CN101692878B - Method for preparing antidysenteric early-weaning of calf opening material - Google Patents
Method for preparing antidysenteric early-weaning of calf opening material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101692878B CN101692878B CN2009102364868A CN200910236486A CN101692878B CN 101692878 B CN101692878 B CN 101692878B CN 2009102364868 A CN2009102364868 A CN 2009102364868A CN 200910236486 A CN200910236486 A CN 200910236486A CN 101692878 B CN101692878 B CN 101692878B
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- calf
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- days
- molasses
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- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- XOIQMTLWECTKJL-HXPDMXKUSA-M sodium;(3r,4s)-4-[(2s,5r,7s,8r,9s)-2-[(2r,5s)-5-ethyl-5-[(2r,3s,5r)-5-[(2s,3s,5r,6r)-6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-7-hydroxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,10-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]-3-methoxy-2-methylpentanoate Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@@](O1)(C)[C@H]2CC[C@@](O2)(CC)[C@H]2[C@H](C[C@@H](O2)[C@@H]2[C@H](C[C@@H](C)[C@](O)(CO)O2)C)C)C[C@@]21C[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)[C@@H](OC)C(C)C([O-])=O)O2 XOIQMTLWECTKJL-HXPDMXKUSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing antidysenteric early-weaning of calf opening material, which comprises the following steps: adopting secondary granulation process to prepare particle food, mixing the particle food and tabletting grains according to proportion, adopting an externally-spraying method to spray molasses on the surfaces of particle food and tabletting grains after evenly mixing, and getting calf opening material. When preparing particle food, the primary granulation adopts higher refining temperature for fully ripening big raw materials including corn, soya bean waste and the like, on the one hand, nutrient slaking rate is improved, on the other hand, the palatability is improved, secondary granulation adopts lower refining temperature, thereby the damage function of high temperature to thermo-sensiblity reactive component can be avoided, and meanwhile, the negative function of dairy product and saccharide components to the granulation process is lightened. Animal test results show that the calf particle food has better palatability, can effectively prompt animals to take in feed, achieves early-weaning within 45 days, can effectively control the loose bowel movement generation rate of calves, and prompts the growth of calves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of calf opening material, relate in particular to a kind of efficient anti-dysentery and can make the preparation method of the calf opening material of calf early-weaning.
Background technology
How effectively promoting the calf cud to grow, set up powerful digestive system, is one of important goal of calf cultivation.The composition of feed and physical aspect thereof are most important to the growth of calf cud.The calf of milk or substitute breast milk of feeding, its cud proportion rises, but its cud mammiplasia is slow, and the volatile fatty acid absorbability is low, and does not increase with age in days.Only feed hay and milk calf, the growth of its cud is also very slow, and this is because the normal flora of calf cud is set up as yet, opens foodstuff with easy fermentation and compares, the digestion of forage grass is incomplete, and its metabolite can not be grown for cud provides enough chemical stimulations.Studies show that in a large number the growth of cud nipple, last cutaneomucosal thickening after calf searches for food opening material are taken place.For calf, open the roughage of containing an amount of easily fermented material and certain particle size in the foodstuff, can promote cud to grow fast.Easily the fermented material fermentation produces volatile fatty acid, can promote cud to grow, and is the chemical stimulation that the cud tissue morphology is grown and absorbability improves; The granularity of opening material particle can provide certain physical stimulation for the growth of cud.Therefore the opening material of feeding is in early days grown the considerable effect that plays to cud.
The domestic calf opening material that many brands are also arranged, but most of opening material does not fully take into account the digestive physiology and the nutritional need in calf stage on raw material is selected and processed.In actual production, present the phenomenon that palatability is bad, feed intake is low, cud is grown slowly, diarrhea rate is high, lactation is long.Everybody generally believes wean optimum when the calf daily ingestion amount reaches the 750g left and right sides.The technology because the domestic great majority employing 2-3 monthly age of the restriction of calf opening material weans consumes milk amount 200-300 kilogram.If adopt the calf opening material of high-quality, can realize wean in 45 days, the full phase is used breast amount 150kg, and then every calf can be saved fresh milk 50-150kg, reduces calf and cultivates cost; Adopt the calf opening material of high-quality, can promote that digestive organs reach full growth, thereby make its potentiality and long campaign with high yield.Calf opening material is born when beginning to feed normal breast in back seven days and normal breast is fed together from calf, weans when the opening material feed intake reaches 750g, enters solid and feeds the stage.Nascent cud is not ruminated function, and digestion is mainly by abomasum.This stage liquid feed of searching for food is crossed glandular stomach by the esophageal groove reflection and is directly entered abomasum, ruminates effect without cud, forms and the similar digestion method of nonruminant.In this stage digestive ferment hyposecretion, the digestive system development imperfection a little less than the nutrient digestion ability, is prone to trophism diarrhea; Nascent calf function of immune system imperfection, intestines and stomach are very weak to the resistivity of bacterium, and the ability of anti-disease is relatively poor, easily by the invasion and attack of pathogens such as Escherichia coli, salmonella, thereby causes the calf gastrointestinal disease, when serious even cause death.
Therefore develop a kind of nutritional need that can satisfy calf digestive physiology demand and grow, also have digestibility height, good palatability simultaneously and can reduce the calf opening material of calf diarrhea incidence significant.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of calf opening material of efficient antidysenteric early-weaning.
The preparation method of calf opening material provided by the present invention comprises the steps:
A, once pulverizing mixing: adopt the sieve sheet of 2.0-3.0mm that corn and dregs of beans are pulverized, mixed, get material 1;
B, once granulation: described material 1 is carried out steam regulation of texture, conditioning of texture, granulation, obtain particle A; Described refining temperature is 80 ℃-90 ℃, and the modified time is 40s-60s;
C, secondary pulverize and mix: with following raw material: particle A, fermented bean dregs, expanded soybean, soy protein concentrate, whey powder, sucrose, glucose, lysine, methionine, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, stone flour, salt, calf premix, acidulant, antioxidant and mould inhibitor all adopt the sieve sheet of 1.0-2.0mm to pulverize, mix with molasses, must material 2;
D, secondary are granulated: the secondary pulverizing is mixed the material 2 that obtains carry out modified, granulation, obtain particle B; Described refining temperature is 40 ℃-50 ℃, and the modified time is 10s-30s;
E, with particle B cooling, then particle B and compressing tablet cereal are mixed, follow the surface that molasses is sprayed on described particle B and compressing tablet maslin, promptly obtain calf opening material of the present invention;
Wherein, described calf opening material is made up of the component of following mass parts: particulate material B60-80, compressing tablet cereal 17-36 and molasses 2-4;
Described particulate material B is made up of following materials in parts by mass: selected corn 45-60, dregs of beans 10-20, fermented bean dregs 4-10, expanded soybean 0-5, soy protein concentrate 0-5, whey powder 5-10, molasses 1-3, sucrose 1-2, glucose 1-2, lysine 0.8-1.0, methionine 0.05-0.15, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.5-2.5, stone flour 0.8-1.2, salt 0.4-0.8, calf premix 1-1.4, acidulant 0.2-0.4, antioxidant 0.05 and mould inhibitor 0.05.
Described acidulant specifically can adopt fertile lactic acid or other similar composite organic acids; Described antioxidant specifically can adopt ethoxyquinoline, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, butylated hydroxy anisole or n-propyl gallate etc.; Described mould inhibitor specifically can be calcium propionate, sodium propionate etc.
The premix of above-mentioned per kilogram calf contains vitamin A 40000IU, vitamin D 6000IU, vitamin E 60mg, vitamin K 5mg, Cobastab
14mg, Cobastab
250mg, Cobastab
630mg, Cobastab
120.02mg, nicotinic acid 55mg, vitamin C 65mg, copper 8.2mg, iron 53mg, zinc 64mg, manganese 25mg, iodine 0.6mg, selenium 0.35mg, ethoxyquinoline 0.6g, soya-bean oil 5g, coban 6g, surplus is a zeolite powder carrier.
Among the present invention, described compressing tablet cereal can be selected from least a in the cereal such as compressing tablet corn, compressing tablet wheat and compressing tablet oat, the mixture of preferred compressing tablet corn and compressing tablet wheat, and wherein, the mass ratio of compressing tablet corn and compressing tablet wheat can be 10-20: 7-16.
Among the present invention, described molasses can adopt sucrose molasses or beet molasses, the preferably sucrose molasses.
In the step b), during described granulation, the diameter of the ring mould of employing can be 4-5mm, and ring mould compression ratio (effective length/ring nib diameter directly in compression ratio=ring nib footpath) is 4-5.
In the step c), the mixture homogeneity coefficient of variation≤10% of described raw material.
In the step d), during described granulation, the diameter of the ring mould of employing can be 3-4mm, and ring mould compression ratio is 6-8.
In the step e), when particle B is cooled off, cooling air quantity 1500-1700m
3, the time of cooling is 7-9min.
The calf opening material that method of the present invention is prepared has taken into full account digestive physiology of nascent calf and the nutritional need that grows, and has selected the quality raw materials of digestibility height, good palatability, as dairy products and carbohydrate content, contain the fermented bean dregs of viable bacteria etc.But the selection of these raw materials brings certain difficulty to granulation, if adopt a conventional method of granulating, high temperature when modified can destroy the viable bacteria in dairy products, carbohydrate content and the fermented bean dregs, also can cause the particle that makes harder simultaneously, reduces its palatability to calf.Therefore, when the preparation calf opening material, the present invention adopts the secondary granulating process that the raw material of particulate material in the feed is handled, adopt higher refining temperature (80 ℃-90 ℃) that big feedstuff (as corn, dregs of beans) is carried out sufficient slaking when granulating for the first time, to produce the high-quality feed of high sanitary index, no pathogen; When granulating for the second time, adopt lower temperature (40 ℃-50 ℃),, can make that the particle of producing is more crisp to have an attractant preferably simultaneously to reduce destruction to thermal sensitivity raw materials such as dairy products.The secondary granulating process is produced at the calf material and is not adopted as yet at present.
Cud was grown physical stimulation of the necessity that needs and the characteristic of searching for food of ruminant after the present invention considered calf 25 ages in days simultaneously, on the basis of particle opening material, added compressing tablet cereal, handle the digestibility that can improve cereal greatly by compressing tablet, reduce the calf diarrhea incidence, increased the palatability of opening material simultaneously.In addition, in order to reach food calling effect preferably, the present invention has also added molasses when the preparation opening material, and wherein the part molasses are added in the particulate material, and the part molasses adopt the technology of back spraying to spray to the surface of mixed particulate material and compressing tablet cereal.
Animal test results shows that calf opening material of the present invention has palatability preferably, can effectively promote animal to search for food, and promotes function of rumen to grow, and realizes early weaning in 45 days, saves calf and cultivates cost; Have digestibility preferably, can avoid trophism diarrhea and reduce the diarrhoea incidence, and can effectively promote the calf growth.
The calf opening material of the present invention's preparation, different with existing particulate material and powder, both contained particulate material (forming) in this calf opening material, also contained some compressing tablet cereal such as compressing tablet corn, compressing tablet wheat etc. by nutrients such as protein, carbohydrate, vitamin, mineral matters; Compressing tablet cereal mixes the back and adopts the technology of outer spraying to add molasses with particulate material.
The inventive method has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts the secondary granulating process to prepare particulate material, granulates for the first time and adopts higher refining temperature that big raw material such as corn, dregs of beans is carried out abundant slaking, improves its nutrient digestibility on the one hand, and the opposing party improves its palatability; Granulate for the second time and adopt lower refining temperature, can avoid the destruction of high temperature, can alleviate dairy products, carbohydrate content negative effect simultaneously pelletization to the thermal sensitivity active component.
2, the present invention has added compressing tablet cereal, and compressing tablet cereal has palatability preferably, higher digestibility, is a kind of feedstuff of high-quality.For calf, its bigger granularity can be grown for the calf cud provides certain physical to stimulate.
3, the inventive method is at particulate material and the technology interpolation part molasses that adopt outer spraying after compressing tablet cereal mixes.Can avoid heavy dose of adverse effect that molasses bring to granulating process of adding at the surface of particulate material and compressing tablet cereal spraying part molasses, also can adsorb dust tiny in the daily ration simultaneously, improve the palatability of daily ration calf.
4, the calf opening material of the inventive method preparation has preferably palatability, can effectively promote calf to search for food, promote that the calf cud is grown, the age in days that will wean is realized early weaning in advance in actual production; Have higher digestibility, can effectively prevent calf diarrhea, promote the calf growth, reduce calf cultivation cost.
The specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.But protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope that embodiment explains.
Experimental technique described in the following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method; Described reagent and material if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
The composition of embodiment 1, calf opening feed and preparation
The prescription of calf opening feed:
1) particulate material B is made up of the component of following mass parts: selected corn 45, dregs of beans 18, fermented bean dregs 7, expanded soybean 5, soy protein concentrate 5, whey powder 8, sucrose molasses 3, sucrose 1.7, glucose 1.7, lysine 0.9, methionine 0.1, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2, stone flour 1.0, salt 0.5, calf premix 1.2, fertile lactic acid (acidulant) 0.3, ethoxyquinoline (antioxidant) 0.05, calcium propionate (mould inhibitor) 0.05.
The described calf premix of per kilogram contains vitamin A 40000IU, vitamin D 6000IU, vitamin E 60mg, vitamin K 5mg, Cobastab
14mg, Cobastab
250mg, Cobastab
630mg, Cobastab
120.02mg, nicotinic acid 55mg, vitamin C 65mg, copper 8.2mg, iron 53mg, zinc 64mg, manganese 25mg, iodine 0.6mg, selenium 0.35mg, ethoxyquinoline 0.6g, soya-bean oil 5g, coban 6g, surplus is a zeolite powder carrier.
2) component of particulate material B is processed into particle by the method for secondary granulation, gets the particle of 70 mass parts and evenly mixes back spraying sucrose molasses with the compressing tablet corn of 20 mass parts, the compressing tablet wheat of 7 mass parts, and sucrose molasses addition is 3 mass parts.
Processing technology:
A, once pulverizing mixing: corn that process is just clear and dregs of beans are pulverized, mixing, pulverizing employing 2.0mm sieve sheet.
B, once granulation: above-mentioned material enters modified chamber and carries out the steam regulation of texture, conditioning of texture granulation, obtains particle A.80 ℃ of refining temperatures, modulating time are 60s, ring mode diameter 4mm, compression ratio 4.
C, secondary pulverize and mix: particle A and fermented bean dregs, expanded soybean, soy protein concentrate, whey powder, molasses, sucrose, glucose, amino acid, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, stone flour, salt, calf premix, fertile lactic acid, ethoxyquinoline, calcium propionate are pulverized, mixed the mixture homogeneity coefficient of variation≤10% with the sucrose molasses with 2.0mm sieve sheet.
D, secondary are granulated: the secondary pulverizing is mixed the product that obtains carry out the modified granulation of secondary, obtain particle B.40 ℃ of refining temperatures, modulating time are 30s, ring mode diameter 3mm, compression ratio 6.
E, with particle B cooling (cool time 7min, cooling air quantity 1700m
3), the particle B with 70 mass parts is sprayed on particle B and compressing tablet cereal surface with the sucrose molasses of 3 mass parts with the compressing tablet corn of 20 mass parts, the compressing tablet wheat of 7 mass parts after even the mixing then, promptly obtains calf opening material of the present invention.
The composition of embodiment 2, calf opening feed and preparation
The prescription of calf opening feed:
1) particulate material B is made up of the component of following mass parts: selected corn 55, dregs of beans 20, fermented bean dregs 4, expanded soybean 3, soy protein concentrate 3, whey powder 6, sucrose molasses 2, sucrose 1, glucose 1, lysine 0.8, methionine 0.06, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.5, stone flour 1.0, salt 0.6, calf premix 1, fertile lactic acid (acidulant) 0.2, ethoxyquinoline (antioxidant) 0.05, calcium propionate (mould inhibitor) 0.05, wherein, the composition of described calf premix is with embodiment 1.
2) component of the particulate material B method of granulating by secondary is processed into particle, spray the sucrose molasses after the compressing tablet wheat of getting compressing tablet corn, 8 mass parts of the particle B of 80 mass parts and 10 mass parts evenly mixes, and sucrose molasses addition is 2 mass parts.
Processing technology:
A, once pulverizing mixing: corn that process is just clear and dregs of beans are pulverized, mixing, pulverizing employing 2.5mm sieve sheet.
B, once granulation: above-mentioned material enters modified chamber and carries out the steam regulation of texture, conditioning of texture granulation, obtains particle A.85 ℃ of refining temperatures, modulating time are 50s, ring mode diameter 4.5mm, compression ratio 5.
C, secondary pulverize and mix: particle A and fermented bean dregs, expanded soybean, soy protein concentrate, whey powder, sucrose, glucose, amino acid, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, stone flour, salt, premix, fertile lactic acid, ethoxyquinoline, calcium propionate are pulverized, mixed the mixture homogeneity coefficient of variation≤10% with the sucrose molasses with 1.5mm sieve sheet.
D, secondary are granulated: the secondary pulverizing is mixed the product that obtains carry out the modified granulation of secondary, obtain particle B.45 ℃ of refining temperatures, modulating time are 20s, ring mode diameter 3.5mm, compression ratio 7.
E, with particle B cooling (cool time 8min, cooling air quantity 1600m
3), the particle B with 80 mass parts is sprayed on particle B and compressing tablet cereal surface with the sucrose molasses of 2 mass parts with the compressing tablet corn of 10 mass parts, the compressing tablet wheat of 8 mass parts after even the mixing then, promptly obtains calf opening material of the present invention.
The composition of embodiment 3, calf opening feed and preparation
The prescription of calf opening feed:
1) particulate material B is made up of the component of following mass parts: selected corn 59, dregs of beans 10, fermented bean dregs 10, expanded soybean 0, soy protein concentrate 0, whey powder 10, sucrose molasses 2, sucrose 1, glucose 1, lysine 1.0, methionine 0.15, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2.5, stone flour 1.2, salt 0.8, calf premix 1.4, fertile lactic acid (acidulant) 0.4, ethoxyquinoline (antioxidant) 0.05, calcium propionate (mould inhibitor) 0.05, wherein, the composition of described calf premix is with embodiment 1.
2) component of particulate material B is processed into particle by the method for secondary granulation, gets the particle B of 60 mass parts and sprays the sucrose molasses with the compressing tablet corn of 20 mass parts, the compressing tablet wheat of 16 mass parts after even the mixing, and sucrose molasses addition is 4 mass parts.
Processing technology:
A, once pulverizing mixing: corn that process is just clear and dregs of beans are pulverized, mixing, pulverizing employing 3.0mm sieve sheet.
B, once granulation: above-mentioned material enters brewing chamber and carries out the steam regulation of texture, conditioning of texture granulation, obtains particle A.90 ℃ of refining temperatures, modulating time are 40s, ring mode diameter 5mm, compression ratio 5.
C, secondary pulverize and mix: with particle A and raw material: raw materials such as fermented bean dregs, expanded soybean, soy protein concentrate, whey powder, sucrose, glucose, amino acid, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, stone flour, salt, premix, fertile lactic acid, ethoxyquinoline, calcium propionate are pulverized, are mixed the mixture homogeneity coefficient of variation≤10% with the sucrose molasses with 1.0mm sieve sheet.
D, secondary are granulated: the secondary pulverizing is mixed the product that obtains carry out the modified granulation of secondary, obtain particle B.50 ℃ of refining temperatures, modulating time are 10s, ring mode diameter 4mm, compression ratio 8.
E, with particle B cooling (cool time 9min, cooling air quantity 1500m
3), the particle B with 60 mass parts is sprayed on particle B and compressing tablet cereal surface with the sucrose molasses of 4 mass parts with the compressing tablet corn of 20 mass parts, the compressing tablet wheat of 16 mass parts after even the mixing then, promptly obtains calf opening material of the present invention.
The composition of embodiment 4, calf opening feed and preparation
The prescription of calf opening feed:
1) particulate material B is made up of the component of following mass parts: selected corn 59, dregs of beans 10, fermented bean dregs 10, expanded soybean 0, soy protein concentrate 0, whey powder 10, sucrose molasses 2, sucrose 1, glucose 1, lysine 1.0, methionine 0.15, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2.5, stone flour 1.2, salt 0.4, calf premix 1.4, fertile lactic acid agent 0.4, ethoxyquinoline 0.05, calcium propionate 0.05, wherein, the composition of described calf premix is with embodiment 1.
2) component of particulate material B is processed into particle by the method for secondary granulation, gets the particle of 65 mass parts and sprays the sucrose molasses with the compressing tablet corn of 20 mass parts, the wheat of 12 mass parts after even the mixing, and sucrose molasses addition is 3 mass parts.
Processing technology is with embodiment 3.
The composition of embodiment 5, calf opening feed and preparation
The prescription of calf opening feed:
1) particulate material B is made up of the component of following mass parts: selected corn 59, dregs of beans 10, fermented bean dregs 11, expanded soybean 0, soy protein concentrate 0, whey powder 10, sucrose molasses 2, sucrose 1, glucose 1.5, lysine 1.0, methionine 0.15, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2.0, stone flour 1.0, salt 0.5, calf premix 1.0, fertile lactic acid (acidulant) 0.3, ethoxyquinoline (antioxidant) 0.05, calcium propionate (mould inhibitor) 0.05, wherein, the composition of described calf premix is with embodiment 1.
2) component of the particulate material A method of granulating by secondary is processed into particle, spray the sucrose molasses after the wheat of getting compressing tablet corn, 8 mass parts of the particle of 75 mass parts and 15 mass parts evenly mixes, and sucrose molasses addition is 2 mass parts.
Processing technology is with embodiment 3.
The effect test of the calf opening feed of embodiment 6, embodiment 1 preparation
Test site: two baby cattle farms, Hebei.
Experimental design and test daily ration: the single-factor design is adopted in test, selects 10 newborn He Sitan bull calf oxen for use, is divided into 2 groups according to body weight and date of birth phase approximately principle, 5 every group; Experimental period, is from being born back 4 days to 60 ages in days; The test daily ration is embodiment 1 daily ration, the control group daily ration is for reflecting effect calf opening material A preferably in the market, and primary raw material comprises corn, wheat bran, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, salt, stone flour, sodium bicarbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, trace element, vitamin, amino acid, yeast culture, coban, vegetative grease etc.
Feeding and management: separate with cow immediately after the birth of test calf, single cage is raised, and every calf floor space is about 3 square metres.The colostrum of after birth, feeding in the 2h.The normal breast that began to feed in the 4th day, and the opening material that begins to feed tests, and the hay of high-quality is provided simultaneously.The milk scale of feeding is 4kg every day from 4 ages in days to 30 ages in days, feeds every day 3 times; 30 ages in days are to the 45 ages in days 2kg that feeds every day, the number of feeding every day 2 times; The wean of 45 ages in days.The full phase free choice feeding of feeding of opening material, and the drinking-water of cleaning is provided.
Testing index and method:
The feed intake of every calf of record every day was weighed in 45 days, 60 days after on-test.Duration of test observes and writes down the diarrhoea situation of test calf every day, calculates diarrhea rate.Calculate 4-45 days, 45-60 days average daily gain, average daily ingestion amount, diarrhea rate, the results are shown in Table 1.Diarrhea rate calculates according to following formula:
Diarrhea rate (%)=(a diarrhoea number * diarrhoea fate) * 100/ (an animal number * test fate)
The measurement result of table 1, each index
(annotate: p≤0.05 significant difference; P≤0.001 difference highly significant)
As can be seen from the test results, the diarrhea rate to 45 days test group was lower than control group and difference highly significant in 4 days, compared with control group in 45 to 60 days, and the test group diarrhea rate has descended 30%; The test group daily ration has palatability preferably to calf, and the average daily ingestion amount of test group was higher than control group in 4 days to 45 days, 45 days to 60 days, and significant difference was 4 days to 45 days difference highly significants.Average daily ingestion amount reached 818.26g in 45-60 days, can realize wean in 45 days smoothly; Test group test group average daily gain in 4 days to 45 days, 45 days to 60 days is also apparently higher than control group, significant difference.Therefore, compare with the control group daily ration, the test daily ration has palatability preferably, can realize early weaning in 45 days, can effectively control the calf diarrhea incidence, promotes the growth of calf.
The effect test of the calf opening feed of embodiment 7, embodiment 2 preparations
Test site: two baby cattle farms, Hebei
Experimental design, feeding and management, testing index are with embodiment 6, the test group daily ration is embodiment 2 daily rations, the control group daily ration is market reflection effect opening material B preferably, and primary raw material comprises corn, wheat bran, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, salt, stone flour, sodium bicarbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, trace element, vitamin, amino acid, yeast culture, colistine sulfate, vegetative grease etc.The results are shown in Table 2.
The measurement result of table 2, each index
(annotate: p≤0.05 significant difference; P≤0.001 difference highly significant)
As can be seen from the test results, 4 days to 45 days, the 45 days diarrhea rates to 60 days test group all are lower than control group and significant difference; The test group daily ration has palatability preferably to calf, and the average daily ingestion amount of test group was higher than control group in 4 days to 45 days, 45 days to 60 days, the difference highly significant.45-60 days average daily ingestion amount way 876.08g can realize wean in 45 days smoothly; Test group test group average daily gain in 4 days to 45 days, 45 days to 60 days also is significantly higher than control group.Average daily gain reached 850g in 45-60 days.Therefore compare with the control group daily ration, the test daily ration has palatability preferably, can realize early weaning in 45 days, can effectively control the calf diarrhea incidence, promotes the growth of calf.
The effect test of the calf opening feed of embodiment 8, embodiment 3 preparations
Test site: two baby cattle farms, Hebei
Experimental design, feeding and management, testing index are with embodiment 6, the test daily ration is embodiment 3 daily rations, the control group daily ration is market reflection effect opening material C preferably, and primary raw material comprises corn, dregs of beans, dairy products, salt, stone flour, sodium bicarbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, trace element, vitamin, amino acid, yeast culture, colistine sulfate, vegetative grease etc.The results are shown in Table 3.
The measurement result of table 3, each index
(annotate: p≤0.05 significant difference; P≤0.001 difference highly significant)
As can be seen from the test results, 4 days to 45 days, the 45 days diarrhea rates to 60 days test group all are lower than control group and significant difference; The test group daily ration has palatability preferably to calf, and the average daily ingestion amount of test group was higher than control group in 4 days to 45 days, 45 days to 60 days, and the average daily ingestion amount of test group was significantly higher than control group in 4 days to 45 days.The average daily ingestion amount of test group reached 810.26g in 45 days to 60 days, can realize early weaning in 45 days; Test group test group average daily gain in 4 days to 45 days, 45 days to 60 days also is significantly higher than control group.45 days to 60 days average daily gain highly significant is in control group.Therefore compare with the control group daily ration, the test daily ration has palatability preferably, can realize early weaning in 45 days, can effectively control the calf diarrhea incidence, promotes the growth of calf.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a calf opening material comprises the steps:
A, once pulverizing mixing: adopt the sieve sheet of 2.0-3.0mm that corn and dregs of beans are pulverized, mixed, get material 1;
B, once granulation: described material 1 is carried out steam regulation of texture, conditioning of texture, granulation, obtain particle A; Described refining temperature is 80 ℃-90 ℃, and the modified time is 40s-60s;
C, secondary are pulverized and are mixed: all adopt the sieve sheet of 1.0-2.0mm to pulverize, mix with molasses following raw material, get material 2; Described raw material is: the particle A that step b obtains, fermented bean dregs, expanded soybean, soy protein concentrate, whey powder, sucrose, glucose, lysine, methionine, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, stone flour, salt, calf premix, acidulant, antioxidant and mould inhibitor;
D, secondary are granulated: the secondary pulverizing is mixed the material 2 that obtains carry out modified, granulation, obtain particulate material B; Described refining temperature is 40 ℃-50 ℃, and the modified time is 10s-30s;
E, with particle B cooling, get the particulate material B of 60-80 mass parts and the compressing tablet cereal of 17-36 mass parts then and mix, follow the surface that the molasses of 2-4 mass parts is sprayed on described particle B and compressing tablet maslin, promptly obtain described calf opening material;
Wherein, described particulate material B is made up of following materials in parts by mass: corn 45-60, dregs of beans 10-20, fermented bean dregs 4-10, expanded soybean 0-5, soy protein concentrate 0-5, whey powder 5-10, molasses 1-3, sucrose 1-2, glucose 1-2, lysine 0.8-1.0, methionine 0.05-0.15, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.5-2.5, stone flour 0.8-1.2, salt 0.4-0.8, calf premix 1-1.4, acidulant 0.2-0.4, antioxidant 0.05 and mould inhibitor 0.05;
The described calf premix of per kilogram contains vitamin A 40000IU, vitamin D 6000IU, vitamin E 60mg, vitamin K 5mg, Cobastab
14mg, Cobastab
250mg, Cobastab
630mg, Cobastab
120.02mg, nicotinic acid 55mg, vitamin C 65mg, copper 8.2mg, iron 53mg, zinc 64mg, manganese 25mg, iodine 0.6mg, selenium 0.35mg, ethoxyquinoline 0.6g, soya-bean oil 5g, coban 6g, surplus is a zeolite powder carrier.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step b), during described granulation, the diameter of the ring mould of employing is 4-5mm, and ring mould compression ratio is 4-5.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the step c), and the mixture homogeneity coefficient of variation≤10% of described raw material.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step d), during described granulation, the diameter of the ring mould of employing is 3-4mm, and ring mould compression ratio is 6-8.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step e), the cooling air quantity of described particle B cooling is 1500-1700m
3, be 7-9min cool time.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described compressing tablet cereal is selected from following at least a: compressing tablet corn, compressing tablet wheat and compressing tablet oat.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described compressing tablet cereal is made up of compressing tablet corn and compressing tablet wheat, and wherein the mass ratio of compressing tablet corn and compressing tablet wheat is 10-20: 7-16.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described molasses are the sucrose molasses.
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| CN101869177A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-10-27 | 德州天恩饲料有限公司 | Novel process for producing feed |
| CN102599366B (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-08-14 | 吉林省金沃科技有限公司 | Preparation method of deeply cooked pig feed |
| CN102640850A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-08-22 | 青岛和美饲料有限公司 | New process for feed production |
| CN102907586A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-06 | 南乐县金地饲料有限公司 | Method for processing piglet compound feed |
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| CN103380944B (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2015-08-19 | 杭州青春元生物制品有限公司 | A kind of quick-fried preparation method of speed of short appetite type feedstuff |
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