WO2006069503A1

WO2006069503A1 - Multiple-combustion chamber two-stroke engine

Info

Publication number: WO2006069503A1
Application number: PCT/CN2005/000567
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yamin Liu
Original assignee: Yamin Liu
Priority date: 2004-12-31
Filing date: 2005-04-25
Publication date: 2006-07-06

Abstract

The invention relates to a multiple-combustion chamber two-stroke engine. An exhaust hole(13) is provided in a combustion chamber casing(15), a combustion chamber rotor (9) is provided evenly with two or more than two combustion chambers in the circumference thereof the combustion chamber rotor(9) is provided radially with an exhaust passage(10), a bottom portion of the cylinder (4) is sealed at one end of a guide piston rod(5), a one-way intaking hole and a oneway discharging hole are provided at the lower portion of the cylinder(4), and a gas-storing pipe (18) is provided between the one-way discharging hole and the intaking hole(16) in the combustion chamber casing(15). The engine according to the invention can discharge the exhausted gas completely and operate smoothly, and be compact in structure, small in bulk, light in weight and low in cost and so on. The engine can be made to be either a single cylinder engine or a multiple cylinder engine, and operate with various fuels such as gasoline, diesel etc. The engine according to the invention can be used widely, especially can be applicable to power machine such as vehicle, tractor and motorcycle etc.

Description

Multi-combustion two-stroke engine

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, and in particular relates to a multi-combustion two-stroke engine. Background technique

Two-stroke engines and four-stroke engines have been widely used as power machines for many years. The advantage of the two-stroke engine is that it completes one working cycle per revolution of the crankshaft. It works once, has a simple structure and is convenient to use and maintain. The disadvantage is that there is no special intake and exhaust stroke, and the ventilation process is short and does not exceed 150° crank angle; In addition, the process of entering and exhausting is almost simultaneous. The new air is used to sweep off the exhaust gas, and the air exchange is not complete. Not only the new gas loss is more, but also the exhaust gas is not easily removed, which directly affects the working stability of the engine. And work efficiency. Therefore, improving the ventilation mode of the two-stroke engine has become an important issue. Compared with the two-stroke engine, the four-stroke engine has the advantages of special intake and exhaust strokes, and the ventilation can be improved. The disadvantage is that the structure is cumbersome and complicated. The piston needs four strokes and the crankshaft rotates two. The circle completes a work cycle, doing a work, and working inefficiently. Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-combustion two-stroke engine having a separate intake stroke and a separate exhaust stroke, with more thorough ventilation and higher work efficiency. The work is smooth, compact, small in size and light in weight.

The main technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-combustion two-stroke engine comprising a cylinder, a piston and a crank-link mechanism thereof, a cooling device, a lubricating device, a fuel supply and a combustion ignition device, characterized by a cylinder top and a combustion chamber rotor The outer combustion chamber shell is connected, and the combustion chamber shell is provided with an exhaust port. The combustion chamber rotor circumference is provided with more than two (including two) combustion chambers, and the combustion chamber rotor is radially provided with a cylinder and an exhaust gas. The exhaust duct of the mouth is connected, the bottom of the cylinder of the piston guide rod is sealed, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with a one-way air inlet and a one-way air outlet, and a one-way control inlet and outlet mechanism, one-way air outlet An air storage pipe is arranged between the air inlet of the combustion chamber casing, and a timing matching mechanical transmission mechanism is provided between the crank connecting rod mechanism and the combustion chamber rotor. The combustion chamber may be in the form of a sphere or a shallow box or the like. The timing transmission between the crank link mechanism and the combustion chamber rotor can be a gear transmission, a chain drive or a synchronous toothed belt drive.

The ratio of the above-mentioned gas storage tube volume to the volume of a single combustion chamber is about 1: 1-8 times, which is a preferred preferred value.

Preferably, the rotor circumference of the combustion chamber is preferably 2-4 combustion chambers, and the combustion rotor is provided with 2-4 exhaust ducts communicating with the exhaust port in the radial direction of the combustion chamber rotor. Its structure is simple and applicable.

The above cooling device may be configured such that a fan is disposed at one end of the cooling air passage provided on the rotor of the combustion chamber, and the fan body is fixed to the rotor of the combustion chamber. Water cooling and other structures can also be used.

The lubricating device structure may be: the oil pump is connected to a pipeline between the oil injection ports provided on the combustion chamber casing, the lubricating oil channel is disposed on the surface of the rotor corresponding to the oil injection port, and the oil injection port is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder. The other end of the oil injection port is connected to the oil check valve and It is connected to the pipeline between the oil pump.

The above lubricating device structure may also be: The oil pump is controlled by the oil flow rate and is connected to the pipeline provided with the intake check valve.

The one-way controlled inlet and outlet mechanism of the one-way air inlet and the one-way air outlet at the bottom of the cylinder may be: a one-way valve is provided on the one-way air inlet and the one-way air outlet.

The one-way control inlet and outlet mechanism of the one-way air inlet and the one-way air outlet at the bottom of the cylinder may also be: The inlet and outlet control devices at the lower end of the cylinder are a rotary valve, and the valve core of the valve is provided with The gas passage and the outlet passage, the axes of the intake passage and the outlet passage are approximately perpendicular to each other, and a timing transmission device is arranged between the valve core and the rotor and the crankshaft, and the gas storage pipe is connected with the gas outlet pipe of the inlet and outlet control devices. The channels are connected.

In order to enhance the lubricating effect, the above piston guide rod is provided with a drain groove at one end of the piston. In order to make the work more stable, a sliding plug is arranged at the lower part of the piston guiding rod below the sealing partition plate, and a guiding sleeve is arranged outside the sliding plug (to reduce the resistance, the guiding sleeve upper cavity is not a sealing structure), the guiding sleeve and the machine The shelves are connected. The following mechanisms may also be provided: a slider and a guide rail may be disposed between the piston guide rod and the connecting rod, the guide rail is disposed at a lower portion of the sealing partition, the lower end of the piston guide rod is fixed with the slider, and the connecting rod and the slider are hinged.

In order to further increase the compression ratio, the above-mentioned sliding plug, guide sleeve and sealing partition can form a gas-tight structure, and an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole and a one-way inlet and outlet air control mechanism thereof are arranged on the upper part of the guide sleeve, and the one-way outlet is provided. The air hole is connected with the gas storage pipe, and the lower part of the guide sleeve is provided with an oil drain structure.

In order to adapt to the different working conditions of the engine, the upper part of the guiding sleeve may be provided with a valve that can communicate with the atmosphere. When the valve is closed, the guiding sleeve portion can exert a pressurizing effect; when the valve is opened, the supercharging effect is lost. The positive effect of the invention is: the intake and compression strokes are completed in the cylinder below the piston, and the compressed air or mixed gas is stored in the gas storage pipe, and the exhaust and work strokes are completed in the cylinder above the piston; The exhaust gas is simultaneously carried out in the mutually isolated combustion chamber and the exhaust duct of the rotor. Therefore, there is no problem of loss of fresh air and exhaust gas exhaustion, and its intake and exhaust stroke exceeds 360° crank angle, and four strokes. The engine's intake and exhaust strokes are similar. With the same fuel consumption and equivalent power output, the present invention can work as stable as a four-stroke engine, and its weight and manufacturing cost is one-third less than that of a four-stroke engine. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of thorough ventilation, high working efficiency, relatively stable work, compact structure, small volume, light weight, low cost, etc.; can be made into a single cylinder machine or a multi-cylinder machine; A variety of fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, etc.; a wide range of applications, especially suitable for supporting power machinery such as cars, tractors and motorcycles. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a gasoline engine according to the present invention; and FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an engine combustion rotor of FIG.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of A - A of Figure 2;

4 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a diesel engine according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of three combustion chambers;

Figure 6 is a partial structural view showing an embodiment of a cylinder head and a rotor portion of a combustion chamber of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of a shaft measurement of a multi-cylinder machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; 8 is a schematic diagram of a five-axis measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a front view of the valve body of the rotary valve of the engine shown in Figure 8; Figure 10 is a partial structural view of the sixth embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic front view showing the structure of a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the open liquid cooling of the rotor;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a closed liquid cooling structure of the rotor;

Figure 14 is a schematic view of the hermetic structure of the spool, the guide sleeve and the sealing diaphragm.

Reference numeral

1, guide rail 2, slider 3, intake check valve

4, cylinder 5, guide rod 6, piston

7. Combustion chamber casing oil injection port 8. Oil pipeline

9. Rotor 10, exhaust duct 11 ' . Cooling medium ϋ

12, the combustion chamber 1 3, the exhaust port 14, the lubricating oil channel

15, the combustion chamber shell 16, the air inlet 17, the igniter

18, gas storage pipe 19, communication port 20, air outlet check valve 1, sealing partition 22, connecting rod 23, crankshaft

4. Lubricating oil tank 25, oil injection port 26, injector

7, venting holes 28 , , guide sleeve 29 , sliding plug

0, oil flow control valve 31, fan 32, synchronous toothed belt 3, drain groove 34, timing gear pay 35 . , spool

6. Intake passage 37, outlet passage 38, and communication valve detailed description

The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but is not intended to limit the invention.

As shown, the present invention comprises a body, a crank-link mechanism, a cooling system, a supply system, and a lubrication system, wherein the body further includes a cylinder 4 and a cylinder head, that is, a combustion chamber casing 15, and the crank-link mechanism further includes an inlet and a row. The air pipe, the lubrication system also includes an oil pump. The gist of the present invention is that a cylindrical combustion chamber rotor 9 is mounted on the combustion chamber casing 15, and a plurality of combustion chambers 12 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotor 9. The number of the combustion chambers 12 is preferably selected between two and four, and the combustion chamber 12 is selected. The shape may be a spherical shape or a shallow basin shape or the like, and its shape may be the same as or similar to that of the prior art combustion chamber. The timing transmission between the rotor 9 and the crankshaft 23 can be a gear drive, a chain drive or a synchronous toothed belt 32 drive. The transmission ratio therebetween is determined by the number of combustion chambers 12 provided on the rotor 9. For example, when there are two combustion chambers on the rotor 9, the transmission ratio between the rotor 9 and the crankshaft 23 is 1:2, that is, the rotor 9 turns one. The crankshaft 23 turns two turns. Similarly, when the combustion chambers on the rotor 9 are three, the transmission ratio between the rotor 9 and the crankshaft 23 is 1:3, and so on.

The exhaust duct 10 of the present invention is disposed on the rotor along the rotor 9, and the combustor casing 15 is provided with an exhaust port 13 corresponding to the exhaust duct 10 and a communication port 19 with the cylinder 4. The shape of the exhaust duct 10 should be determined according to the number of combustion chambers 12 on the rotor 9, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, when the number of combustion chambers 12 on the rotor 9 is two, the exhaust duct 10 is "one". X-shaped; when the number of combustion chambers 12 on the rotor 9 is three, the exhaust duct 10 is radial as shown in FIG. 5; when the number of combustion chambers 12 on the rotor 9 is four, the exhaust duct 10 is "ten" Glyph.

The lower end of the cylinder 4 of the invention is provided with inlet and outlet control devices, and a sealing partition 21, gas The inner wall of the lower end of the cylinder 4 is provided with a lubricating oil groove 24 at intervals, the oil injection port 25 may be disposed at the lower end of the cylinder 4, and the other end of the oil injection port 25 is connected in series with the oil check valve, and is connected with the oil pump pipe. A unidirectionally wide 3 line is connected to an oil flow control valve 30, as shown in Fig. 4, so that the metered oil can enter the lower portion of the cylinder 4 along with fresh air. As shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the intake and exhaust control devices may be an intake check valve 3 and an air outlet check valve 20. The inlet and outlet control device may be a rotary valve. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the valve spool 35 of the valve is provided with an intake passage 36 and an outlet passage 37. The axes of the intake passage 36 and the outlet passage 37 are approximately perpendicular to each other. A timing transmission device is disposed between the spool 35 and the rotor 9 and the crankshaft 23. The air reservoir 18 is connected to the air outlet passage 37. When the piston of the present invention moves upward from the bottom dead center, the intake passage 36 conducts the air or mixed gas line to the cylinder, and the outlet passage 37 is in the cut state. When the piston descends from the top dead center, the air outlet passage 37 conducts the cylinder and the air reservoir 18, and at this time, the intake passage 36 is in the cut state.

The gas storage pipe 18 of the present invention is connected between the air inlet 16 and the air outlet single-way valve 20 on the combustion chamber casing 15, the piston 6 is fixed to the guide rod 5, and the guide rod 5 is provided with a drain groove 33 near the piston 6 end, which is longitudinally The guide transmission device between the guide rod 5 and the connecting rod 22 of the partition plate 21 can be guided by the guide rail 1 and the slider 2 as shown in Fig. 1. The guide rail 1 is disposed at the lower portion of the sealing partition 21, and the lower end of the guide rod 5 is sliding. Block 2 is fixed and link 22 is hinged to slider 2. When the piston 6 is moved to the bottom dead center, the excess oil at the bottom of the cylinder 4 is discharged through the drain tank 33 through the sealing partition 21, and is sprayed onto the guide rail 1 and the slider 2 to be lubricated. The oil at the bottom of the cylinder 4 has the effect of cooling the piston 6. The guide rails may be in various structural forms in the prior art such as "T" rails or dovetail rails. It can also be in the form of the structure shown in Figure 4, that is, the guide sleeve 28, the spool 29 To the transmission, the guide sleeve 28 is disposed at the lower portion of the sealing partition 21, the guide rod 5 is fixed to the spool 29, the connecting rod 22 is hinged to the spool 29, and the damper 29 is provided with a venting hole 27 to reduce air resistance.

The oil pump of the lubricating system is connected to the pipe 8 between the oil injection ports 7 provided in the combustion chamber casing 15, and the lubricating oil passage 14 is provided on the surface of the rotor 9 corresponding to the oil injection port 7, and is disposed at the lower end of the cylinder 4. The oil injection port 25 (shown in Figure 1) is in communication with the oil pump.

The above cooling system can adopt the liquid cooling method or the air cooling method in the prior art, and the liquid cooling includes both open type and closed type. It comprises a cooling medium passage 1 provided on the rotor 9 of the combustion chamber. A centrifugal fan 31 can be arranged at one end of the passage 11. The fan 31 body is fixed to the rotor body 9, as shown in Fig. 6. The rotor 9 can also be cooled by liquid, that is, the open liquid cooling shown in Fig. 12, the liquid is shown by the arrow through the cooling medium passage 11 of the rotor 9, or the closed liquid cooling shown in Fig. 13, and the liquid is pressed by the arrow. A cooling medium passage 11 flowing through the rotor 9 is shown.

When the invention is a gasoline engine, an igniter 17 can be provided at the proximal communication port 19 of the cylinder head 15. When the machine is a diesel engine, the injector 26 can be provided at the position of the igniter 17, as shown in Fig. 4. It is also possible to design the igniter 17 and the injector 26 as shown in FIG. The ignition system and fuel supply system of the present invention are all prior art. It can be supplied by the carburetor, the fuel injection at the inlet or the fuel injected in the combustion chamber, as shown in Figure 10.

The working condition of the combustion chamber rotor 9 of the engine is poor, so it should be made of a metal material resistant to heat and corrosion. In order to reduce the inertial force of the reciprocating motion of the piston 6, the piston 6 is designed to be thinner and configured with a plurality of gas rings and oil rings. The guide rod 5 can also adopt a hollow structure.

Referring to Figure 7, when the present invention is a multi-cylinder machine, the axle of the synchronous toothed belt 32 is Timing gears 34 are provided between the rotors of the combustion chamber.

The working process of the present invention is as follows: Taking two combustion chambers 12 on the rotor 9 as an example, the transmission ratio between the rotor 9 and the crankshaft 23 is 1:2, that is, the rotor 9 is rotated one turn of the crankshaft 23 turns two turns. When the piston 6 in the cylinder is operated from the top dead center to the bottom dead center under the guidance of the cylindrical guide rod 5, the air intake one-way valve 3 is closed while the air outlet check valve 20 is opened, and the air or mixed gas under the piston passes. The outlet check valve 20 is compressed into the gas storage tube 18, during which a rotary combustion chamber 12 is rotated through the inlet port 16, and compressed air or mixed gas enters the combustion chamber 12. When the piston is operated upward from the bottom dead center, the one-way valve 20 is closed while the one-way wide 3 is opened, and the air or mixed gas enters the cylinder below the piston through the intake check valve 3, and the rotating exhaust duct 10 is rotated at this time. The two end openings respectively pass through the communication port 19 and the exhaust port 13 of the combustor casing 15, and the high-temperature exhaust gas above the piston 6 is discharged outside the cylinder through the communication port 19, the exhaust duct 10 and the exhaust port 13. When the piston 6 ascends to the vicinity of the top dead center, the fresh air combustion chamber 12 is ignited by the igniter 17 to generate high temperature and high pressure gas, and the high temperature and high pressure gas directly acts on the piston 6 through the communication port 19 at the top of the cylinder, pushing the piston 6 down. At the same time, the compression piston 6 enters the lower air or mixed gas into the gas storage pipe 18 during the ascending period, and the other combustion chamber 12 discharges the residual high pressure exhaust gas through the exhaust port 13 to prepare for the next working cycle.

Further explanation on the volume of the gas storage pipeline: the compression ratio is one of the important indexes of the engine performance. The rotary combustion chamber two-stroke engine increases the pipeline volume between the cylinder working volume and the combustion chamber volume, but the pipeline volume does not affect the compression ratio. . The size of the compression ratio still depends on the ratio of the combustion chamber volume to the cylinder working volume, regardless of the pipe volume. The reason is that if the working volume is 10 volumes of gas, the rotating combustion chamber and the pipe volume are each 1 In the case of a volume, the engine is compressed into the pipe and the combustion chamber during the first working cycle.

With 10 volumes of gas, plus one volume in the combustion chamber and the pipe, there are 6 volumes in the combustion chamber and the pipe, and 6 volumes in the pipe. In the second working cycle, 10 volumes are compressed into the pipeline, plus the remaining 6 volumes in the previous pipeline total 16 volumes, then the gas entering the combustion chamber in the second cycle will be 8 volumes, inside the pipeline. Reserve 8 volumes. By analogy, the gas entering the combustion chamber in the third cycle will be 9 individual products. Within a few working cycles, the gas entering the combustion chamber will quickly approach or reach 11 volumes, which is a 10:1 compression ratio, but will not exceed 10:1. Therefore, the pipe volume is independent of the compression ratio, and the volume of the pipe only affects the time in the combustion chamber to reach a predetermined compression ratio. In general, the volume of the pipeline is large, and the number of duty cycles required to achieve a predetermined compression ratio is greater, and vice versa.

Claims

Rights request

1. A multi-combustion two-stroke engine comprising a cylinder (4), a piston (6) and a crank-link mechanism thereof, a cooling device, a lubricating device, a fuel supply and a combustion ignition device, characterized in that the cylinder (4) is at the top The combustion chamber casing (15) outside the combustion chamber rotor (9) is communicated through the communication port (19), and the combustion chamber casing (15) is provided with a venting hole (13), and the combustion chamber rotor (9) is uniformly distributed around the circumference 2 More than one combustion chamber (12), the combustion chamber rotor (9) is provided with an exhaust duct (10) for connecting the cylinder (4) and the exhaust port (13) in the radial direction, and the piston guide rod (5)-end The bottom of the cylinder (4) is sealed, and the bottom of the cylinder (4) is provided with a one-way air inlet and a one-way air outlet, and a one-way control inlet and outlet mechanism, a one-way air outlet and a combustion chamber casing ( 15) An air storage pipe (18) is arranged between the upper air inlets (16), and a timing matching mechanical transmission mechanism is arranged between the crank connecting rod mechanism and the combustion chamber rotor (9).

2. A multiple combustion chamber two-stroke engine according to claim 1 wherein said ratio of said gas storage tube (18) volume to a single combustion chamber volume is about 1: 1-8 times.

3. A multiple combustion chamber two-stroke engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber rotor (9) has a circumference of 2-4 combustion chambers (12) and a radial direction of the combustion chamber rotor (9). There are 2-4 exhaust ducts (10) that communicate with each other to connect the cylinder (4) to the exhaust port (13).

4. The multi-combustion two-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device is configured to: a fan (31) is provided at one end of the cooling air passage (11) provided on the combustion chamber rotor (9). ), the fan (31) body is fixed on the combustion chamber rotor (9).

5. The multiple combustion chamber two-stroke engine of claim 1 wherein The lubricating device structure is as follows: The oil pump is connected to the pipeline provided with the intake check valve (3) through the oil flow control valve (30).

6. The multi-combustion two-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein the one-way air inlet of the bottom of the cylinder (4) and the one-way control of the one-way air inlet and outlet mechanism are The inlet and outlet control device at the lower end of the cylinder (4) is a rotary valve. The valve core (35) of the door is provided with an intake passage (36) and an outlet passage (37), an intake passage (36) and an outlet passage ( 37) The axes are approximately perpendicular to each other, the spool (35) and the rotor

(9) A timing transmission is arranged between the crankshaft (23), and the gas storage pipe (18) is connected to the outlet end of the inlet and outlet control devices, and the gas storage pipe (18) is connected to the gas outlet passage (37).

The multiple-combustion two-stroke engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston guide (5) is provided with a drain groove (33) at one end of the piston (6).

8. A multiple combustion chamber two-stroke engine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that a lower portion of the piston guide (5) below the sealing partition (21) is provided The sliding plug (29)) is provided with a guiding sleeve (28) outside the sliding plug (29), and the guiding sleeve (28) is connected with the frame.

9. The multiple-combustion two-stroke engine of claim 8 wherein said spool (29), guide sleeve (28) and sealing diaphragm (21) form a hermetic structure, guide sleeve (28) The upper part is provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole and a one-way inlet and outlet air control mechanism, the one-way air outlet hole and the gas storage pipe (18) are connected, and the lower part of the guide sleeve (28) is provided with an oil drain structure.

A multiple combustion chamber two-stroke engine according to claim 9, wherein said guide sleeve (28) is provided with a communication valve (38) in communication with the atmosphere.