CN108661785B - Crankless rotary Atkinson cycle engine - Google Patents
Crankless rotary Atkinson cycle engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108661785B CN108661785B CN201810837026.XA CN201810837026A CN108661785B CN 108661785 B CN108661785 B CN 108661785B CN 201810837026 A CN201810837026 A CN 201810837026A CN 108661785 B CN108661785 B CN 108661785B
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000032170 Congenital Abnormalities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
- F02B53/04—Charge admission or combustion-gas discharge
- F02B53/08—Charging, e.g. by means of rotary-piston pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
- F02B53/10—Fuel supply; Introducing fuel to combustion space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
- F02B55/02—Pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
- F02B55/08—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crankless rotary Atkinson cycle engine, which comprises a compression cylinder and a working cylinder, wherein a first rotary table is arranged in the working cylinder, a second rotary table is arranged in the compression cylinder, swing arm pistons are respectively arranged on the first rotary table and the second rotary table, and each swing arm piston is respectively hinged on the first rotary table and the second rotary table; the working cylinder wall is provided with a first bulge, a pressure storage valve and a spark plug, the first bulge is tightly attached to the peripheral surface of the first rotary table to form a seal, the working cylinder is internally provided with an exhaust port, the pressure storage valve is internally provided with an oil nozzle, and the swing arm piston, the first rotary table and the working cylinder can form a closed space for supplying oil mist for combustion; the compression cylinder wall is provided with a second bulge, a compression cylinder air inlet and a compression cylinder air outlet, the second bulge is tightly attached to the peripheral surface of the second rotary table to form a seal, and the compression cylinder air outlet is connected with the pressure storage valve through a pipeline. High heat efficiency, less pollution and long service life. The invention is applied to the field of internal combustion engines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a crankless rotary Atkinson cycle engine.
Background
The most widely used reciprocating piston engine at present is a reciprocating piston engine, the technology of which is very mature, the service life and the reliability are greatly improved, but the structure is quite complex, and the defects of a few congenital defects cannot be effectively solved:
first, because of structural reasons, when the piston reaches the lowest point of the working stroke, the exhaust valve must be opened, and at this time, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the cylinder cannot be effectively utilized, and a large amount of discharged gas causes air pollution, and noise generated during exhaust causes serious noise pollution.
Second, due to the inertia of the mass of the connecting rod and the piston itself, extremely large vibrations are generated during high-speed operation, and a huge energy waste is caused.
Thirdly, because the piston ring and the cylinder are worn, the gap in the piston ring is larger and larger after long-time use, poor sealing is formed, the heat energy utilization rate is reduced, and the wear limit is too early.
The publication No. CN102791961A discloses a rotary engine, the technical scheme adopted by the rotary engine abandons a reciprocating piston and adopts a rotary turntable, so that the defects are improved to a certain extent, but the improvement on the aspects of energy utilization rate, air pollution and the like is still not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems. Therefore, the invention provides the crankless rotary Atkinson cycle engine, the double-cylinder arrangement of the working cylinder and the compression cylinder abandons the mode that the traditional internal combustion engine adopts the reciprocating piston to do work, adopts the mode that the swinging arm piston rotates to do work, removes unnecessary parts such as the reciprocating piston, improves the utilization rate of energy sources, reduces the abrasion of sealing elements, reduces the emission of waste gas and the pollution of noise, and has stable operation.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the crankless rotary Atkinson cycle engine comprises a compression cylinder and a working cylinder, wherein a first rotary table is arranged in the working cylinder, a second rotary table is arranged in the compression cylinder, swing arm pistons are respectively arranged on the first rotary table and the second rotary table, and each swing arm piston is respectively hinged to the first rotary table and the second rotary table;
the working cylinder is characterized in that a first bulge, a pressure storage valve and a spark plug are arranged on the cylinder wall of the working cylinder, the first bulge is tightly attached to the peripheral surface of the first rotary table to form a seal, an exhaust port is also arranged in the working cylinder, an oil nozzle is arranged in the pressure storage valve, and the swing arm piston, the first rotary table and the working cylinder can form a closed space for supplying oil to the combustion;
the compression cylinder wall is provided with a second bulge, a compression cylinder air inlet and a compression cylinder air outlet, the second bulge is tightly attached to the peripheral surface of the second rotary table to form a seal, and the compression cylinder air outlet is connected with the pressure storage valve through a pipeline;
and the pressure storage valve is used for providing compressed air required by combustion for the working cylinder.
Further improved, the compression cylinder and the working cylinder are connected through sharing one cylinder side wall, the first rotary table and the second rotary table are respectively round, and the first rotary table and the second rotary table are connected through a rotary shaft and can synchronously rotate; the swing arm piston is fan-shaped, the curved surface end of the swing arm piston is a working end, one end of the swing arm piston opposite to the working end is a hinged end, the hinged ends are respectively hinged to a first rotary table and a second rotary table, rotary table openings corresponding to the shapes of the swing arm piston are respectively arranged at the end parts of the first rotary table and the second rotary table and are used for providing a rotating path for the swing arm piston, and first elastic elements are respectively arranged at the rotary table openings and are used for enabling the swing arm piston to be respectively in close contact with a working cylinder wall and a compression cylinder wall to form sealing; the swing arm piston of the working cylinder is driven by the first turntable to rotate along the direction from the working end to the hinge end; the exhaust port is arranged on the side wall of the working cylinder or the side wall of the cylinder; the exhaust port, the first bulge, the pressure storage valve and the spark plug are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the first turntable;
the swing arm piston of the compression cylinder is driven by the second turntable to rotate along the direction from the hinged end to the working end, and the air outlet of the compression cylinder, the second bulge and the air inlet of the compression cylinder are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the second turntable.
Further improved, the pressure storage valve comprises a valve pipe body and a piston rod, a spring seat and a valve head are respectively arranged at the end part of the piston rod, a sealing piston is arranged in the middle of the piston rod, the valve head is arranged at one end of the valve pipe body, which is connected with a working cylinder, a fixed baffle ring is arranged in the valve pipe body along the section of the valve pipe body, the fixed baffle ring is arranged between the sealing piston and the spring seat, a second elastic element is arranged between the fixed baffle ring and the spring seat, an air inlet pipe is arranged in the middle of the valve pipe body, the air inlet pipe is arranged between the valve head and the sealing piston, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the air outlet of the compression cylinder through a pipeline.
Further improved, a compressed air conveying system is arranged between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet of the compressed air cylinder, and the compressed air conveying system comprises an engine oil interception device for filtering engine oil and an accelerating air storage tank for assisting in air filling.
Further improved, the side surface of the working cylinder or the side surface of the compression cylinder is provided with a gas distribution chamber, the gas distribution chamber comprises a shell and a cam, the cam is arranged in the shell and is connected to the rotating shaft in a transmission manner, the peripheral surface of the cam is provided with a third bulge, and the top of the shell is provided with a hydraulic transmission mechanism;
the hydraulic transmission mechanism comprises a hydraulic pipe with a sealed top end, the bottom end of the hydraulic pipe is connected with a shell, a hydraulic rod is arranged in the hydraulic pipe, a hydraulic piston is arranged at the top end of the hydraulic rod, a rotating wheel corresponding to a third bulge is rotationally connected at the bottom end of the hydraulic rod, a pressure release channel which is communicated from the middle part of the hydraulic pipe to the top end of the hydraulic pipe and with the outside is arranged in the hydraulic pipe wall, an annular groove corresponding to the pressure release channel is arranged along the circumferential surface of the hydraulic piston, a communicating pipe is connected at the upper end of the hydraulic pipe, the hydraulic pipe and a valve pipe body are sequentially communicated, a pushing device for pushing a spring seat is arranged at the joint of the communicating pipe and the valve pipe body, a hydraulic fluid medium is filled between the pushing device and a passage of the hydraulic piston, and a one-way supplementing valve is arranged at the top end of the hydraulic pipe.
Further improved, the edge of the working end is provided with a piston sealing strip, and the piston sealing strip is arranged on the side surface of the swing arm piston; the edge along first carousel side, the edge of second carousel side are equipped with carousel side sealing ring respectively, and carousel side sealing ring is convex, and the head end and the work end in close contact of carousel side sealing ring are equipped with the spring respectively between the end of carousel side sealing ring and first carousel, the second carousel in order to improve sealed effect. The rotary table is characterized in that an opening sealing strip corresponding to the curved surface of the working end is arranged at the opening of the rotary table, cylinder sealing strips are respectively arranged at the first bulge and the second bulge, each cylinder sealing strip is respectively embedded into the working cylinder wall and the compression cylinder wall, and a third elastic element is arranged between each cylinder sealing strip and the working cylinder and the compression cylinder and used for enabling the cylinder sealing strips to be respectively clung to the peripheral surfaces of the first rotary table and the second rotary table.
The bottom ends of the compression cylinder and the working cylinder are provided with oil tanks, oil return grooves are respectively arranged in the side wall of the compression cylinder, the side wall of the working cylinder and the side wall of the shared cylinder, two circular arc-shaped oil scraping strips are respectively arranged on the side surface of the first rotary disc and the side surface of the second rotary disc, the head end of each oil scraping strip is respectively close to the edge of the first rotary disc and the edge of the second rotary disc, and the tail end of each oil scraping strip is respectively close to the center of the first rotary disc and the center of the second rotary disc and corresponds to the oil return grooves to form a passage;
an S-shaped swing arm lubrication groove is formed in the swing arm piston, the head end of the swing arm lubrication groove extends to the rear end of the working end, the tail end of the swing arm lubrication groove extends to the hinge position of the swing arm piston, and the head end of the oil scraping bar, the hinge position of the swing arm piston and the rotating shaft are sequentially communicated through oil ways respectively;
and an oil return passage is arranged from the lower part of the first bulge to the oil tank on the wall surface of the working cylinder.
Further improved, the oil return path comprises a plurality of V-shaped oil paths, the V-shaped oil paths are arranged on the surface of the cylinder wall of the working cylinder, the V-shaped head ends of the V-shaped oil paths extend to the side wall of the working cylinder and the side wall of the cylinder respectively, and the V-shaped bottom ends of the V-shaped oil paths are communicated sequentially through the oil paths.
Further improved, the compression cylinder wall is also provided with an air inlet pressure relief opening, the air inlet pressure relief opening is provided with an air inlet pressure relief valve, and the air inlet pressure relief opening is arranged on a path from the air inlet to the outlet of the second rotary table.
Further improved, the air outlet of the compression cylinder is provided with an air outlet control valve.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the double-cylinder arrangement of the working cylinder and the compression cylinder eliminates the mode that the traditional internal combustion engine adopts the reciprocating piston to do work, adopts the mode that the swing arm piston rotates to do work, runs stably, has smaller engine vibration, and removes unnecessary parts such as the reciprocating piston; compressed air enters the working cylinder through the pressure storage valve, oil mist sprayed out of the oil spray nozzle is mixed with the air entering through the pressure storage valve, and after the oil mist is ignited by the spark plug, the air is combusted in a closed space formed by the working cylinder, high temperature and high pressure are instantaneously generated.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view at B in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view at C in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial seal of a working cylinder.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view at D in fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view at F in fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view at E in fig. 3.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view at H in fig. 2.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the working cylinder at the oil return path.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the seal between the first turntable and the swing arm piston.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the oil passage in the working cylinder.
Fig. 13 is an enlarged schematic view of the identified portion of fig. 1.
Fig. 14 is a cylinder wall shape forming diagram of the working cylinder of fig.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
In this embodiment, all the double-headed arrows in fig. 1 to 13 are springs, the solid large arrows are the rotation direction of the swing arm piston 14, and the hollow arrows are the gas or hydraulic fluid medium flow direction.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the compression cylinder as shown in fig. 1 in a cross-sectional view at B, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the working cylinder as shown in fig. 1 in a cross-sectional view at a.
The crankless rotary Atkinson cycle engine comprises a compression cylinder and a working cylinder, wherein a first rotary table 11 is arranged in the working cylinder, a second rotary table 12 is arranged in the compression cylinder, swing arm pistons 14 are respectively arranged on the first rotary table 11 and the second rotary table 12, and each swing arm piston 14 is respectively hinged on the first rotary table 11 and the second rotary table 12; the working cylinder wall 114 is provided with a first bulge 1141, a pressure storage valve 116 and a spark plug 117, the first bulge 1141 is tightly attached to the peripheral surface of the first rotary disk 11 to form a seal, the working cylinder is internally provided with an exhaust port 118, the pressure storage valve 116 is internally provided with an oil nozzle 1169, and the swing arm piston 14, the first rotary disk 11 and the working cylinder can form a closed space for supplying oil mist for combustion; the compression cylinder wall 115 is provided with a second bulge 1151, a compression cylinder air inlet 119 and a compression cylinder air outlet 120, the second bulge 1151 is tightly attached to the peripheral surface of the second rotary table 12 to form a seal, and the compression cylinder air outlet 120 is connected with the pressure storage valve 116 through a pipeline; the accumulator valve 116 is used to supply the working cylinder with compressed air required for combustion.
The compression cylinder and the working cylinder are connected by sharing one cylinder side wall 111, the first rotary disk 11 and the second rotary disk 12 are respectively circular, and the first rotary disk 11 and the second rotary disk 12 are connected by the rotary shaft 1 to be capable of synchronously rotating; the swing arm piston 14 is fan-shaped, the curved surface end of the swing arm piston 14 is a working end 141, the end of the swing arm piston 14 opposite to the working end 141 is a hinged end 142, each hinged end 142 is respectively hinged on the first rotary disc 11 and the second rotary disc 12, the end parts of the first rotary disc 11 and the second rotary disc 12 are respectively provided with a rotary disc opening 121 corresponding to the appearance of the swing arm piston 14 for providing a rotating path for the swing arm piston 14, and the rotary disc openings 121 are respectively provided with a first elastic element 122 for enabling the swing arm piston 14 to be respectively in close contact with the working cylinder wall 114 and the compression cylinder wall 115 to form a seal; the swing arm piston 14 of the working cylinder is driven by the first turntable 11 to rotate along the direction from the working end 141 to the hinge end 142; the exhaust port 118 is provided on the working cylinder side wall 112 or the cylinder side wall 111, and preferably, the exhaust port 118 is provided on the cylinder side wall 111; the exhaust port 118, the first protrusion 1141, the pressure storage valve 116, and the spark plug 117 are disposed in this order in the rotation direction of the first rotary disk 11; the swing arm piston 14 of the compression cylinder is driven by the second turntable 12 to rotate along the direction from the hinge end 142 to the working end 141, and the compression cylinder air outlet 120, the second protrusion 1151 and the compression cylinder air inlet 119 are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the second turntable 12.
The double-cylinder arrangement of the working cylinder and the compression cylinder eliminates the mode that the traditional internal combustion engine adopts the reciprocating piston to do work, adopts the mode that the swing arm piston 14 rotates to do work, runs stably, has smaller engine vibration, removes unnecessary parts such as the reciprocating piston, reduces mechanical loss, reduces abrasion to sealing elements, improves the utilization rate of energy sources, and prolongs the service life of the engine; by good sealing between the first rotary disc 11 and the working cylinder, between the second rotary disc 12 and the compression cylinder, and the first elastic element 122 acting on the swing arm piston 14, a better sealing effect can be achieved, more heat energy can be converted when the swing arm piston 14 rotates to the exhaust port 118, exhaust gas emissions are reduced, and noise emissions are reduced.
Based on the technical scheme, the engine can be further improved to adapt to medium-high speed operation. The compression cylinder wall 115 is further provided with an air intake and pressure relief opening 1152, the air intake and pressure relief opening 1152 is provided with an air intake and pressure relief valve 1153, the air intake and pressure relief valve 1153 is a pressure relief valve, and the air intake and pressure relief opening 1152 is provided on a path from the air intake to the outlet of the second rotary table 12. When the engine requires a higher rotational speed, the amount of charge is increased, closing the charge and discharge 1152; when operating at low speed, the air intake and pressure relief valve 1153 is opened to reduce the amount of air compression and reduce the air compression resistance.
The pressure storage valve 116 comprises a valve body 1161 and a piston rod 1162, a spring seat 1163 and a valve head 1164 are respectively arranged at the end part of the piston rod 1162, a sealing piston 1165 is arranged in the middle of the piston rod 1162, the valve head 1164 is arranged at one end of the valve body 1161 connected with a working cylinder, a fixed baffle ring 1166 is arranged in the valve body 1161 along the section of the valve body 1161, the fixed baffle ring 1166 is arranged between the sealing piston 1165 and the spring seat 1163, a second elastic element 1167 is arranged between the fixed baffle ring 1166 and the spring seat 1163, an air inlet pipe 1168 is arranged in the middle of the valve body 1161, the air inlet pipe 1168 is arranged between the valve head 1164 and the sealing piston 1165, and the air inlet pipe 1168 and the air outlet 120 of the compression cylinder are communicated through a pipeline. The piston rod 1162 is pushed to push into the working cylinder by the action of external force on the spring seat 1163, so that the valve head 1164 and the working cylinder form an opened gap, meanwhile, the oil spray nozzle 1169 sprays oil mist, air compressed by the compression cylinder flows into the air inlet pipe 1168 from the air outlet 120 of the compression cylinder, and the compressed air and the oil mist enter the working cylinder together.
Referring to fig. 1, a compressed air delivery system is disposed between an air inlet pipe 1168 and an air outlet 120 of a compressed air cylinder, the compressed air delivery system includes an engine oil interception device 21 for filtering engine oil and an acceleration air storage tank 22 for assisting air filling, the engine oil interception device 21 includes a tank body, an opening is disposed at the bottom of the tank body, a float valve is disposed at the opening, and the float valve includes a float head with buoyancy and a plug capable of plugging the opening. When the compressed air mixed with engine oil reaches the tank from the air outlet 120 of the compression cylinder, the engine oil is deposited on the wall of the tank due to the impact of the mixed air, and the air flows to the air inlet pipe 1168 through the opening at the upper part of the tank. When the oil at the bottom of the tank is too much to be precipitated, the floating head is lifted due to the action of the floating force, so that the opening is opened by the plug, and the oil is discharged in time. The accelerating air storage tank 22 is arranged between the tank body and the air inlet pipe 1168, a one-way valve capable of controlling the opening and closing is arranged at the outlet of the accelerating air storage tank 22, and when the engine needs a higher rotating speed to increase the use amount of air, the air in the accelerating air storage tank 22 can enter the air inlet pipe 1168 together with the compressed air from the compressed air cylinder.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a gas distribution chamber 3 is provided at a side of a working cylinder or a side of a compression cylinder, the gas distribution chamber 3 includes a housing 31 and a cam 32, the cam 32 is provided inside the housing 31, the cam 32 is connected to a rotating shaft 1 in a transmission manner, the cam 32 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1 through a spline, a third protrusion 33 is provided on a circumferential surface of the cam 32, the cam 32 is provided with a curved surface buffer corresponding to the third protrusion 33 along a dotted line, and the curved surface buffer functions to eliminate abrasion and noise generated by the impact of a valve head 1164 with a valve tube 1161 when the pressure storage valve 116 is closed. The top of the shell 31 is provided with a hydraulic transmission mechanism; the hydraulic transmission mechanism comprises a hydraulic pipe 34 with a closed top end, the bottom end of the hydraulic pipe 34 is connected with a shell 31, a hydraulic rod 35 is arranged in the hydraulic pipe 34, a hydraulic piston 351 is arranged at the top end of the hydraulic rod 35, a rotating wheel 352 corresponding to the third bulge 33 is rotatably connected at the bottom end of the hydraulic rod 35, a pressure release channel 36 which is communicated with the outside from the middle part of the hydraulic pipe 34 to the top end of the hydraulic pipe 34 is arranged in the wall of the hydraulic pipe 34, an annular groove 353 corresponding to the pressure release channel 36 is arranged along the peripheral surface of the hydraulic piston 351, a communicating pipe 37 is connected at the upper end of the hydraulic pipe 34, the communicating pipe 37 and a valve pipe body 1161 are sequentially communicated, a pushing device 38 for pushing a spring seat 1163 is arranged at the joint of the communicating pipe 37 and the valve pipe body 1161, a hydraulic fluid medium is filled between the pushing device 38 and a passage of the hydraulic piston 351, the hydraulic pipe 34 is hydraulic oil, the top end of the hydraulic pipe 34 is provided with a one-way supplementary valve 39, and the one-way supplementary valve 39 is a one-way valve. The pressure in the hydraulic line can be reduced by the relief passage 36 when the hydraulic piston is in communication with it, and the hydraulic oil can be replenished by the one-way replenishment valve 39 when a negative pressure occurs in the hydraulic circuit, which requires replenishment of the hydraulic oil.
Working principle of the air distribution chamber 3: when the rotating shaft 1 drives the cam 32 to rotate, the third protrusion 33 contacts with the rotating wheel 352, the hydraulic rod 35 generates thrust to the hydraulic pipe 34, hydraulic oil in the communicating pipe 37 acts on the pushing device 38, the pushing device 38 acts on the spring seat 1163, and the specific structure of the pushing device 38 is as follows: comprises a cylinder fixed on a communication pipeline 37, a pin capable of moving along the axial direction of the cylinder is arranged in the middle of the cylinder, and the pin is connected with a spring seat 1163. When the hydraulic oil in the communication pipe 37 pushes the plunger, the plunger pushes the spring seat 1163.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, a piston sealing strip 1411 is arranged at the edge of the working end 141, and the piston sealing strip 1411 is arranged on the side surface of the swing arm piston 14; the edge along the side of first carousel 11, the edge of second carousel 12 side are equipped with carousel side sealing ring 123 respectively, and carousel side sealing ring 123 is convex, and the head end and the work end 141 in close contact of carousel side sealing ring 123 are equipped with the spring respectively between the end of carousel side sealing ring 123 and first carousel 11, the second carousel 12 in order to improve sealed effect. Springs are respectively arranged between the contact surfaces of the turntable side sealing ring 123 and the first turntable 11 and between the contact surfaces of the second turntable for improving the sealing effect. The opening 121 of the turntable is provided with an opening sealing strip 124 corresponding to the curved surface of the working end 141, and springs are respectively arranged between the opening sealing strip 124 and the first turntable 11 and the second turntable 12 for improving the sealing effect. The first bulge 1141 and the second bulge 1151 are respectively provided with a cylinder sealing strip 1142, each cylinder sealing strip 1142 is respectively embedded in the working cylinder wall 114 and the compression cylinder wall 115, a third elastic element 1143 is arranged between each cylinder sealing strip 1142 and the working cylinder and the compression cylinder respectively for enabling the cylinder sealing strips 1142 to be respectively clung to the peripheral surfaces of the first rotary disc 11 and the second rotary disc 12, and the third elastic element 1143 is a spring. In the whole sealing process, all the abrasion surfaces can be effectively compensated, and the sealing effect is greatly improved due to balanced abrasion, the abrasion limit is greatly improved, and the friction resistance is correspondingly reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 12, the bottom ends of the compression cylinder and the working cylinder are provided with an oil tank 41, oil return grooves 42 are respectively arranged in the compression cylinder side wall 113, the working cylinder side wall 112 and the shared cylinder side wall 111, two circular arc-shaped oil scraping strips 43 are respectively arranged on the side surface of the first rotary disk 11 and the side surface of the second rotary disk 12, the head ends of the oil scraping strips 43 are respectively close to the edge of the first rotary disk 11 and the edge of the second rotary disk 12, and the tail ends of the oil scraping strips 43 are respectively close to the center of the first rotary disk 11 and the center of the second rotary disk 12 and correspond to the oil return grooves 42 to form a passage; the engine oil enters the swing arm piston 14, the first rotary table 11 and the second rotary table 12 along an oil path shown by a dotted line through the rotating shaft 1, the first rotary table 11 and the second rotary table 12 enable the engine oil to lubricate the contact surface between the side surface of the first rotary table 11 and the working cylinder in the rotating process, the contact surface between the side surface of the second rotary table 12 and the compression cylinder collects the lubricated engine oil to the oil return groove 42 through the oil scraping bar 43 and flows to the oil tank 41.
Referring to fig. 1, preferably, an oil return groove 42 of the compression cylinder wall 112 communicates with the distribution chamber 3 to lubricate the cam 32 and other components in the distribution chamber 3, and the oil return groove 42 flows back into the oil tank 41 after passing through the distribution chamber.
An S-shaped swing arm lubrication groove 44 is provided in the swing arm piston 14, and the head end of the swing arm lubrication groove 44 extends to the rear end of the working end 141, and the rear end of the working end 141 refers to the side end of the swing arm piston 14, which is located between the hinge end 142 and the working end 141, so that the head end of the swing arm lubrication groove 44 is prevented from entering the combustion area of the working cylinder, and at the same time, the working cylinder wall 114 can be lubricated. The tail end of the swing arm lubrication groove 44 extends to the hinge joint of the swing arm piston 14, and the head end of the oil scraping bar 43, the hinge joint of the swing arm piston 14 and the rotating shaft 1 are sequentially communicated through oil ways respectively; during rotation of the swing arm piston 14, the "S" shaped swing arm lubrication groove 44 acts through the "S" shaped hinge to lubricate the swing arm piston 14 and the working cylinder wall 114.
The surface of the cylinder wall 114 is provided with an oil return path 45 along the lower side of the first boss 1141 to the oil tank 41, and the oil return path 45 is used for recovering the lubricating oil of the contact surface of the first rotary disk 11 with the cylinder to the oil tank 41.
Referring to fig. 10, the oil return path 45 includes a plurality of V-shaped oil paths 451, the V-shaped oil paths 451 are provided on the surface of the cylinder wall 114, the V-shaped head ends of the V-shaped oil paths 451 extend to the cylinder side wall 112 and the cylinder side wall 111, respectively, and the V-shaped bottom ends of the V-shaped oil paths 451 are sequentially communicated through the oil paths. Since the oil between the swing arm piston 14 and the compression cylinder cannot be recovered on the compression cylinder wall 115, the oil and the compressed air enter the pressure storage valve 116 through the compression cylinder air outlet 120, and the compressed air is filtered by the oil interceptor 21.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the rotating shaft 1 is rotated by external force to drive the second rotary table 12 to rotate, the compression cylinder completes the process of compressing air in the process of rotating the second rotary table 12, and external air can enter the compression cylinder through the compression cylinder air inlet 119 while compressing air, and the compressed air enters the air inlet pipe 1168 from the compression cylinder air outlet 120 through the engine oil interception device 21; meanwhile, under the action of the cam 32, the valve head 1164 opens the pressure storage valve 116 and the oil spray nozzle 1169 sprays oil mist, the oil mist and the compressed air enter the working cylinder together, after the pressure storage valve 116 is closed, the oil mist and the compressed air are in the closed space of the working cylinder, the closed space formed by the swing arm piston 14 and the working cylinder at the moment is a combustion chamber, after the ignition of the spark plug 117, the swing arm piston 14 is pushed to rotate due to the high pressure generated by the combustion moment of fuel oil, when the swing arm piston 14 rotates to the exhaust port 118, the closed space formed by the swing arm piston 14 and the working cylinder at the moment is a working chamber, and after the exhaust gas in the working cylinder is exhausted through the exhaust port 118, the swing arm piston 14 rotates to the initial position, so that a rotation period is completed.
The fuel injector 1169 cannot be provided in the accumulator valve 116 when the fuel is diesel, may be provided in the vicinity of the spark plug 117, i.e., on the cylinder wall 114, and must be provided in the combustion chamber.
The line connecting the rotation center of the rotating wheel 352 and the rotation center of the cam 32 forms an angle a with the hydraulic rod 34, and the larger the angle a, the shorter the closing time of the pressure storage valve 116, the longer the opening time, and the longer the opening time. Because the pressure-storage valve 116 may exhibit a combustion chamber initial pressure drop at a later stage of closing, the action of the pressure-storage valve 116 is suitable for slow-opening and quick-closing to reduce the occurrence of the depressurization phenomenon. At high rotational speeds, the ignition of the spark plug is suitably advanced when the combustion chamber is before formation, i.e., when the accumulator valve 116 is fully closed.
In this cycle, the volume ratio of the combustion chamber to the working chamber is above 1:30, whereas reciprocating piston engines only have 1:8 to 1:11, for example, the post-exhaust pressure may reach 0.5MPa when the highest post-combustion pressure of the reciprocating piston engine is 4.5 MPa. The highest pressure of the engine after combustion is 4.5MPa, the exhaust pressure is only 0.15MPa or lower, the waste power of exhaust is only less than ten percent, and the engine has higher heat efficiency and simultaneously reduces the emission of noise.
In order to meet the working requirements under different conditions, the operation requirements of different rotation speeds can be met by controlling the gas quantity of the accelerating gas storage tank 22 entering the working cylinder, and in order to facilitate the starting of the engine, the accelerating gas storage tank 22 can be preheated firstly, and in particular, an electric preheating device is arranged in the accelerating gas storage tank 22.
In order to eliminate the centrifugal force generated by the swing arm piston 14 during rotation, the swing arm piston 14 must be subjected to a balancing process. For example, this may be improved by increasing the mass of the hinged end 142, i.e., increasing the weight.
In order to increase the combustion speed of the mixture gas at medium and high speeds of the engine, it is necessary to provide two or more ignition plugs 117 for ignition, and the engine is resistant to knocking, which is more desirable.
As shown in fig. 14, XY arc is the contact surface of the piston top with the compression cylinder wall 115 and the working cylinder wall 114, Z is the hinge point of the hinge end 142, and O is the rotation center of the first rotary disk 11 and the second rotary disk 12. When the X point and the R point coincide, the generated Y point is a first Y point, and when the first X point reaches the first Y point, a second Y point is generated, and during the rotation of the swing arm piston 14, a plurality of Y points are sequentially generated, and the path formed by each Y point is the shape of the working cylinder wall 114 and the compression cylinder wall 115.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the heat efficiency is high;
2. the volume is small, and the structure is compact;
3. the structure is simple, and the maintenance is convenient;
4. the method is green and environment-friendly;
5. the acceleration is fast;
6. the torque output is uniform;
7. the vibration is small;
8. low idle speed can be achieved;
9. can be started at ultra-low speed;
10. avoiding the damage of deflagration to the engine and having long service life.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The rotary Atkinson cycle engine without the crankshaft is characterized in that: the device comprises a compression cylinder and a working cylinder, wherein a first rotary table (11) is arranged in the working cylinder, a second rotary table (12) is arranged in the compression cylinder, swing arm pistons (14) are respectively arranged on the first rotary table (11) and the second rotary table (12), and each swing arm piston (14) is respectively hinged on the first rotary table (11) and the second rotary table (12);
the working cylinder is characterized in that a first bulge (1141), a pressure storage valve (116) and a spark plug (117) are arranged on the working cylinder wall (114), the first bulge (1141) is tightly attached to the peripheral surface of the first rotating disc (11) to form a seal, an exhaust port (118) is further arranged in the working cylinder, an oil nozzle (1169) is arranged in the pressure storage valve (116), and the swing arm piston (14), the first rotating disc (11) and the working cylinder can form a closed space for oil mist combustion;
the compression cylinder wall (115) is provided with a second bulge (1151), a compression cylinder air inlet (119) and a compression cylinder air outlet (120), the second bulge (1151) forms a seal with the peripheral surface of the second rotary table (12), and the compression cylinder air outlet (120) is connected with the pressure storage valve (116) through a pipeline; a pressure storage valve (116) for supplying compressed air required for combustion to the working cylinder; the pressure storage valve (116) comprises a valve tube body (1161) and a piston rod (1162), a spring seat (1163) and a valve head (1164) are respectively arranged at the end part of the piston rod (1162), and the first rotary disc (11) and the second rotary disc (12) are connected through a rotary shaft (1) to synchronously rotate;
the side of the working cylinder or the side of the compression cylinder is provided with a gas distribution chamber (3), the gas distribution chamber (3) comprises a shell (31) and a cam (32), the cam (32) is arranged in the shell (31), the cam (32) is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft (1), the peripheral surface of the cam (32) is provided with a third bulge (33), and the top of the shell (31) is provided with a hydraulic transmission mechanism; the hydraulic transmission mechanism comprises a hydraulic pipe (34) with a sealed top end, the bottom end of the hydraulic pipe (34) is connected with a shell (31), a hydraulic rod (35) is arranged in the hydraulic pipe (34), a hydraulic piston (351) is arranged at the top end of the hydraulic rod (35), a rotating wheel (352) corresponding to a third bulge (33) is connected at the bottom end of the hydraulic rod (35) in a rotating mode, a pressure release channel (36) from the middle of the hydraulic pipe (34) to the top end of the hydraulic pipe (34) and communicated with the outside is arranged in the wall of the hydraulic pipe (34), an annular groove (353) corresponding to the pressure release channel (36) is formed in the peripheral surface of the hydraulic piston (351), a communicating pipe (37) is connected at the upper end of the hydraulic pipe (34), the communicating pipe (37) and a valve pipe body (1161) are sequentially communicated, a pushing device (38) for pushing a spring seat (1163) is arranged at the joint of the communicating pipe (37) and the valve body (1161), a fluid medium is filled between the pushing device (38) and a passage of the hydraulic piston (351), and the hydraulic pipe (39) is provided with a one-way valve (39).
2. The crankless rotary atkinson cycle engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compression cylinder and the working cylinder are connected by sharing a cylinder side wall (111), and the first rotary disc (11) and the second rotary disc (12) are respectively round; the swing arm piston (14) is fan-shaped, the curved surface end of the swing arm piston (14) is a working end (141), one end, opposite to the working end (141), of the swing arm piston (14) is a hinged end (142), the hinged ends (142) are respectively hinged on the first rotary disc (11) and the second rotary disc (12), rotary disc openings (121) corresponding to the appearance of the swing arm piston (14) are respectively arranged at the end parts of the first rotary disc (11) and the second rotary disc (12) and are used for providing a rotating path for the swing arm piston (14), and first elastic elements (122) are respectively arranged at the rotary disc openings (121) and are used for enabling the swing arm piston (14) to be respectively in close contact with a working cylinder wall (114) and a compression cylinder wall (115) to form sealing; the exhaust port (118) is arranged on the working cylinder side wall (112) or the cylinder side wall (111); the swing arm piston (14) of the working cylinder is driven by the first rotating disc (11) to rotate along the direction from the working end (141) to the hinging end (142); the exhaust port (118), the first bulge (1141), the pressure storage valve (116) and the spark plug (117) are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the first rotary table (11);
the swing arm piston (14) of the compression cylinder is driven by the second rotary table (12) to rotate along the direction from the hinge end (142) to the working end (141), and the compression cylinder air outlet (120), the second bulge (1151) and the compression cylinder air inlet (119) are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the second rotary table (12).
3. The crankless rotary atkinson cycle engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the novel valve is characterized in that a sealing piston (1165) is arranged in the middle of the piston rod (1162), the valve head (1164) is arranged at one end of the valve pipe body (1161) connected with the working cylinder, a fixed baffle ring (1166) is arranged inside the valve pipe body (1161) along the section of the valve pipe body (1161), the fixed baffle ring (1166) is arranged between the sealing piston (1165) and the spring seat (1163), a second elastic element (1167) is arranged between the fixed baffle ring (1166) and the spring seat (1163), an air inlet pipe (1168) is arranged in the middle of the valve pipe body (1161), the air inlet pipe (1168) is arranged between the valve head (1164) and the sealing piston (1165), and the air inlet (1168) of the air inlet pipe (120) of the compression cylinder is communicated through a pipeline.
4. A crankless rotary atkinson cycle engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: a compressed air conveying system is arranged between the air inlet pipe (1168) and the air outlet (120) of the compressed air cylinder and comprises an engine oil interception device (21) for filtering engine oil and an accelerating air storage tank (22) for assisting in air filling.
5. The crankless rotary atkinson cycle engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the edge of the working end (141) is provided with a piston sealing strip (1411), and the piston sealing strip (1411) is arranged on the side surface of the swing arm piston (14); a turntable side sealing ring (123) is respectively arranged along the edge of the side surface of the first turntable (11) and the edge of the side surface of the second turntable (12), and the turntable side sealing ring (123) is arc-shaped;
the rotary table is characterized in that an opening sealing strip (124) corresponding to the curved surface of the working end (141) is arranged at the rotary table opening (121), cylinder sealing strips (1142) are respectively arranged at the first bulge (1141) and the second bulge (1151), each cylinder sealing strip (1142) is respectively embedded into the working cylinder wall (114) and the compression cylinder wall (115), and a third elastic element (1143) is arranged between each cylinder sealing strip (1142) and the working cylinder and the compression cylinder respectively so as to enable the cylinder sealing strips (1142) to be respectively clung to the circumferential surfaces of the first rotary table (11) and the second rotary table (12).
6. The crankless rotary atkinson cycle engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom ends of the compression cylinder and the working cylinder are provided with oil tanks (41), oil return grooves (42) are respectively arranged in the side wall (113) of the compression cylinder, the side wall (112) of the working cylinder and the side wall (111) of the shared cylinder, two circular arc-shaped oil scraping strips (43) are respectively arranged on the side surface of the first rotary table (11) and the side surface of the second rotary table (12), the head end of each oil scraping strip (43) is respectively close to the edge of the first rotary table (11) and the edge of the second rotary table (12), and the tail end of each oil scraping strip (43) is respectively close to the center of the first rotary table (11) and the center of the second rotary table (12) and corresponds to the oil return grooves (42) to form a passage;
an S-shaped swing arm lubrication groove (44) is formed in the swing arm piston (14), the head end of the swing arm lubrication groove (44) extends to the rear end of the working end (141), the tail end of the swing arm lubrication groove (44) extends to the hinged position of the swing arm piston (14), and the head end of the oil scraping bar (43), the hinged position of the swing arm piston (14) and the rotating shaft (1) are sequentially communicated through oil ways respectively;
an oil return path (45) is arranged from the lower part of the first bulge (1141) to the oil tank (41) on the surface of the working cylinder wall (114).
7. The crankless rotary atkinson cycle engine of claim 6, characterized in that: the oil return path (45) comprises a plurality of V-shaped oil paths (451), the V-shaped oil paths (451) are arranged on the surface of the cylinder wall (114) of the working cylinder, the V-shaped head ends of the V-shaped oil paths (451) respectively extend to the side wall (112) of the working cylinder and the side wall (111) of the working cylinder, and the V-shaped bottom ends of the V-shaped oil paths (451) are sequentially communicated through the oil paths.
8. The crankless rotary atkinson cycle engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compression cylinder wall (115) is further provided with an air inlet pressure relief opening (1152), the air inlet pressure relief opening (1152) is provided with an air inlet pressure relief valve (1153), and the air inlet pressure relief opening (1152) is arranged on a path from an air inlet to an air outlet of the second rotary table (12).
9. The crankless rotary atkinson cycle engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compressed air cylinder air outlet (120) is provided with an air outlet control valve (1201).
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