CN1016932B - Method for culture of mushrooms with pocketed material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for the culture of mushrooms with pocketed materials. Open type inoculation without an inoculation box or house is adopted. The ends of fungus pockets are cut and flattened and put oppositely and cohere together to form wood segment type mushroom production, or one of the methods is chosen to culture mushrooms. Compared with the prior art, the present invention shortens material steaming time by 2 to 4 hours (under normal pressure), saves the costs of the inoculation box or house and sterilization, and increases the inoculation speed by 2 to 3 times. Mushrooms can be produced outside without occupying an inoculation house or produced indoors in a small inoculation house. Management is convenient, no pollution of penicillium and trichoderma viride exists, and no abnormal mushroom is produced. The biological conversion rate of large-area mushroom cultivation can reach more than 70%.

Description

Method for culture of mushrooms with pocketed material

The present invention relates to a kind of method of substituting stuff cultivation mushroom.

The substituting stuff cultivation mushroom, be afraid of most mould, the particularly pollution of green grass or young crops, green mold bacterium again, therefore, prior art generally adopts raw material pack back to steam the material sterilization, under strict sterilization in inoculating hood or inoculation indoor inoculation, indoor or outdoors scaffolding fruiting, its basic working procedure is that bacterial classification places in several holes that charge level accomplishes fluently in advance, with behind the adhesive plaster sealing of hole in the indoor cultivation mycelia, treat to peel off when mycelia is covered with in the bacterium bag that plastic sack is put on the shelf or the bacterium material is pressed into the square fruiting of putting on the shelf.This method exist operation cumbersome, steam material time length, sterilization expense height, inoculation low, the indoor investment of work efficiency and account for the premises area big, manage defectives such as inconvenience.Simultaneously since atmosphere draught-free in the indoor or canopy, illumination poor, have a narrow range of temperature, have the problem that mushroom is of poor quality, misshapen mushroom is many again, thereby greatly limited the development of mushroom.

85 years the 3rd phases " edible fungi of china " magazine, a kind of " method of bagasse cultivating Xianggu mushroom by crude materials " disclosed at the 20th page, after this method adopts bagasse raw material spice, directly use the bacterial classification of the 25-30% of raw material dry weight to inoculate briquetting with the vaccination ways of rebasing, spice, capping, it has saved steaming material step to compare said method, has adopted the open inoculation method that breaks away from inoculating hood or transfer room.Yet its this improvement is based on such thought, adds a high proportion of bacterial classification amount in raw material, causes the absolute growth advantage of shiitake mushroom hypha in a short time, thereby suppresses the growth of assorted bacterium in the material, and for carrying the training environment, also must still sterilize.Therefore, it after inoculation and bacterium, fruiting stage all adopted strict disinfectant measure, also fail to break away from indoor fruiting certainly, in other words, this method fails to break through traditional cultivation thought, still has above-mentioned defective.In fact, its raw material carry training and are unfavorable for that shiitake mushroom hypha decompose to absorb nutrient, thereby biological transformation ratio is lower, and only 49.6%, moreover the bacterial classification amount has strengthened cost again at high proportion.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biological transformation ratio that neither influences, thereby and technology is simple, can indoor fruiting, account for that the premises area is little, the method for convenient management, reduced investment, mushroom culture that work efficiency is high overcomes above-mentioned defective.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this, described method comprises that the raw material preparation, the pack that add carbendazim steam material, inoculation, cultivate mycelia, fruiting several steps, it is characterized in that implementing above-mentioned steps all carries out under the environment of sterilization avoiding, after inoculation, treat to cover with in the bacterium bag mycelia when drum knurl phenomenon takes place as yet, cut flat bacterium bag termination to putting, adhesion forms the wooden shape fruiting of section

This method, because the antifungi breeding that has that adds in the raw material is grown, particularly blue or green, green mold bacterium had special efficacy again and to the carbendazim of shiitake mushroom hypha unrestraint, no residual hazard function, (normal pressure) do not lose usefulness after steaming material, when in the air or the mycotic spore of other approach fall into bacterium material surface or immerse in the material, all irreproducible growth, therefore, the problem of mould contamination in can not cultivating.In fact, in above-mentioned steps, the disinfectant measure of any strictness all can not be accomplished absolute sterilization, and therefore, it is futile adopting aseptic technology, in fact, does not play effect.The present invention adopts above-mentioned measure in line with this thought, has both simplified operating procedure widely, has saved the sterilization expense again.Its purpose of steaming material does not lie in sterilization, decomposes the absorption nutrient but make the composts or fertilisers of cultivating slaking be beneficial to mushroom mycelium, improves its biological transformation ratio.The formation of bacterium bag Duan Mu of the present invention is to utilize the extremely strong natural kink ability of shiitake mushroom hypha to reach.Because the bacterium bag forms after the Duan Mu, volume is big, and bacterium material surface forms one deck duricrust, has both slowed down the speed of water evaporates, has strengthened the antibacterial ability of self again.Therefore, can place outdoor fruiting, simultaneously, save floor occupying area again or the mushroom room, and management is also convenient at indoor fruiting.

The present invention recommends to use the big plastic sack charging that can adorn 1.15 kilograms of siccatives at least, can use length 50, wide 24 centimetres, thick 3 microns polypropylene plastics pocket; Form Duan Mu with bacterium bag more than two bags or two bags (general three bags) adhesion.In order to improve inoculation speed and to reduce bacterial classification consumption, further recommend to adopt the vaccination ways that bacterial classification is placed pocket two ends charge level.

In sum, can be further understood from the following examples of the present invention.

Adding 0.05-0.1%(raw material dry weight ratio in raw material) carbendazim, use long 50, wide 24 centimetres, thick 3 microns polypropylene plastics sacked material, 1.15 kilograms of average every packed siccatives, the ventilation hole that runs through 2 centimetres of diameters in the bag, bag termination warp is bundled into the eck circle, place under the normal temperature and steamed material 4-6 hour, extinguish cooling and take out pocket charge level in indoor or outdoors places bacterial classification on pocket termination eck circle, seal with paper or homogeneous material, place the indoor cultivation mycelia, do not treat to cover with in the bacterium bag when drum knurl phenomenon takes place mycelia as yet and cut flat bacterium bag termination putting, utilize the natural kink ability of mycelia that bacterium bag more than two bags or two bags (general three bags) adhesion is become the wooden shape of section, after section wood forms, peel off plastic sack and place under indoor bacterium frame or the outdoor tree shade, the limit, corner, shady and cool moist place such as hillside or limit, ditch fruiting.Behind several the mushrooms of gathering, the wooden moisture content of section reduces, when losing weight greatly, can be at the logical several duck eyes of section wood surface, and immersion recovers weight.At severe cold season, can the gathering of section wood is in heaps, cover film, when treating that temperature changes warm, take out immersion, the continuation fruiting.

Through the inventive method mushroom culture compared with prior art, it steams the material time shorten 2-4 hour (normal temperature steams material), has saved disinfecting steps and expense, and inoculation Speed improving 2-3 doubly saves the mushroom room or do not account for the mushroom room, manages simultaneously more convenient. Do not have green grass or young crops, green mold bacterium breeding growth phenomenon and indoor common misshapen mushroom to occur, its biological transformation ratio of commerial growing mushroom is more than 70%.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of method of substituting stuff cultivation mushroom, comprise that the raw material preparation, the pack that add carbendazim steam material, inoculation, cultivate mycelia, fruiting several steps, it is characterized in that implementing above-mentioned steps all carries out under the environment of sterilization avoiding, after inoculation, treat to cover with in the bacterium bag mycelia when drum knurl phenomenon takes place as yet, cut flat bacterium bag termination to putting, adhesion forms the wooden shape fruiting of section.

2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that adopting bacterium bag adhesion formation Duan Mu more than two bags or two bags.

3, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that used plastic sack size can adorn 1.15 kilograms of siccatives at least, available length 50, wide 24 centimetres, thick 3 microns polypropylene plastics pocket.

4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that adopting the vaccination ways that bacterial classification is placed pocket termination charge level.