CN111910053A - Heat treatment process for cutting die assembly - Google Patents
Heat treatment process for cutting die assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN111910053A CN111910053A CN202010626563.7A CN202010626563A CN111910053A CN 111910053 A CN111910053 A CN 111910053A CN 202010626563 A CN202010626563 A CN 202010626563A CN 111910053 A CN111910053 A CN 111910053A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/22—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment process of a cutting die assembly, which comprises the following steps of preheating a cutting die; quenching the preheated cutting die, and then cooling; cleaning the quenched and cooled cutting die, and drying; tempering the dried cutting die, and then cooling; and (3) heating the tempered and cooled cutting die at a low temperature, and cooling the cutting die after heating is finished, so that the toughness, hardness and wear resistance of the cutting die are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutter production, in particular to a heat treatment process of a cutting die assembly.
Background
At present, a cutting die is needed to be used when the lithium battery pole piece is cut, and the cutting die is in long-term direct contact with the pole piece of the lithium battery and cuts the pole piece. Therefore, the requirements on the hardness and the corrosion resistance of the cutting blade are high, the cutting blade needs to be subjected to heat treatment in order to ensure the quality of the cutting die and prolong the service life of the cutting die, and the requirements of the existing heat treatment process on the toughness, the hardness and the wear resistance of the cutting die are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat treatment process for a cutting die assembly, and aims to solve the technical problem that the heat treatment process in the prior art is difficult to meet the requirements of the cutting die on toughness, hardness and wear resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the heat treatment process of the cutting die assembly comprises the following steps:
preheating a cutting die;
quenching the preheated cutting die, and then cooling;
cleaning the quenched and cooled cutting die, and drying;
tempering the dried cutting die, and then cooling;
and (4) heating the tempered and cooled cutting die at a low temperature, and cooling after heating.
Wherein, preheat the cutting die, include:
preheating the cutting die twice, wherein the first preheating is carried out in a well type furnace at the temperature of 800-900 ℃ for 350-450 min;
and immediately carrying out secondary preheating after the primary preheating is finished, wherein the secondary preheating is carried out in a single preheating ignition furnace, the temperature is 900-950 ℃, and the preheating time is 100-200 min.
Wherein, quenching the cutter die after preheating, then cooling, include:
quenching the cutting die for three times, wherein the first quenching temperature is 1100-1200 ℃, the first quenching time is 500-600 min, and after the first quenching, the cutting die is put into aviation kerosene for soaking for 4-5 h and then cooled;
after the first quenching and cooling of the cutting die, carrying out second quenching, wherein the second quenching temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, the first quenching time is 400-800 min, the second quenching is followed by air cooling to 600 ℃, and the cutting die is placed in a salt bath furnace at 600 ℃ for 2-3 h;
and after the second quenching and cooling of the cutting die, carrying out third quenching, wherein the third quenching temperature is 1250-1350 ℃, the third quenching time is 200-300 min, and air cooling is carried out after the third quenching.
Wherein, wash the cutting die after quenching cooling, and dry, include:
soaking and cleaning the surface of the cutting die after the third quenching and cooling by using warm water at the temperature of 70-80 ℃;
after soaking and cleaning, putting the mixture into a dryer for baking, then performing air cooling, and then performing natural cooling.
Wherein, treat to soak after the washing is accomplished, put into the desiccator and toast, later carry out the forced air cooling, then carry out natural cooling, include:
the soaking time is 20-30 min, the baking time is 5-15 min, and the air cooling time is 15-25 min.
Wherein, the tempering is carried out to the cutting die after will drying, then cool off, include:
tempering the quenched and cooled cutting die twice in a nitrate tempering furnace, wherein the first tempering temperature is 400-500 ℃ and the time is 3-5 h, and then putting the cutting die into engine oil for cooling for 2 h;
and after the first tempering and cooling are finished, carrying out second tempering at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 2-4 h, and then putting into engine oil for cooling for 2 h.
Wherein, the cutting die after will tempering and cooling carries out low temperature heating to heat and cool off after accomplishing, include:
and (3) heating the tempered cutting die at a low temperature of 180-220 ℃, and then putting the cutting die into quartz sand for natural cooling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: preheating a cutting die; quenching the preheated cutting die, and then cooling; cleaning the quenched and cooled cutting die, and drying; tempering the dried cutting die, and then cooling; and (3) heating the tempered and cooled cutting die at a low temperature, and cooling the cutting die after heating is finished, so that the toughness, hardness and wear resistance of the cutting die are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the steps of example 1 of the heat treatment process of the cutting die assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the steps of embodiment 2 of the thermal treatment process of the cutting die assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the steps of embodiment 3 of the thermal treatment process of the cutting die assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Quenching the preheated cutting die, and then cooling, the method further comprises: quenching at high temperature in a quenching medium, wherein the quenching medium is one or more of a calcium chloride saturated aqueous solution, a polyglycol aqueous solution, a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and a potassium permanganate quenching liquid.
The method comprises the following steps of quenching the preheated cutting die, then cooling, cleaning the quenched and cooled cutting die, and drying: and (3) placing the quenched and cooled cutting die in a refrigerator for cold treatment at-70 to-80 ℃ for 1 to 3 hours.
The steps of cleaning and drying the quenched and cooled cutting die, tempering the dried cutting die, and cooling the cutting die comprise: and (3) placing the cleaned and dried cutting die in a co-infiltration furnace, raising the temperature of the furnace to 500-600 ℃, then dripping methanol, maintaining the temperature of the furnace at 500-600 ℃, stopping dripping methanol after 15-25 min, then dripping a hardening accelerator, treating for 2-3 h, raising the temperature to 700-800 ℃, continuing treating for 2-3 h, then stopping dripping the hardening accelerator, and cooling and discharging.
The step of tempering the dried cutting die, then cooling, low-temperature heating the tempered and cooled cutting die, and cooling after heating, comprises:
heating at a heating rate of 400-500 ℃/min in vacuum to 1000-1200 ℃, and then putting into liquid nitrogen for complete cooling.
Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a thermal treatment process for a cutting die assembly, including the following steps:
s100: preheating a cutting die for the first time at 800 ℃ for 350min in a shaft furnace, and immediately preheating the cutting die for the second time at 900 ℃ for 100min in a single preheating ignition furnace after the first preheating is finished;
s200: quenching the preheated cutting die for three times in an environment with a quenching medium of a calcium chloride saturated aqueous solution, wherein the first quenching temperature is 1100 ℃, the first quenching time is 500min, soaking the cutting die in aviation kerosene for 4h after the first quenching, cooling, quenching for the second time after the first quenching and cooling of the cutting die, the second quenching temperature is 1200 ℃, the first quenching time is 400min, cooling the cutting die to 600 ℃ after the second quenching, placing the cutting die in a salt bath furnace at 600 ℃ for 2h, quenching for the third time after the second quenching and cooling of the cutting die, the third quenching temperature is 1250 ℃, the third quenching time is 200min, and cooling the cutting die after the third quenching;
s300: placing the cutting die subjected to quenching and cooling for the third time in a refrigerator for cold treatment at-70 ℃ for 1 h;
s400: soaking the surface of the cutting die subjected to cold treatment for 20min by using warm water at 70 ℃, then cleaning, after soaking and cleaning are completed, putting the cutting die into a drying machine for baking for 5min, then performing air cooling for 15min, and then performing natural cooling;
s500: placing the cleaned, dried and cooled cutting die in a co-infiltration furnace, heating the furnace to 500 ℃, then dripping methanol, maintaining the furnace temperature at 500 ℃, stopping dripping methanol after 15min, then dripping a hardening accelerator, heating to 700 ℃ after 2h of treatment, continuing the treatment for 2h, then stopping dripping the hardening accelerator, cooling and discharging;
s600: tempering the cutter die nitrate tempering furnace cooled and discharged for two times, wherein the first tempering temperature is 400 ℃ and the time is 3 hours, then putting the cutter die nitrate tempering furnace into engine oil for cooling for 2 hours, after the first tempering and cooling are finished, tempering for the second time, the second tempering temperature is 200 ℃ and the time is 2 hours, and then putting the cutter die nitrate tempering furnace into the engine oil for cooling for 2 hours;
s700: heating the cutting die at a heating speed of 400 ℃/min in vacuum to 1000 ℃, and then putting into liquid nitrogen for complete cooling;
s800: and (3) heating the cutting die which is completely cooled in liquid nitrogen at a low temperature of 180 ℃, and then placing the cutting die into quartz sand for natural cooling.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: preheating the cutting die twice, then quenching for three times in an environment that a quenching medium is a calcium chloride saturated aqueous solution, correspondingly cooling each quenching, and then placing the cutting die cooled by the quenching for the third time in a refrigerator for cold treatment at-70 ℃ for 1 h; so that the retained austenite in the cutter is transformed into martensite, thereby improving the hardness, the wear resistance and the dimensional stability of the cutting die, then the surface of the cutting die after cold treatment is soaked and cleaned by warm water, then the cutting die is put into a drier for baking, then air cooling is carried out, natural cooling is carried out, then the cutting die after cleaning, drying and cooling is put into a co-infiltration furnace, the furnace temperature is raised, then methanol is dripped in, and the condition that the hardness, the wear resistance and the dimensional stability of the cutting die are improvedThe furnace temperature, stopping dripping methanol after a period of time, then dripping a hardening accelerator, heating after a period of time treatment, continuing the treatment for a period of time, then stopping dripping the hardening accelerator, cooling and discharging; wherein ethanol can be used to replace methanol, the hardening agent is composed of methanol, formamide, thiourea, copper sulfide and RE, a great amount of punctiform objects are present in the infiltration layer on the surface of the cutter after co-infiltration, and the main component is Fe3O4、FeS、Fe2B and a carbon-nitrogen compound, wherein the carbon-nitrogen compound is highly dispersed and distributed, the hardness is extremely high, the hardness is gradually reduced along with excessive diffusion, the carbon-nitrogen compound is gradually reduced, the basic original hardness is transited to the cutting die, and Fe on the surface of the cutting tool is enabled to be subjected to the alloying action of rare earth and catalytic human microalloying, particularly the catalytic action on boron atoms, so that the surface of the cutting tool is Fe2B is increased, the rare earth is added to cause distortion after infiltration, the surface hardness is high, and the subsurface layer contains a large amount of soft phase structure Fe3O4FeS, rare earth and boron atoms cannot permeate the layer, so that the hardness of the position forms a valley, but the position concentrates a large amount of carbon and nitrogen along with the catalytic action of the rare earth, and other atoms cannot permeate the layer, so that a large amount of carbon nitride compounds greatly improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the position, thereby achieving the purpose of hardening and wear resistance of cutter die co-permeation, then performing tempering twice in a cutter die nitrate tempering furnace after being cooled out of the furnace, cooling after tempering each time, heating the cutter die in vacuum, then putting the cutter die into liquid nitrogen for complete cooling, performing cold treatment on the cutter die again, then performing low-temperature heating on the cutter die which is put into the liquid nitrogen for complete cooling, and then putting the cutter die into quartz sand for natural cooling. The prepared knife die has better toughness, hardness and wear resistance through the heat treatment process.
Embodiment 2, referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides a thermal treatment process for a cutting die assembly, including the following steps:
s100: preheating a cutting die for the first time at 900 ℃ for 450min in a shaft furnace, and immediately preheating the cutting die for the second time at 950 ℃ for 200min in a single preheating ignition furnace after the first preheating is finished;
s200: quenching the preheated cutting die for three times in an environment with a quenching medium of a calcium chloride saturated aqueous solution, wherein the first quenching temperature is 1200 ℃, the first quenching time is 600min, soaking the cutting die in aviation kerosene for 5h after the first quenching, cooling, quenching for the second time after the first quenching and cooling of the cutting die, the second quenching temperature is 1300 ℃, the first quenching time is 800min, cooling the cutting die to 600 ℃ after the second quenching, placing the cutting die in a salt bath furnace at 600 ℃ for 3h, quenching for the third time after the second quenching and cooling of the cutting die, the third quenching temperature is 1350 ℃, the third quenching time is 300min, and cooling the cutting die after the third quenching;
s300: placing the cutting die subjected to quenching and cooling for the third time in a refrigerator for cold treatment at-80 ℃ for 3 h;
s400: soaking the surface of the cutting die subjected to cold treatment for 30min by using warm water at 80 ℃, then cleaning, after soaking and cleaning are completed, putting the cutting die into a drying machine for baking for 15min, then performing air cooling for 25min, and then performing natural cooling;
s500: placing the cleaned, dried and cooled cutting die in a co-infiltration furnace, heating the furnace to 600 ℃, then dripping methanol, maintaining the furnace temperature at 600 ℃, stopping dripping methanol after 25min, then dripping a hardening accelerator, heating to 800 ℃ after 3h of treatment, continuing the treatment for 3h, then stopping dripping the hardening accelerator, cooling and discharging;
s600: tempering the cooled cutting die nitrate tempering furnace twice, wherein the first tempering temperature is 500 ℃ and the time is 5 hours, then putting the cutting die nitrate tempering furnace into engine oil for cooling for 2 hours, after the first tempering cooling is finished, tempering the cutting die nitrate tempering furnace for the second time, the second tempering temperature is 300 ℃ and the time is 4 hours, and then putting the cutting die nitrate tempering furnace into the engine oil for cooling for 2 hours;
s700: heating the cutting die at a heating speed of 500 ℃/min in vacuum to 1200 ℃, and then putting into liquid nitrogen for complete cooling;
s800: and (3) heating the cutting die which is completely cooled in liquid nitrogen at a low temperature of 220 ℃, and then placing the cutting die into quartz sand for natural cooling.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: by preheating the cutting die twice, after whichQuenching for three times in an environment that a quenching medium is a calcium chloride saturated aqueous solution, cooling correspondingly for each quenching, and then placing the cutting die cooled by the quenching for the third time in a refrigerator for cold treatment at minus 80 ℃ for 3 hours; so that the retained austenite in the cutter is transformed into martensite, thereby improving the hardness, wear resistance and dimensional stability of the cutting die, then soaking and cleaning the surface of the cutting die after cold treatment by utilizing warm water, then putting the cutting die into a dryer for baking, then air-cooling, then naturally cooling, then putting the cutting die after cleaning, drying and cooling into a co-infiltration furnace, raising the furnace temperature, then dripping methanol, maintaining the furnace temperature, stopping dripping methanol after a period of time, then dripping a hardening accelerant, after a period of time treatment, raising the temperature, continuing to treat for a period of time, then stopping dripping the hardening accelerant, cooling and discharging; wherein ethanol can be used to replace methanol, the hardening agent is composed of methanol, formamide, thiourea, copper sulfide and RE, a great amount of punctiform objects are present in the infiltration layer on the surface of the cutter after co-infiltration, and the main component is Fe3O4、FeS、Fe2B and a carbon-nitrogen compound, wherein the carbon-nitrogen compound is highly dispersed and distributed, the hardness is extremely high, the hardness is gradually reduced along with excessive diffusion, the carbon-nitrogen compound is gradually reduced, the basic original hardness is transited to the cutting die, and Fe on the surface of the cutting tool is enabled to be subjected to the alloying action of rare earth and catalytic human microalloying, particularly the catalytic action on boron atoms, so that the surface of the cutting tool is Fe2B is increased, the rare earth is added to cause distortion after infiltration, the surface hardness is high, and the subsurface layer contains a large amount of soft phase structure Fe3O4FeS, rare earth and boron atoms can not permeate into the layer, so that the hardness of the position forms a valley, but the position concentrates a large amount of carbon and nitrogen along with the catalysis of rare earth, and other atoms can not permeate, thereby a large amount of carbon nitride compounds greatly improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the position, thereby achieving the purpose of hardening and wear resistance of cutter die co-permeation, then carrying out twice tempering in a cutter die nitrate salt tempering furnace after being cooled and discharged out of the furnace, cooling after each tempering, heating the cutter die in vacuum, then putting into liquid nitrogen for complete cooling, further carrying out cold treatment on the cutter die, and then putting into the liquid nitrogen for complete coolingAnd heating the mold at low temperature, and then putting the mold into quartz sand for natural cooling. The prepared knife die has better toughness, hardness and wear resistance through the heat treatment process.
Embodiment 3, referring to fig. 3, the present invention provides a thermal treatment process for a cutting die assembly, including the following steps:
s100: preheating the cutting die in a well type furnace for the first time at 850 ℃ for 400min, and immediately preheating in a single preheating ignition furnace for the second time at 925 ℃ for 150min after the first preheating is finished;
s200: quenching the preheated cutting die for three times in an environment with a quenching medium being a calcium chloride saturated aqueous solution, wherein the first quenching temperature is 1150 ℃, the first quenching time is 550min, soaking the cutting die in aviation kerosene for 4.5h after the first quenching, cooling, quenching for the second time after the first quenching and cooling of the cutting die, the second quenching temperature is 1250 ℃, the first quenching time is 600min, cooling the cutting die to 600 ℃ after the second quenching, placing the cutting die in a salt bath furnace at 600 ℃ for 2.5h, quenching for the third time after the second quenching and cooling of the cutting die, the third quenching temperature is 1300 ℃, the third quenching time is 250min, and cooling the cutting die after the third quenching;
s300: placing the cutting die subjected to quenching and cooling for the third time in a refrigerator for cold treatment at-75 ℃ for 2 h;
s400: soaking the surface of the cutting die subjected to cold treatment for 25min by using warm water at 75 ℃, then cleaning, after soaking and cleaning are completed, putting the cutting die into a dryer for baking for 10min, then carrying out air cooling for 20min, and then carrying out natural cooling;
s500: placing the cleaned, dried and cooled cutting die in a co-infiltration furnace, heating the furnace to 550 ℃, then dripping methanol, maintaining the furnace temperature at 550 ℃, stopping dripping methanol after 20min, then dripping a hardening accelerator, heating to 750 ℃ after 2.5h of treatment, continuing to treat for 2.5h, then stopping dripping the hardening accelerator, cooling and discharging;
s600: tempering the cutter die nitrate tempering furnace cooled and discharged for two times, wherein the first tempering temperature is 450 ℃ and the time is 4 hours, then putting the cutter die nitrate tempering furnace into engine oil for cooling for 2 hours, after the first tempering and cooling are finished, tempering for the second time, the second tempering temperature is 250 ℃ and the time is 3 hours, and then putting the cutter die nitrate tempering furnace into the engine oil for cooling for 2 hours;
s700: heating the cutting die at a heating speed of 450 ℃/min in vacuum to 1100 ℃, and then putting into liquid nitrogen for complete cooling;
s800: and (3) heating the cutting die which is completely cooled in liquid nitrogen at a low temperature of 200 ℃, and then placing the cutting die into quartz sand for natural cooling.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: preheating the cutting die twice, then quenching for three times in an environment that a quenching medium is a calcium chloride saturated aqueous solution, correspondingly cooling each quenching, and then placing the cutting die cooled by the quenching for the third time in a refrigerator for cold treatment at-75 ℃ for 2 hours; so that the retained austenite in the cutter is transformed into martensite, thereby improving the hardness, wear resistance and dimensional stability of the cutting die, then soaking and cleaning the surface of the cutting die after cold treatment by utilizing warm water, then putting the cutting die into a dryer for baking, then air-cooling, then naturally cooling, then putting the cutting die after cleaning, drying and cooling into a co-infiltration furnace, raising the furnace temperature, then dripping methanol, maintaining the furnace temperature, stopping dripping methanol after a period of time, then dripping a hardening accelerant, after a period of time treatment, raising the temperature, continuing to treat for a period of time, then stopping dripping the hardening accelerant, cooling and discharging; wherein ethanol can be used to replace methanol, the hardening agent is composed of methanol, formamide, thiourea, copper sulfide and RE, a great amount of punctiform objects are present in the infiltration layer on the surface of the cutter after co-infiltration, and the main component is Fe3O4、FeS、Fe2B and a carbon-nitrogen compound, wherein the carbon-nitrogen compound is highly dispersed and distributed, the hardness is extremely high, the hardness is gradually reduced along with excessive diffusion, the carbon-nitrogen compound is gradually reduced, the basic original hardness is transited to the cutting die, and Fe on the surface of the cutting tool is enabled to be subjected to the alloying action of rare earth and catalytic human microalloying, particularly the catalytic action on boron atoms, so that the surface of the cutting tool is Fe2B is increased, the rare earth is added to cause distortion after infiltration, the surface hardness is high, and the subsurface layer contains a large amount of soft phase structure Fe3O4FeS, rare earth and boron atoms cannot permeate the layer, so that the hardness of the position forms a valley, but the position concentrates a large amount of carbon and nitrogen along with the catalytic action of the rare earth, and other atoms cannot permeate the layer, so that a large amount of carbon nitride compounds greatly improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the position, thereby achieving the purpose of hardening and wear resistance of cutter die co-permeation, then performing tempering twice in a cutter die nitrate tempering furnace after being cooled out of the furnace, cooling after tempering each time, heating the cutter die in vacuum, then putting the cutter die into liquid nitrogen for complete cooling, performing cold treatment on the cutter die again, then performing low-temperature heating on the cutter die which is put into the liquid nitrogen for complete cooling, and then putting the cutter die into quartz sand for natural cooling. The prepared knife die has better toughness, hardness and wear resistance through the heat treatment process.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The heat treatment process of the cutting die assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preheating a cutting die;
quenching the preheated cutting die, and then cooling;
cleaning the quenched and cooled cutting die, and drying;
tempering the dried cutting die, and then cooling;
and (4) heating the tempered and cooled cutting die at a low temperature, and cooling after heating.
2. The thermal processing process of a cutting die assembly of claim 1, wherein said preheating the cutting die comprises:
preheating the cutting die twice, wherein the first preheating is carried out in a well type furnace at the temperature of 800-900 ℃ for 350-450 min;
and immediately carrying out secondary preheating after the primary preheating is finished, wherein the secondary preheating is carried out in a single preheating ignition furnace, the temperature is 900-950 ℃, and the preheating time is 100-200 min.
3. The thermal treatment process of a cutting die assembly according to claim 1, wherein quenching and then cooling the preheated cutting die comprises:
quenching the cutting die for three times, wherein the first quenching temperature is 1100-1200 ℃, the first quenching time is 500-600 min, and after the first quenching, the cutting die is put into aviation kerosene for soaking for 4-5 h and then cooled;
after the first quenching and cooling of the cutting die, carrying out second quenching, wherein the second quenching temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, the first quenching time is 400-800 min, the second quenching is followed by air cooling to 600 ℃, and the cutting die is placed in a salt bath furnace at 600 ℃ for 2-3 h;
and after the second quenching and cooling of the cutting die, carrying out third quenching, wherein the third quenching temperature is 1250-1350 ℃, the third quenching time is 200-300 min, and air cooling is carried out after the third quenching.
4. The thermal treatment process of the cutting die assembly according to claim 3, wherein the cleaning and drying of the quenched and cooled cutting die comprises:
soaking and cleaning the surface of the cutting die after the third quenching and cooling by using warm water at the temperature of 70-80 ℃;
after soaking and cleaning, putting the mixture into a dryer for baking, then performing air cooling, and then performing natural cooling.
5. The thermal treatment process of the cutting die assembly according to claim 4, wherein the step of placing the cutting die assembly into a dryer for baking after the soaking and cleaning are completed, then performing air cooling, and then performing natural cooling comprises the following steps:
the soaking time is 20-30 min, the baking time is 5-15 min, and the air cooling time is 15-25 min.
6. The thermal treatment process of a cutting die assembly according to claim 1, wherein the tempering and then cooling of the dried cutting die comprises:
tempering the quenched and cooled cutting die twice in a nitrate tempering furnace, wherein the first tempering temperature is 400-500 ℃ and the time is 3-5 h, and then putting the cutting die into engine oil for cooling for 2 h;
and after the first tempering and cooling are finished, carrying out second tempering at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 2-4 h, and then putting into engine oil for cooling for 2 h.
7. The thermal treatment process for the cutting die assembly according to claim 1, wherein the cutting die after tempering and cooling is subjected to low-temperature heating and cooling after the heating is completed, and comprises the following steps:
and (3) heating the tempered cutting die at a low temperature of 180-220 ℃, and then putting the cutting die into quartz sand for natural cooling.
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