CN101679927B - 包含烷基苯磺酸盐的去污添加剂挤出物 - Google Patents
包含烷基苯磺酸盐的去污添加剂挤出物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101679927B CN101679927B CN2008800163567A CN200880016356A CN101679927B CN 101679927 B CN101679927 B CN 101679927B CN 2008800163567 A CN2008800163567 A CN 2008800163567A CN 200880016356 A CN200880016356 A CN 200880016356A CN 101679927 B CN101679927 B CN 101679927B
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- detergent additive
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- detergent
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- -1 fatty acid alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- KLFHRQOZJWCFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1-[(3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)methyl]piperidine Chemical compound C1C(C)CCCN1CN1CC(C)CCC1 KLFHRQOZJWCFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
- C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
- C11D10/042—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on anionic surface-active compounds and soap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
- C11D13/14—Shaping
- C11D13/18—Shaping by extrusion or pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/046—Salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/08—Silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明提供了去污添加剂挤出物,所述挤出物包含约0.5%至约20%的烷基苯磺酸盐、约0.5%至约15%的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物、约20%至约80%的水溶性无机盐、以及2%至10%的水分含量。本发明还提供了用于制备所述去污添加剂挤出物的方法以及包含所述去污添加剂挤出物的颗粒状衣物洗涤剂,所述去污添加剂挤出物具有改善的物理稳定性、溶解特性和易于处理特性。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及包含烷基苯磺酸盐的去污添加剂挤出物、用于制备所述挤出物的方法、以及包含所述挤出物的组合物。具体地讲,本发明涉及去污添加剂挤出物,所述挤出物具有改善的物理稳定性、溶解特性和易于处理特性,同时总成本较低。
发明背景
去污添加剂挤出物被用于颗粒状洗涤剂组合物中来作为某些添加剂组分的载体和/或向熟知的颗粒状洗涤剂组合物赋予具有美感的外观。此类去污添加剂挤出物可以“条状物”形式提供。如本文所用,术语“条状物”用于涉及一般为圆柱体状的颗粒。通过使糊剂通过挤出机模板的孔洞挤出,然后将挤出物切割成具有期望长度的片段来制得所述颗粒。迄今为止,由于烷基苯磺酸盐的粘性以及配制人员需要努力平衡的各种其它考虑因素,因此制备具有令人满意的物理稳定性、溶解速度和易于处理性、同时总成本较低的包含烷基苯磺酸盐的去污添加剂挤出物是一项挑战。例如,从易于处理观点上看,去污添加剂挤出物的糊剂制剂应具有足够的塑性以便能够通过挤出机的孔洞顺利挤出,但是又不能太软和太粘而以致于造成挤出物粘在一起、弯曲或溶胀。另一方面,挤出物不应太硬和太脆而以致需要使用昂贵的高功率挤出设备,并且不应趋于破碎成不可取的小片。
某些参考文献已提出,使用高含量的皂作为去污添加剂条状物中的主要成分。然而,他们认识到,此类条状物的水溶性和溶解速率将成为另一个问题,因为皂在温热的水中通常不具有可接受的溶解度。其它已知的用于去污添加剂挤出物的制剂和方法需要特殊材料来满足挤出物的物理特性,和/或技术复杂的昂贵挤出设备,因此挤出物的总成本较高。
因此,仍需要具有改善的物理稳定性、溶解特性和易于处理性、同时总成本较低的包含烷基苯磺酸盐的去污添加剂挤出物。
发明概述
通过大量的研究和实验,本发明的发明人已发现了满足上述要求的去污添加剂挤出物最佳配方。具体地讲,本文的去污添加剂挤出物包含按重量计约0.5%至约20%的烷基苯磺酸盐、约0.5%至约15%的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物和约10%至约80%的水溶性无机盐,其中水分在所述去污添加剂挤出物中的含量为约2%至10%,并且所述去污添加剂挤出物具有约0.25毫米至约2毫米范围内的平均横向尺寸和约2至约20毫米范围内的平均纵向尺寸。已发现,本文的去污添加剂挤出物具有改善的物理稳定性和水中溶解速率。此外,挤出前的去污添加剂挤出物块团具有最优化的粘度,这使得可使用技术复杂度较低的低功率挤出设备,因此本文去污添加剂挤出物的总成本较低。
在本发明的另一方面,本文的去污添加剂挤出物还包含按重量计约0.5%至约20%的C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐。不受理论的束缚,据信本文去污添加剂挤出物中的C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐可进一步强化挤出物,使挤出物的外观平滑,并且在处理时润滑挤出设备。
在本发明的另一方面,还提供了包含约0.1%至约10%本文去污添加剂挤出物的颗粒状洗涤剂组合物。
在本发明的另一方面,还提供了用于制备所述去污添加剂挤出物的方法。本文的方法包括下列步骤:
(i)在搅拌器中混合所有成分以形成基本上均匀的团块;
(ii)使所述均匀团块通过挤出设备的模板孔洞挤出以形成湿条束;
(iii)干燥所述湿条束;以及
(iv)将所述湿条束分成具有指定长度的片段;
其中所述模板孔洞具有约0.25mm至约2mm的平均直径。
发明详述
如本文所用,术语“水溶性”是指,在环境条件下,在25摄氏度下,组分可以按重量计至少约0.25%的量溶解或者分散(以提供胶束溶液)于水中。
除非另外指明,本文的所有比率、百分比和份数均按重量计。除非另外指明,所有涉及去污添加剂挤出物组分的比率、百分比和份数均按去污添加剂挤出物的总重量计。除非另外指明,所有涉及颗粒状洗涤剂组合物其它组分的比率、百分比和份数均按颗粒状洗涤剂组合物的总重量计。
烷基苯磺酸盐
本文的去污添加剂挤出物包含约0.5%至约20%或约1%至约10%的烷基苯磺酸盐。在所述去污添加剂挤出物中,除了用作清洁活性成分以外,所述烷基苯磺酸盐还同时起到粘合组分的功用。适用于本文的烷基苯磺酸盐可包括任何通常用于液体和/或固体洗涤剂产品中的那些。示例性的烷基苯磺酸盐是C10-16烷基苯磺酸的碱金属盐。所述烷基优选是直链的,并且此类直链烷基苯磺酸盐被称为“LAS”。烷基苯磺酸盐,尤其是LAS,是本领域熟知的。此类表面活性剂和它们的制备方法描述于例如美国专利US2,220,099和US 2,477,383。尤其优选线性直链烷基苯磺酸钠和苯磺酸钾,其中所述烷基中碳原子的平均数为约11至14。C11-C14 LAS钠盐是烷基苯磺酸盐的具体实例。
在本文优选的非限制性具体实施方案中,去污添加剂挤出物包含约2%至约10%的C12直链烷基苯磺酸钠。
水溶性含羧酸根聚合物
本文的去污添加剂挤出物包含约0.5%至约15%或约1%至约10%的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物。不受理论的束缚,据信可用于本文的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物在其润湿变稠和变粘时将干燥固体原料粘合在一起并且在干燥后变为固体,因此改善了去污添加剂挤出物的物理稳定性。此外,水溶性含羧酸根聚合物的存在改善了去污添加剂挤出物的溶解速率。
“含羧酸根聚合物”在本文中是指包含至少一个单体单元的聚合物或共聚物,所述单体单元包含至少一个羧酸根官能团,诸如均聚或共聚的聚羧酸或它们的盐。可通过使适宜的不饱和单体(优选为它们的酸形式)聚合或共聚,来制得此类含羧酸根聚合物。可聚合形成本文适宜水溶性含羧酸根聚合物的不饱和单体酸包括丙烯酸、马来酸(或马来酸酐)、富马酸、衣康酸、乌头酸、中康酸、柠康酸和甲叉基丙二酸。本文的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物还可包含不含羧基的单体链段,诸如乙烯基甲基醚、苯乙烯、乙烯等。
本文尤其适宜的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物可衍生自丙烯酸。可用于本文的此类基于丙烯酸的聚合物是聚合丙烯酸的水溶性盐。酸形式的此类聚合物的平均分子量优选在约2,000至1,000,000,或约10,000至150,000,或约20,000至100,000范围内。此类丙烯酸聚合物的水溶性盐可包括例如碱金属盐、铵盐和取代的铵盐。此类适宜聚合物是已知材料。基于丙烯酸/马来酸的共聚物也可被用作优选的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物。此类物质包括丙烯酸和马来酸共聚物的水溶性盐。酸形式的此类共聚物的平均分子量优选在约2,000至100,000,或约5,000至75,000,或约7,000至65,000的范围内。此共聚物中丙烯酸链段与马来酸链段的比率一般在约30∶1至约1∶1,或约10∶1至2∶1范围内。此类丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物的水溶性盐可包括例如碱金属盐、铵盐和取代的铵盐。此类适宜的丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物是已知材料,其被描述于1982年12月15日公布的欧洲专利申请66915中。尤其优选平均分子量为约70,000的马来酸/丙烯酸共聚物。此类共聚物可以商品名SOKALAN CP5从BASF商购获得。可用于本文的其它适宜的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物包括纤维素衍生物,诸如羧甲基纤维素(CMC)。所述CMC聚合物优选具有介于20,000至500,000之间,或介于100,000至300,000之间,或介于150,000至250,000之间的重均分子量,并且具有介于0.3至0.9之间,或介于0.4至0.8之间,或介于0.45至0.7之间的羧甲基平均取代度(DS)。羧甲基纤维素可用作与常规阳离子诸如钠、钾、胺或取代的胺形成的盐。适宜CMC聚合物的实例是Finnfix BDA(Noviant)、Tylose CR1500G2(Clariant)、Carbose编号D65、D72、LT-30和LT-20(PennCarbose)。
水溶性无机盐
本文的去污添加剂挤出物包含约20%至约80%的一种或多种水溶性无机盐。本文的水溶性无机盐用作载体材料和稳定剂。
可用于本文的水溶性无机盐包括但不限于碱金属磷酸盐(由多磷酸盐、焦磷酸盐和玻璃状聚合偏磷酸盐示例)、碱金属硅酸盐、碱金属碳酸盐(包括碳酸氢盐)、碱金属硫酸盐和碱金属硅铝酸盐。在本文的一个实施方案中,所述去污添加剂挤出物包含约20%至约40%的碱金属碳酸盐和约20%至约40%的碱金属硫酸盐。
脂肪酸碱金属盐
在一个优选的实施方案中,所述去污添加剂挤出物还包含约0.5%至约20%或约1%至约10%的具有约8至约20个碳原子的脂肪酸碱金属盐,即C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐。据信C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐可进一步强化所述挤出物的物理稳定性,使挤出物的外观平滑,并且润滑挤出设备。
适用于本文的C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐包括通常用于条皂中的那些。优选C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐,尤其是衍生自椰油和牛油混合物的那些。如对本领域的技术人员而言显而易见的,也可使用由其它脂肪制成的C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐。本文的脂肪酸通常包含8至20个,优选约12至约18个碳原子。本文优选的市售C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐一般基于得自各种天然源的脂肪酸混合物。椰油、牛油和棕榈油硬脂精是可用于本文的C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐可用来源。其它适宜的来源包括术语“椰油”涵盖的棕榈仁油和巴西榈仁油,橄榄油和合成脂肪酸,例如牛油。本文尤其可用的C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐是衍生自椰油、棕榈仁油、牛油和/或棕榈油硬脂精的脂肪酸混合物的钠盐和钾盐,例如牛油钠或牛油钾,以及椰油钠或椰油钾。优选的C8-C20脂肪酸碱金属盐混合物是按重量计比例在80∶20至50∶50范围内的牛油/(椰油或棕榈仁油)钠盐。从水溶解度、易于获得性、易于处理性以及它们合意的性能特征观点上看,这些混合物是优选的。
其它表面活性剂
除了上述烷基苯磺酸盐以外,所述去污添加剂挤出物还包含一种或多种通常用于液体或固体洗涤剂中的非皂型表面活性剂,诸如烷基硫酸盐、乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐、非离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂等。还被称为烷基醚硫酸盐或烷基多乙氧基化硫酸盐的乙氧基化的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂是符合下式的那些:R′-O-(C2H4O)n-SO3M,其中R′是C8-C20烷基,n为约1至20,并且M是成盐阳离子。
可用于本文的适宜非离子表面活性剂可包含通常用于液体和/或固体洗涤剂产品中的常规非离子表面活性剂类型中的任一种。它们包括烷氧基化的脂肪醇和氧化胺表面活性剂。可用于本文的适宜醇烷氧基化非离子表面活性剂可符合通式:R1(CmH2mO)nOH,其中R1是C8-C16烷基,m为2至4,并且n在约2至12的范围内。可用于本文的另一种适宜类型的非离子表面活性剂包括氧化胺表面活性剂。氧化胺是在本领域通常称为“半极性”非离子物的物质。氧化胺具有式:R(EO)x(PO)y(BO)zN(O)(CH2R′)2.qH2O。在该式中,R是较长链烃基部分,其可以是饱和或不饱和的、直链或支链的并且可包含8个至20个,或10个至16个碳原子。R′为短链部分,优选选自氢、甲基和-CH2OH。当x+y+z不是0时,EO是乙烯氧基,PO是丙烯氧基,并且BO是丁烯氧基。氧化胺表面活性剂由C12-14烷基二甲基氧化胺例示。
阳离子表面活性剂是本领域熟知的,它们的非限制性实例包括季铵表面活性剂,其可以含有最多26个碳原子。另外的实例包括a)烷氧基化季铵(AQA)表面活性剂,如US 6,136,769中所论述;b)二甲基羟基乙基季铵,如6,004,922中所述;c)聚胺阳离子表面活性剂,如WO 98/35002、WO 98/35003、WO 98/35004、WO 98/35005和WO 98/35006中所述;d)阳离子酯表面活性剂,如美国专利4,228,042、4,239,660、4,260,529和US6,022,844中所述;和e)氨基表面活性剂,如US 6,221,825和WO00/47708中所述,具体地讲是酰氨基丙基二甲基胺(APA)。
其它成分
本文的去污添加剂挤出物可包含多种通常用于衣物洗涤剂中的其它成分,所述其它成分包括常规的衣物洗涤剂组合物组分,诸如染料、去污助洗剂、酶、酶稳定剂(诸如丙二醇、硼酸和/或硼砂)、抑泡剂、污垢悬浮剂、去垢剂、其它织物护理有益剂、pH调节剂、螯合剂、绿土粘土、溶剂、水溶助长剂和相稳定剂、结构化试剂、光学增白剂和香料。多种任选洗涤剂组合物成分,如果存在于本文组合物中的话,应当以常规地用可对组合物或洗涤操作产生期望贡献的浓度使用。在很多情况下,此类任选成分的总量按所述去污添加剂挤出物的重量计可在约0.01%至约50%,更优选约1%至约30%的范围内。
在具体的优选实施方案中,所述去污添加剂挤出物被染色,并且染料与其它组分混合以制得去污添加剂挤出物。优选的颜色为蓝色、绿色和粉红色,并且适宜染料的实例包括单星绿BNV、群青蓝以及群青蓝与黄色颜料的混合物。染料可适宜地以按重量计最多0.5%,或0.01%至0.4%的量存在于所述去污添加剂挤出物中。
水分含量
本文的去污添加剂挤出物具有约2%至约10%或约4%至约7%的水分含量。已惊奇地发现,本文去污添加剂挤出物中的水分含量是确保挤出物具有所需物理稳定性和溶解速率的关键。具体地讲,当水分含量低于2%时,所述挤出物将变得易碎,并且趋于破碎成不可取的小片。另一方面,虽然更高的水分含量可获得更好的物理稳定性,但是高于10%的水分含量则将显著降低去污添加剂挤出物的溶解速率以及显著降低去污添加剂挤出物在储存和运输期间的稳定性,所述去污添加剂挤出物趋于结块在一起。
去污添加剂挤出物中的水分来自于用于制备去污添加剂挤出物的原料。如果需要,可在混合步骤中加入额外的水。通过测定在160℃烘箱中将给定量的去污添加剂挤出物干燥2小时后它们的重量损失,可确定去污添加剂挤出物中的水分含量。
用于制备去污添加剂挤出物的方法
本文的去污添加剂挤出物可由下述方法制得,该方法包括下列步骤:
(i)在搅拌器中混合所有成分以形成基本上均匀的团块;
(ii)使所述团块通过挤出设备的模板孔洞挤出以形成湿条束;
(iii)干燥所述湿条束;以及
(iv)将所述湿条束分成具有指定长度的片段;
其中所述模板孔洞具有约0.25mm至约2mm的平均直径。
“均匀的”是指挤出前所有原料的混合物具有潮湿、均匀的质构,以使得自混合物的挤出物具有均匀的性质。本文可使用本领域已知的各种搅拌器、挤出设备和干燥设备。可用于本文的示例性搅拌器包括螺条混合机、桨式搅拌器、旋转搅拌器、混凝土搅拌器等。优选可同时共混和分散材料的具有调制盘叶片的高剪切间歇式旋转搅拌器。此类搅拌器通常用于共混粉末和液体材料,并且是本领域熟知的。典型的挤出设备是单螺杆或双螺杆挤出机,其主要在轴向工作用于挤出,但也可水平工作,这取决于所述方法的速率要求。除了常规的挤出设备以外,本文可使用技术较不复杂、功率较低的挤出设备,因为本文去污添加剂挤出物的最优化配方使得能够使用此类低成本挤出设备,诸如由Fuji Paudal Co.Ltd.提供的单螺杆挤出机。在一个非限制性实施方案中,可用于本文的挤出设备是长度/直径比率为2至40并且功率为2kw至150kw的挤出机。
基本上均匀的团块通过挤出设备的开孔筛网挤出以形成湿条束,所述条束具有约250微米至约2毫米或约600微米至约900微米范围内的平均横向尺寸。然后通过常规的干燥方法,诸如在旋转式干燥器、带式干燥器、强迫通风式干燥器或流化床干燥器上干燥,或阳光干燥,来干燥湿条束,并且使其分成具有所期望长度的片段。干燥后,去污添加剂挤出物的水分含量应从约10%-30%降低至约2%-10%。在本文的一个非限制性实施方案中,干燥后拉长的挤出物分离成平均纵向尺寸在2毫米至约20毫米,或约3毫米至约10毫米,或约4毫米至约9毫米范围内的去污添加剂挤出物。
本文的衣物洗涤去污添加剂挤出物优选具有约1∶1至约13∶1,或3∶1至约10∶1的平均纵向∶横向尺寸比率。在此上下文中,“平均”是指简单的数平均。
颗粒状洗涤剂组合物
本发明还提供了包含本文所述去污添加剂挤出物的颗粒状洗涤剂组合物。优选的颗粒状洗涤剂组合物包含约0.1%至约10%或约0.5%至约3%的去污添加剂挤出物。除了去污添加剂挤出物以外,本文的颗粒状洗涤剂组合物还可包含约5%至约40%的通常用于颗粒状洗涤剂领域的表面活性剂,诸如与上文所述的去污添加剂挤出物中的表面活性剂组分相关的那些。本文的颗粒状洗涤剂组合物还可包含按重量计约10%至约60%的一种或多种助洗剂。助洗剂是本领域技术人员熟知的,并且包括三聚磷酸钠、正磷酸钠和焦磷酸钠;晶形和非晶形硅铝酸钠;碳酸钠;以及多元羧酸盐单体和聚合物,例如柠檬酸钠、聚丙烯酸盐和丙烯酸共聚物。其它无机盐例如硅酸钠或硫酸钠也可被包含在本文的颗粒状洗涤剂组合物中。所述颗粒状洗涤剂组合物还一般包含各种添加剂以增强产品的功效,值得关注的是漂白剂体系、抗再沉淀剂、荧光剂、抑泡剂、酶和香料。
可通过简单地将去污添加剂挤出物与颗粒状洗涤剂组合物基料粉末混合来制得本文的颗粒状洗涤剂组合物。可由本领域已知的任何适宜方法,诸如标准喷雾干燥方法或附聚方法来制得颗粒状洗涤剂组合物的基料粉末。本领域已知的典型喷雾干燥方法或附聚方法可用于制备所述基料粉末。作为实例,参见描述于以下专利的方法:1992年7月28日公布的美国专利5,133,924;1987年1月20日公布的美国专利4,637,891;1988年2月23日公布的美国专利4,726,908;1992年11月3日公布的美国专利5,160,657;1992年11月17日公布的美国专利5,164,108;1996年10月29日公布的美国专利5,569,645。
然后将基料粉末加入到搅拌器中。由已知的方法,将去污添加剂挤出物和任何其它干加材料以及喷施材料加入到搅拌器中。可用于该方法的一种适宜搅拌器可以为连续圆柱形转筒或以商品名FORBERGTM出售的设备,并且可以常规方式操作所述搅拌器。
测试方法
损耗值
称量10克去污添加剂挤出物,并且将它们放入到直径为约3cm并且长至少约80cm的竖式管中。管底具有直径为0.2mm的孔。高压空气通过所述孔泵入,气流量为约7升/分钟。然后使去污添加剂挤出物连续吹起和降落。气吹10分钟后,取出所有的去污添加剂挤出物,并且用孔径为150微米的筛网将样本筛分5分钟。损耗值是以克为单位的通过筛网的挤出物量占原样本重量(10克)的百分比。
溶解速率值
称量10克去污添加剂挤出物,并且将它们放入到包含1000ml去离子水的烧瓶中。在整个测试期间,使溶液具有20℃的设定温度。用共混机以200RPM的速率持续搅拌所述溶液。用Sartorius PP-50电导计每30秒测定溶液的传导率,直至去污添加剂挤出物完全溶解于所述溶液中,并且所述溶液的传导率达到恒定。画出传导率值对时间(以秒为单位)的校准曲线。将所述溶液达到其95%传导率时的时间记录为所测去污添加剂挤出物的溶解速率值(ROD值)。
实施例
通过按照下表1中示出的团块配方,在食品搅拌器(食品处理器,K600型,由Bolang Germany提供)中将组分混合约5分钟,制得条状预混物团块。在所述混合物达到基本上均匀的状态后,将所述团块通过具有0.8mm直径圆孔的挤出机(单螺杆,实验室顶式径向挤出机,L/D=3,功率=790W,MG-55型,由Fuji Paudal Co.Ltd.提供)模板挤出,以获得湿条束,所述湿条束经由预热烘箱(80℃)干燥,达到指定的最终水分含量。实施例和比较实施例中最终去污添加剂挤出物的配方示于表2中。实施例1和2的去污添加剂挤出物具有约8mm的平均纵向尺寸和约0.8mm的横向尺寸。
表1:团块配方
成分 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 比较例1 | 比较例2 |
LAS表面活性剂糊剂1 | 5g | 5g | 5g | |
AS表面活性剂糊剂2 | 35g | |||
CMC3 | 8g | |||
丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物4 | 8g | |||
皂5 | 2g | |||
碳酸钠 | 42g | 35g | 32g | 47g |
硫酸钠 | 42g | 35g | 32g | 47g |
染料 | 0.4g | 0.4g | 0.4g | 0.4g |
1.LAS表面活性剂糊剂包含45%的C12-C16直链烷基苯磺酸盐(C12-C16 LAS)和55%的水
2.AS表面活性剂糊剂包含73%的椰油脂肪醇硫酸盐和27%的水
3.羧甲基纤维素钠盐具有约200,000的重均分子量
4.丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物具有约70,000的重均分子量
5.皂包含约80%的C16脂肪酸钠盐,余量为硫酸钠和水。
表2:去污添加剂挤出物配方
根据上述测试方法,测定上文实施例和比较实施例中制得的去污添加剂挤出物的损耗值和溶解速率(ROD)值。测试结果示于下表3中。如数据所示,本发明的去污添加剂挤出物具有比比较实施例的去污添加剂挤出物更少的不可取破损。此外,本发明的去污添加剂挤出物具有可接受的溶解速率。
表3
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 比较例1 | 比较例2 | |
平均损耗值 | 13.50% | 13.75% | 45.53% | 100%(非常差) |
ROD值(秒) | 260 | 240 | 400 | 120 |
本文所公开的量纲和值不旨在被理解为严格地限于所述的精确值。相反,除非另外指明,每个这样的量纲旨在表示与所引用的数值和围绕该数值的功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
在发明详述中引用的所有文件都在相关部分中以引用方式并入本文中。对于任何文件的引用不应当被解释为承认其是有关本发明的现有技术。当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时,应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已经举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不背离本发明实质和范围的情况下可以做出多个其他改变和变型。因此,所附权利要求书意欲包括在本发明范围内的所有这样的改变和变型。
Claims (9)
1.一种去污添加剂挤出物,所述去污添加剂挤出物包含:
(a)0.5%重量至20%重量的烷基苯磺酸盐;
(b)0.5%重量至15%重量的水溶性含羧酸根聚合物;
(c)20%重量至80%重量的水溶性无机盐;
其中所述去污添加剂挤出物的水分含量为2%重量至10%重量,并且其中所述去污添加剂挤出物具有0.25毫米至2毫米的平均横向尺寸和2至20毫米的平均纵向尺寸。
2.如权利要求1所述的去污添加剂挤出物,所述去污添加剂挤出物还包含0.5%重量至20%重量的脂肪酸碱金属盐,所述脂肪酸具有包含8至20个碳原子的烷基链。
3.如权利要求1所述的去污添加剂挤出物,其中所述水溶性含羧酸根聚合物选自由下列组成的组:聚丙烯酸、丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物、羧甲基纤维素以及它们的混合物。
4.如权利要求3所述的去污添加剂挤出物,其中所述水溶性含羧酸根聚合物为具有100,000至300,000重均分子量的羧甲基纤维素。
5.如权利要求1所述的去污添加剂挤出物,其中所述去污添加剂挤出物的水分含量为4%重量至7%重量。
6.如权利要求1所述的去污添加剂挤出物,所述去污添加剂挤出物还包含0.01%重量至1%重量的染料。
7.一种用于制备如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的去污添加剂挤出物的方法,所述方法包括下列步骤:
(i)在搅拌器中混合所有所述成分以形成基本上均匀的团块;
(ii)使所述均匀团块通过挤出设备的模板孔洞挤出以形成湿条束;
(iii)干燥所述湿条束;以及
(iv)将所述湿条束分成具有指定长度的片段;
其中所述模板孔洞具有0.25mm至2mm的平均直径。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述挤出设备具有2至40的长度/直径比率和2kw至150kw的功率。
9.一种颗粒状衣物洗涤剂组合物,所述颗粒状衣物洗涤剂组合物包含0.1%重量至10%重量的如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的去污添加剂挤出物。
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GB2321900A (en) | 1997-02-11 | 1998-08-12 | Procter & Gamble | Cationic surfactants |
AU6152098A (en) | 1997-02-11 | 1998-08-26 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Liquid cleaning composition |
WO1998035004A1 (en) | 1997-02-11 | 1998-08-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Solid detergent compositions |
WO1998035005A1 (en) | 1997-02-11 | 1998-08-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | A cleaning composition |
AR012033A1 (es) | 1997-02-11 | 2000-09-27 | Procter & Gamble | Composicion detergente o componente que contiene un surfactante cationico |
EP1752526A3 (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2010-05-26 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Solid detergent compositions |
DE19858887A1 (de) | 1998-12-19 | 2000-06-21 | Henkel Kgaa | Kompaktat mit silicatischem Builder |
US20050187131A1 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2005-08-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular laundry detergent composition comprising a ternary detersive surfactant system and low levels of, or no, zeolite builders and phosphate builders |
-
2008
- 2008-05-09 CN CN2008800163567A patent/CN101679927B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-05-09 BR BRPI0811089-1A2A patent/BRPI0811089A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-05-09 MX MX2009012327A patent/MX2009012327A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2008-05-09 JP JP2010507053A patent/JP2010526202A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-05-09 WO PCT/IB2008/051869 patent/WO2008142606A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-05-09 EP EP08738108A patent/EP2152847A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-05-09 CA CA002684585A patent/CA2684585A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-05-15 US US12/152,487 patent/US7928054B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1604958A (zh) * | 2000-08-30 | 2005-04-06 | 宝洁公司 | 具有改善的溶解度分布图的颗粒漂白活性剂 |
US20070042932A1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Solid laundry detergent composition comprising alkyl benzene sulphonate, carbonate salt and carboxylate polymer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7928054B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 |
WO2008142606A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
BRPI0811089A2 (pt) | 2014-12-09 |
MX2009012327A (es) | 2009-12-01 |
JP2010526202A (ja) | 2010-07-29 |
CN101679927A (zh) | 2010-03-24 |
CA2684585A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
EP2152847A1 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
US20080287339A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
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