CN2727412Y

CN2727412Y - Rotary two-stroke engine with multi combustion chambers

Info

Publication number: CN2727412Y
Application number: CN 200420055933
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘亚民
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-05-09
Filing date: 2004-12-31
Publication date: 2005-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 2014-12-31

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rotary two-stroke engine with multi combustion chambers, belonging to the technical field of the internal-combustion engine with reciprocating pistons. The casings of the combustion chambers are provided with exhaust holes. The peripheral ring of the rotors of the combustion chambers are evenly distributed with more than two combustion chambers, and provided with exhaust ducts in the radial direction. The bottom of the cylinder on end of the guide rod of the piston is sealed. The bottom of the cylinder is provided with a one way inlet hole and a one way outlet hole. The one way outlet hole and the inlet ports on the casing of the combustion chambers are provided with gas storage pipes. The utility model which has the advantages of thorough ventilation, high working efficiency, stable working, compact structure, small size, light weight, and low cost, can be made into a single-cylinder engine or a multi-cylinder engine, and can use petrol, diesel, etc. various fuels, having wide range of application, and is especially applicable to the matched power machines of the vehicle, tractor, motorcycle, etc.

Description

Many firing chambers of rotator type two-stroke engine

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the stroke piston combustion engine technical field, is specifically related to many firing chambers of a kind of rotator type two-stroke engine.

Background technique

Two-stroke engine and four-stroke engine are used widely for many years as dynamic power machine.The advantage of two-stroke engine is that its bent axle whenever turns around and promptly finishes a work cycle, and work done once, and is simple in structure, uses easy to maintenance; Deficiency is not have special inlet and outlet stroke, and the gas exchange process time is short, only is about 1/3rd of four-stroke engine; In addition, its inlet and outlet process is almost carried out simultaneously, utilizes new gas cleaning waste gas, and it is not thorough to take a breath, and not only new gas loss is more, and easy-clear is unclean yet for waste gas, so directly influenced the working stability and the working efficiency of motor.Therefore, the scavenging way that improves two-stroke engine becomes an important topic.With comparing of two-stroke engine, the advantage of four-stroke engine is that it has special inlet and outlet stroke, and it is more perfect that ventilation can be carried out; Deficiency is its structure heaviness, numerous and diverse, and piston needs four strokes, bent axles take two turns and just finish a work cycle, make one time merit, and working efficiency is lower.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides many firing chambers of a kind of rotator type two-stroke engine, this motor has independent intake stroke and independent exhaust stroke, have ventilation thoroughly, higher, the work of working efficiency steadily, characteristics such as compact structure, volume be little, in light weight.

Main technical schemes of the present utility model is: many firing chambers of a kind of rotator type two-stroke engine, comprise cylinder, piston and connecting rod thereof, cooling unit, lubricating fitting, oil supply and combustion ignition device, it is characterized in that cylinder head is communicated with the combustor outer casing of chamber assembly rotor outside, combustor outer casing is provided with relief opening, the chamber assembly rotor border is evenly equipped with the firing chamber that (contains 2) more than 2, chamber assembly rotor radially is provided with the exhaust manifolds that cylinder can be communicated with relief opening, the cylinder bottom of piston guide rod one end is a sealed type, the bottom of cylinder is provided with unidirectional inlet hole and unidirectional air outlet hole, and be provided with advancing of unidirectional control, air-out mechanism, be provided with gas storing pipe between the suction port on unidirectional air outlet hole and the combustor outer casing, be provided with timing coupling mechanical transmission mechanism between connecting rod and chamber assembly rotor.The firing chamber can be spherical in shape or shallow box-like etc.Set timing transmission device can be mechanisms such as gear transmission, chain-driven or Synchronous Belt Drives between connecting rod and chamber assembly rotor.

Above-mentioned gas storing pipe volume and the ratio of single combustion chamber volume about 1: 1-8 doubly are preferred preferred values.

Above-mentioned chamber assembly rotor border is preferable with uniform 3 or 4 firing chambers, chamber assembly rotor radially be provided with 3 or 4 exhaust manifolds that interconnect itself that cylinder can be communicated with relief opening.Its simple in structure being suitable for.

Above-mentioned cooling unit structure can be: an end of being located at the cooling air channels on the chamber assembly rotor is provided with fan, and fan body is fixed on the chamber assembly rotor.Also structure such as available water-cooled.

Above-mentioned lubricating fitting structure can be: oil pump be located at combustor outer casing on the machine oil inlet between pipeline be connected, be provided with oil leab with the corresponding rotor surface of machine oil inlet, the machine oil inlet is established in the cylinder lower end, machine oil inlet the other end serial connection machine oil safety check and with oil pump between pipeline be communicated with.

Above-mentioned lubricating fitting structure also can be: oil pump passes through the oil flow rate control valve and is provided with the pipeline connection of breather check valve.

The inlet, outlet mechanism structure of the unidirectional inlet hole of above-mentioned cylinder bottom and the unidirectional control of unidirectional air outlet hole can be: be equipped with one-way valve on unidirectional inlet hole and the unidirectional air outlet hole.

The inlet, outlet mechanism structure of the unidirectional inlet hole of above-mentioned cylinder bottom and the unidirectional control of unidirectional air outlet hole also can be: the inlet, outlet control gear of cylinder lower end is a changeover valve, the spool of valve is provided with gas-entered passageway and outlet passageway, the mutual near normal of the axis of gas-entered passageway and outlet passageway, establish the timing transmission device between spool and rotor and bent axle, it is that gas storing pipe links to each other with outlet passageway that said gas storing pipe links to each other with the outlet side of inlet, outlet control gear.

For strengthening lubrication effect, nearly piston one end is provided with drain pan on the above-mentioned piston guide rod.

In order to make work more steady, the bottom of the piston guide rod below above-mentioned seal diaphragm is provided with a sliding plug, and sliding face beyond the Great Wall is provided with a guide sleeve (for reducing resistance, the guide sleeve epicoele is not a sealing configuration), and guide sleeve links to each other with frame.Also can be provided with inferior mechanism: can be provided with slide block and guiding rail thereof between piston guide rod and connecting rod, guide rail is located at the seal diaphragm bottom, and piston guide rod lower end and slide block are fixed, connecting rod and slide block hinge connection.

In order further to improve compression ratio, above-mentioned sliding plug, guide sleeve and seal diaphragm can constitute hermetic seal formula structure, and be provided with inlet hole and air outlet hole and unidirectional inlet, outlet control mechanism thereof on guide sleeve top, and unidirectional air outlet hole and gas storing pipe are communicated with, and the guide sleeve bottom is provided with the draining structure.

In order to adapt to the Under Different Work Condition of Engine requirement, above-mentioned guide sleeve top can be provided with a valve that can be communicated with atmosphere, and when valve closing, the guide sleeve part can be brought into play pressurization; When valve opening, lose pressurization.

Good effect of the present utility model is: finish in air inlet and the compression stroke cylinder below piston, and the air or the combination gas of compression is stored in the gas storing pipe, finish in exhaust and the expansion space stroke cylinder above piston; Inlet and outlet are carried out at the isolated mutually firing chamber and the exhaust manifolds of rotor respectively simultaneously, therefore, the loss and the waste scavenging problem not to the utmost that do not have new gas, its inlet and outlet stroke surpasses 360 ° of crank angles, and is close with the inlet and outlet stroke of four-stroke engine.In identical fuel consumption, under the situation of output with constant power, the present invention can be as the four-stroke engine stable operation, and the cost of its weight and manufacturing saves 1/3rd than four-stroke engine.So the utlity model has ventilation thoroughly, higher, the work of working efficiency steadily, compact structure, little, in light weight, the low cost and other advantages of volume; Both can be made into single cylinder engine, can be made into multi-cylinder engine again; Applicable pluralities of fuel is as gasoline, diesel oil etc.; It is applied widely, is specially adapted to the mating power machinery of automobile, tractor and motorcycle etc.

Be described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but not as to qualification of the present utility model.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the petrolic embodiment's 1 of the utility model a structural representation.

Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment's of engine chamber rotor shown in the accompanying drawing 1 a plan view sectional view.

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional structure schematic representation of accompanying drawing 2.

Fig. 4 is the utility model embodiment 2 a structural representation.

Fig. 5 is the utility model embodiment 3 a structural representation.

Fig. 6 is a kind of embodiment's partial structurtes schematic representation of cylinder head of the present utility model and chamber assembly rotor part.

Fig. 7 be 4 one kinds of multi-cylinder engine of the utility model embodiment axle survey schematic representation.

Fig. 8 is that 5 of the utility model embodiments survey schematic representation.

Fig. 9 is the main TV structure schematic representation of spool of the changeover valve of motor shown in Figure 8.

Figure 10 is the utility model embodiment 6 a partial structurtes schematic representation.

Figure 11 is main TV structure schematic representation of the utility model embodiment 7.

Figure 12 is a rotor open type liquid cooling structural representation.

Figure 13 is a rotor enclosed liquid cooling structural representation.

Figure 14 is sliding plug, guide sleeve and seal diaphragm hermetic seal formula structural representation.

Embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1 ~ Figure 14: 1 guide rail, 2 slide blocks, 3 breather check valves, 4 cylinders, 5 guide rods, 6 pistons, 7 combustor outer casing machine oil inlets, 8 engine oil pipelines, 9 rotors, 10 exhaust manifolds, 11 coolant guiding channels, 12 firing chambers, 13 relief openings, 14 oil leabs, 15 combustor outer casings, 16 suction ports, 17 igniters, 18 gas storing pipes, 19 connecting ports, 20 outgassing nonreturn valves, 21 seal diaphragms, 22 connecting rods, 23 bent axles, 24 oil grooves, 25 machine oil inlets, 26 oil sprayers, 27 air holes, 28 guide sleeves, 29 sliding plugs, 30 oil flow rate control valves, 31 fans, 32 synchronous cog belts, 33 drain pans, 34 timing gear are paid, 35 spools, 36 gas-entered passageways, 37 outlet passageways, 38 connecting valves.

As shown in the figure, the present invention's formation comprises body, connecting rod, cooling system, supply system and lubricating system, and wherein, body comprises cylinder 4 and cylinder head 15 again, and connecting rod comprises air inlet and exhaust piper again, and lubricating system comprises oil pump again.Main points of the present invention are that cylindrical combustion chamber rotor 9 is installed on the combustor outer casing 15, a plurality of firing chambers 12 are uniform along rotor 9 borders, the quantity of firing chamber 12 is preferably between 2-4 and selects, the shape of firing chamber 12 can be sphere or shallow pot shape etc., and its shape can be identical with the shape of firing chamber of the prior art or close.But rotor 9 and the gear transmission of 23 set timing transmission devices of bent axle, chain-driven or synchronous cog belt 32 transmissions.Velocity ratio therebetween determined by the quantity of set firing chamber 12 on the rotor 9, and as when the firing chamber on the rotor 9 is two, then the velocity ratio of 23 on rotor 9 and bent axle is 1: 2, and promptly rotor 9 bent axle 23 that turns around takes two turns.In like manner, when three of firing chambers on the rotor 9, then the velocity ratio of 23 on rotor 9 and bent axle is 1: 3, by that analogy.

The utility model exhaust manifolds 10 are located on the rotor along rotor 9, combustor outer casing 15 be provided with the relief opening 13 corresponding with exhaust manifolds 10 and with the connecting port 19 of cylinder 4.The shape of exhaust manifolds 10 should determine that as shown in figures 1 and 3, when the firing chamber on the rotor 9 12 was two, exhaust manifolds 10 were " one " font according to the number of the firing chamber on the rotor 9 12; When the firing chamber on the rotor 9 12 was three, exhaust manifolds 10 were radiation as shown in Figure 5; When the firing chamber on the rotor 9 12 was four, exhaust manifolds 10 were " ten " font.

The utility model cylinder 4 lower ends are provided with the inlet, outlet control gear.With seal diaphragm 21, cylinder 4 lower end inwall circumferential intervals are provided with oil groove 24, machine oil inlet 25 can be located at the lower end of cylinder 4, machine oil inlet 25 the other ends serial connection machine oil safety check, and be communicated with the oil pump pipeline. also can and connect an oil flow rate control valve 30 in the pipeline of breather check valve 3, as shown in Figure 4, can make quantitative machine oil together enter into the bottom of cylinder 4 in company with fresh air like this.As Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, the inlet, outlet control gear can be breather check valve 3 and outgassing nonreturn valve 20.The inlet, outlet control gear can be a changeover valve, as Fig. 8, shown in Figure 9, the spool 35 of valve is provided with gas-entered passageway 36 and outlet passageway 37, the mutual near normal of axis of gas-entered passageway 36 and outlet passageway 37,23 on spool 35 and rotor 9 and bent axle are established the timing transmission device, and gas storing pipe 18 links to each other 37 with outlet passageway.When piston of the present invention was moved upward by lower dead center, gas-entered passageway 36 was with air or combination gas pipeline and cylinder conducting, and at this moment outlet passageway 37 is in the state of being cut off.When piston was descending by top dead center, outlet passageway 37 was with cylinder and gas storing pipe 18 conductings, and this moment, gas-entered passageway 36 was in the state of being cut off.

Gas storing pipe 18 of the present utility model is connected in 20 of suction port 16 on the combustor outer casing 15 and outgassing nonreturn valves, piston 6 is fixing with guide rod 5, guide rod 5 nearly piston 6 ends are provided with drain pan 33, the vertical guide rod 5 of wearing dividing plate 21 and 22 the set guiding transmission devices transmission devices that can as shown in Figure 1 guide rail 1, slide block 2 lead, guide rail 1 is located at seal diaphragm 21 bottoms, guide rod 5 lower ends and slide block 2 are fixing, and connecting rod 22 will with slide block 2 hinges.When piston 6 moved to lower dead center, the unnecessary machine oil in cylinder 4 bottoms was just discharged outside the cylinders 4 through enclosed baffle 21 by drain pan 33, and spray falls on guide rail 1 and the slide block 2, and is lubricated to it.The machine oil of cylinder 4 bottoms has the effect of pair piston 6 coolings.Its guide rail can be various structural types of the prior art such as T-shape rail or dovetail rail.Structural type that also can be as shown in Figure 4, promptly guide sleeve 28, sliding plug 29 guiding transmission devices, guide sleeve 28 is located at seal diaphragm 21 bottoms, and guide rod 5 is fixing with sliding plug 29, and connecting rod 22 is hinged with sliding plug 29, and sliding plug 29 is provided with air hole 27 to reduce resistance of air.

The oil pump of above-mentioned said lubricating system is communicated with 7 pipelines 8 of machine oil inlet on being located at combustor outer casing 15, be provided with oil leab 14 with machine oil inlet 7 corresponding rotors 9 surfaces, pipeline is communicated with between the machine oil inlet 25 (shown in Figure 1) of being located at cylinder 4 lower ends and oil pump.

Above-mentioned cooling system can adopt liquid cooling mode of the prior art or air cooling way, liquid cooling comprises two kinds of open type and encloseds again, and it comprises the coolant guiding channel of being located on the chamber assembly rotor 9 11, and passage 11 1 ends can be established centrifugal fan 31, fan 31 bodies and rotor 9 bodies are fixed, as shown in Figure 6.Rotor 9 also can adopt the liquid cooling mode, open type liquid cooling promptly shown in Figure 12, liquid along shown in the arrow through the coolant guiding channel 11 of rotor 9, or closed type liquid cooling shown in Figure 13, liquid is by the coolant guiding channel 11 of the rotor 9 of flowing through shown in the arrow.

When being the gas and oil machine, the firearm 17 of can setting up an office at nearly connecting port 19 places of cylinder head 15.When this machine is diesel engine, can establish oil sprayer 26 in the position of igniter 17, as shown in Figure 4.Also can igniter 17 and oil sprayer 26 with establishing, as shown in figure 11.The igniting system and the fuel supply system of this motor are prior art.Can be by oil spout in Carburetor fuel feeding, suction port oil spout or the firing chamber, as shown in figure 10.

The operating conditions of the chamber assembly rotor 9 of this motor is abominable, makes so should choose the metallic material of heat-resistant anticorrosive.In order to reduce piston 6 reciprocating inertial force, it is thinner that piston 6 designs as far as possible, and dispose several compression ring and oil ring.Guide rod 5 also can adopt hollow structure.

Referring to Fig. 7, when the utility model is multi-cylinder engine, establishes timing gear between the wheel shaft of its synchronous cog belt 32 and chamber assembly rotor and pay 34.

The utility model working procedure is as follows: when the piston in the cylinder 6 under the guiding of cylinder guide 5 by top dead center toward lower dead center when operation, outgassing nonreturn valve 20 was opened when breather check valve 3 was closed, the air or the combination gas of piston below are compressed in the gas storing pipe 18 through outgassing nonreturn valve 20, revolving combustor 12 rotations are through suction port 16 during this, and pressurized air or combination gas enter firing chamber 12.When piston is up moved by lower dead center, one-way valve 3 was opened when one-way valve 20 was closed, air or combination gas are in breather check valve 3 enters the cylinder of piston below, the both ends open of the exhaust manifolds 10 of rotation this moment is through the connecting port 19 and relief opening 13 places of combustor outer casing 15, and the high-temp waste gas of piston 6 tops is discharged outside the cylinder through connecting port 19, exhaust manifolds 10 and relief opening 13.In the time of near piston 6 is up to top dead center, 17 igniting produce high temperature and high pressure gas through igniter in a firing chamber 12, high temperature and high pressure gas directly affacts on the piston 6 through the connecting port 19 of cylinder head, promote piston 6 descending works done, air or combination gas below simultaneously compression piston 6 enters during up enter 18 li of gas storing pipes, and residual high pressure exhaust gas is discharged through relief opening 13 in another firing chamber 12, prepares to carry out next work cycle.

About further specifying of gas storage piping volume: compression ratio is one of important indicator of engine performance, the revolving combustor two-stroke engine has increased piping volume between cylinder capacity and combustion chamber volume, but piping volume does not influence the size of compression ratio.The size of compression ratio still depends on the ratio of combustion chamber volume and cylinder capacity, and irrelevant with piping volume.Reason is if swept volume is the gas of 10 volumes, revolving combustor and piping volume respectively are the words of 1 volume, motor is in first work cycle, be compressed to 10 volumes of gas in pipeline and the firing chamber, add a volume is respectively arranged in upper combustion chamber and the pipeline, be respectively 6 volumes so in firing chamber and the pipeline, keep 6 volumes in the pipeline.Compress 10 volumes again and enter pipeline in second work cycle, add that 6 remaining in last time pipeline volumes amount to 16 volumes, second circulation gas of entering the firing chamber will be 8 volumes so, keep 8 volumes in the pipeline.The rest may be inferred, and the gas that the 3rd circulation enters the firing chamber will be 9 volumes.In several work cycle, enter in the firing chamber the very fast meeting of gas near or reach 11 volumes, just 10: 1 compression ratio, but can be above 10: 1.Therefore, we think that piping volume and compression ratio have nothing to do, and the volume size of pipeline only influences the time speed that reaches predetermined compression ratio in the burning.In general, piping volume is big, and reach the required work cycle of predetermined compression ratio and want many, on the contrary then few.

Claims

1, many firing chambers of a kind of rotator type two-stroke engine, comprise cylinder (4), piston (6) and connecting rod thereof, cooling unit, lubricating fitting, oil supply and combustion ignition device, it is characterized in that cylinder (4) top is communicated with by connecting port (19) with the combustor outer casing (15) of chamber assembly rotor (9) outside, combustor outer casing (15) is provided with exhaust port (13), chamber assembly rotor (9) border is evenly equipped with the firing chamber (12) more than 2, chamber assembly rotor (9) radially be provided with the exhaust manifolds (10) that cylinder (4) can be communicated with relief opening (13), the bottom of the cylinder (4) of piston guide rod (5) one ends is a sealed type, the bottom of cylinder (4) is provided with unidirectional inlet hole and unidirectional air outlet hole, and be provided with advancing of unidirectional control, air-out mechanism, be provided with gas storing pipe (18) between the suction port (16) on unidirectional air outlet hole and the combustor outer casing (15), be provided with timing coupling mechanical transmission mechanism between connecting rod and chamber assembly rotor (9).

2, many firing chambers of rotator type according to claim 1 two-stroke engine is characterized in that about 1: 1 ~ 8 times of the ratios of described gas storing pipe (18) volume and single combustion chamber volume.

3, many firing chambers of rotator type according to claim 1 two-stroke engine, it is characterized in that chamber assembly rotor (9) border is evenly equipped with 3 or 4 firing chambers (12), chamber assembly rotor (9) radially be provided with 3 or 4 exhaust manifolds that itself interconnect (10) that cylinder (4) can be communicated with relief opening (13).

4, many firing chambers of rotator type according to claim 1 two-stroke engine, it is characterized in that described cooling unit structure is: an end of being located at the cooling air channels (11) on the chamber assembly rotor (9) is provided with fan (31), and fan (31) body is fixed on the chamber assembly rotor (9).

5, many firing chambers of rotator type according to claim 1 two-stroke engine is characterized in that described lubricating fitting structure is: oil pump is by oil flow rate control valve (30) and be provided with the pipeline connection of breather check valve (3).

6, many firing chambers of rotator type according to claim 1 two-stroke engine, the advancing of unidirectional control that it is characterized in that the unidirectional inlet hole of bottom of described cylinder (4) and unidirectional air outlet hole, the air-out mechanism structure is: the advancing of cylinder (4) lower end, the control gear of giving vent to anger is a changeover valve, the spool of valve (35) is provided with gas-entered passageway (36) and outlet passageway (37), the mutual near normal of axis of gas-entered passageway (36) and outlet passageway (37), establish the timing transmission device between spool (35) and rotor (9) and bent axle (23), said gas storing pipe (18) with advance, the give vent to anger outlet side of control gear links to each other and to be meant that gas storing pipe (18) links to each other with outlet passageway (37).

7, many firing chambers of rotator type according to claim 1 two-stroke engine is characterized in that described piston guide rod (5) goes up nearly piston (6) one ends and be provided with drain pan (33).

8, according to claim 1,2,3,4,5,6 or 7 many firing chambers of described rotator type two-stroke engines, the bottom that it is characterized in that the piston guide rod (5) below seal diaphragm (21) is provided with a sliding plug (29)), sliding plug (29) outside is provided with a guide sleeve (28), and guide sleeve (28) links to each other with frame.

9, many firing chambers of rotator type according to claim 8 two-stroke engine, it is characterized in that described sliding plug (29), guide sleeve (28) and seal diaphragm (21) constitute hermetic seal formula structure, guide sleeve (28) top is provided with inlet hole and air outlet hole and unidirectional inlet, outlet control mechanism thereof, unidirectional air outlet hole and gas storing pipe (18) are communicated with, and guide sleeve (28) bottom is provided with the draining structure.

10, many firing chambers of rotator type according to claim 9 two-stroke engine is characterized in that described guide sleeve (28) top is provided with a connecting valve (38) that can be communicated with atmosphere.