CN101660031A - Periodic sub-zero treatment process of finished high speed steel cutters - Google Patents
Periodic sub-zero treatment process of finished high speed steel cutters Download PDFInfo
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- CN101660031A CN101660031A CN200910307433A CN200910307433A CN101660031A CN 101660031 A CN101660031 A CN 101660031A CN 200910307433 A CN200910307433 A CN 200910307433A CN 200910307433 A CN200910307433 A CN 200910307433A CN 101660031 A CN101660031 A CN 101660031A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sub-zero treatment process of steel work pieces, and is particularly suitable for cutter consumers to improve the service life of finished high-speed steel cutters by a sub-zero treatment method. The process is characterized in that the finished high speed steel cutters are not subject to quenching treatment and tempering treatment any more, directly subject to periodic circular sub-zero treatment, liquid method of direct immersion sub-zero treatment is employed at the liquid nitrogen temperature of -185-196 DEG C. The number of sub-zero cycles is selected according to different materials, and different steel grades employ different heating modes. The effects and benefits of the sub-zero treatment process are providing a periodic circular sub-zero treatment process for the finished cutter consumers, and solving the problem of short service life of the high speed steel cutters. The quenching treatment and the tempering treatment are not carried out, thus savingenergy resource for manufacturers. The employed periodic circular sub-zero treatment consumes less time than a single long-time sub-zero treatment, thus saving time and improving production efficiency. The process takes heating methods of different materials into consideration, and stabilizes the sub-zero treatment effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the thermal treatment process technology field that belongs to metallic substance, relates to the thermal treatment of steel cutter, specially refers to the cryogenic treatment process that is used for the finished high speed steel cutter.
Background technology
In the prior art, with sub-zero treatment as the steel cutter heat treated in the middle of operation, need to cooperate quenching and tempering process to carry out, now be used for the speedy steel cutting-tool effect preferably cryogenic treatment process be: carry out a tempering after the quenching, carrying out a liquid nitrogen deep after the tempering handles, the deep cooling time by formula calculates: (in the formula: T is the deep cooling hold-time to T=I+KD, I is phase transformation incubation period, K is and the relevant coefficient of cutter work partial cross section size, D is the free area size of cutter working portion), liquid nitrogen temperature is 185～196 ℃, and then carries out low temperature stress-removal heat treated one time, and thermal treatment and sub-zero treatment are mainly carried out in cutter manufacturer.
The problem that existing speedy steel cutting-tool cryogenic treatment process exists is not at the cryogenic treating process of finished high speed steel cutter, can not instruct cutter to use producer to utilize sub-zero treatment to improve cutter life.In addition, existing cryogenic treatment process adopts 1 long-time deep cooling, length consuming time, and efficient is low.In addition, in temperature-rise period, do not consider cutter material and envrionment temperature, adopt without exception and in air, heat up, influenced the sub-zero treatment effect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of periodic cryogenic treatment process at the finished high speed steel cutter, is fit to cutter and uses producer to utilize sub-zero treatment to improve cutter life.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The finished high speed steel cutter is no longer quenched and temper, directly carry out sub-zero treatment, i.e. three times+sub-zero treatment of quenching+tempering, liquid nitrogen temperature is-185～-196 ℃.Adopt the liquid method direct-immersion type to carry out sub-zero treatment, the cryogenic treatment process process is as follows:
(1) cutter that inside metallographic is met national standard carries out sub-zero treatment.
(2) before the deep cooling cutter is carried out precooling treatment.
(3) the periodic sub-zero treatment of cutter is undertaken by following technology: cutter is immersed in the liquid nitrogen, guarantee that cutter is flooded by liquid nitrogen all the time in the sub-zero treatment process.Each deep cooling hold-time is 1 hour, selects the deep cooling cycle index according to differing materials.
(4) intensification of cutter
After each sub-zero treatment, cutter is taken out back rise temperature to room temperature, be chosen in the air or in the machine oil according to the material of cutter and heat up.
(5) stress-removal of cutter heating
After sub-zero treatment finishes, carry out one time more than 1 hour, the unrelieved stress of eliminating after the sub-zero treatment is handled in 100 ℃ low-temperature heat, can carry out in boiling water.
Cutter mainly refers to by W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2 or three kinds of rapid steel manufacturings of W9Mo3Cr4V.
The benefit of cryogenic treatment process of the present invention is that the producer for the finished high speed steel cutter provides a kind of periodic circulation cryogenic treatment process, has solved speedy steel cutting-tool low problem in work-ing life.The present invention does not quench and temper, for producer has saved the energy.The periodic circulation sub-zero treatment time that the present invention adopts obviously is less than 1 long-time sub-zero treatment, has saved the time, has improved production efficiency.Consider the temperature-rising method of differing materials, stablized the deep cooling effect.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the periodic cryogenic technology curve of speedy steel cutting-tool.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the transmission electron microscope details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues photo through 1260 ℃ of inner carbide precipitate distributions of W6Mo5Cr4V2 speedy steel cutting-tool after quenching 1 time+1 time 12 hours deep coolings of+550 ℃ of tempering.
Accompanying drawing 3 is for after cryogenic technology of the present invention handles promptly 1260 ℃ of 3 times+2 times 1 hours period circulation sub-zero treatments of+550 ℃ of tempering of quenching, the transmission electron microscope details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues photo of the distribution of the inner carbide precipitate of W6Mo5Cr4V2 speedy steel cutting-tool.As seen, carbide particle quantity increases among Fig. 3, and disperse distributes more.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the stereoscan photograph through 1260 ℃ of W6Mo5Cr4V2 speedy steel cutting-tool impact fractures after quenching 1 time+1 time 12 hours deep coolings of+550 ℃ of tempering.
Accompanying drawing 5 is for after cryogenic technology of the present invention handles promptly 1260 ℃ of 3 times+2 times 1 hours period circulation sub-zero treatments of+550 ℃ of tempering of quenching, the stereoscan photograph of W6Mo5Cr4V2 speedy steel cutting-tool impact fracture.Among Fig. 5 as seen, brittle crack quantity still less, dimple quantity increases and diminishes.
Embodiment
Be described in detail specific embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with technical scheme.
The present invention is applicable to the finished product cutter that W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2 or three kinds of rapid steel of W9Mo3Cr4V are made, and carries out the direct-immersion type sub-zero treatment in-185～-196 ℃ liquid nitrogen.The cryogenic treatment process process is as follows:
Step 1: the preparation before the sub-zero treatment
(1) tool surface quality inspection, remove greasy dirt and rust staining (2) cutter hardness measurement, check that whether meeting supply of material hardness requires the inspection of (3) cutter interior tissue rank, under possible condition, to do the austenite crystal rank to the finished product cutter, the metallographicinspection of grade of inhomogeneity of carbide and surface decarburization layer, overproof as rank, sub-zero treatment does not have effect.
The precooling of cutter before step 2 deep cooling
Cutter put into dry ice 30 minutes or 1/3 of cutter height is put into liquid nitrogen fast do not do stop and take out immediately 23 times so repeatedly, put into liquid nitrogen after the cutter precooling immediately.
The sub-zero treatment of step 3 periodic
Cutter is immersed in the liquid nitrogen, guarantee that cutter is flooded by liquid nitrogen all the time in the sub-zero treatment process.Each deep cooling hold-time is 1 hour, selects the deep cooling cycle index according to differing materials.W18Cr4V steel knife tool adopts 3 cycle deep coolings, and W6Mo5Cr4V2 and W9Mo3Cr4V steel knife tool adopt 2 cycle deep coolings.After the cutter temperature returns to room temperature fully behind preceding one deep cooling of assurance during operation, carry out again the 2nd time or the 3rd deep cooling.
The intensification of cutter behind step 4 deep cooling
After cutter sub-zero treatment holding stage was finished, the temperature of ging up was to room temperature, and different steel grades adopt different heating modes.W18Cr4V steel knife tool can be placed in 20 ℃ of air slowly and heat up, and W6Mo5Cr4V2 or W9Mo3Cr4V steel knife tool can go in 22 ℃ the machine oil to heat up.Cutter can not splash water in the temperature-rise period.
The low temperature stress-removal heating of step 5 cutter
Temperature recovery is put into 100 ℃ boiling water heating 60-90 minute (large-scale cutter capping) to the cutter of room temperature eliminate stress, be placed in the room temperature after heating finishes and lower the temperature.
Hardness measurement behind the step 6 cutter deep cooling
After whole periodic sub-zero treatment is finished, must on Rockwell hardometer, measure the cutter hardness value.If hardness mean value improves 1-2HRC before than deep cooling behind the deep cooling, illustrate that cryogenic operations is correct.
Sub-zero treatment equipment is an open type 100 liter vacuum insulation equipment, and its technical parameter is: storage medium: liquid nitrogen, liter capacity: 100ml, container day rate of evaporation≤3.5%/day, container closure vacuum tightness≤6.67 * 10
-3Pa, static venting rate≤1.33 * 10 of leaking of container interlayer
-5Pa.L/s, adiabatic method: high vacuum+multilayer multi shields insulation, maximum capacity≤50Kg.
Find by transmission electron microscope observation, promptly quench with present cryogenic treatment process+1 tempering+1 time long-time deep cooling (Fig. 2) is relatively, because repeatedly deep cooling is separated out for carbide more phase driving force is provided, the finished product W6Mo5Cr4V2 speedy steel cutting-tool after cryogenic technology of the present invention is handled is separated out the more M of Donna metrical scale in martensite lath
6C or MC type carbide (Fig. 3), and size is more tiny.Find by the sem observation among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, with present cryogenic treatment process relatively, the impact fracture brittle crack quantity of the W6Mo5Cr4V2 speedy steel cutting-tool after art breading of the present invention still less, dimple quantity increases and diminishes.Technology of the present invention is selected heating mode according to cutter material, makes carbide separate out disperse more, and more stable, and microtexture is more even (sees Fig. 2, Fig. 3).The actual production measuring result of Tool in Cutting processing shows, compares with existing cryogenic technology, and after art breading of the present invention, cutter hardness improves 1-2HRC, and impelling strength improves 20%, and wear resistance improves 15%.The finished high speed steel cutter of explanation after for+3 tempering of quenching, short cycle formula cryogenic treatment process of the present invention is not only feasible, and the deep cooling better effects if.
Claims (4)
1. periodic sub-zero treatment process of finished high speed steel cutters is characterized in that:
The finished high speed steel cutter is no longer quenched and temper, directly carry out sub-zero treatment, i.e. three times+sub-zero treatment of quenching+tempering, liquid nitrogen temperature is-185～-196 ℃; Adopt the liquid method direct-immersion type to carry out sub-zero treatment, the cryogenic treatment process process is as follows:
(1) cutter is carried out sub-zero treatment;
(2) before the deep cooling cutter is carried out precooling treatment;
(3) the periodic sub-zero treatment of cutter is undertaken by following technology: cutter is immersed in the liquid nitrogen, guarantee that cutter is flooded by liquid nitrogen all the time in the sub-zero treatment process; Each deep cooling hold-time is 1 hour, selects the deep cooling cycle index according to differing materials;
(4) intensification of cutter: after each sub-zero treatment, workpiece is taken out back rise temperature to room temperature, be chosen in the air or in the machine oil according to the material of cutter and heat up;
(5) stress-removal of cutter heating.
2. a kind of periodic sub-zero treatment process of finished high speed steel cutters according to claim 1 is characterized in that: cutter is by W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2 or three kinds of rapid steel manufacturings of W9Mo3Cr4V.
3. according to the described a kind of periodic sub-zero treatment process of finished high speed steel cutters of claim 2, it is characterized in that: W18Cr4V steel knife tool adopts 3 cycle deep coolings, and W6Mo5Cr4V2 and W9Mo3Cr4V steel knife tool adopt 2 cycle deep coolings.
4. according to the described a kind of periodic sub-zero treatment process of finished high speed steel cutters of claim 2, it is characterized in that: behind deep cooling during the intensification of cutter, W18Cr4V steel knife tool is placed in 20 ℃ of air slowly and heats up, and W6Mo5Cr4V2 or W9Mo3Cr4V steel knife tool go in 22 ℃ the machine oil to heat up.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102329151A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-01-25 | 重庆文理学院 | Cryogenic treatment method for ceramic/metal ceramic cutting tool |
| CN102517438A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-06-27 | 太原科技大学 | Technique method for eliminating residual stress on high speed steel grinding surface |
| CN103525997A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-22 | 三明学院 | High-speed steel cryogenic treatment process |
| CN104175083A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-03 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | Turning tool manufacturing technology capable of reducing heat damage and facilitating processing |
| CN104191188A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-10 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | Cutting tool manufacturing method capable of conveniently reducing austenite residue |
| CN109652623A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 南京理工大学 | The high all cyclic cryogenic treatment technique of metal and automation deep cooling processing system |
| CN111876561A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-03 | 北京科技大学 | Low-temperature secondary hardening tempering method for gradient-deformed high-carbon martensitic stainless steel |
| CN111910053A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-11-10 | 南京百泽机械有限公司 | Heat treatment process for cutting die assembly |
| CN112430712A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-02 | 南京科亚化工成套装备有限公司 | Heat treatment process for high-speed steel threaded element |
| CN115261578A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Dimension stabilizing treatment method for ultra-large heterogeneous piece |
-
2009
- 2009-09-22 CN CN200910307433A patent/CN101660031A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102329151A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-01-25 | 重庆文理学院 | Cryogenic treatment method for ceramic/metal ceramic cutting tool |
| CN102517438A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-06-27 | 太原科技大学 | Technique method for eliminating residual stress on high speed steel grinding surface |
| CN103525997A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-22 | 三明学院 | High-speed steel cryogenic treatment process |
| CN104175083A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-03 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | Turning tool manufacturing technology capable of reducing heat damage and facilitating processing |
| CN104191188A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-10 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | Cutting tool manufacturing method capable of conveniently reducing austenite residue |
| CN109652623A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 南京理工大学 | The high all cyclic cryogenic treatment technique of metal and automation deep cooling processing system |
| CN111876561A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-03 | 北京科技大学 | Low-temperature secondary hardening tempering method for gradient-deformed high-carbon martensitic stainless steel |
| CN111910053A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-11-10 | 南京百泽机械有限公司 | Heat treatment process for cutting die assembly |
| CN112430712A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-02 | 南京科亚化工成套装备有限公司 | Heat treatment process for high-speed steel threaded element |
| CN115261578A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Dimension stabilizing treatment method for ultra-large heterogeneous piece |
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Open date: 20100303 |