CN101666767B - Multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system based on impedance measurement - Google Patents
Multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system based on impedance measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN101666767B CN101666767B CN2009100939127A CN200910093912A CN101666767B CN 101666767 B CN101666767 B CN 101666767B CN 2009100939127 A CN2009100939127 A CN 2009100939127A CN 200910093912 A CN200910093912 A CN 200910093912A CN 101666767 B CN101666767 B CN 101666767B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system based on impedance measurement. The system is a portable system comprising an electrode, a measuring lead, an impedance measuring unit, a USB communication and control unit and a personal computer, wherein the electrode adopts a metal sheet, is arranged at a plurality of parts of leaves and stems of a plant or inserted into soil in a non-invasive way and connected to the impedance measuring unit by the single-core coaxial measuring lead; the impedance measuring unit comprises an impedance measuring module, a calibration and measuring range selecting module and a channel selecting module and is supplied with power by a USB data line; and the USB communication and control unit realizes the communication between the impedance measuring unit and the personal computer. The system controls the switching-on and switching-off of a switch by an interface procedure on the personal computer, realizes the function of multichannel impedance measurement, acquires the change information of the impedance of a plurality of parts of the leaves and the stems of the plant and the soil along with water content and displays the hydropenia condition of the plant on the interface. The system can preset a time interval to carry out long-term monitoring so that the monitoring of the hydropenia condition of the plant is more portable.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, particularly a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system based on impedance measurement.
[background technology]
Water is the main constituent of plant, and the water cut of plant is generally 60 ~ 80%, have in addition can reach more than 90%, do not have life without water.Water is the solvent of a lot of materials, after all necessary elder generation such as the mineral matter in the soil, oxygen, carbon dioxide is water-soluble, and could be by plant absorbing and running in vivo.Water can also be kept the tensity of cell and tissue, makes the plant organ situation of being kept upright, and is beneficial to normally carrying out of various metabolism.Water is that photosynthesis is made organic raw material, and it also participates in a lot of Biochemical processes in the plant as reactant.In addition, water when temperature acutely changes, can relax plasmic temperature variation because bigger thermal capacity is arranged, and escapes injury with the protection protoplasm.Therefore water seems particularly important to the vital movement of plant.
The plant water requirement is sizable, and a strain corn approximately needed to consume about 2 kilograms water in one day, needed kg water more than 200 all one's life.One day water requirement of one strain trees in summer approximates heavy 5 times of its whole bright leaves.Therefore, lack of water is very serious concerning plant.In the evolution of long period of time process, plant is that the balance that root system absorbs between water and the rising water of blade adapts to water environment on every side through water balance in the body.Generally speaking, at low temp area and low temperature season, plant water absorbing capacity and transpiration rate are little, poor growth; Vice versa, must supply more water this moment and could satisfy the plant output higher with acquisition to the demand of water.Therefore whether in monitoring plant during lack of water, plant base of leaf water percentage and soil moisture content all will be monitored all sidedly.
Water can be divided into two kinds of drought injury and damage or crop failure caused by waterloggings to the adverse effect of plant.Drought injury is caused by atmospheric drought and soil drought that mainly it is damaged the physiological activity in the plant, and makes water balance unbalance.Gently then make the plant reproductive growth retardation, deterioration in quality, diseases and insect pests resistance weakens, and is heavy then cause plant to be in wilted condition for a long time and death.Damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging then is to cause soil severe depletion of oxygen, CO under the waterflooding condition because of soil moisture is too much and atmospheric humidity is too high
2Accumulation, make plant physiology movable with soil in undesired, the soil compaction of microbial activities, nutrient loss or inefficacy, the decline of plant product quality.Therefore whether monitoring plant suffers drought and damage caused by waterlogging, seems particularly urgent, and needs long term monitoring, runs through the whole growth process of plant.
External popular employing DTR technology is come the water percentage of monitoring plant, and this technology not only cost is high, and needs to use the DTR waveguide probe to insert in the plant, can cause certain injury to plant, especially when the precious species of monitoring, just is difficult for adopting.Domestic also some adopts through measuring characteristics such as plant resistance, electric capacity and comes the monitoring plant lack of water, has occurred also recently that the veggetable electricity impedance monitors through measuring, but they have adopted probe to insert in the plant.And the present invention adopts metal electrode film to place plant surface to monitor, and can not cause any harm to plant.
In addition, existingly come to have adopted HF signal generator in the technology of monitoring plant lack of water, can cause certain injury plant through measuring the veggetable electricity impedance, and complicated circuit.And the present invention is employed in measurement plant impedance under the low frequency signal (1kHz-100kHz), can not injure plant, and in circuit design, need not special signal generator, has simplified circuit, has improved the reliability of total system.
Electrical measurement mode monitoring plant lack of water often can not be monitored a plurality of positions the monitoring of plant and soil in real time simultaneously at present; And but the present invention has characteristics such as frequency sweep, high precision, hyperchannel, demarcation automatically, measurement automatically, timing measurement; Can be simultaneously a plurality of positions and the soil of plant be carried out long-term on-line monitoring, help the research of plant hydropenia mechanism.
The present invention also considers plant hydropenia, has plenty of that the soil lack of water causes, has plenty of that the base of leaf transpiration too much causes, therefore can provide pouring respectively to plant base of leaf and soil and points out, and so more helps plant and recovers rapidly from exsiccosis.
[summary of the invention]
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system based on impedance measurement; Can carry out the long-term lack of water monitoring of non-intrusion type to plant base of leaf and a plurality of positions of soil simultaneously; The water shortage status that shows plant, and provide the pouring prompting to plant base of leaf and soil respectively.
For achieving the above object, a kind of plant hydropenia monitoring system of measuring based on hyperchannel, automatic impedance provided by the invention, adopt following technical scheme:
The portable system that said system is made up of electrode, measuring lead wire, impedance measuring unit, USB communication and control module and PC.The electrodes use sheet metal places electrode a plurality of positions of plant base of leaf or inserts soil with the non-intruding mode, is connected to impedance measuring unit through the coaxial measuring lead wire of single core.Impedance measuring unit comprises impedance measurement module, demarcation and measurement range selection module, channel selecting module, is supplied power by the usb data line.USB communication and control module are realized the communication of impedance measuring unit and PC.This system through the break-make of interface program CS, realizes hyperchannel impedance measurement function on PC, obtain the information of the impedance of a plurality of positions of plant base of leaf and soil with the water percentage variation, and on the interface, shows the water shortage status of plant.This system carries out long term monitoring in the predeterminable time interval, makes that the monitoring of plant hydropenia situation is more convenient.
Wherein, the square or circular electrode of being processed by sheet metal is placed at a plurality of positions and the soil 112 of plant base of leaf 111 by said system, and electrode 113 places body surface, need not to insert in the plant, under low frequency, carries out the non-intrusion type impedance measurement.Passage two ends in succession respectively the VIN mouth 223 and VOUT mouth 224 of impedance measurement module 221.During measurement, one or more pairs of electrodes 113 are used to measure plant, and pair of electrodes 114 is used for measured soil, and measuring lead wire 123,124 is single core coaxial cable.
Wherein, the impedance measurement module 221 of said system middle impedance measuring unit 121 is made up of AD5933 chip and peripheral circuit, demarcates and measurement range selection module 231 is a relay switch, and channel selecting module 251 is made up of multiway analog switch.
Wherein, demarcate in the said system and measurement range selection module 231 employing relay switches, on PC, pass through the I/O mouth 212 control demarcation of USB communication and control module 211 and the switch control mouth 232 of measurement range selection module 231.Carry out timing signal; The I/O mouth 233 of demarcation and measurement range selection module 231 switches to the RFB mouth 222 of impedance measurement module 221 on the measuring resistance of current/voltage-converted resistor group 241 corresponding ranges with VIN mouth 223; The VIN mouth 223 and the VOUT mouth 224 of impedance measurement module 221 switches on the measuring resistance of demarcating resistor group 242 corresponding ranges; Measure and calculate calibration coefficient, realize demarcating.That demarcates the VIN mouth 223 that breaks off impedance measurement modules 221 with the I/O mouth 233 of measurement range selection module 231 and VOUT mouth 224 and demarcation resistor group 242 subsequently is connected system's entering measurement state.
Wherein, Said system with multiway analog switch as channel selecting module; On PC, select the switch of module 251 to control mouth 252 through I/O mouth 212 control channels of USB communication and control module 211; The VIN mouth 223 and the VOUT mouth 224 of the I/O mouth 253 control group measurement modules 221 of channel selecting module 251 switch to respective channel, realize multi-channel measurement.
Wherein, said system USB communication and control module 211 are the EZ-USB-FX2 family chip, through USB 2.0 agreements and PC 141 communications, through I
2C agreement control group measurement module 221 is demarcated and measurement range selection module 231 and channel selecting module 251 through 212 controls of I/O mouth.
Wherein, According to the described a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system of claim 1 based on impedance measurement; It is characterized in that adopting on the said system PC 141 program interface of Visual Basic, Labview or Visual C++ establishment; Adopt firmware program on slave computer USB communication and the control module, carry out the hyperchannel impedance measurement, come the moisture situation of monitoring plant base of leaf and soil according to resistance value by said impedance measuring unit 121 by Keil uVision establishment; And on the PC interface, show in real time the water shortage status and pouring prompting of plant, and can preset measuring time at interval and T.T. length carry out long term monitoring.Wherein water shortage status comprises great drought, partial drought, and lack of water, little waterlogging, five grades of waterloging greatly, the pouring prompting comprises plant base of leaf pouring suggestion amount and soil pouring suggestion amount.
The advantage of a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system based on impedance measurement provided by the invention is:
1. adopt the impedance measurement mode, concentrated expression plant physiology generation resistive when lack of water, capacitive character and inductive variation, the measurement range of water percentage wide (water percentage 0 to 100%);
2. can realize multi-channel measurement, can monitor simultaneously plant base of leaf and a plurality of positions of soil;
3. electrode places plant surface, need not to insert in the plant, under low frequency, carries out the non-intrusion type impedance measurement, has avoided the injury to plant, and does not influence measuring accuracy;
4. plant base of leaf and soil are done corresponding pouring prompting respectively, make that pouring is more effective, the conserve water resource;
5. predeterminable measuring intervals of TIME and T.T. length carry out long term monitoring;
6.USB integrate power supply and communication, system bulk is little, and is simple to operate, is easy to carry, and is convenient to Data Post.
[Figure of description]
Fig. 1 be a kind of based on hyperchannel, regularly, the plant hydropenia monitoring system synoptic diagram measured of automatic impedance;
Fig. 2 is USB communication and control module and impedance measuring unit principle of work synoptic diagram.
[embodiment]
The practical implementation process is following:
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2, the USB patchcord of impedance measuring unit 121 through USB communication and control module 131 is connected to PC 141; Setting measurement frequency and Measuring Time on PC VB interface select to be measured passage or all passages measurement of automaticallying switch, and USB communication and control module 131 are sent to impedance measuring unit 121 with the parameter of setting; Measuring the one or more pairs of electrodes 113 of plant and the pair of electrodes 114 of measured soil is connected on the corresponding measurement passage 122 through measuring lead wire 123 and 124; Channel selecting module 251 automatic switchover passages are demarcated and suitable range is demarcated and selected to measurement range selection module 231 automatically; Impedance measuring unit 121 records the amplitude and the phase angle of the impedance at each monitoring position of plant base of leaf and soil, and is uploaded to PC program interface 141 through USB communication and control module 131 and handles, store, show.Like the need long term monitoring, predeterminable measuring intervals of TIME and T.T. length.
According to the relation of the plant hydropenia situation that records in advance and resistance value, angle values, judge the degree of water shortage of plant, and show the residing water shortage status of plant in real time.According to required water percentage under the water percentage of plant base of leaf and soil and the health status relatively, respectively plant base of leaf and soil being provided pouring points out.
The above; Be merely the basic scheme of practical implementation method of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art that are in technical scope disclosed by the invention; The variation that can expect or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.All fall into the implication that is equal to of claim and the variation in the scope all will be included within the scope of claim.
Claims (6)
1. multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system based on impedance measurement, the portable system that said system is made up of electrode, measuring lead wire, impedance measuring unit, USB communication and control module and PC; The electrodes use sheet metal places electrode a plurality of positions of plant base of leaf or inserts soil with the non-intruding mode, is connected to impedance measuring unit through the coaxial measuring lead wire of single core; Impedance measuring unit comprises impedance measurement module, demarcation and measurement range selection module, channel selecting module; Supply power by the usb data line; The impedance measurement module is made up of AD5933 chip and peripheral circuit; Demarcation and measurement range selection module are relay switch, and channel selecting module is made up of multiway analog switch; USB communication and control module are realized the communication of impedance measuring unit and PC; This system through the break-make of interface program CS, realizes hyperchannel impedance measurement function on PC, obtain the information of the impedance of a plurality of positions of plant base of leaf and soil with the water percentage variation, and on the interface, shows the water shortage status of plant; This system carries out long term monitoring in the predeterminable time interval, makes that the monitoring of plant hydropenia situation is more convenient.
2. according to the described a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system of claim 1 based on impedance measurement; It is characterized in that the square or circular electrode that said system is processed by sheet metal in a plurality of positions and soil (112) placement of plant base of leaf (111); Place the electrode (113) of plant base of leaf to place plant surface; Need not to insert in the plant, under low frequency 1kHz to 100kHz, carry out the non-intrusion type impedance measurement; Passage two ends in succession respectively the VIN mouth (223) and the VOUT mouth (224) of impedance measurement module (221); During measurement, many electrode (113) is used to measure plant, pair of electrodes (114) is used for measured soil, and measuring lead wire (123,124) is single core coaxial cable.
3. according to the described a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system of claim 1 based on impedance measurement; It is characterized in that demarcating in the said system and measurement range selection module (231) employing relay switch, on PC, pass through I/O mouth (212) the control demarcation of USB communication and control module (211) and the switch control mouth (232) of measurement range selection module (231); Carry out timing signal; The I/O mouth (233) of demarcation and measurement range selection module (231) switches to the RFB mouth (222) and the VIN mouth (223) of impedance measurement module (221) on the measuring resistance of the corresponding range of current/voltage-converted resistor group (241); The VIN mouth (223) of impedance measurement module (221) and VOUT mouth (224) switch on the measuring resistance of demarcating the corresponding range of resistor group (242); Measure and calculate calibration coefficient, realize demarcating; That demarcates the VIN mouth (223) that breaks off impedance measurement module (221) with the I/O mouth (233) of measurement range selection module (231) and VOUT mouth (224) and demarcation resistor group (242) subsequently is connected system's entering measurement state.
4. according to the described a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system of claim 1 based on impedance measurement; It is characterized in that said system with multiway analog switch as channel selecting module; On PC, select the switch of module (251) to control mouthful (252) through I/O mouth (212) control channel of USB communication and control module (211); The VIN mouth (223) and the VOUT mouth (224) of I/O mouth (253) the control group measurement module (221) of channel selecting module (251) switch to respective channel, realize multi-channel measurement.
5. according to the described a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system of claim 1 based on impedance measurement; It is characterized in that said system USB communication and control module (211) are the EZ-USB-FX2 family chip; Through USB 2.0 agreements and PC (141) communication, through I
2C agreement control group measurement module (221) is demarcated and measurement range selection module (231) and channel selecting module (251) through I/O mouth (212) control.
6. according to the described a kind of multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system of claim 1 based on impedance measurement; It is characterized in that said system PC (141) upward adopts the program interface of Visual Basic, Labview or Visual C++ establishment; Adopt firmware program on slave computer USB communication and the control module by Keil uVision establishment; Carry out the hyperchannel impedance measurement by said impedance measuring unit (121); The moisture situation of coming monitoring plant base of leaf and soil according to resistance value, and on the PC interface, show the water shortage status and pouring prompting of plant in real time, and can preset measuring time at interval and T.T. length carry out long term monitoring; Wherein water shortage status comprises great drought, partial drought, and lack of water, little waterlogging, five grades of waterloging greatly, the pouring prompting comprises plant base of leaf pouring suggestion amount and soil pouring suggestion amount.
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| CN2009100939127A CN101666767B (en) | 2009-10-10 | 2009-10-10 | Multichannel plant hydropenia monitoring system based on impedance measurement |
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| CN101666767B true CN101666767B (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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| WO2014017940A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2014-01-30 | Universidade De Coimbra | System and process to assess physiological states of plant tissues, in vivo and/or in situ, using impedance techniques |
| CN106324357A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-11 | 西安理工大学 | Plant leaf resistance distribution measurement method and application thereof |
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| IT201700044103A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-21 | Ali Group Srl Carpigiani | EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BACTERIAL CHARGE IN A LIQUID OR SEMILIQUID PRODUCT. |
| CN107328441A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-11-07 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of forestry microenvironment monitoring and early warning system |
| CN108508288B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2020-01-17 | 中国农业大学 | Plant electric signal detection device and method |
| CN111158299A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-05-15 | 艾德克斯电子（南京）有限公司 | Software system capable of controlling instrument by multiple channels and method for reducing computer consumption |
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