CN101670986B - Hoisting system and mobile crane - Google Patents
Hoisting system and mobile crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN101670986B CN101670986B CN2009101745330A CN200910174533A CN101670986B CN 101670986 B CN101670986 B CN 101670986B CN 2009101745330 A CN2009101745330 A CN 2009101745330A CN 200910174533 A CN200910174533 A CN 200910174533A CN 101670986 B CN101670986 B CN 101670986B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hoisting system and a mobile crane comprising the hoisting system. The public hoisting system comprises a rotary table, a stand column, a suspension arm, a mast, a balance device, a hoisting device and a support table; the support table is connected with the stand column in a hinged way and is driven by a support driving mechanism to rotate corresponding to the stand column; the internal end part of the mast is installed on the support table, and the external end part extends backwards; the internal end part of the suspension arm is hinged with the support table; the external end part of the suspension arm extends forwards, and a tensioning mechanism with a preset length is between the external end part of the suspension arm and the external end part of the mast; and the lower part of the balance device is connected with the rotary table, and the upper part thereof is connected with the external end part of the mast. The mobile crane provided by the invention has higher reliability, can improve the work reliability and safety performance of the mobile crane, has convenient transition performance and can improve the conformability of the mobile crane, and the mobile crane can be transported to more positions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lifting technique, particularly relate to a kind of tackling system and a kind of movable crane, as car hosit, crawler crane.
Background technology
Wind energy obtains people day by day as a kind of renewable resource and payes attention to, and wind generator system is all over the world by Large scale construction.Wind generator system generally comprises blower fan tower barrel, and blade and blower fan cabin are equipped with electrical generator, gear case, main shaft in the blower fan cabin.Blade and blower fan cabin are installed in the top ends of blower fan tower barrel.At present, generally between 60 meters to 80 meters, the overall weight in blower fan cabin is approximately 60 tons to 90 tons to the blower fan tower barrel height, and the single weight of big parts such as gear case, electrical generator, blade is approximately 10 tons to 20 tons.And there is the increasing trend of power in wind generator system, so it will have the more parts of Gao Gengchong.Simultaneously, in view of wind generator system utilizes the needs of wind energy, the residing position of wind power plant is general more remote, requires hoisting crane to have the needs that transition makes things convenient for and can adapt to different road environments.Therefore, the hoisting crane that wind generator system is installed and keeped in repair need satisfy the needs of three aspects, and the one, have suitable crane capacity, with the parts of lifting wind generator system, the 2nd, have higher sling height, with the parts of lifting blower fan tower barrel top ends; The 3rd, have stronger road surface traffic potential, with near wind generator system.
With non-moving type, locomotive crane compares, movable crane has that crossing ability is good, maneuverability, moving velocity are fast, can shift, arrive destination advantage such as just can at once devote oneself to work fast; Therefore, current main application movable crane is installed and is keeped in repair wind generator system, and movable crane comprises all terrain crane, rubber tired crane, crawler crane etc. again.
Disclosing in the prior art can be to the movable crane of wind generator system maintenance, such as, Chinese patent literature CN 1028744C discloses a kind of hoisting crane.This hoisting crane comprises rotating base, column, arm; And mode of operation and travelling position two states are arranged.Down, column is in vertical state in working order, and the column bottom is installed on the rotating base, and the inner end of arm and the inner end of mast are hinged on the column top respectively; Link to each other by pull bar between the outer end of arm and the outer end of mast; Simultaneously, the mast outer end also links to each other with rotating base by the back supportive device; Like this, the equilibrium activity by back supportive device, mast and pull bar just can make arm have the ability of the respective weight of bearing, and makes this hoisting crane can carry out corresponding lifting operation.Because the inner end of arm and mast is hinged with column respectively; Simultaneously, column is made up of the two parts that are hinged and connected, and its bottom is also hinged with rotating base.Like this, when the transportation transition, just can column is folding, simultaneously mast and arm are folded, form the travelling position of this hoisting crane.Under travelling position, hoisting crane profile height is low can to facilitate for the crane transition transportation.
In addition, but European patent document EP0997427A1 discloses a kind of rotary tower crane, and this hoisting crane can independently be transformed into travelling position or be transformed into mode of operation from travelling position from mode of operation.Another piece EP1084983A1 also discloses a kind of movable crane, and this hoisting crane can be realized the expansion to the hoisting crane body of the tower easily, and crane arm a kind of simple in structure, safe also is provided.
In general, in the movable crane, the function of mast is the strained condition according to arm, and suitable balancing torque is provided, and with the stressed predetermined value that is no more than of maintenance arm, and then keeps the stable of hoisting crane.But in order to realize the automatic conversion of hoisting crane state, in the prior art, mast all is installed in the top of column by the pivotally attached mode.Like this, when carrying out lifting operation, be easy to produce with column top pivotally attached mast and wave, be difficult to arm suitable balancing torque is provided, the function of the arm of playing stably, and then influence the safety performance of hoisting crane; When serious, also can cause safety misadventure.In a word, movable crane of the prior art can't improve the reliability of lifting operation guaranteeing that its state is changed simultaneously smoothly.
In the hoisting crane that prior art provides, for balance, be connected by steel rope between mast and the rotating base, though having, steel rope twines benefit easily, but also need suitable drum mechanism built to cooperate, its function of steel rope competence exertion, yet, set up drum mechanism built and just need set up suitable driver train and control mechanism etc., this will certainly increase the complexity of crane structure.
In addition, though the hoisting crane of prior art can facilitate for the transition transportation by state exchange, far away for road, when hoisting operation was carried out in very remote place in the region, difficulty was still very big; Particularly be difficult to adapt to I﹠M to wind generator system.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned technical matters, first purpose of the present invention is, a kind of tackling system that can carry out state exchange easily is provided, and improves the reliability of this tackling system lifting operation simultaneously.
Second purpose of the present invention is, provides a kind of comformability stronger movable crane.
In order to realize above-mentioned first purpose, tackling system provided by the invention comprises turntable, column, arm, mast, balancing device and lifting appliance; Described column bottom is hinged with turntable; Described column depends on the driving of the column driver train that is connected between described column and the turntable and rotates with respect to turntable, and difference with the prior art is: described tackling system also comprises brace table;
Described brace table and described column top ends are hinged and connected, and described brace table depends on the driving that is connected the support driving mechanism between described column and the brace table and rotates with respect to column;
Described mast inner end is installed on the described brace table, and stretch out backward the outer end;
Described arm inner end and described brace table are hinged; Stretch out forward described arm outer end, links to each other by the tensioner mechanism with predetermined length between described arm outer end and the mast outer end;
The bottom of described balancing device links to each other with turntable, and top links to each other with the outer end of mast.
Preferably, be provided with lockable mechanism between described brace table and column, with after the column upper surface contacts, described lockable mechanism is with described brace table and column locking in the brace table lower end.
Preferably, also have stop pin between described column and the turntable, when described column was vertical, described stop pin was fixed described principal post and turntable.
Preferably, hinged by last hinge between described mast and the brace table, described mast depends on the driving of the mast driver train that is connected between column and the brace table and rotates with respect to brace table.
Preferably, also have stop pin between described mast and the brace table, in column setting process and tackling system when carrying out hoisting operation, described stop pin is fixed described mast and brace table.
Preferably, described balancing device is that the upper end links to each other with the mast outer end, and the tensioning bindiny mechanism that the lower end links to each other with turntable, described tensioning bindiny mechanism comprise the pull bar that the arm-tie that is hinged and connected by a plurality of orders forms.
Preferably, described tensioning bindiny mechanism also comprises the tensioning driver train, and described tensioning driver train is connected between described pull bar upper end and the mast outer end, or is connected between described pull bar lower end and the turntable.
Preferably, described mast outer end has left fixed part and right fixed part, and left fixed part and right fixed part extend with the right side respectively to the left; Described balancing device comprises two described tensioning bindiny mechanisms, and the upper end of two described tensioning bindiny mechanisms links to each other with right fixed part with described left fixed part respectively.
Preferably, described turntable comprises turntable body and horizontally extending cantilever, and described cantilever and described turntable body are hinged by vertical axis, and described cantilever depends on the driver train that is connected between described turntable body and the cantilever and rotates with respect to the turntable body; Described tensioning bindiny mechanism lower end links to each other with cantilever.
Preferably, it is characterized in that, also comprise luffing device, described luffing device comprises luffing hoisting mechanism and luffing bindiny mechanism, described luffing bindiny mechanism comprises luffing steel rope and amplitude draw-bar, described luffing steel rope lower end links to each other with described luffing hoisting mechanism, and the upper end links to each other with described amplitude draw-bar one end, and the other end of described amplitude draw-bar links to each other with arm.
Preferably, also be connected with anti-hypsokinesis buffer gear between described arm and the brace table, to absorb the kinetic energy of arm.
In order to realize above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of movable crane, this movable crane comprises sole and tackling system, the tackling system that described tackling system provides for above-mentioned any technical scheme, and the turntable of described tackling system is installed on the described sole.
Preferably, movable crane also comprises supporting leg, and described supporting leg is installed on the sole.
Preferably, described column comprises the branch column of at least three orders socket, and the adjacent discrete post can be flexible relatively.
Preferably, described supporting leg is installed on the sole by detachable mechanism.
Preferably, link to each other by detachable mechanism between described arm and the brace table, link to each other by detachable mechanism between described brace table and the column.
Compared with prior art, the column of tackling system provided by the invention and mast, and link to each other by brace table between column and the arm, since brace table can be relatively and column rotate, in working order, brace table can be fixed with column, and mast is fixed with brace table again, thereby realize the fixing of mast and column, form the fixed mast structure.Therefore, in working order down, the fixed mast structure can make the fixing of mast maintenance and column, and then improves the reliability of tackling system; Further, can provide good condition, improve the functional reliability and the safety performance of movable crane for lifting operation.
In further technical scheme, also have lockable mechanism between described brace table and the column, with in the brace table lower end with after the column upper surface contacts, with brace table and column locking; Like this, down, mast and brace table can be fixed by last hinge and lockable mechanism in working order, strengthen the intensity of fixed mast structure, and then strengthen the stability of movable crane.
In further technical scheme, after column is vertically finished, fix by down hinge and stop pin between column and the turntable, form the fixed type pillar construction.The fixed type pillar construction not only can improve the stability of column, but also have the benefit of two aspects: the firstth, the fixed type pillar construction can improve the safety of tackling system, when the column driver train lost efficacy, the fixed type pillar construction can make column remain on vertical state, prevents owing to column is toppled over the safety misadventure that produces; The secondth, the cooperating of the pin-and-hole that the fixed type pillar construction can be by stop pin and turntable, control the position of column exactly, guarantee the vertical state of column, and then be the control moment of flexure that column bore, balance tackling system stressed, the reliability that improves tackling system provides good condition.When tackling system has fixed type pillar construction and fixed mast structure, because the target of the equilibrium function of mast is to reduce the moment of flexure that column bears, the function of fixed mast structure is to realize on the basis of fixed type pillar construction, the combination of the two can improve the stability of tackling system greatly, improves its crane capacity.
In further technical scheme, between mast and the brace table by being hinged and connected, and also be provided with the mast driver train between the two, this technical scheme can realize the fixing of mast and brace table on the one hand, can realize the expansion of mast on the other hand and fold the automatism of raising movable crane state exchange operation.In further technical scheme, also have stop pin between described mast and the brace table, down, mast and brace table can be fixed by last hinge and stop pin in working order, strengthen the intensity of fixed mast structure, and then strengthen the stability of movable crane.
In further technical scheme, the tensioning bindiny mechanism of balancing device comprises the tensioning driver train; This technical scheme can be passed through stretching device, big minor adjustment tensioning pulling force according to load, this tensioning pulling force acts on column top ends and opposite with the suffered load force direction of column by mast, reach the purpose that makes column not be subjected to moment of flexure as much as possible, improve the load-carrying capacity of column, satisfy the needs of tackling system lifting different objects.In further technical scheme, described turntable also comprises cantilever, and cantilever can rotate in horizontal surface, and two cantilevers are adjustable to the both sides opening angle, thereby can increase vertical width of balancing device bottom stress point, strengthen the fore-and-aft stability of movable crane.
In further optimal technical scheme, also be provided with anti-hypsokinesis buffer gear between described arm and the brace table; When suspension hook broke off relations or be subjected to external force effect arm generation vibrations, anti-hypsokinesis buffer gear can absorb the vibrations of arm, improves the stability and the safety of movable crane.Anti-hypsokinesis buffer gear can have multiple concrete structure, preferred hydraulic ram, and absorb the kinetic energy of arm by hydraulic circuit with flow regulating valve, and, hydraulic ram can provide bigger application force, has higher reliability, can improve the safety performance of movable crane significantly.
In the movable crane that provides, comprise above-mentioned tackling system; In further technical scheme, also be provided with the supporting mechanism of movable crane, supporting mechanism comprises the supporting leg that is installed on the sole, and supporting leg stretches out can provide bigger support span for movable crane, increase the radius of lifting operation, satisfy many-sided requirement; Can also strengthen the crane capacity of movable crane for movable crane provides bigger bearing force simultaneously.In further technical scheme, described supporting leg is installed on the sole by detachable mechanism, form detachable supporting leg, when movable crane is cut to transportation at a distance, this supporting leg can be pulled down from sole, make things convenient for the remote transition transportation of movable crane, improve the conformability of movable crane, the needs that satisfy in the open air, keep in repair wind generator system in remote place.More further in the technical scheme, described supporting leg is the telescoping supporting leg; When closely cutting to transportation, the supporting leg of this structure can carry out expanding-contracting action, makes supporting leg and ground keep separating, thereby can facilitate for the closely transition of movable crane.
In the further technical scheme of the present invention, described column is the telescoping column, and column comprises the branch columns of at least three orders socket, and divides between the column and have suitable driver train, to realize dividing flexible relatively between the column; Down, the telescoping column can launch, and carries out lifting operation at higher position in working order; The combination of said structure can make the crane capacity of movable crane structure improve greatly, realizes the lifting to eminence, larger object, satisfies the needs that wind generator system is safeguarded.
Movable crane provided by the invention can form a plurality of transportation units by the mode that splits, and with the transportation of cutting to respectively of each transportation unit, movable crane can be transported to more multiposition, the conformability of raising movable crane.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is among the embodiment one, and column is when the horizontal state, and the structural representation of movable crane, this figure also are simultaneously the structural representations under a kind of travelling position of movable crane;
Fig. 2 is among the embodiment one, the structural representation of column movable crane in vertical process;
Fig. 3 is among the embodiment one, and column is when vertical state, and the structural representation of movable crane, this figure also are simultaneously the structural representations under a kind of mode of operation of movable crane;
Fig. 4 is an I-I part-structure scheme drawing among Fig. 2, the figure shows in the vertical process of column the part-structure of balancing device;
Fig. 5 is among the embodiment one, the structural representation of the turntable of another kind of structure;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of movable crane supporting mechanism;
Structural representation under the mode of operation of the movable crane that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the invention two;
Fig. 8 is among the embodiment three, the view the during transportation of first transportation unit;
Fig. 9 is among the embodiment three, the view the during transportation of second transportation unit;
Figure 10 is among the embodiment three, the view the during transportation of the 3rd transportation unit.
Among the figure:
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the description of this part only is exemplary and explanatory, should any restriction not arranged to protection scope of the present invention.
Should be noted that the convenience in order to describe, is reference with the mode of operation, with the arm bearing of trend be before, after opposite sense was, both sides were left side and right side.When movable crane is described, tackling system provided by the invention is described simultaneously.
Movable crane provided by the invention also is a kind of folding hoisting crane, and this hoisting crane comprises column, and column has two states, and first kind of state is vertical state, and second kind of state is the horizontal state.Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 1 is among the embodiment one, and column is when the horizontal state, and the structural representation of movable crane, this figure also are simultaneously the structural representations under a kind of travelling position of movable crane; Fig. 2 is among the embodiment one, the structural representation of column movable crane in vertical process; Fig. 3 is among the embodiment one, and column is when vertical state, and the structural representation of movable crane, this figure also are simultaneously the structural representations under a kind of mode of operation of movable crane.
As shown in the figure, the movable crane that embodiment one provides comprises sole 2 and tackling system, and tackling system comprises turntable 12, column 3, arm 5, mast 7, lifting appliance, column driver train 4, brace table 9, support driving mechanism 10, balancing device.Below respectively each one is described.
Described column 3 is hinged by down hinge 31 with turntable 12, column driver train 4 is connected between column 3 and the turntable 12, to drive column 3 with respect to turntable 12 rotations, making column 3 is vertical state from the horizontal state exchange, column driver train 4 can be a hydraulic ram, and these hydraulic ram two ends are linked to each other with the suitable part of turntable 12 and column 3 respectively, the flexible of hydraulic ram can drive column 3 with respect to turntable 12, is the S. A. rotation with down hinge 31.As Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, column 3 axis with down hinge 31 under column driver train 4 drives is a rotation centerline, to vertical state, when column 3 was in vertical state, column 3 kept relative fixed under the combined action of down hinge 31 and column driver train 4 from the horizontal state exchange.As Fig. 3, in order to improve the reliability of captiveing joint between principal post 3 and the turntable 12, also be provided with stop pin 32 between column 3 and the turntable 12, column 3 vertically after, stop pin 32 is fixed column and turntable 12 lockings.In this example, for the ease of the insertion of stop pin 32 and the adjustment of column 3, stop pin 32 axis are substantially parallel with down hinge 31 axis.Column 3 is fixed with turntable by axis different down hinge 31 and stop pin 32, forms the fixed type pillar construction.The fixed type pillar construction not only can improve the stability of column 3, and can keep the vertical state of column 3 when the column driver train lost efficacy, and prevents owing to toppling over of column 3 produces safety misadventure; The fixed type pillar construction can also be by stop pin 32 and turntable 12 the cooperating of pin-and-hole, control the device of column 3 exactly, and then the moment of flexure of being born for control column 3, the reliability of raising movable crane provides good condition.
As shown in Figure 3, described turntable 12 is installed on the sole 2 by swing type mechanism 22, so that tackling system can be adjusted the position of carrying out lifting operation with respect to sole 2 rotations.
The front portion of brace table 9 one sides and column 3 upper ends is hinged and connected, and support driving mechanism 10 is connected between column 3 and the brace table 9, to drive brace table 9 with respect to column 3 rotations; Equally, support driving mechanism 10 can be hydraulic ram or other driver trains, to realize the rotation of brace table 9 with respect to column 3.As Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in column 3 vertical processes, brace table 9 is the line of centers rotation with respect to column 3 with the jointed shaft axis between the two under the effect of support driving mechanism 10; Column 3 vertically after, brace table 9 bottoms contact with column 3 upper end faces, thereby make column 3 provide stable bearing force for brace table 9.In order to keep brace table 9 and column 3 reliability of fixation, in this example, between brace table 9 rear portions and column 3, can also be provided with suitable lockable mechanism, with in the brace table lower end with after column 3 upper surfaces contact, with brace table 9 and column 3 lockings, guarantee brace table 9 and column 3 reliability of fixation; Lockable mechanism can be the disclosed technical scheme of prior art, locks mechanism as CN1550590 and CN2411325 accordingly with regard to disclosing respectively.
The column 3 and the mast 7 of the movable crane that this example provides, and link to each other by brace table 9 between column 3 and the arm 5, since brace table 9 can be relatively and column 3 rotate, and, when column 3 was in vertical state, brace table 9 was fixing with column 3, and mast 7 is fixed on the brace table 9, thereby mast 7 and column 3 are maintained fixed, form the fixed mast structure.The fixed mast structure can make the fixing of mast 7 maintenances and column 3, improves the stability of movable crane; Further, can provide good condition for lifting operation.Because the purpose of mast 7 equilibrium functions is to reduce the moment of flexure that column 3 bears, the function of fixed mast structure is to realize on the basis of fixed type pillar construction, therefore, fixed type pillar construction and fixed mast structure engage the stability that can improve movable crane greatly.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, be connected with tensioner mechanism 20 between arm 5 outer ends and mast 7 outer ends, in this example, tensioner mechanism 20 is two steel ropes with predetermined length.Drive masts 7 at mast driver train 18 and turn in the process, tensioner mechanism 20 becomes tensioning state from relaxed state, and when tensioner mechanism 20 tensionings, stop pin 72 just in time can be with mast 7 and brace table 9 lockings.At this moment, the pulling force of 20 pairs of arms of tensioner mechanism can make arm 5 be in state of equilibrium, to realize the vertical smoothly of column 3.
Because during movable crane work, load column 3 forms rotating moment forward; In order to realize the stress balance of column 3, movable crane also comprises balancing device, the balancing device bottom links to each other with turntable 12, top links to each other with the outer end of mast 7, apply a downward tensioning pulling force for mast 7, this tensioning pulling force forms rotating moment backward by mast 7 columns 3, and the moment balance that can apply with load column 3 keeps the stable of movable crane.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, please refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is an I-I part-structure scheme drawing among Fig. 2, the figure shows in the vertical process of column the part-structure of balancing device.In this example, balancing device is the tension type balancing device, and promptly the tensioning bindiny mechanism 11 of balancing device comprises pull bar 111, and pull bar 111 is formed by the arm-tie that a plurality of orders are hinged and connected again, and pull bar 111 upper ends link to each other with mast 7 outer ends.For the different tensioning pulling force of 11 pairs of masts 7 of minor adjustment tensioning bindiny mechanisms greatly according to load, tensioning bindiny mechanism 11 also comprises tensioning driver train 112, in this example, tensioning driver train 112 adopts the form of hydraulic ram, hydraulic ram one end links to each other with turntable 12, and the other end links to each other with the lower end of pull bar 111.Under travelling position, the arm-tie of pull bar 111 is positioned on the turntable 12 in folding mode; In column 3 vertical processes, arm-tie launches under mast 7 drives, and when column 3 was in vertical state, pull bar 111 upper ends of expansion linked to each other with mast 7 outer ends, and the lower end links to each other with turntable by tensioning driver train 112, for mast 7 provides the tensioning pulling force.Control mechanism can be realized the adjustment to tensioning bindiny mechanism 11 tensioning pulling force according to the stroke of the big minor adjustment tensioning of load driver train 112, makes 11 pairs of masts 7 of tensioning bindiny mechanism apply suitable tensioning pulling force.In the another kind of mode, tensioning driver train 112 can be connected between pull bar 111 and mast 7 outer ends, can realize identical purpose.For improving movable crane single-piece stability, in this example, balancing device comprises two tensioning bindiny mechanisms 11.When column 3 was in vertical state, two tensioning bindiny mechanisms 11 applied respective action power from both sides to mast 7 respectively, made movable crane have the stressed ability of the deflection of resisting, and improved the reliability in the movable crane operation process.
As shown in Figure 5, this figure is among the embodiment one, the structural representation of the turntable of another kind of structure.This turntable 12 comprises turntable body 120 and horizontally extending cantilever 121, described cantilever 121 is hinged by vertical axis with described turntable body 120, and cantilever 121 depends on the driver train 122 that is connected between described turntable body 120 and the cantilever 121 and hangs commentaries on classics with respect to turntable body 120; Described tensioning driver train 112 lower ends link to each other with cantilever 121.Like this, in a longitudinal direction, the cantilever 121 that links to each other with tensioning driver train 112 can be under the driving of driver train 122 respectively to the left, the right side departs from suitable distance, even 11 pairs of masts of tensioning bindiny mechanism 7 produce oblique tensioning pulling force, to improve the stability of tackling system further.
Lifting appliance comprises lifting hoisting mechanism 13 and hoisting wirerope 23, and in this example, lifting hoisting mechanism 13 is positioned at column 3 the place aheads; Hoisting wirerope 23 lower ends link to each other with lifting hoisting mechanism 13, and the other end passes the pulley 19 near mast 7 inner ends along the carrying roller 24 of column 3 posterior ends, arrives the fixed pulley group 16 of arm 5, form forward type lifting hoisting mechanism; Like this, when carrying out lifting operation, lifting hoisting mechanism 13 can drive fixed pulley group 16 by hoisting wirerope 23, and fixed pulley group 16 drives suspension hook 15 actions by suitable steel rope, to implement lifting operation.Forward type lifting hoisting mechanism can provide bigger space for the horizontal positioned of column 3, for the conversion of movable crane state is provided convenience.
In order to adjust the angle between arm 5 and the column 3, to adjust the lifting position, movable crane among the embodiment one also is provided with luffing device, as shown in Figure 1, luffing device comprises luffing hoisting mechanism 64 and luffing bindiny mechanism, and described luffing bindiny mechanism lower end links to each other with luffing hoisting mechanism 64, and the upper end is passed mast 7 and linked to each other with arm 5, identical with lifting hoisting mechanism 13, luffing hoisting mechanism 64 also is positioned at column 3 the place aheads and forms the forward type luffing device; Forward type luffing device and forward type lifting appliance have essentially identical benefit.
In order further to improve the safety of movable crane and the comfort feature of operation, in this example, also be provided with anti-hypsokinesis buffer gear, in this example, anti-hypsokinesis buffer gear comprises hydraulic ram 8, described hydraulic ram 8 two ends link to each other with brace table 9 with arm 5 respectively, and link to each other by the hydraulic circuit that is provided with flow regulating valve between the rod chamber of hydraulic ram 8 and the rodless cavity.The effect of hydraulic ram 8 is anti-hypsokinesis buffering, specifically be because of breaking off relations or when being subjected to too fast rotation of external force effect or vibrations at arm 5, on the one hand, hydraulic circuit between rod chamber and the rodless cavity can make hydraulic ram 8 move with arm 5 and flexible, adapt to the variation of arm 5 positions, on the other hand, expanding-contracting action with hydraulic circuit energy modulated pressure oil cylinder 8 of flow regulating valve, thereby make hydraulic ram 8 absorb the kinetic energy of arm 5, make arm 5 with rotation of lower speed or motion, prevent that tackling system from toppling over backward because of the vigorous motion of arm 5; Simultaneously, can set the stroke of hydraulic ram 8 according to actual needs, with the action or the vibration amplitude of control arm 5.Be appreciated that and realize that above-mentioned anti-hypsokinesis pooling feature is not limited to said structure, can also according to actual needs the concrete structure of hydraulic ram 8 hydraulic circuits be set, suitable spring device can be set replace hydraulic ram 8, or the like.
In order to improve movable crane stability, movable crane provided by the invention can also comprise supporting mechanism, in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3, please refer to Fig. 6, and Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of movable crane supporting mechanism.This supporting mechanism comprises four supporting legs 14, and supporting leg 14 comprises the vertical wall of the transverse arm and the vertically extending of horizontal expansion, and the circle that described transverse arm the inner is installed in sole 2 connects on the platform, and outer end and vertical wall are fixed, and the vertical wall lower end contacts with ground; The transverse arm of four supporting legs 14 extends respectively laterally, being " ten " font arranges, supporting mechanism can increase movable crane on the one hand and support span, also can provide rigid support power by vertical wall on the other hand, increases the crane capacity and the working stability of movable crane.Be appreciated that supporting leg 14 is not limited to arrange in the above described manner, also can otherwise arrange, can realize above-mentioned purpose equally according to realizing needs.The transportation of movable crane transition for convenience, supporting leg 14 can also be set to the telescoping supporting leg, make vertical wall comprise telescoping cylinder and supporting seat, described telescoping cylinder upper end is fixed with transverse arm, lower end and supporting seat are fixed, and supporting seat can support on the ground.Like this, when movable crane transports transition, can make the telescoping cylinder withdrawal,, make things convenient for the transition transportation of movable crane so that keep suitable distance between supporting seat and the ground; In addition, when carrying out lifting operation, the telescoping supporting leg can also facilitate for adjusting the stressed of supporting leg, makes a plurality of supporting legs of supporting mechanism that the basic bearing force that equates is provided, and the balance that guarantees movable crane is with stable.Certainly, also can provide support power with other supporting legs of the prior art.
Begin with travelling position shown in Figure 1, the state change process of the movable crane that embodiment one provides is:
The vertical wall elongation of supporting device supporting leg 14, the vertical wall lower end contacts with ground, and supporting mechanism provides support power, makes the tire of movable crane liftoff.
See figures.1.and.2, mast driver train 18 action is turned over mast 7, and simultaneously, tensioner mechanism between mast 7 outer ends and arm 5 20 becomes tensioning state by relaxed state.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, in vertical process, column 3 axis with down hinge 31 under the effect of column driver train 4 is that rotation centerline overturns forward; Simultaneously, at column 3 forward in the rotary course, the brace table 9 that is positioned at its top is under the effort that support driving mechanism 10 applies, be pulled to gradually and column 3 top end face closures, at this moment, lockable mechanism between brace table 9 rear portions and the column 3 is realized the secure fixation between brace table 9 and the column 3 with brace table 9 and column 3 lockings.At this moment, column 3 vertical processes finish, and column 3 is vertically on the turntable 12, and at this moment, stop pin 32 is fixed column and turntable 12 lockings.In column 3 vertical processes, tensioner mechanism 20 hauls arm 5 all the time, and the luffing steel rope 62 of luffing device is in relaxed state all the time.
In the vertical process of column, the pull bar 111 that is folded in turntable 12 left and right sides at first is along with column 3 vertically progressively extends, strains, and simultaneously, arm 5 keeps balance under the effort that tensioner mechanism 20 applies.Movable crane is finished from travelling position shown in Figure 1 to conversion of operation state shown in Figure 3.
Under mode of operation shown in Figure 3, can change angle between arm 5 and the column 3 by luffing hoisting mechanism 64, realize the luffing operation of movable crane, to adapt to different needs; After angle between change arm 5 and the column 3, tensioner mechanism 20 is in relaxed state, luffing steel rope 62 in tension; In addition, under mode of operation shown in Figure 3, can carry out lifting operation by lifting hoisting mechanism 13.
Existing movable crane, because stability and reliability are relatively poor, column generally comprises two joint arms to be formed, and to reduce sling height, guarantees the reliability and the safety of movable crane.Compare with existing movable crane, because movable crane provided by the invention has fixed mast structure, fixed type pillar construction and fixed type arm, above-mentioned movable crane has stronger stability.Therefore, in order to improve the sling height of this movable crane, satisfy needs to the wind generator system maintenance; Reduce the length of travelling position lower pillar stand 3 simultaneously, make things convenient for the transition of movable crane, column 3 can also be set to the telescoping column.
Please refer to Fig. 7, this figure is the structural representation under the movable crane mode of operation that provides of the embodiment of the invention two; Simultaneously, this illustrates the state when utilizing this movable crane that wind generator system is safeguarded.Be that with embodiment one difference in this example, column 3 comprises 6 branch columns, 6 branch columns are with the technique known socket, and have suitable driver train, so that adjacent branch column can be flexible relatively along axis direction.As shown in the figure, column 3 vertically after, can be under suitable drive mechanism, 6 branch columns are stretched out respectively, mast 7 and arm 5 raise under column 3 drives, to adapt to wind generator system 100 height, lift at the corresponding component of predetermined height wind generator system, realize I﹠M to wind generator system.Be appreciated that, under the prerequisite that satisfies the wind generator system I﹠M, because column 3 comprises 6 branch columns, under travelling position, can make column 3 withdrawals, reduce column 3 longitudinal sizes, the turn radius of movable crane when reducing to cut to transportation is for the transition transportation of movable crane facilitates.On the basis of satisfying the maintenance wind generator system, compare with two movable cranes that save arms that prior art provides, the movable crane that utilizes embodiment two to provide, under its travelling position, the length of column 3 approximately shortens 2/3, thereby can easily movable crane be cut to or transport.
Can realize the conversion of state though be appreciated that above-mentioned movable crane, also can cut to and transport at above-mentioned travelling position, but under this travelling position, movable crane is grown distance transition, or enter remote, bleak and desolate local time, difficulty is still very big; When particularly remote to being positioned at, bleak and desolate local wind generator system keeps in repair, above-mentioned movable crane is difficult to satisfy actual needs, in order further to make things convenient for the transition transportation of movable crane, the needs that adaptation is keeped in repair wind generator system at remote, bleak and desolate place, can also make movable crane have another kind of travelling position, promptly has the partition travelling position, in order to form the partition travelling position of movable crane, the suitable part of movable crane can be arranged to demountable structure.
Among the embodiment two, being connected between arm 5 and the brace table 9 is exactly that detachable mechanism connects, and being connected between brace table 9 and the column 3 also is the detachable mechanism connection, also is connected by detachable mechanism between the transverse arm of feet 14 and the sole 2; Like this, when movable crane need be grown the distance transition or cut in the relatively poor region of road conditions, just supporting leg 14, arm 5 can be pulled down, and brace table 9 is separated with column 3, form a plurality of transportation units like this, the transportation of cutting to respectively again.Therefore, the present invention also provides a kind of steering method of movable crane, and this method comprises:
Supporting leg 14 is separated with sole 2, arm 5 is separated with brace table 9, brace table 9 is separated with column with mast 7, form first transportation unit, second transportation unit and the 3rd transportation unit, described first transportation unit comprises column, turntable and sole, described second transportation unit comprises supporting leg 14, mast 7 and brace table 9, and described the 3rd transportation unit comprises arm 5; Then described first transportation unit, second transportation unit and the 3rd transportation unit are transported transition respectively.After being transported to the desired location, can form movable crane by opposite order assembling, carry out lifting operation.Utilize this steering method can improve the conformability of movable crane, movable crane is transported to more multiposition, improve the conformability of movable crane.
In order to improve the movable crane assembling efficiency, can also removable bonded assembly structure be set to suitable automatic control device, such as: between the transverse arm of supporting leg 14 and sole 2, establish automatic pinning mechanism, automatic pinning mechanism can be according to feedback signal, automatically latch is inserted pin-and-hole, realization supporting leg 14 is connected with sole 2.
Being appreciated that can also be according to actual needs, the different piece of movable crane is formed suitable transportation unit, and realize the transition of movable crane by said method.When arm 5 has bigger length, also arm 5 itself can be arranged to detachable structure, with when cutting to, arm 5 is divided into a plurality of parts.In embodiment three, when arm 5 comprises internal segment arm 53, middle joint arm 52 and acromere arm 51, can be connected by detachable mechanism between middle joint arm 52 and internal segment arm 53 and/or the acromere arm 51.As Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, the view when Fig. 8 is the transportation of embodiment 3 first transportation units, the view when Fig. 9 is the transportation of embodiment 3 second transportation units; View when Figure 10 is the transportation of embodiment 3 the 3rd transportation unit.When carrying out the distance transportation, so that detachable mechanism is pulled down, form the partition travelling position, at the partition travelling position, movable crane is divided into first transportation unit, second transportation unit and the 3rd transportation unit.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a tackling system comprises turntable (12), column (3), arm (5), mast (7), balancing device and lifting appliance; Described column (3) bottom is hinged with turntable (12); Described column (3) depends on the driving that is connected the column driver train (4) between described column (3) and the turntable (12) and rotates with respect to turntable (12), it is characterized in that described tackling system also comprises brace table (9);
Described brace table (9) is hinged and connected with described column (3) top ends, and described brace table (9) depends on the driving that is connected the support driving mechanism (10) between described column (3) and the brace table (9) and rotates with respect to column (3);
Described mast (7) inner end is installed on the described brace table (9), and stretch out backward the outer end;
Described arm (5) inner end and described brace table (9) are hinged; Stretch out forward described arm (5) outer end, links to each other by the tensioner mechanism (20) with predetermined length between described arm (5) outer end and mast (7) outer end;
The bottom of described balancing device links to each other with turntable (12), and top links to each other with the outer end of mast (7).
2. tackling system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with lockable mechanism between described brace table (9) and column (3), with after column (3) upper surface contacts, described lockable mechanism is with described brace table (9) and column (3) locking in brace table (9) lower end.
3. tackling system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also has stop pin (32) between described column (3) and the turntable (12), and when described column (3) was vertical, described stop pin (32) was fixing with described principal post (3) and turntable (12).
4. tackling system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, hinged by last hinge (71) between described mast (7) and the brace table (9), described mast (7) depends on the driving that is connected the mast driver train (18) between column (3) and the brace table (9) and rotates with respect to brace table (9).
5. tackling system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, also have stop pin (72) between described mast (7) and the brace table (9), in column (3) setting process and tackling system when carrying out hoisting operation, described stop pin (72) is fixing with described mast (7) and brace table (9).
6. according to each described tackling system of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described balancing device is that the upper end links to each other with mast (7) outer end, the tensioning bindiny mechanism (11) that the lower end links to each other with turntable (12), described tensioning bindiny mechanism (11) comprise the pull bar (111) that the arm-tie that is hinged and connected by a plurality of orders forms.
7. tackling system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described tensioning bindiny mechanism (11) also comprises tensioning driver train (112), described tensioning driver train (112) is connected between described pull bar (111) upper end and mast (7) outer end, or is connected between described pull bar (111) lower end and the turntable (12).
8. tackling system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described mast (7) outer end has left fixed part (73) and right fixed part (74), and left fixed part (73) and right fixed part (74) extend with the right side respectively to the left; Described balancing device comprises two described tensioning bindiny mechanisms (11), and the upper end of two described tensioning bindiny mechanisms (11) links to each other with right fixed part (74) with described left fixed part (73) respectively.
9. tackling system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described turntable (12) comprises turntable body (120) and horizontally extending cantilever (121), described cantilever (121) is hinged by vertical axis with described turntable body (120), and described cantilever (121) depends on the driver train (122) that is connected between described turntable body (120) and the cantilever (121) and rotates with respect to turntable body (120); Described tensioning bindiny mechanism (11) lower end links to each other with cantilever (121).
10. according to each described tackling system of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, also comprise luffing device, described luffing device comprises luffing hoisting mechanism (64) and luffing bindiny mechanism, described luffing bindiny mechanism comprises luffing steel rope (62) and amplitude draw-bar (61), described luffing steel rope (62) lower end links to each other with described luffing hoisting mechanism (64), and the upper end links to each other with described amplitude draw-bar (61) one ends, and the other end of described amplitude draw-bar (61) links to each other with arm (5).
11., it is characterized in that, also be connected with anti-hypsokinesis buffer gear between described arm (5) and the brace table (9), to absorb the kinetic energy of arm (5) according to each described tackling system of claim 1-5.
12. a movable crane comprises sole (2) and tackling system, it is characterized in that, described tackling system is each described tackling system among the claim 1-11, and the turntable of described tackling system (12) is installed on the described sole (2).
13. movable crane according to claim 12 is characterized in that, also comprises supporting leg (14), described supporting leg (14) is installed on the sole (2).
14. movable crane according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described column (3) comprises the branch column of at least three orders socket, and the adjacent discrete post can be flexible relatively.
15. movable crane according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described supporting leg (14) is installed on the sole (2) by detachable mechanism.
16. movable crane according to claim 15 is characterized in that, links to each other by detachable mechanism between described arm (5) and the brace table (9), links to each other by detachable mechanism between described brace table (9) and the column (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101745330A CN101670986B (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2009-09-28 | Hoisting system and mobile crane |
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| CN2009101745330A CN101670986B (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2009-09-28 | Hoisting system and mobile crane |
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| CN101670986A CN101670986A (en) | 2010-03-17 |
| CN101670986B true CN101670986B (en) | 2011-10-12 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102001585A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-04-06 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Crane and frame thereof |
| CN102502427B (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-10-23 | 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 | Crane, crane arm device and control method thereof |
| CN105751867A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-07-13 | 杭州恒宏机械有限公司 | Motor home tail door turning device |
| CN107640712A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-01-30 | 河南恒远恒山工业有限公司 | A kind of column cantilever crane |
| CN109879178A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-14 | 湖北省专用汽车研究院 | A kind of swing arm extension type gin pole |
| CN107915159A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-04-17 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | A kind of Crane Jib Structure |
| NL2021651B1 (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-05-07 | Tetrahedron B V | Crane vessel |
| CN109353946B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-04-21 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Multi-layer tensioning system and crane |
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Effective date of registration: 20181207 Address after: 410600 West 168 Jinzhou Avenue, Ningxiang County, Changsha City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Sany Mobile Cranes Co., Ltd. Address before: 410100 31 industrial city, Changsha economic and Technological Development Zone, Hunan Patentee before: SANY Automobile Manufacturing Co., Ltd. |
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