugal water pump, gear type oil pump, cam and tappet mechanism, the structure of exhaust gas turbine and principle all belong to prior art, do not do too much explanation here.

Claims

1. rotary piston type internal combustion engine, it comprises piston, piston wheel, cylinder body, cylinder cap, firing chamber, intake valve, exhaust valve, scavenging door and main shaft, it is characterized in that: piston (1) is positioned on the wheel rim of piston wheel (2), and taking turns (2) with piston is one, be installed in the cylinder body (16), cylinder body (16), cylinder cap (24) form annular channel jointly with piston wheel (2); The side of piston (1) and end face are provided with three road piston rings (30), its inside is provided with cavity, and is provided with lubricating oil path (31) and communicates with piston ring (30): both sides were provided with and are provided with piston between water pump and lubricating pump (32) outer rim side and cylinder body (16) and the cylinder cap (24) and take turns seal groove (25) before and after piston wheel (2) was inner; Be equipped with cooling jacket (28) in cylinder body (16) and the cylinder cap (24), and each water jacket (28) communicates, water jacket water inlet (38) just is located near on the side casing wall of water pump blade (4) end; Firing chamber (13) is positioned at the top of cylinder body (16), and its right top is provided with water jacket drain opening (17); Intake valve (5) is positioned at the lower-left side of firing chamber (13), and exhaust valve (7) is positioned at the right lower side of firing chamber (13), and scavenging door (8) is positioned at the bottom of piston wheel (2); Main shaft (3) is positioned at the center of circle of piston wheel (2).

2. rotary piston type internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the front surface of piston (1) is a smooth curve shape, and the rear surface also is a smooth curve shape.

3. rotary piston type internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: main shaft (3) is equipped with main bearing (27), is provided with lubricating oil path (29) in the main shaft in it.

4. rotary piston type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lubricating pump filler opening (33) that piston wheel (2) inside is provided with lubricating pump (32) communicates with annular grease channel (34), major axes orientation lubricating oil path (35) communicates with interior lubricating oil path (29) of main shaft and main bearing (27), and lubricating pump oil outlet (36) communicates with piston direction lubricating oil path (37) and the interior lubricating oil path of piston (1) (31), piston wheel seal groove (25), piston ring (30).

5. rotary piston type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: piston wheel (2) is during as the rotor of Centrifugal water pump, inside is provided with water pump blade (4), main shaft (3) outside is provided with water pump water inlet (26), and water jacket water inlet (38) is located near on the side casing wall of water pump blade (4) end.

6. rotary piston type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cylinder cap (24) periphery is fixed together with cylinder bolt (23) and cylinder body (16): the below of cylinder body (16), the left side of scavenging door (8) is provided with suction port (11), the right side is provided with exhaust (10), transfers to be provided with oil drain out (12); The longitudinal axis position of cylinder body (16) is provided with fuel pump (19), the bottom of fuel pump (19), and with the coaxial fuel cam (20) that is provided with of main shaft (3), its top is provided with injection line (18) and links to each other with oil nozzle (14).

7. rotary piston type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: firing chamber (13) are by comprising intake valve (5), exhaust valve (7) and piston wheel (2) outer rim constitute at interior three-dimensional circular casing wall, its top is expansion smooth curve shape, the top is provided with oil nozzle (14), spark plug (15).

8. rotary piston type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the root of intake valve (5) is provided with running shaft, the other end of running shaft is located at outside the cylinder body (16), axle head is provided with intake valve torsion returning spring (39), the intake valve end is provided with slide-bar, both sides are provided with the groove of band metal bar, and Dui Ying casing wall is provided with intake valve chute (6) with it; The root of scavenging door (8) is provided with running shaft, and the other end of running shaft is located at outside the cylinder body (16), and axle head is provided with scavenging door torsion returning spring (40), and scavenging door end is provided with slide-bar, and Dui Ying casing wall is provided with scavenging door chute (9) with it; The root of exhaust valve (7) is provided with exhaust valve running shaft (47), and the other end of running shaft (47) is located at outside the cylinder body (16), links to each other with rocking arm (43), and rocking arm (43) top and tappet (42) are hinged, and tappet (42) is equipped with tappet returning spring (41); With the coaxial exhaust valve valve cam (21) that is provided with of main shaft (3).

9. rotary piston type internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: lubricating pump (32) is a gear type, and one of them geared sleeve is gone up and is fixed on the casing wall at main shaft (3), and another gear is contained on the piston wheel (2); Be provided with lubricant oil transport pipe (22) between lubricating pump (32) and the oil sump.